高中英语 阅读理解之主旨大意题

阅读理解主旨大意题

【Part One:阅读全攻略(reading strategies)】

一、阅读技巧小“tips”

（一）题型特点

做此类题目时，首先要搞清的是问某一段还是全文的大意，可利用稳重

主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳，概括文章的主题。如有标题，标

题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个

主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的

中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。（二）题干表现形式

1.常见的标题型题干

（1）The best title/headline for this passage might be ______________.

（2）The text (passage) could be entitled __________________________.

（3）What is the best title for the passage?

（4）Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?

2.常见的主题型题干

（1）This passage chiefly deals with ___________________________.

（2）What is the subject discussed in the text?

（3）With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?

（4）What’s the topic of th e article?

（5）What is the main idea of the passage?

3.目的类主旨大意题

（1）The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is __________________.

（2）The passage is mainly about ___________________________.

（3）The purpose of this article is _______________________________. （三）应试技巧

1.主题句的特点

（1）主题句所表达的意思具有概括性。

（2）句子结构简单明了，作者一般不会采用长句或结构复杂的句子作为

文章的主题句。

（3）文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释，说明，论证或扩展。

2.如何寻找主题句

（1）文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释，支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想，是最常见的演绎法写作方式。请看下一高考

真题：

Jane Clark, fair-haired, blue-eyed and tough as steel, has just won the most difficult race in the world.In seventeen days she drove a dog team and sledge(雪橇)across 1,050 miles of the Arctic Circle and through some of the most difficult land in the world. In bitter(刺骨的)winds and snow-storms she drove her dogs along the Arctic track, in temperatures that reached-38℃.When Jane was asked how she felt about being the first woman ever to win the race she said, "I still can't believe it." She then went over to inspect her thirteen wild-eyed dogs. David Wilson, who came second, said, "It sure hurts when a young woman is ahead of you. But it doesn't hurt for long. She was a good winner."

（）Question：Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?

A. Woman wins the world's toughest race!

B. Woman fights bitter winds and snow-storms!

C. Woman wins a sledge race in the world!

D. Woman drives a dog team across the Arctic!

这篇文章的首句就是主题句，其后的句子或是具体说明“世界上最困难的比赛“，或是从侧面说明赢得这场比赛的不易。本篇的终结句进一步呼应了主题句。所以答案是_____________。

（2）文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点，印象，结论建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。

On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin.

Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin’s grand entrance for a long time!

（）What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?

A. The roller skates needed further improvement.

B. The party guests took Merlin for a fool.

C. Merlin succeeded beyond expectation.

D. Merlin got himself into trouble.