2023届高三英语一轮复习名词性从句讲义

名词性从句名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。

名词性从句在复合句中能担任:主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、引导名词性从句的连接词名词性从句的引导词可分为三类：1、从属连词(5个)(1)that无词义，在从句中不做成分(表明从句的确定性)，在宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略(2)whether, if有词义,在从句中不做成分(whether, if均表示“是否”之意,表明从句内容的不确定性) 不可以省略(3)as if, as though (均表示“好像”，“似乎”之意)在从句中不做成分2、连接代词(9 个)：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever,有词义，在从句中做成分，不可以省略(who what which在从句中做主语、宾语、其中what指代没有范围的事物， which指代有范围的事物，表“选择哪一个"whom做宾语whose做定语)3、连接副词(7 个)：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 有词义，在从句中做状语，不用以省略二、主语从句主语从句：作主语的从句叫主语从句。

考点一、主语从句引导词that：无词义，在主语从句中不做成分，不可省略That he dislikes the movie is none of my business.1.whether:翻译为“是否”，在从句中不做成分，不可省略1)Whether he will come is unknown.2)Whether spending money to enhance employees,working skills is the most crucial investment that has been debatedheavily among managers.3)由连接代词what, who, whom, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, whose 等引导的主语从句，连接代词需要在从句中做主语或者宾语，不可省略。

1)Who will win (he match is still unknown.2)What we should do is to make sure that positive ones are encouraged and negative ones are eliminated.4.由连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等关联词引导的主语从句，连接副词在句中不做成分，不可省略。

1)It is known to us how he became a writer.2)Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.3)How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person's life.考点二、it做形式主语注意：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。

主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。

常用句型如下：(1)It + be + 名词+lhat 从句：It is a fact that 事实是It is an honour that 非常荣幸It is common knowledge that …是常识It is a pity that 遗憾(2)Il + be +动词的过去分词+ ihai从句:It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道It has been proved that 已经证明It is believed that...人们认为It is supposed that...据猜测(3)It +不及物动词(vi) + that从句：It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧It appears that 似乎(4)It + be +形容词+ Ihat从句It is natural that... 很自然...It is strange that... 奇怪的是… 注意:在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气”(should)+do”, 常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that ...It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...考点三、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较①It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。

②it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词ihal引导，被强调部分指人时也可用who/whomo 例如:a)It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film.b)It doesn't interest me whether you succeed or not.c)It is in the morning that the murder took place.(强调句型)d)It is John that broke the window.(强调句型)补充：主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

(2)It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。

例如：正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.错误表达：Thal President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(3)It h叩pens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。

例如：正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(4)It doesn't matter how/whethei•…结构中的主语从句不可提前。

例如：正确表达：It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn't matter.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。

例如：正确表达:Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?错误表达:Is that will rain in (he evening likely?注意：what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that则不然。

例如:1)What you said yesterday is right.2)That she is still alive is a consolation.练习.most companies and workforce require is not robots, but creative people that bring advantages to its development.1.you can succeed in making your drcam come true depends on hard work more than luck.ernments should do is to create policies to encourage low carbon emission.3.she could get better suggestions and would give her better advide also puzzled her.5.h's no surprise our team has won the game.6.It is decided the meeting will be put off next Monday.参考答案：l.what 2. whether 3. what 4. where, who 5. that三、表语从句表语从句：位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句That is why, in recent years, there has been a growing body of opinion in favor of putting more resources into health.1.What is of crucial importance, in my opinion, is how we dell ne ''responsible for bringing （he children up”.2.That is just what students would do during the process of active learning.3.That is why many families have set a routine to have meals together at least once a week.4.The （hick smog covered the whole city. Il was as if/（hough a great black blanket had been thrown over it.注意：当主语是reason时，表语从句要用是al引导而不是because。

例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .练习Ikl like to start my own business—that's I'd do if I had the money.1.The reason why he didn't pass the exam was he was too careless.参考答案：1. what 2. that四、同位语从句1、同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。