英语写作手册(中文版)课后习题答案
基础英语写作课后练习参考答案
基础英语写作与考试相关的练习答案Page 38III.1. uninterested2. childish3. envious4. inexpensive5. homely6. decline7. surprised; slim8. stout9. modest10. every; each 11. attempted 12. sympathy 13. notorious14. elderly; ladyPage 40V.1. rained: metaphor2. like disease: simile3. defaced: personification4. trembling: personification5. angry: personification6. Force, Reason: metonymy7. like cows: simile; eat straw, produce milk: metaphor8. roast duck: metonymy9. to the skies: overstatement10. clear and clean: alliteration11. tongue: synecdoche12. fertile soil: metaphorPage 72I1. periodic2. loose3. period4. loose5. loose6. loose7. periodic 8. periodic 9. balanced 10. (1) periodic; (2)-(5) balancedPage 75IV1.The meeting started at ten o’clock and she began to speak. She spokevery fast.2.Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known British playwrights of the20th century.3.The houses were mere shanties with rags stuffed in the cracks andholes.4.On the train I read the novel, which did not interest me at all.5.We later learnt that the well-dressed man who admitted us to the housewas a thief.6.The policemen helped me to find some important documents which Ihad lost three day before.7.A saleswoman greeted us when we entered the shop. We saw all kindsof shoes on the shelves, and the prices were quite reasonable. A lot of customers were buying them.8.Tell Helen, if she is at home, that I will come to see her.9.Listening attentively, I heard a faulty sound.10.I entered the room and saw no one.11.Fred is energetic and capable. You can rely on him.12.The children promised to be careful and return home early.13.Dickens’ novels offer no solution to the social injustices exposed tothem.14.Either my watch is fast or you watch is slow.15.A beautiful view out the window attracted my attention.16.He finished reading almost ten books during the vacation.17.If you are interested in painting, you can take a course at the eveningschool.18.She said that she would come if she could, but we needn’t wait forher.19.To tell my friend the good news I posted the letter at once.20.I will go to the lecture, because I like the speaker’s poems.Page 76V1.The Opium War broke out in 1840.2.There are more books in their library than in ours.3.He returned home after graduated from college.4.We planned to meet just before sunrise.5.The flood was due to the heavy rain in late spring.6.He was asked to repeat the sentence.7.I play badminton as well as my brother.8.To his friends his attitude was a puzzle.9.These watermelons are large and sweet.10.He did not tell the truth.11.A number of students want to join the drama club.12.He was kind enough to let me share his umbrella.13.The whole class elected Zhao their representative.14.I am taking two courses: World History and Geography.15.The plane circled the airport for about ten minutes and thendisappeared.16.I mean that he has not done his work well enough.17.I would like you to consider whether you would like to publish yourrecent article on women scientists in China in our journal.18.As he had missed many lectures, he knew that he might fail theexam.19.You must work on an outline for your paper, and then you need tocollect all kinds of materials to support your point of view.20.In that country, violent deaths occur every day.21.He is not only a good pianist, but also a good singer.22.This pretty actress keeps appearing in TV serials.23.Students are not allowed to take books out of this reading room.24.According to the speaker, the responsibility system has helped toincrease production.25.One reason why people are well informed in this country is that thereare many newspapers easily bought or subscribed to.26.Statistics show that from 1980 to 1990 enrollment at his schooldoubled.27.There are so many workers without training in a particular job thatproduction of the factory has been affected.28.There are about 50 patients in this ward, and many are being givenacupuncture treatment.29.He is called James Williams.30.Whatever he does, he works seriously and does his best.Page 109I. UnityI.(1) The forest is a sanitary agent.(2) All country and small-town people have seen such old women, but noone knows much about them.(3) The need for human studies, both in themselves and for scientists andprofessional men, is greater than it ever was.Page 1152.(1) In fact, not only, but also, furthermore, For example, also, In addition(2) Even though, If, When, Because, First, ThenPage 1194.(1) E, C, B, D, F, A, G(2) D, A, C, E, G, B, F。
英语写作基础课后答案
英语写作基础课后答案英语写作是大家最头疼的一道题。
下面小编收集了英语写作基础课后答案，供大家参考。
1) Is there any water in the bottle?2) Can she sing and dance very well?3) Has he a brother in England? Or: Does he havea brother in England?4) Does it often rain here in summer?5) Did you always play together at that time?6) Who is he?7) How many times have you been to Beijing?8) Where do they live?9) What does your father like very much?10) Why did he go to school yesterday?1) “Shall we go by bus or by train?”“Better go by train.”2) “Are we going to have the meeting today or tomorrow?”“Tomorrow. ”3) “Y ou are not ready, are you？”“No, I am not.”4) We can’t take these books out, can we?”“No, we can’t ”5) Take care not to catch cold.6) Speak a little slower. I can’t follow you.7) Let ’s not waste our time arguing about it.8) How pretty you are in that skirt!9) What a beautiful city Hangzhou is!10) How I miss my parents!1) She has not had her lunch.2) I was too excited to say a ward.3) None of the problems is difficult.4) Y ou can find this kind of mobile phone somewhere.5) He opened the door and we all went in.6) Put on your coat, or you will catch cold.7) It was late, so we went home.8) He doesn’t earn much, but he spends money freely.9) Turn off the light before you leave the room.10) I hope that you will enjoy your stay here. 1）SVC 2) SV 3)SVC 4) SVOC 5. SVOA 6) SVO 7) SVOC 8) SVOiOd 9) SVOC 10) SVA1) My ink has run out. (SV)2) My plan has changed. (SV)3)4)5)6) These flowers smell very sweet. (SVC) The story sounds interesting. (SVC) Y ou should look after your parents. (SVO) They didn’t accept my invitation. (SVO)7) They named the boy jack.(SVOC)8) I saw him come in and go out. (SVOC)9) He offered her his seat / his seat to her. (SVOiOd)10) Jack has caused his family some trouble.(SVOiOd)11) My uncle has sent me a present. (SVOiOd)12) He is sitting by the window.(SAV)13) I went there the day before yesterday. (SVA)14) My mother wants to retire this year.15) David likes singing in the bathroom.1) They enjoy reading classic Chinese literature, such as the poetry by Li Bai and Du Fu.2) When I was a little boy, I wanted to become a doctor.3) We got to the airport in time and took the plane.4) I booked the plane tickets and received them two days later.5) He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.6) Come with me and help me do / with the work.7) If you want to keep healthy, you should spenda little of your free / spare time on regular physical exercise.8) As you are too weak to travel, you should stay at home during the summer vacation.9) Teaching, however, is not so easy as others think. It takes me much time to prepare the lesson. And I often feel a bit tense in class.10) It is difficult to learn English. If we want to have a good command of it, we must study hard.11) John decided to stop smoking. He did not want to die of lung cancer. Or: John decided to stop smoking because he did not want to die of lung cancer.12) It seemed so wonderful that she could speak so easy . But she suddenly paused because she was usually shy.1) tom is a student who does well in exams, attends classes, reads textbooks, and reviews class notes.2) The teacher told his students to read the story, to write an outline of it and to develop the outline into a summary.3) His speeches were either too long or too short.4) Knowing how to study and learning how to plan time are very important for college students.5) The new flat is not only more economical but also some questions.6) Come to class prepared to take notes and to ask some questions.7) We judge our friends both by what they say and by how they act.8) David was nervous and annoyed because he had lost his keys.9) Some people find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.10) She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told her.11) Dentists advise brushing your teeth after each meal and avoiding too much sugar in your diet.12) My uncle spoke with warmth and humor.13) My driving instructor told me to keep both hands on the wheel, to use caution at all time, and not to take my eyes off the road.14) Men ’s clothing styles and women’s clothing styles have grown similar in recent years.15) Credit cards are accepted by department stores, airlines, and some gas stations.1）2）3）4）5) (现在分词短语）6) (形容词) (SVOiOd)7) (介词短语) (SVA)8) (过去分词短语) (SVOC)9) (介词短语/ 形容词/动词不定式) (SVO)10) (过去分词短语) (SVOA)1) (宾语从句)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)9)10)1) Mary can speak Chinese but can’t speak Japanese.2) Mrs. Green took the shopping list on the table and went direct to the supermarket.3) The boy fell down from the tree and hurt his hands and legs.4) You may watch TV at home or go to the football match.5) (Both) Jack and David work in ABC Company.6) They considered and adapt my plan.7) You should speak English not only in class but also out of class. Or: You should speak English both in and out of class.8) The teacher went to the library together with two students.9) You will have to finish either this book or that one.10) He failed to come not because of his illness but because of his unwillingness.1) Please tell me when you will come here again.2) He is anxious to know whether /if he has passed the exam.3) The fact that the earth goes round the sun iswell known.4) The young lady you saw in the dinning room just now teaches us English.5) The old man whose son is in our class like pop songs very much.6) A few students who haven’t realized the value of the book don’t want to use the book as their textbook.7) She is more hard-working than the other students. Or: The other students are not as hard-working as she is.8) If he comes to the meeting, we’ll ask him about it.9) He did many things to please the old man because he hoped the old man would help him.10) As soon as she comes, I will tell her about it.1）主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想 5) Poor handwriting can often get you into trouble.主题主导思想6) Television can play an educational role in our daily life.主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想9）主题主导思想主导思想1) a 2)a 3)b 4) a 5) c 6) a 7) b 8) a1) (4) 2.(1), (3) 3. (1)1) 定义法 2) 分类法 3) 举例法8) 比较法 4) 列举法 9) 因果法 5) 过程描述法 10) 举例法 6) 比较法 7) 过程描述法段落的统一与连贯1) (4),(6) 2) (2), (5) 3) (3), (4)II1) cba 2)badc 3) ecabdf 4) cadbef1) (1) First 2) so 3)however 4) As a result 5) Finally2) (1) First (2) Otherwise (3) On the other hand (4) Second(6) In contrast (7) Third开头段1）提问法 2）定义法 3）开门见山、点明主题法 4）引语法5）定义法 6）数据法结尾段1）提问式结尾 2）归纳总结式结尾4）引语式结尾 5）提问式结尾英语写作常用文体1）说明文 2）议论文A proverb says, “Time is money.” But in my opinion, time is even more precious than money because when money is spent, we can earn it back; but when time is gone, it will never return.Thus we must value time.Time passes very quickly. Some students say they do not have enough time for all their lessons. Actually they do not know how to make use of their time. They spend their precious time smoking, drinking, chatting, playing games and doing other useless things. They don’t realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.Today we are living in the twenty-first century. We know that time is life. When a person dies, his time has ended. Since life is short, we should devote our time and energy to our studies so that we will be able to serve our country and society. We should form the habit of saving time. We shouldn ’t put off what can be done today till tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring us failure but also lead us to the road of poverty.。
英语写作_习题集(含答案)
《英语写作》课程习题集一、单选题1.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph.Topic Sentence: ______Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Birdwhistell. He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed. In other words, we learn our books, but we are not born with them. A baby has generally unformed facial features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around family and friends. This helps explain why the people of some regions of the United States look so much alike. New Englanders or Southerners have certain common facial characteristics that cannot be explained by genetics. The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth, it is learned after. In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after permanent teeth are set. For many, this can be well in adolescence. A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike. We learn our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas. In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where the people smile more frequently. In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York state still less. Many Southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia. People in densely populated urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than do people in rural areas and small towns.A.Ray Birdwhistell can tell what region of the United States a person is form by how much heor she smiles.B.Ray Birdwhistell is a leader in the field of kinesics.C.Ray Birdwhistell says that our physical appearance is influenced by the appearance ofpeople around us.D.People who live in the country are more friendly than people who live in densely populatedareas.2.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph.Topic Sentence: ______Vending machines sell many different types of items. Some of them sell cold drinks like soda, or hot drinks like coffee or hot chocolate. Others sell candy, stamps, tickets, newspapers, and other types of small merchandise. These machines have been successful for two reasons. They savetime and they are convenient. Merchandise sold in machine eliminates the need for a sale clerk or cashier. In many places the customer puts a coin into the machine and then pushes a button, pulls a lever, or opens a door to receive the merchandise. Some machines will also return change to the customer, and a few will make change for paper money. But the basic idea is the same. Customers like to save time and are usually willing to pay a higher price for this convenience. The sale of snacks in vending machines has always been very successful. However, machines now sell hot meals with only limited success. In New York city, automates used to sell a lot of hot foods in vending machines. But in recent years, fast food establishments have replaced automates.A.Fast food establishments have always been successful.B.Vending machines have been successful.C.So far, vending machines have won only limited success.D.Vending machines sell many different kinds of goods.3.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph.Topic Sentence: ______Literary persons, even the greatest, are seldom spectacular. Those who lead lives of heroic action have neither the time nor usually the desire, even if they have the ability, to express themselves in writing. Those who gallop down valleys of death do not sing about that experience; they leave it to gentle poets living comfortably in country retreats. Moreover, to be a great writer one must spend more of one's time at a table in the laborious and wholly prosaic act of writing. Few writers attract a Boswell, and unless the details of their lives, their sayings, and their oddities happen to be preserved in writing, they soon become little more than a name. Even with all the elaborate apparatus of modern publicity, few readers could without notice write more of the biography of any living writer than could be contained on a postcard. The word is always so much greater than the man.A.Most literary men would prefer to lead lives of action.B.What writers write is more significant than what they do.C.The man of action is often a poor writer.D.Most readers are uniformed about the lives of writers.4.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph.Topic Sentence: ______At the university of Kansas Art Museum, investigators tested the effects of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical system under the carpet. The experiment revealed that those who entered the darkbrown room walked more quickly, covered more areas, and spent less time in the room than the people in the white environment. Dark brown stimulated more activity, but the activity ended sooner. Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room communicates and influences those inside. Another experiment presented subjects with photographs of faces that were to be rated in terms of energy and well being. Three groups of subjects were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in a different kind of room. One group was in an "ugly" room that resembled a messy storeroom. Another group was in an average room, a nice office. The third group was in a tastefully designed living-room with carpet and drapes. Results showed that the subjects in the beautiful room tended to give higher ratings to the faces than did those in the ugly room. Others studies suggested that students do better on tests taken in comfortable, attractive rooms than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.A.People in beautiful rooms tend to give higher ratings to photographs of faces than people in ugly rooms.B.The color and general appearance of a room influence the behavior and attitudes of people in it.C.The University of Kansas has studied the effects of the color of a room on people's behavior.D.Beautiful decorated, light-colored rooms make people more comfortable than ugly, dark rooms.5.Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph.Topic Sentence: ______New York, Tokyo, Paris and other cosmopolitan cities are exciting places to live in. There are many interesting things to see and to do. You can go to different kinds of museums, plays and movies. You can also go shopping to buy things from all over the world. But there are serious problems with big cities too. The cost of living is high, and there are too many people in some neighborhoods of big cities. Every year many newcomers move to the cities because of the opportunities to find jobs, to study at good schools, and to receive good medical care. But sometimes these people cannot find work or a decent place to live. Also, too many people in a small place make it hard to keep the city safe and clean. Cosmopolitan cities have their advantages and disadvantages. Some people enjoy living in them; others do not. Before people move to a big city, they should think about the problems of living there.A.There are many interesting things to see and to do in cosmopolitan cities.B.Many people prefer to live in cosmopolitan cities.C.Cosmopolitan cities have their advantages and disadvantages.D.People can buy all kinds of things in cosmopolitan cities.二、写作题6. Write a letter of application according to the following situation.You are Li Tao. You are planning to apply for a scholarship in a Canadian university. Write an application. Make sure to include the necessary information about yourself. (100—150 words) 7. Write a letter of complaints according to the following situation.You are Zhang Li. You have just bought a watch at the Modern Plaza. The watch worked for two days before it stopped working. You are to write to the manager to complain about what have happened to you. (100—150 words)8. Write a letter of recommendation according to the following situation.You are Professor Zhang Li. You are asked to write a letter to recommend Professor Wang Bing, who wants to be a teacher of Chinese. Provide sufficient information about him. (100—150 words)9. Write a letter of congratulation according to the following situation.You are Zhang Li. Your best friend Cathy has been appointed Chairperson of the Student Union in University of Kansas. You want to write a letter to congratulate her on her promotion. (100—150 words)10. Write a letter of explanation according to the following situation.You are Zhang Li. You were caught in an accident and your right hand was seriously injured, so your thesis was not submitted before the deadline. You are to write to Professor Cheng to explain what happened to you. (100—150 words)三、改写句子11. The Williams went out for picnic in spite of the bad weather. (periodic sentence)12.It was only nine o’clock. There were few people in the streets. (complex sentence)13.He succeeded through hard, persistence and maybe he also had a bit of luck. (simple structure)14. Jane works at the Family Planning Clinic. Her husband Smith does research work for the same unit. (compound sentence)15. In these restaurants, people stand at the center. They order their food. They wait just a few minutes. They carry the food to a table themselves. (A long sentence)16. My father decided to cut out smoking and drinking at the age of eighty. (periodic sentence)17. You must take exercise every day to preserve your health. (compound sentence)18. In fact, any new source of energy will be very welcome, for there is already a shortage of petroleum. (complex sentence)19. No one doubted his being sincere in his beliefs. (complex sentence)20.Just look at Japan to see how much of an impact “bullet train” can make. (periodic sentence)21. Jerry is an excellent worker. Even Jerry could not work out the problem. (simple sentence)22. I like Jack and Jack also likes me. (simple sentence)23.They think they’re so superior because they make more money than I do. (periodic sentence)24.The pioneers started out bravely enough with a Mormon guide. But there was no trail marked. Water holes were scarce and the pioneers were always thirsty. (complex sentence)25. My father warned me not to watch TV and that I should not smoke. (simple structure)26.Mike is very happy today. He received a letter from his girlfriend, Kathy, just now. (complex sentence)27. Tom was poor in health, and therefore he was unable to work. (periodic sentence)28. I placed the book on the chair, and it is still there. (complex sentence)29. You should make sure of its being genuine before buying this painting. (periodic sentence)30. In order that they may solve the energy problem, scientists will probably also try to make more use of solar energy. (simple sentence)31. Mary made up her mind to study abroad though she had a good job in her country. (periodic sentence)32. The God will give happiness to anyone in want of it. (complex sentence)33. The heavy rain started suddenly. We decided not go to the stadium. (compound sentence)34.Fast-food restaurant are very popular in China. The service is fast and the food is inexpensive. (complex sentence)35. When older men retire, they make way for the younger men to take their places. (compound sentence)36. From her I learned to tell the truth, to refrain from waste, and considerate of the weak and respectful to the age. (parallel structure)37. He came too late to see the first part of the movie. (compound sentence)38.We didn’t know how to reply to such a curious question. We turned around and asked w hy. (simple sentence)39. The population of China is larger than America. (parallel structure)40.The pioneers started out bravely enough with a Mormon guide. But there was no trail marked. Water hotels were scarce and the pioneers were always thirsty. (complex sentence)41.Our school’s buildings are not as modern as your school. (parallel structure)42.I’ve been away only for three years. Yet I can hardly recognize my hometown. (complex sentence)43.I’m surprised that you should think Hong Kong a dull place to live. (simple sentence)44. When older men retire, they make way for the younger men to take their places. (compound sentence)45. We shall go to the country if the weather is fine tomorrow. (periodic sentence)46.We are watering the flower. We d on’t have had any rain for two months. (compound sentence)47. The baby cried out with anger. She saw her mother. (complex sentence)48. After he had read the book twice, he decided to write a report about it. (simple sentence)49. My next door neighbor, a shy and quiet man who is a member of the PC club, was once a police man. (parallel structure)50. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in a diamond, and yet can be so well controlled as to be used in delicate eye operation. (compound-complex sentence)51. He went all the same although it was raining. (simple sentence)52. He rushed to the hospital on hearing the news. (periodic sentence)53. During this past century, it has come to be endowed with a scientific meaning. (complex sentence)54. Being tired of walking, Helen sat down to take a little rest. (compound sentence)55. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in a diamond, and yet can be so well controlled as to be used in delicate eye operations. (compound-complex sentence)56. From her I learned to tell the truth, to refrain from waste, and considerate of the weak and respectful to the age. (parallel structure)57.Mike is very happy today. He received a letter from his girlfriend, Kathy, just now. (complex sentence)58. In these restaurants, people stand at the counter. They order their food. They wait just a few minutes. They carry the food to a table themselves. (long sentence)59.The bridge had been weakened by successive storms. It was no longer safe. (simple sentence)60. In fact, any new source of energy will be very welcome, for there is already a shortage of petroleum. (complex sentence)四、找出不相关句子61. Read the following paragraph and underline the irrelevant sentences.Physical gestures and body language have different meanings in different cultures, and misunderstanding these signals can sometimes be embarrassing. So we must learn how to tolerate. Although I had spent a lot of time among non-Americans, I had never realized what this could mean in practical terms. I had an experience that taught me well, however. Some years ago, I organized and accompanied a small group of visiting foreign students to New York for four days of sightseeing by bus. Because these students were rather young, and because New Yorkwas such an overwhelming city, I was constantly counting heads to be sure we hadn't lost anyone. In the U. S., it is very common to count people or things by pointing the index finger and, of course, I used this method. One young man became extremely quiet and pensive, and I thought that perhaps he wasn't enjoying himself. When I asked him what the matter was, he replied, "In my country, we count people with our eyes. We use our fingers to count pigs."62. Read the following paragraph and underline the irrelevant sentences.Hotels are found in every country and city of the world, and generally, we can classify them into three large groups based on location. Each group has its own merit. First, airport hotels are located near airports. Their guests include passengers with short stayovers or canceled flights and travelers who are in business. The second kind is downtown hotels, also called commercial hotels. These hotels are near large office complexes and retail stores in the major metropolitan areas. They are attractive to people attending meetings and conventions, and many tourists as well. Third, there are also the resort hotels located near the beaches or mountains. Resort hotels accommodate vacationers and recreation-minded people. Though there may be a few other general areas where hotels are found, such along the highways, most of them are located near airports, in the downtown areas, and in resort areas.63. Read the following paragraph and underline the irrelevant sentences.Everybody wants to work in Mr. Robinson's department. Many of the new employees request assignment to his area. Employees at the entity level are particularly eager because of Mr. Robinson's attitude towards advancement. Both promotions and salary increases are very common in his department. He believes in supplementing periodic review with raises given on merit. Also, Mr. Robinson's department is very popular because everything is run efficiently and fairly. The work starts at 9:00 a.m. , since the employees are always on time. Even Mr. Robinson, himself, is in by 9:00 a.m. He considers it important to meet the same standards of punctuality as everybody else. Clearly, Mr. Robinson has all the necessary attributes for work of a supervisory nature. Yet he still has some shortage. Because he gives his employees both monetary and personal encouragement, he can depend on them to respond with a strong commitment to their work.64. Read the following paragraph and underline the irrelevant sentences.Recent research has begun to document the ways dreams can help people deal with problems in their waking live. Rosalind Cartwright (1978) has found that people seem to handle emotional situations more realistically after dreaming. In one study, she presented students with incomplete "problem stories" before bedtime in a sleep laboratory. The stories dealt with common concerns of young adults, such as separation from home. The subjects then went to sleep. Some were allowed to dream (they were awakened only during non-REM sleep), while others were not (they were only awakened only during the REM sleep or were not allowed to sleep at all). In the morning, when asked about possible solutions to the problem posed in a story, the subjects who had been allowed to dream were better to acknowledge the realistic dimensions of the problem. Dream can broaden our thinking in a sense. The result of this and other studies have ledCartwright to propose that dreams provide "a kind of workshop for the repair of self-esteem and competence."65. Read the following paragraph and underline the irrelevant sentences.In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. In this condition, we should pay more attention to mistakes. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying "I do it" to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say "I'll do it". The resulting discrepancy can serve as a basis for the student to modify his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.五、英语大作文66. Compositions:Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies; others believe that young children should spend most of their time playing. Do you agree with the former view or the latter one? Write a composition of about 400 words on the issue. You should title your composition appropriately. 67. Compositions:Some people prefer to spend time with one or two close friends. Others choose to spend time with a large number of friends. Compare the advantages of each choice. Which of these two ways of spending time do you prefer? Write a composition of about 400 words to state your view on this issue. You should title your composition appropriately68. Compositions:We all work or will work in our jobs with many different kinds of people. In your opinion, what are some important characteristics of a co-worker (someone you work closely with)? Write a composition of about 400 words to explain why you think these characteristics are important. You should title your composition appropriately.69. Compositions:Some people prefer to plan activities for their free time very carefully. Others choose not to make any plans at all for their free time. Compare the benefits of planning free-time activities with the benefits of not making plans. Which do you prefer—planning or not planning for your leisure time? Write a composition of about 400 words on this topic. You should title yourcomposition appropriately.70. Compositions:Fast food is rapidly becoming popular all over the world. Some people worry that this type of food is lacking in nutritional content. Furthermore, they also worry that the traditional cuisines will disappear if the trend toward fast food continues. How far do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Write a composition of about 400 words to state your view. You should title your composition appropriately.六、判断改错题（略）……答案一、单选题1. C2. B3. B4. B5. C二、写作题6. Dear Sir,I would like to apply for a scholarship to study at your university. I am in my final year of a four year degree course in the computer science at Shandong University.I am now involved in a current research on traffic free city centers and in charge of the computer programming. The reason that I would like to study in Canada is to have the opportunity of working with those Computer programmers who are responsible for the computer work in town planning.I should be very grateful if you could give me a favorable consideration of my application for a scholarship.As for the period, at least one year would suit me. I look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely,Li Tao7. Dear Sir or Madam,On November 11, I bought a watch at the Modern Plaza. I paid $ 110 for the watch, as shown on the enclosed copy of the receipt. The match worked well for two days and then quit for no apparent reasons. The warranty on the watch states that if the watch is defective for any reason, I can return it and get a replacement within 30 days of purchase. I talked to Ms. Wilson from whom I bought the match, and she told me I had to mail the item to you to get my replacement.I am enclosed the broken match in this package; please send me a new match of the same model. Thank you for your assistance.Sincerely,Zhang Li8. Dear Sir or Madam,I have taught with Professor Wang Bing for over 12 years at Chengdu Normal University of China. He is a successful teacher. Most of the students he taught sing high praise for him. Professor Wang is very knowledgeable and capable of teaching a wide range of subjects within his areas of specialization: Linguistics, History of the Chinese Language, Modern Chinese Grammar, and so on.I consider Professor Wang a very dedicated professional. His classes are always well planned and executed throughout the semester. He understands deeply the problems of cross-cultural education and is very considerate of students' concerns.With fluency of English and rich experience in teaching overseas students, Professor Wang would be highly eligible to fill any Chinese language teaching position in an English-speaking country.Sincerely yours,Zhang Li9. Dear Cathy,I just learned from your parents about your promotion to Chairperson of the Student Union. I was very excited about the good news. Congratulations on your promotion! I always knew you had the intelligence and would drive to go far, and you keep proving me right time and again. You have excellent managerial qualities. I still remember all those cookies sales you organized when you were only 9 or 10 years old. I am very glad the management at the Student Union recognizes your abilities. I hope you will go further and obtain continued success.Sincerely,Zhang Li10. Dear Professor Cheng,I am writing you with regard to the submission of my final thesis. I would like to apologize for submitting it after the deadline. Unfortunately, I was caught in a bicycle accident in the middleof June and my right hand was seriously injured. The ligaments were torn and required medical attention. It took almost three weeks for my hand to heal. I understand that the school requires strict adherence to deadlines. I trust that on account of my situation, you will accept my thesis so that i may graduate on time. I would be glad to submit my medical receipts if necessary. Thank you.Sincerely,Zhang Li三、改写句子11.In spite of the bad weather, the Williams’ went out for picnic.12.Though it was only nine o’clock, there were few people in the streets.13. He is succeeding through hard work, persistence and maybe also a bit of luck.14. Jane works at the Family Planning Clinic, and her husband Smith does research work for the same unit.15. In these restaurants, people stand at the center, order their food, wait just a few minutes, and carry the food to a table themselves.16. At the age of eighty, my father decided to cut out smoking and drinking.17.You must take exercise every day or you won’t preserve your health.18. In fact, any new source of energy will be very welcome, as there is already a shortage of petroleum.19. No one doubted that he was sincere in his beliefs.20.To see how much of an impact “bullet train” can make, just look at Japan.21. Jerry, an excellent worker, could not work out the problem.22. Jack and I like each other.23.Because they make more money than I do, they think they’re so superior.24.The pioneers started out bravely enough with a Mormon guide, but there was no trail marked and water holes were scarce and the pioneers were always thirsty.25. My father warned me not to watch TV and t not to smoke.26. Mike is very happy today because he received a letter from his girlfriend, Kathy, just now.27. Because of ill health, Tom could not work.28. The book that I placed on the chair is still there.29. Before buying this painting, you should make sure of its being genuine.30. To solve the energy problem, scientists will probably also try to make more use of solar energy.31. Though she had a good job in her country, Mary made up her mind to study abroad.32. The God will give happiness to whoever wants it.33. The heavy rain started suddenly, so we decided not go to the stadium.34. Fast-food restaurant are very popular in China because the service is fast and the food is inexpensive.35. Older men retire, and they make way for the younger men to take their places.36. From her I learned to tell the truth, to refrain from waste, to be considerate of the weak and respectful to the age.37.He came late, so he couldn’t see the f irst part of the movie.38. Not knowing the answer to such a curious question, we turned around and asked why.39. The population of China is larger than that of America.40.The pioneers started out bravely enough with a Mormon guide, but there was no trail marked and water hotels were scarce and the pioneers were always thirsty.41.Our school’s buildings are not as modern as those of your school.42.Though I’ve been away only for three years, I can hardly recognize my hometown.43.I’m surprised at your thinking Hong Kong as a dull place to live.44. Older men retire, and they make way for the younger men to take their places.45. If the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall go to the country.46.We are watering the flower, for we don’t have had any rain for two months.47. The baby cried out with anger until she saw her mother.48. Having read the book twice, he decided to write a report about it.49.My next door neighbor, a shy and quiet man and a member of the PC club, was once a police man.50. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in diamond, and yet can be so well controlled that it can be used in delicate eye operation.51. He went all the same in spite of the rain.52. On hearing the news, he rushed to the hospital.53. When it was during this past century, it has come to be endowed with a scientific meaning.54. When she was tired of walking, Helen sat down to take a little rest.55. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in diamond, and yet can be so well controlled that it can be used in delicate eye operations.56. From her I learned to tell the truth, to refrain from waste, to be considerate of the weak and respectful to the age.57. Mike is very happy today, for he received a letter from his girlfriend, Kathy, just now.58. In these restaurants, people stand at the counter, order their food, wait just a few minutes and carry the food to a table themselves.59. Having been weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no longer safe.60.In fact, any new source of energy will be very welcome, as / because there is already a shortage of petroleum.四、找出不相关句子。
英语写作手册
1.以下列各句为中心句扩写段落：I remember the day when I came to this university .In the morning ,myfather ,my mother and I took underground to my new school together .After we went into the school ,some old students helped us with the things in ourhands .While we walked in the school ,I saw many new views I have never seen before .Later we went to my dorm ,it is very nice .Then I saw my newroommates ,they are friendly.2.按下列题目写段话：How to make jiao-zi.I like eating jiao-zi and I will tell you how to make jiao-zi. First you make thedough by mixing water into the flour and press the dough with your hands till it is not sticky .Then mince the meat and any vegetable till they are mixed in a paste and add some spice such as ginger and onion and stir them evenly. Roll the dough with a round stick into small round pieces of wrappings, each two inches in diameter.The fourth step is to put the filling in the middle of a wrapping. Then press the wrapping tight and a jiao-zi is ready.3.按下列题目描写各处。
英语写作课后创意作业答案
英语写作课后创意作业答案### 英语写作课后创意作业答案1. 写作主题：我的家乡- 答案示例：- 家乡名称：Sunnyville- 地理位置：位于国家东部，靠近大海。
- 著名景点：Sunny Beach，每年吸引成千上万的游客。
- 家乡特色：以海鲜闻名，尤其是Sunnyville的海鲜市场。
- 个人情感：我热爱家乡的宁静与美丽，它总是让我感到温暖和舒适。
2. 写作任务：描述一个难忘的旅行经历- 答案示例：- 旅行地点：巴黎，法国- 旅行时间：2019年夏季- 旅行亮点：参观了埃菲尔铁塔和卢浮宫，品尝了地道的法式甜点。
- 个人感悟：这次旅行让我开阔了视野，也让我更加欣赏不同文化的魅力。
3. 写作练习：写一封信给你的笔友- 答案示例：- 收信人：Dear Alex,- 信件内容：很高兴收到你的来信，了解到你的生活和兴趣。
我最近参加了一个英语演讲比赛，获得了第二名，感到非常兴奋。
- 问候语：期待你的回信，祝你一切顺利。
- 结尾：Best regards, [你的名字]4. 写作挑战：创作一个短篇故事- 答案示例：- 故事 - 故事背景：在一个古老的小镇上，有一个传说，小镇的钟楼拥有神奇的力量。
- 主要人物：一个名叫Tom的小男孩，他发现了钟楼的秘密。
- 故事高潮：Tom在一次冒险中，意外地启动了钟楼的时间机器，经历了一次穿越时空的旅程。
- 结局：Tom最终回到了现实，但他学会了珍惜时间，并且更加热爱生活。
5. 写作技巧：使用比喻和拟人化来描述一个场景- 答案示例：- 场景描述：夕阳像一位慈祥的老人，缓缓地落下山丘，将天空染成了金色。
- 比喻使用：湖面上的波光粼粼，仿佛是星星落入了水中，闪烁着迷人的光芒。
- 拟人化描述：风轻轻地吹过树梢，树叶似乎在低语，讲述着古老的故事。
请注意，以上答案仅为示例，实际作业答案应根据具体题目要求和个人创意进行创作。
英语写作手册第三版课后答案part two
英语写作手册第三版课后答案part two1、Since we have _____ money left,we can't afford the expensive computer. [单选题] *A. a littleB. a fewC. little(正确答案)D. few2、I have a _____ every day to keep fit. [单选题] *A. three thousand meter walkB. three-thousands-meters walkC.three-thousand-meters walkD. three-thousand-meter walk(正确答案)3、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] *A. with the helpB. with helpC. with help ofD. with the help of(正确答案)4、I walked too much yesterday and （）are still aching now. [单选题] *A. my leg's musclesB. my leg muscles(正确答案)C. my muscles' of legD. my legs' muscles5、_____, Martin can reach the branch of that tall tree at the gate. [单选题] *A. As a short manB. Being shortC. As he is shortD. Short as he is(正确答案)6、Obviously they didn’t see the significance of the plan. That is（）the problem lies. [单选题] *A. where(正确答案)B. whyC. /D. how7、——Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? ——Im afraid（）of them is possible. [单选题] *A.neither(正确答案)B. eitherC. noneD.both8、7．—________ is the Shanghai Wild Animal Park?—It’s 15km east of the Bund. [单选题] * A．WhoB．WhatC．WhenD．Where (正确答案)9、—Would you like some milk?—Yes, just _____, please. [单选题] *A. a little(正确答案)B. littleC. a fewD. few10、Many young people like to _______ at weekends. [单选题] *A. eat out(正确答案)B. eat upC. eat onD. eat with11、We should _______ a hotel before we travel. [单选题] *A. book(正确答案)B. liveC. stayD. have12、The traffic jams often happen in _______ hours. [单选题] *A. lunchB. workC. leisureD. rush(正确答案)13、Almost every one of us could see her anxiety from the（）on her face. [单选题] *A. appearanceB. feelingC. movementD. expression(正确答案)14、We can see ______ stars at night if it doesn’t rain. [单选题] *A. a thousand ofB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of(正确答案)15、If you get _______, you can have some bread on the table. [单选题] *A. happyB. hungry(正确答案)C. worriedD. sad16、Though my best friend Jack doesn’t get（）education, he is knowledgeable. [单选题] *A. ManyB. littleC. fewD. much(正确答案)17、—______some nice crayons. I think they are ______.（）[单选题] *A. Here is; Betty’sB. Here are; BettyC. Here is; BettyD. Here are; Betty’s(正确答案)18、Mike and his friend are going to the _______ to see the new action movie tonight. [单选题] *A. book shopB. restaurantC. concertD. cinema(正确答案)19、He doesn’t smoke and hates women _______. [单选题] *A. smokesB. smokeC. smokedD. smoking(正确答案)20、______ pocket money did you get when you were a child? （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. HowC. How manyD. How much(正确答案)21、____ father is a worker. [单选题] *A.Mike's and Mary'sB. Mike and Mary's(正确答案)C. Mike's and MaryD. Mike and Marys'22、You can't rely on Jane as she is _____ changing her mind and you will never know what she is going to do next. [单选题] *A. occasionallyB. rarelyC. scarcelyD. constantly(正确答案)23、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] *A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went24、My brother often does ______ homework first after school.（）[单选题] *A. heB. his(正确答案)C. sheD. her25、It’s one of _______ means of transportation. [单选题] *A. cheapB. convenientC. second-handD. the most convenient(正确答案)26、There are trees on both sides of the broad street. [单选题] *A. 干净的B. 狭窄的C. 宽阔的(正确答案)D. 宁静的27、I_____you that I had made the right decision. [单选题] *A.ensuredB.insuredC.assured(正确答案)D.for sure28、—Why do you call him Mr. Know?—______ he knows almost everything that we want to know.（）[单选题] *A. SoB. OrC. ButD. Because(正确答案)29、I saw the boy _______?the classroom. [单选题] *A. enter intoB. enter(正确答案)C. to enter intoD. to enter30、We can _______ some information about this city on the Internet. [单选题] *A. look up(正确答案)B. look likeC. look afterD. look forward to。
英语写作2课后答案
英语写作2课后答案英语写作2 课后答案Unit 13.1) A person can look for a job in several ways.2) Penguins resemble human beings in many respects.3) One’s personality plays an important role in foreign language learning.4) Living in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages.4.Paragraph 1: All inventions are either basic inventions or improvements on earlier inventions. Paragraph 2: There was a serious accident in the chemistry lab yesterday.Paragraph 3: Nutritional deficiency is a major problem of the elderly.5.1) topic sentencesParagraph 1: The world had enjoyed many benefits from the invention of the telephone. Paragraph 2: I had a terrible morning today.2)sentences that do not support the topic sentence in the paragraphParagraph 1: Many people do not like writing letters to each other. And nowadays, the Internet has brought us more convenience.Paragraph 2: I heard that he was also very strict with his own children.6.Topic sentence: 5) Generally speaking, there are many attractions of living in a city.Logical sequence of the sentences: 5, 7, 4, 1, 6, 9, 8, 3, 2.7.(1) First of all(2) Secondly(3) By and by(4) In addition(5) In short8.1) repetition of key words : junk food, students2) use of transitional signals: for one reason, also, as a result, however3) use of pronouns: they, their, thisPart III Follow-up Exercises3.Topic sentence: When I was a child, we never varied our Christmas Eve ritual.1) , when 2) 3) As soon as 4) , 5) 6) Meanwhile, 7) Finally, 8) After 9), 10) and 11) Ad 12) , 13) Then 14) 15)4.Logical sequence of the sentences:4, 10, 5, 12, 3, 7, 15, 9, 14, 2, 11, 8, 13, 6, 1Topic sentence: My family spent two fun-filled days at Disney World last year.Concluding sentence: Although we were very tired at midnight, we agreed that our two-day vacation at Disney World was one of the best we had ever had.5.(1) Then (2) morning (3) afternoon (4) Then(5) After that (6) when (7) already (8) after6.The New Year celebration was so unforgettable for me when I was a child. Weeks before the New Year’s Day, my mother would let me help her send out New Year’s cards and go shopping with her. In the crowded markets, I bought firecrackers, like all the ot her kids. Then, beginning on New Year’s Eve, the sound of exploding firecrackers was everywhere, day and night. On New Year’s Day, I watched huge parades go by in the middle of the streets. People wearing costumes danced past us. Some o f them were playing instruments, some were having lion dances, and dragon dances.Afterwards, we worshiped our ancestors in a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them happy.3.logical sequence of the sentence: 3, 6, 1, 4, 7, 5, 2Relationship: Primarily, the organization of the paragraph represents movement in geographical space.4.1) in above in front of under through behind2) The central focus is “a shocking experience.” To support the main idea, the writer uses a lot of descriptions and organizes these details according to the space relationship, and thus coherence is achieved.5.(1) into(2) crosses(3) In the center of(4) Outside(5) inside(6) On the front(7) over(8) down(9) lined with(10) At the rear6.This paragraph is developed in a circular order, i.e. from east to north, and then to south3.1) Pattern: description with supplementary explanations.2) the tableSteps of the processStep 1 Wooden casks are first interconnected and then stacked in tiers.Step 2 Young sherries are poured into the casks at the top wheras the mature sherries are drawn out of the casks at the bottom.Step 3 Different sherries are constantly mixed up.Result of the effortStep 1 noStep 2 One third of the content is drawn out of one cask in any one year.Step 3 Special characteristics of the different sherries are maintained year after year.4.(1) with(2) while(3) slowly(4) Gradually(5) with(6) By this time(7) Suddenly8) final(9) ending(10) applause5.Task OneProcedures of celebrating the festival:Step 1: Prepare and lay out food; make the special lanterns.Step 2: Keep dancing and singing overnight.Step 3: Throw the food and lanterns into a river or sea.Step 4: Watch the lanterns drifting way.Linking words and phrases that connect these procedures: Firstly, also, afterward, then, signals the endTask TwoA Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is firstly prepared and laid out for them. Also prepared and specially made are the lanterns, which are hung outside each house to helpthe dead to find their way. Afterward people keep dancing and singing all night long till the early morning. Then the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns, which had been hung in the streets the night before, are placed into the water. This signals the end of the festival. Thousands of lanterns then slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle, for crowds ofpeople stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more.6.According to the Chinese Lunar calendar, the 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the day for the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the day usually falls on one of the days in the latter half of Septem ber. For this occasion people need to buy moon cakes in advance. And when that evening comes with a full moon rising, Chinese families begin to have a big dinner together. The family members enjoy many delicacies, including sweet or salty moon cakes as well as some special food like taros and young soy beans. For those who are absent from the family, moon cakes have already been s ent to them days before. When the family enjoy all of these, they will look up at the full moon, ch atting or missing their faraway relatives or friends. For them, the full moon symbolizes “reunion.”Such feelings and scenes are fully expressed by a Chinese saying: the moon at home is exceptiona lly brighter.3.1) Paragraph A follows Pattern 2, which uses one extended example to illustrate the controlling idea. Paragraph B follows Pattern 1, which uses several examples to illustrate the topic sentence.2)The outline for paragraph B:Topic sentence: Working in an apple plant was the worst job I ever had.Examples:1. First of all, the work was physically hard.Specific details:1) For ten hours a night, I took cartons that rolled down a metal track and stacked them onto wooden skids in a tractortrailer.2) Each carton contained twelve 32-ounce cans or bottles of apple juice, and they were heavy.2. The second bad feature of the job was the pay.Specific details:I was getting the minimum wage at that time, $1.25 an hour, plus a minimum of a nickel extra for working the night shift.3. The worst feature of the apple plant job was the working conditions.Specific details:1) During work we were limited to two 10-minute breaks and an unpaid half-hour for lunch.2) The steel floors of the trucks were like ice; the quickly penetrating cold made my feet feel like stone.Concluding sentence: I felt humiliated by the poverty that forced me to do such a bitter job.4.Logical sequence of the sentences:3, 6, 1, 8, 2, 4, 7, 5,Pattern: It follows Patten 1 and uses many examples to illustrate the controlling idea.5.(1) For example (2) Furthermore (3) In still another instance(4) Even (5) his (6) these (7) contemporary6.Examples 2, 3 and 5 are relevant and specific. They are effective examples that can be used. Examples 1 and 7 are not specific, though relevant.Examples 4 and 6 are completely irrelevant. They don’t refer to a Massac husetts law.7.1) Topic sentence: I’ve never seen a girl as lazy as Arena.2) Topic sentence: English teachers are applying different means to teach English language.3) Topic sentence: Americans have been decreasing their working hours since the early 1900s.4) Topic sentence: My father has been a generous man to his children.3.Subject: RepublicClass: a form of governmentCharacteristics: in which power resides in the people (the electorate)Subject: WolfClass: a large, dog-like carnivorous mammalCharacteristics: with yellowish or brownish gray and coarse fur, erect pointed ears, and a bushy tailSubject: JazzClass: a style of musicCharacteristics: that features improvisation and performance Subject: persistenceClass: a kind of qualityCharacteristics: not giving up even during rough times4.1), 2) The expression “is where” and “is when” should not be used to begin the main part of a definition. The linking verb “is” sho uld be followed by a noun, a pronoun or an adjective. Improved: 1) A stadium is a structure or building in which sports spectaculars are held.2) Socialism is a theory or system of community organizationthat advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production, capital, land and so forth, in the community as a whole.3) This is a circular definition, a practice of defining a term with the term itself.Improved: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use the energy of light to produce compounds, such as sugar and starch, from a number of substances including water and carbon dioxide.4) The subject is defined in a language equally or more complex than the original.Improved: Surreptitious means “secret.”5) Exemplification is mistaken for definition; the examples are good for clarification, but they do not define.Improved: Political conservatives are people who are dedicated to preserving the existing conditions, such as WilliamF. Buckley, Jr., and Pat Robertson.6) It is a generalization rather than a precise definition, for the concept is defined with characteristics without being first put under a class or category.Improved: Hearing aids are a kind of device which enables deaf people to hear sounds such as normal speech.5.Task OneLogical sequence of the sentences: 2, 1, 3, 5, 4, 6,Task Three-- The purpose of the paragraph is to explain a Spanish word which has no exact English equivalent.-- The two main characteristics of machismo are courageous behavior and earthy sexuality.-- “Also” is the transitional word that leads you from the first characteristic to the second one.6.a) Members of all social classes and people of all ages consider rude behaviors to be socially unacceptable, but the standard has changed over the years. For my grandmother, who was born before the turn of the century, it was rude to start eating before everyone else was served. It was also very rude for children or younger people to interrupt older people when they were speaking. For my dad, who grew up during the Depression and the Second World war, it was rude not to say hello to a clerk in the store, and he thought my brothers and I were rude when we made unfavorable remarks about him.b) Today, rudeness is not just a matter of forgetting small courtesies. Rudeness is also being impatient and pushy. When people cut into my lane when I am driving or shove in front of me in line, I get very angry.3.1) pattern: single effect and multiple causes.2) causes(1) got drunk at the party(2) had taken the drug of Accutane(3) adolescent depressionEffect:Bart Jr’s suicide4.Logical sequence of the sentences:2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5,Pattern of cause and effect:single effect and multiple causes.5.Task one.Topic: Society itself may be producing the distortions of personality, mental illness, and emotional instability.Causes1) society’s compartmentalizing2) society’s competitive demands3) inability to rebelEffectDistortions of personality, etc.3..1) Topic: University Students’ EntertainmentTo pic sentence: University students’ entertainment can be divided into three categories according to where it takes place.Division:a) entertainment at homeb) entertainment on campusc) entertainment elsewhere2) Topic: Roles of Young Married Women in SocietyTopic sentence: The average young married woman in today’s society has her life divided into three different roles.Division:a) the role of lifeb) the role of motherc) the role of self3) Topic: NeighborsTopic sentence: Neighbors fall into three categories according to their different attitudes towards you.Division:a) those who are friendlyb) those who are indifferentc) those who hate you4.1) Out: firm, single basis: size2) Out: fatigue, single basis: field3) Out: Baptism, single basis: branch4) Out: seashore, single basis: time5..Logical sequence of the sentences:7, 3, 10, 9, 1, 5, 8 ,4, 2 ,11, 6,Subject: Christmas giftsTopic sentence: Christmas gifts can be divided into three groups, according to their after-Christmas fate.Division:a) those that are welcomed and put into use very soonb) those that are halfway between being hated and lovedc) those that you banish as soon as possible.Concluding sentence: By New Year’s Day, you have either used, stored or disposed of each of your Christmas gifts.6.(1) types (2) Though (3) Finally (4) however (5) Even though (6) Before (7) third (8) If(9) Then (10) these3.Pattern: point-by-pointSubject 1: Western HomesPoint:Room function: Each room has its own function.Table: Each home has several tables for different functions. Door: Western homes have fixed, hinged doors.Subject 2: Japanese HomesPoint:Room function: One room serves all the functions.Table: One low table serves all the purposes.Door: Japanese homes have lightweight sliding doors.4.Logical sequence of the sentences:5, 3, 6, 2, 4, 8, 7, 1Pattern of comparison and contrast: subject by subject5. Put the following words in the blanks; some can be used twice. (1) similar (2) although (3) difference (4) identical (5) again (6) while (7) But (8) difference (9) consistency (10) completely6.3.General Statement: The enormous importance of television news had started the process of change in the printed press.4.Paragraph one:At present, there has been profound change in mass media. In the magazine industry, for example, mass magazines have routinely been replaced by magazines aimed at very specific audience. Suburban, community, and neighborhood newspapers have boomed, while many large metropolitan newspapers have declined. Movies have gone after particular audiences and tastes. Mini-theaters attract small audiences. Network radio has been superseded by AM and FM stations aimed at very specific audiences. The CB radio boom is an example of the success of an extremely personal form of communication. Television is headed in the same direction. That can mean something for everyone—and an endless string of choices. In brief, each medium is moving toward more and more specialization.Paragraph Two:How have advertisements aff ected people’s lives?Radio commercials get millions of teenagers to shop for the products made “exclusively” for them. Similarly, magazine, advertisements, showing gorgeous models dressed in the latest style, convince women that they must buy a new wardrobe in order to remain fashionable. And newspapers, too, are filled with ads which stress the need to “buy now at bargain prices” everything form pills to major household appliances. Finally, TV programs, also, are interrupted every five minutes with commercials urging people to try a new detergent, to compare their brand of cigarettes with another, or to drink a different kind of beer. Thus, mass media advertising serves mass production by getting people to buy, buy and buy.5.A. Programs on TV tend to have a high level of maturity.(1) fostering maturity at early age or hindering maturity(2) misleading children to imitating scenes on TVB. TV serials or dramas may oversimplify complex social and psychological problems.(1) enjoying simple-minded soap operas and stereotyped characters(2) giving a false picture of realityC. Informative and cultural programs are frequently interrupted by vulgar advertising.(1) too many commercials(2) an insult even to the intelligence of a moronGeneralization: In brief, it is harmful and damaging forchildren to watch too much television.6.(1) Thus (2) When (3) also (4) however(5) Moreover (6) indeed (7) also (8) Yet(9) and (10) Thus3.The description centers on one trait of personality: Uncle Amo’s being ordinary and average in life.4.There are obviously three methods used: comparison (1), generalization (2, 4), and cause-effect3.4.1) For example, some people don’t like to stay at home after work.2) I once stopped drinking for a while.3) The world we live in is changing every day.4) And the price of tobacco has been going up on the international market.5) A lot of people have successfully given up smoking now.5.1) The thesis statement is “there are minor differences between them in three areas.” It is the second sentence in the first paragraph.3)By repetition of key words: difference, British English,American English.By using transitional words and phrases: in terms of, in addition to, second, third, generally speaking.6.Task One(1) usually (2) often (3) Since (4) on the other hand(5) also (6) but (7) AlthoughTask Two3.Sentences that tell: 1, 3, 6 Sentences that show: 2, 4, 55.Logical sequence of the sentences: 8, 3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 13, 2, 6, 12, 4, 11, 106.(1) While(2) in the morning(3) in the evening(4) While(5) until(6) while(7) before(8) at six o’clock(9) As soon as(10) Unfortunately(11) What’s more(12) After(13) the next morning(14) later(15) Luckily(16) until(17) at last3. Conclusion4.We used to go sled riding down in curving garden paths.Once my father wanted to buy the house and fix it up.In nice weather, we played pirates and outlaws in the lilac bushes.It was the favorite place to play in our neighborhood.5. 3, 2, 7, 1, 8, 5, 6, 46.1) cozy 2) soft 3) On one side of4) Next to 5) muted 6)On the other side of7) nap 8) orange 9) lighted 10)sizzling7.1) The writer employs the spatial order in his description.The opening sentence presents an image of both ends of the table, with the rest of the description organized from these points in space. Sentence 2 shows the progression of objects from the ends of the table to the center. Sentence 3 focuses on the objects in the middle of the table. Thus the reader can visualize the scene very vividly.2) The prepositional phrases of location and direction are:at one end of the table, at the other end of the table, on a bed of creased paper, round its shin, beside this, between these rival ends, on which lay bunches of purple raisins, on which lay a solid rectangle of Smyrna figs, in which stood some tall celery stalks, in the center of the table3) The verbs used are primarily static verbs, like “to be,”“lay,” and “stood,” which reinforce the spatial pattern and contribute to the central impression. They are effective for the purpose as the point of view is that of an observer who is close to the scene being described.3. Thesis statement : If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, areaffected by colors unconsciously.Organizational structureParagraph 1: Introduction/Thesis statementParagraph 2: Supporting paragraphTopic: discoveries of manufacturersExamples: sugar, foods and cosmeticsParagraph 3: Supporting paragraphTopic: discoveries of experimentsExamples: red, blue, yellowParagraph 4: Conclusion: result of the discoveries4.1) The thesis statement is “Bones can provide archaeologists with a valuable method ofmeasuring time.” It is the first sentence in the first paragraph.2) The purpose is to inform.Methods of development :a) process of calcium collection in bones over long times;b) scientific deduction from the change in bones;c) example to support the thesis.3) Unity: by introducing the thesis ( information ) in the first paragraph, and explaining the keypoints involved in the information ( i.e. what calcium andcalcium-9 in bones are and how they come into being ) and how scientists can make use of them in the second paragraph, and finally citing an example to confirm the truth of the information.Coherence:a) by repetition of key words: bones, method, calcium, calcium,calcium-9, archaeologistsb) by use of transitional words and phrases: while, when, because, in comparisonto , actually, little by little5.1) confirmed 2) findings 3) than 4) Whereas 5) as6) if 7) together 8) lead to 9) where 10) adults6.Purpose: to inform drivers that they should keep the four-second rule instead of the two-second rule on highways in order to avoid collision or pileups.Topic 11) Most multiple-car pileups occur at speeds over 55 miles per hour.2) Their drivers may observe the famous two-second rule.3) This rule means to keep two seconds of traveling time behind the vehicle ahead. Topic 2 ( also thesis ): On highways drivers should use the four-second rule, not the two-second。
《美国大学英语写作》课后习题答案(PART_1)
A NSWER KEYPart One: Essay Writing1 An Introduction to WritingActivity (Point and Support in a Paragraph), pages 5–6Point:There are drawbacks to moviegoing.Support: 1. Inconvenienceb. Long time to find parking spot and long walk to theaterd. Sticky floor3. Other moviegoersa. Running kidsb. Laughing, shouting teenagersActivity (Introductory Paragraph), 81. c2. b3. a4. a. Inconvenience of going outb. Temptations of the theaterc. Behavior of some patronsActivity (Body: Supporting Paragraphs), 9–101. To begin with, I just don’t enjoy the general hassle of the evening.2. b. Parking lot is always jammedd. Tickets may sell out, and theater is crowdede. Tickets cost up to $8 each3. Second, the theater offers tempting snacks that I really don’t need.4. b. 2) chocolate bars3) Milk Duds5. Many of the other patrons are even more of a problem than the concession stand.6. a. Little kids race up and down the aislesb. Teenagers talk back to the screen, whistle, make funny noisesActivity (Concluding Paragraph), 101. a2. cReview Activities, 18–20Answers will vary.2 The Writing ProcessActivities (Freewriting, Questioning, Making a List, Clustering, Scratch Outline), 25–31 Answers will vary.-Activity (Writing a First Draft), 331. thesis 5.specific2. first 6.bs3. equiped (other answers are possible)7. conclusion4. second and thirdActivity (Revising with a Second Draft), 36–371. Second 5. watching what I keep in the house2. however 6. comfortable seats3. unity . . . My friends are as bad as I am. 7. As4. support . . . snacks like celery and carrot 8. jump into my handssticks . . . no ice cream in the freezer . . . 9. disgusteddripping with butter . . . risk pulling outmy fillings as I chewActivity (Taking a Writing Inventory), 39–40Answers will vary.Activity (Prewriting), 41–43L, Q, SO, C, FActivity 1 (Outlining), 43–451. Thesis:My high school had three problem areas.a. Students(1) Involved with drugs(2) Formed cliquesb. Teachers(1) Unwilling to help after class(2) Much too strictc. Buildings(1) Leaky ceilings(2) Ill-equipped gym2. Thesis:Working as a dishwasher in a restaurant was my worst job.a. Working conditions(1) Heat in kitchen(2) Noisy work areab. Hours(1) Ten-hour shifts(2) Hours changed every week-c. Pay(1) Minimum wage(2) No bonus for overtime3. Thesis: Joining an aerobics class has many benefits.a. Social benefits(1) Make new friends(2) Meet interesting instructorsb. Mental benefits(1) Reduces mental stress(2) Improves self-imagec. Physical benefits(1) Strengthens heart(2) Tones muscles4. Thesis: My favorite times in school were the days before holiday vacations.a. Lighter workload(1) Less work in class(2) Less homeworkb. Friendlier atmosphere(1) Teachers more relaxed(2) Students happy about vacationc. Special events(1) Pep rallies(2) Holiday concertsActivity 2 (Outlining), 45–47Thesis:More and more, the inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings.First topic sentence:T he world of business is one area in which technology is isolating us.Support: 2. Workers’ salaries are automatically credited to their bank accounts.3. Personal banking is becoming a detached process.a. Customers interact with machines rather than people.b. Some loans are accepted or rejected by computers, not loan officers. Second topic sentence: Another area that technology is changing is entertainment. Support: 1. For many people now, music is a solitary experience.2. Fewer people go out to watch movies.Third topic sentence:Education is a third important area in which technology is separating us from others.Support: 1. Students sit alone in front of computers.2. Students use software at home instead of interacting with others.3. Videotapes are replacing class instruction.Activity (Revising), 47–482, 1, 4, 33 The First and Second Steps in Essay WritingActivity (Writing a Good Thesis), 50–51List 1 List 22 Teachers3 Bicyclesl Education 4 Dangers of bike riding3 Math teacher l Recreation5 My high school math 2 Recreational vehiclesteacher was incompetent. 5 Bike riding in the city is a4 High school math teacher dangerous experience.List 3 List 41 Retail companies 3 Camping2 Supermarkets 4 First camping trip4 Dealing with customers 2 Summer vacation3 Working in a supermarket 5 My first camping trip was a 5 I’ve learned how to handle disastrous experience.unpleasant supermarket customers. l VacationsActivity (Common Errors in Writing a Thesis), 53A. 1. TBB. 6. 22. TN 7. A3. TB 8. 24. TN 9. A5. TB 10. 2Activity (Support the Thesis with Specific Evidence), 54–55Answers for this activity will vary; a possible third point for each outline is listed below.1. c. Learning new rules and procedures 4. c. Save money2. c. Sense of humor 5. c. Long hours3. c. Too cold in the winter 6. c. Worry about financesActivity (The Importance of Specific Details), 57S 1. The paragraph lists specific precautions: getting a permit and buyingpressure-treated lumber.X 2. What kinds of things did the writer do wrong? What specific rules were enforced?How did this parent punish the writer?S 3 The paragraph lists specific examples of items that should not be improved:cheesecake and jeans.X 4. What kinds of problems does the dog have? How does the dog misbehave when the owners are away? How did the owners try to train the dog?Activity 1 (The Importance of Adequate Details), 58Answers are given in the text after the activity.Activity (Identifying the Parts of an Essay), 61Thesis statement: 4Topic sentence of first supporting paragraph: 5Topic sentence of second supporting paragraph: 15Topic sentence of third supporting paragraph: 22First sentence of the conclusion: 34Activity 1 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 61–62 Activity 2 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 621. A a. 1. TN a.OKb. OK b.2. OK a. 2. TN a.Ab. OK b.3. OK a. 3. TN a.Ab. OK b.4.A a. 4. OK a.OKb. TN b.5.A a. 5. OK a.OKb. TN b.Activity 3 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 62–63 Activity 4 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 631. TB a. 1. OK a.OKb. 2 b.2.TB a. 2. 2 a.OKb. OK b.3. OK a. 3. OK a.TBb. 2 b.4. TB a. 4. 2 a.OK b.OK b.5. TB a. 5. 2 a.OK b.OK b.Activity (Completing Thesis Statements), 64Answers for this activity will vary; a possible third point of development for each thesis statement is listed below.1. science. 6. coach2. to be enthusiastic. 7. we were emotionally immature.3. my boyfriend. 8. manners4. money. 9. my relationships with others.5. breaks down regularly. 10. the time I dented my friend’s car.Activity (Writing a Thesis Statement), 65Answers may vary slightly.1. The cars I’ve owned have reflected the changes in my personality.2. Attending a two-year college has several advantages.3. I have tried several ways to give up snacks.4. Halloween is not all fun.5. Three factors contributed to my heart attack.Activity 1 (Limiting a Topic and Writing a Thesis), 66Answers will vary; a possible thesis for each limited subject is listed below.1. Sharing an apartment with a roommate helped me adjust to a new city.2. Deciding to be less critical of your spouse can help a marriage.3. My mother’s tidiness drives us crazy.4. Fast-food restaurants are cheaper, cleaner, and friendlier than other restaurants.5. My cousin Myra has several bad driving habits.6. Regular exercise can help ease emotional problems.7. Do-it-yourself repairs always end up costing me more money than they’re supposed to.8. The free-agent system has made baseball a big business, not a sport.9. Being a single parent can be exhausting, frustrating, and intimidating.10. Noise pollution is a growing problem in our city.Activity 2 (Limiting a Topic and Writing a Thesis), 67Answers will vary; some possible limited subjects and thesis statements are listed below.1. Exotic animals as petsPeople should not be allowed to keep exotic animals as pets.2. Teens and birth controlParents should be notified if their daughters visit a birth control clinic.3. The new season’s TV programmingThe new television programs are carbon copies of last year’s successful shows.4. Computerized officesComputers in offices are creating new health problems for employees.5. Major fields of studyChoosing a major does not have to be done blindly.6. House callsDoctors should be compelled to make house calls.7. Summer vacationsSummer is the worst time of year to take a vacation.8. BarbecuingThere are three kinds of people who will be found behind a barbecue grill.9. Children’s allowancesGetting an allowance teaches a child to be responsible, mature, and thrifty.10. Christmas shoppingOne year I made the mistake of doing my Christmas shopping months in advance. Activity (Providing Specific Evidence), 68–69Answers will vary; some possibilities are listed below.1. Guests arrived two hours late; roast was burned; host and hostess got into a huge fight2. Collects dead frogs, birds, and worms; loves to dunk pizza in his chocolate milk; combs hishair with his toothbrush3. Too tired; too hungry; too disorganized4. Chose my friends for me; chose my clothes for me; chose my college for me5. Baby-sitting, gardening, baking cookies6. New ignition, new brakes, new heater7. Cat got sick; kids got sick; roof started to leak8. Slept at his desk; gave six hours of homework per night; had a nasty temperActivity (Identifying Adequate Supporting Evidence), 69–70AD 1.U 2. What are specific examples of how people are thoughtless to pets? What are the particular needs of pets that may be ignored? Examples might include bathing animals regularly,treating them for fleas, helping them stay cool in summer, exercising them, andproviding a nutritious diet.U 3. What are specific examples of shows that are of little interest to people? Exactly how would commercials be changed? How would network news be made more interesting?Examples might include the names of shows (situation comedies, game shows, and soon) that aren’t popular. Commercials might be changed by eliminating repetitiousjingles or celebrity endorsements (using examples of current commercials).AD 4.U 5. What are examples of how the woman was set in her ways? What did she say about the kind of hairdo she wanted? For example, the woman might have rejected any suggestionsother than the style she was used to. What did the writer do that was unsuccessful?And how did the woman seem to indicate that the writer was not doing what shewanted? For instance, she might have shook her head or sighed every time the writerattempted to please her.Activity (Adding Details to Complete an Essay), 70–73Answers will vary; possible supporting details are included in the paragraphs below.First of all, with no television to compete for our time, we found plenty of hours for personal interests. We all read more that week than we had read during the six months before. Dad introduced Mom to his favorite mystery writer—Dorothy Sayers—and it was pleasant to see them sitting on the sofa together, each one absorbed in a book. Luella, serious as always, read novels by Charles Dickens, while I settled modestly for the daily newspapers. W e each also enjoyed some hobbies we had ignored for ages. M om and Dad did crossword puzzles together, Lu dusted off her stamp collection, and I finished knitting the sweater I had started last September. I n addition, my sister and I both stopped procrastinating with our homework. Instead of putting off our English and math assignments until our favorite shows were over, we tackled them right after supper and found that, without the sound of the TV blaring in our ears, we could do them in a couple of hours—far more quickly than we expected.Second, we did chores that had been hanging over our heads for too long. There were many jobs around the house that had needed attention for some time. Mom fixed a faucet that had been dripping for weeks while Dad patched the cracked plaster in the dining room. Lu and I cleaned our closets, finding records, tapes, and magazines that had been missing for months. By the end of the week, the house was in tidier shape than it had been since we moved in. We also had a chance to do some long-postponed shopping. Mom and Dad picked out a new sofa for the den; Lu bought some new books, and I went through a whole stack of catalogs and finished all my Christmas shopping by mail. And each of us also did some letter writing or other paperwork that was long overdue.Mom and Dad struggled with this year’s income tax forms, Lu wrote to Johnny, a friend she met at Spirit Lake last summer, and I wrote a thank-you note to Aunt Elsie for letting me stay with her during my weekend in New York City last month.Finally, and probably most important, we spent time with each other. Instead of being in the same room together while we stared at a screen, we actually talked for many pleasant hours. Mom told us about the programming project she has been doing at work, and we had fun planning the trip to Boston we are going to take this summer. Moreover, for the first time in years my family played some games together. We played several games of Scrabble, and we even got out the Monopoly set and played a game following the rules our family has made up over the years. And because we didn’t have to worry about missing this or that show, we had some family friends over a couple of evenings and spent an enjoyable time with them. We were glad to see how much the Overholt children had grown, and Joe and Sandy Ciprianni kept us laughing all evening with their stories about fixing up the old house they bought.4 The Third Step in Essay WritingFill-ins (Common Methods of Organization), 75–76The topic sentences in the essay use the words To begin with, Next, and Finally to help show time order.The paragraph uses the following words to help show time order: Next, first, Then, After, and Finally.The topic sentences in the essay use the words For one thing, In addition, and Most important to help show emphatic order.The words Worst of all are used to mark the most emphatic detail in the paragraph.Activity (Common Methods of Organization), 77A. 1. time orderB. time; emphatic; time; emphatic2. emphatic order3. combination of time and emphatic orderActivity (Transitions), 78–801. Addition signals: One, Also, Another2. Time signals:After,First, Next, Finally3. Space signals:N ext [to], To the right, Near4. Change-of-direction signals:But, however5. Illustration signals:For example, such as6. Conclusion signals:Finally, thereforeActivity (Transitional Sentences), 81Answers may vary slightly.In addition to teaching me about the importance of family support, my parents taught me the value of hard work.Along with the value of hard work, my parents emphasized the benefits of a good education. Activity (Other Connecting Words), 831. four times2. he3. iron range; throbbing swellings; frigidActivity (Introductory Paragraph), 86-87 Activity (Concluding Paragraph), 891. B Starting with an opposite 1. P/R2. F Quotation 2. Q3. A General to narrow 3. SActivity (Titles), 90–91Answers will vary; examples of titles are given below.1. Choosing McDonald’s2. A Diner at Midnight3. Audiences at Rock ConcertsActivity 1 (Organizing Through Time Order), 91–931. 12. 33. 13 132 2 2Activity 2 (Organizing Through Emphatic Order), 95–961. 22. 33. 21 1 33 2 1Activity (Providing Transitions), 93–94First of all, there are the people . . .For example, there are the ones . . .Another type of nervous . . .However, neither of these . . .A second category of people . . .On the contrary, they feel compelled . . .As a result, no one hears . . .After they have been to the theater . . .Then they will start . . .Last of all, there are the people who talk . . .In addition, it is impossible . . .But if ever I am granted . . .Activity (Identifying Transitions and Other Connecting Words), 95–96S 1. T 9.P 2. RW 10.T 3. S 11.S 4. T 12.P 5. P 13.RW 6. RW 14.P 7. T 15.P 8.Activity (Completing Transitional Sentences), 96–97Thesis 1:After making certain that your house conforms to state regulations, you must obtain legal permits . . .Finally, once you have the necessary legal permits, you can begin to advertise . . .Thesis 2:In addition to saving me money, watching the game at home is more comfortable than sitting in astadium . . .Even more important than cost and comfort, though, is the technology which makes a televised game better than the “real thing.”. . .Activity (Identifying Introductions and Conclusions), 97-99Pair 1:D Incident or storyI Prediction or recommendationPair 2:E Question(s)G Summary and final thoughtPair 3:F QuotationG Summary and final thought5 The Fourth Step in Essay WritingActivity (Use Parallelism), 101–102Answers may vary slightly.1. The novelty store sells hand buzzers, plastic fangs, and fake insects.2. Many people share the same three great fears: being in high places, working with numbers,and making speeches.3. To decide on a career, people should think closely about their interests, hobbies, and skills.4. At the body shop, the car was sanded down to the bare metal, painted with primer, andsprayed with red enamel.5. In order to become a dancer, Lola is taking lessons, working in amateur shows, andauditioning for professional companies.6. Juan’s last job offered security; his new job offers a better chance for advancement.7. People in today’s world often try to avoid silence, whether on the job, in school, or athome.’s respect.8. Because the dying woman was dignified and courageous, she won everyone9. The politician trusted no one, rewarded loyalty, and depended only on his own instincts.10. If we’re not careful, we’ll leave the next generation polluted air, contaminated water, anddying forests.Activity (Consistency with Verbs), 1031. arrive arrived 6. floatedfloats2. asks asked 7. grabsgrabbed3. sliced slices 8.swooped swoops4. went goes 9.recharged recharge5. tips tipped 10. burnsburnedActivity (Consistency with Pronouns), 104–1051. your their health 6. you I canown2. you I never know 7. you herindigestion3. youwe have if youwe 8. you we don’t dare4. their its aggressive 9. we they canlearn5. one you should plan 10. one you shoulddressActivity 1 (Use Specific Words), 106–107Answers will vary; following are examples.1. Potato chips, pretzels, and salted peanuts . . .2. . . . papers, books, and magazines . . .3. . . . a TV, a CD player, and a computer.4. The comics, the sports pages, the obituaries, and the society page . . .5. . . .my throat, my ears, and my lungs . . .Activity 2 (Use Specific Words), 107–108Answers will vary; following are examples.1. The rusty old Buick sputtered, whined, and refused to start.2. The mathematics final was filled with tricky, baffling problems.3. Little Robbie was so exhausted that he could scarcely keep his eyes open.4. My cluttered, jumbled, dusty bedroom needs to be swept out, scrubbed, and reorganized.5. A broken-down city bus blocked Main Streetand stopped traffic for an hour.Activity (Use Active Verbs), 1091. The typical American diet includes many unhealthy foods.2. Hundreds of biting ants invaded the family picnic.3. Doctors use antibiotics to treat many infections.4. A drunk driver caused the fatal traffic accident.5. The instructor will determine final grades on the basis of class performance.Activity (Use Concise Words), 110–111Answers will vary.1. I will conclude by summarizing my major points.2. Every day, parents must control their children’s television watching.3. I am shy.4. Magazine advertising contains clever hidden messages.5. My worst mistake last week was to hurt my brother’s feelings and not apologize.6. In today’s uncertain economy, the middle class finds it hard to save.7. We liked last night’s television show, but our parents didn’t.8. The school district canceled classes because of the bad weather.9. I regret not having studied word processing in high school.10. People are harmed by emotional as well as by physical abuse.Activity (Revise by Adding a Second Complete Thought), 112–1131. . . . sandwiches, for he is allergic . . .2. . . . sleep, but the thought . . .3. . . . bakery, and it has . . .4. . . . soggy, for rainwater had . . .5. . . . present, so I offered . . .Activity (Revise by Adding a Dependent Thought), 114–115Answers may vary.1. Because I had forgotten to lock the front door, I . . .2. When the bear turned over the rotten log, fat . . .3. After Kevin had sent away for a set of tools, he . . .4. Because some people are allergic to wool, they . . .5. Even though an older woman in my typing class can type almost one hundred words aminute, she . . .Activity (Revise by Beginning with a Special Opening Word or Phrase), 1161. Reluctantly, Shirley signed the repair contract.2. To improve their chances of promotion, the interns volunteered to work overtime.3. During the trial, the accused murderer grinned at the witnesses.4. Crowded with nervous pets, the vet’s office was noisy and confusing.5. Trying to find something worth watching, Barry flipped from channel to channel.Activity (Revise by Placing Adjectives or Verbs in a Series), 117–118Answers may vary.1. The baby toddled across the rug, picked up a button, and put the button in his mouth.2. Brown, foul-tasting water dribbled out of the rusty metal tap.3. By 6 A.M., I had read the textbook chapter, taken notes on it, studied the notes, and drunkeight cups of coffee.4. The exterminator approached the large, papery wasps’ nests hanging under the old woodeneaves.5. Slim brown reeds bordered the stagnant green pond.Activity (Proofreading), 120–1211. 2 6.-112. 4 7.133. 5 8.144. 6 9.165. 9 10.17Corrections (methods of correction may vary):1. an ashtray which I made 6. my father, whosmoked2. the pride I felt when I presented 7. bright purple, myfavorite color3. a shelf; it is a remarkably 8. its rim; they arecolored neon green.4. circle. Unfortunately, 9. love me, Ilook5. or cigar, so I made 10. ugly ashtray;the answerReview Test 1 (Using Parallelism), 1221. filled with suspense suspenseful 6. selling toys toysalesperson2. furniture for the office 7. food on thetable putting food on the tableoffice furniture 8. to cramcramming3. my kitchen working in my kitchen 9. bags are put on them bagged(or:put into bags)4. preparing to prepare 10. with friendlinessas well and his friendliness5. being kind kindnessReview Test 2 (Using Parallelism), 1231. to buy buying 6. werewhispering whispered2. shows on science science shows 7. to start starting3. porch furniture that was rotted 8. pay that is good goodpayrotting porch furniture 9. was putting put 4. her shirt was torn a torn shirt 10. losing lost5. takingtake (or:climbing . . . taking)Review Test 1 (Using a Consistent Point of View), 1241. is was taken 6. getsgot the chicken2. are were not on the same shelf 7. realizes realized itcontained3. proceeds proceeded slowly. 8. transfers transferredthe groceries,4. decides decided to pick up 9. notices noticed that thebarbecued chicken5. parks parked his shopping cart 10. says said to the clerk, Review Test 2 (Using a Consistent Point of View), 1251. you they work. 6. one I canmeet2. you I could hear 7. were toyou me.3. you we are supposed 8. you I drive4. one I must complete 9. you they haveturned in5. you he could not tell 10. and asked to helpyou her.Review Test 1 (Using Specific Words), 126Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. . . . I felt sad, angry, and worried.2. The lukewarm soup, stale sandwiches, and limp salads . . .3. Ants, moths, and spiders . . .4. . . . it rained nonstop, with a bone-chilling wind.5. . . . a broken arm, two broken ribs, and a concussion.Review Test 2 (Using Specific Words), 127Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. The haughty, scowling salesman told us not to waste his time with stupid questions.2. Betty dug her fists into her eyes and shook with sobs.3. The third game of the World Series was a tense pitchers’ duel.4. The airport lounge was thronged with holiday travelers.5. The woman in the front seat was muttering to herself and trembling.Review Test (Using Active Verbs), 1281. The health inspector closed the pizza restaurant.2. The workers in the library sorted huge stacks of donated books.3. A virus infected my computer.4. Oil companies will not increase gasoline prices this winter.5. Our airplanes dropped high-powered bombs onto enemy bases.6. The telephone company placed an additional charge on our phone bill.7. A group of vandals damaged the community center.8. Physical activity, meditation, and relaxation relieve stress.9. The federal government will raise taxes to pay for highway improvements.10. Studies show that watching violent TV programs increases violent behavior.Review Test 1 (Using Concise Words), 129Answers may vary; examples are shown.1. I finally decided to look for a new job.2. Because her printer was out of paper, Renee went to buy some.3. Tamika realized suddenly that her date had stood her up.4. Our teacher does not yet know if she will return next year.5. The salesperson advised us to wait until the price dropped before buying our computer. Review Test 2 (Using Concise Words), 130Answers may vary; examples are shown.1. Our company allows two fifteen-minute coffee breaks.2. Your line of credit has been increased.3. I prefer candy to fruit. (Or:I think candy tastes better than fruit.)4. Lynn rarely admits that she has made a mistake.5. Many people think that children should, by law, attend school until age sixteen.Review Test 1 (Varying Your Sentences), 131Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. Sophie had repaired her broken watchband with a paper clip, but the clip snapped and thewatch slid off her wrist.2. The physical therapist watched as Julie tried to stand on her weakened legs and theycrumpled under her.3. Although there were parking spaces on the street, Richie pulled into an expensive garagebecause he did not want to risk damage to his new car.4. Speeding, the brown truck skidded on some ice and almost hit a startled young policeofficer.5. A sudden terrible rainstorm flooded our basement, knocked slates off the roof, anduprooted a young tree.Review Test 2 (Varying Your Sentences), 132–133Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. When a sudden cold front hit the area, temperatures dropped thirty degrees in less than anhour. I was not wearing a warm jacket, so my teeth began to chatter.2. Vern works as a model, so he has to look his best. When he gained ten pounds recently, hehad to take off the extra weight, or he would have lost his job.。
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英语写作手册（中文版）
课后习题答案
第一章
第二章
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第三章
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第四章
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第五章
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第六章
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第七章
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第八章
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第九章
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第十章
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