The Trial That Rocked the World
The Trial that Rocked the Worldrhetorical device 高英讲课讲稿
Darrow walked slowly round the baking court (Para. 14)
达罗绕着那气氛紧张、异常闷热的法庭踱着步。 baking本来是指烤面包，所以作者在此移来说明 另一具体事物court，描述法庭在审理这场震惊 世界的审判时紧张而闷热的气氛。
贫穷的富人
千言万语的沉默
• cold pleasant manner
past participle → adj.
Байду номын сангаас
冷淡热情的态度
long-lived death永生的 • bad good news 坏的好消
死亡
息
adv. + adj.
a wisely stupid idea 自 作聪明的傻主意
a mercifully fatal blow 仁慈的致命打击
Transferred epithet is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from noun it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really belong.
throwing a reassuring arm round
my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (Para. 2)
就在我们静候着法庭开审的时候，达罗关切地搂住我 的肩膀低声安慰道：“别担心，孩子，我们会给他们点厉害 瞧瞧。”
TheTrialThatRockedtheWorld.ppt
VI. Detailed Study:
II. Procedures of Teaching:
1. Background knowledge 2. Detailed study of the text 3. Structural analysis 4. Language features 5. Supplementary exercise
III. Background Knowledge:
2. American governing system a. Legislature: parliament--Congress and Senate b. Executive: the president and his administration c. Judicial: the Federal Supreme Court
III. Background Knowledge:
Bible: Name of the Christian Scriptures, the Old Testament and the New Testament.
III. Background Knowledge:
Bible
Old Testament: Christian name for the Hebrew Bible, the first portion of the Christian Bible Genesis: first book of the Old Testament which tells the origin of the world and of man
the_trial_that_rocked_the_world_背景介绍
• 这一切源于《布特勒法》。 美国公民自由联盟招募一名田纳西州 的公费教师作为志愿者，自愿担任因 在课堂上讲授进化论而被起诉的当事 人。代顿经济衰退，这个面对厄运的 无名小镇，干吗不借这个事件振兴自 己呢？ 有人来，小镇就可以有钱挣。 经济困境也许能就此摆脱，“为什么 不呢？” 代顿人就这样把自己“标 上了地图”。而引出的恒久思考，远 远超出了他们的预料。
• The trial quickly became a media circus. John Scopes was to have Clarence Darrow, America's top criminal lawyer, defend him. The famous politician and antievolutionist, William Jennings Bryan, volunteered to assist the prosecution. Reporters from all over the country flocked to Dayton, including an announcer from Chicago's WGN radio. It would be the first live broadcast of a trial in American history.
• Scopes planned to return home to Kentucky for the summer. But in his words, "a beautiful blonde" distracted him and he stayed for another week hoping for a date. The decision changed his life forever.
the-trial-that-rocked-the-worldPPT课件
Para. 20. After the evidence was completed, Bryan rose to address the jury.
Para. 44. The jury were asked to consider their verdict… the jurymen retired … the verdict was guilty…
I was fined
-
2
After the trial
Structure of the text
Part I(1-9) Introduction
Part II(10-44) The Trial
Part III(45-48) The Post-Trial Happeningstest the legality of sth./ to do the just In a court • Judge • Panel of jury---- jurors • Defendant • Prosecutor • Police or the state prosecute • Law/ counsel • Witness--- to testify on one’s behalf • The defendant is indicted---- to charge formally • Defend in the court • Testify/ call the witness for the defense/ against • Adjourn • Jury retired • Verdict----guilty or innocent • conviction.
Lesson10 The Trial That Rocked the World 课文详解
1. buzz: a noise of a low hum, low confused whisper2. sweltering: very hot, causing unpleasantness, torrid, sultry3. counsel: a group of one or more lawyers (barristers) acting for someone in a court of lawThe judge asked counsel for the defence to explain his point. Counsel are agreed.cf:council: a group of people appointed or elected to make laws, rules, or decisionsThe General Secretary of the UN Security Councilthe Premier of the State Councilcouncillor: a member of a councilcounsellor (AmE counselor):a. (AmE) lawyerb. advisera beauty counsellor; a marriage guidance counsellor4. prosecution: the act of bringing a criminal charge against sb. ina court of law5. silver-tongued: (lit.) able to give fine persuading speeches, eloquent6. orator: a good public speaker, a person who delivers an oration (formal and solemn public speeches)7. nominee: a person who has been nominated, who has been named officially for election to a position, office, honour, etc. a Nobel Prize nominee / a presidential nominee8. bring about: causeScientists have brought about great changes in our lives.9. involve: to cause sb. to become connected or concernedDon't involve other people in your mistakes.W e are all involved, whether we like it or not.10. testify: to make s solemn statement, esp. under oath in a court of law, of what is trueThe witnesses testify / give evidence in the law court.One witness testified that he's seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed.The stolen goods in his home testified to his guilt.11. on hand: available, present,cf: within reach: the distance one can reach;at hand: near in time or placeAlways have your dictionary on hand / within reach / at hand when you study.Please be on hand at 12 sharp.I have a great deal of important work on hand.All his old friends will be on hand / present to see Jack receive the medal of honour. I want you to be at hand / near during my interview with the boss of the company.The post office is close at hand.12. reassure: comfort and make free from fear, stop worrying often by saying sth. kind or friendlyThe doctor reassured the sick man about his health.She won't believe it in spite of all our reassurance.cf: assure: try to cause to believe or trust in sth.; promiseThe captain assured the passengers that there was no danger. 13. erupt: (of a volcano) to explode and pour out fireHere, emerge, happen quickly, come down upon unexpectedly and violently; I was suddenly engulfed by the whole affair.14. adhere to: to favour strongly and remain with, be faithful to an idea, opinion, and belief, etc.; stick firmly to; to hold or supportThe wallpaper won't adhere to the ceiling.They adhere to the contract.He resolutely adhered to what he had said at the meeting. adhere to the four cardinal / fundamental principlesADHERE usually implies deliberate or voluntary acceptance, as of the creed of a church, the platform of a political party, or the doctrines of a philosopher.He liked a certain order in his life, when he had made a plan, he liked to adhere to it.Persist: to continue firmly in spite of opposition or warning. This word implies a virtue. It more often suggests a disagreeable or annoying quality, for it stresses stubbornness more than courage or patience and frequently implies opposition to advice, disapproval, or one's own conscience.persist in working when illpersist in doing / * adhere to doingIf you persist in misbehaving, you'll be punished. Persist: vi, to continue to existThe bad weather will persist all over the country.The smell persisted even after we cleaned the room.insist: a. to declare firmly (when opposed), b. to orderHe insisted on writing at once.He insisted that she (should) be present.adhesive: substance such as a glue.15. prohibit: to forbid, to ban, used long in reference to laws, regulations that it tends to connote restraints imposed for the good of all or for the sake of orderly procedure.to prohibit the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors / pornographic literature or video tapes / prostitution / visiting prostitutes / smoking in public places, etc.cf:FORBID is more direct and familiar, while PROHIBIT is moreformal or official; they do not widely differ in their essentialimplications, for they both imply the exercise of authority or the existence of conditions which prevent with similar imperativeness. However, FORBID carries so strong a connotation of expected obedience that it is preferred when the order is that of one in authority (as a parent, a master, an employer or a physician).to forbid a child to leave the house.His health forbade the use of tobacco.16. violate: to disregard or act against sth. solemnly promised, accepted as rightThe actress violated the terms of her contract.This is considered as a violation of the Constitution.If you violate someone's privacy or peace, you disturb it.17. legality: the condition of being lawful; lawfulnessThe legality of this action will be decided by the court.18. indict: to indict sb. for a crime means to charge them with it officially Five men were caught at the scene and indicted.cf:ACCUSE, CHARGEThese three words denote in common to declare a person guilty of a fault or offence.While ACCUSE is typically immediate and personal, CHARGE frequently connotes seriousness in the offence and formality in the declaration.One may ACCUSE a bystander of trying to pick one's pocket. That is an ACCUSATION which may become a formal CHARGE before a magistrate. One may also ACCUSE a man OF cheating which one personally resents.One CHARGE a man WITH cheating which is an example of breaking the rules of a game.INDICT adds to CHARGE in legal context the implication of a formal consideration of the evidence by a grand jury and the implication of a decision that the accused person should be called to trial. One INDICTS a man FOR theft.TO PROSECUTE sb. FOR theft is for a lawyer to represent in court the person who is bringing a criminal charge against sb.19. anticipate: (sometimes considered nonstandard) to expect, to see what will happen and act as necessary, often to stop sb. else doing sth.W e are not anticipating that there will be much trouble.W e anticipate that the enemy would try to cross the river and so seized the bridge.20. FAMOUS, FAME, RENOWNED, CELEBRATED, are comparable when meaning known far and wide among men. FAMOUS and FAMED apply chiefly to men, events and things that are much talked of or are widely or popularly known throughout a country or continent or a cultural tradition. They also imply favourable reputation.RENOWNED implies more glory or honour and more widespread acclamation than either FAMOUS OR FAMED. It is often employed as a stronger or more emphatic term than FAMOUS with little actual difference in meaning except for a suggestion of greater longevity of fame. CELEBRATED stresses reception of popular or public notice or attention and frequent mention, esp. in print.21. festoon: If you festoon sth. with decorations, lights or other things, you spread or hang these things over it in large numbers in order to decorate it.The garden was festooned with coloured lights.22. sprout: to grow or come out, appear and spread rapidly.n. new growth of a plant, shootbean sprouts / bamboo shoots23. rickety: weak in joints and likely to breakrickety old man / stairs / cart24. evangelist: one who preaches the gospel (good news)25. exhort: urge earnestly or advise strongly sb. to do sth.to exhort sb. to do good / to work harder, etc.26. cheer: support and encourage, shout in praise, approval orsupportEvery time a Chinese runner won a race the crowd cheered.The crowd cheered their favourite horse.27. infidel: (old & derog.) (used esp. in former times by Christians and Muslims of each other) someone ho does not follow one's own religion, unbeliever28. draw up: to form and usu. writeto draw up a plan / a contract29. florid: (of a person's face) having a red skin30. paunchy: (derog. and humour) (esp. of a man) having a fat stomach, pot belly31. attorney-general: chief law officer and legal expert of the government of a state or the US32. shrewd: clever in judgement, esp. of what is to one's own advantage, and an exceptional ability to see below the surface. It always connotes hard-headedness. a shrewd lawyer who knows all the tricksHe is a shrewd and sometimes ruthless adversary.33. steep: soak, to let sth. stay in a liquid for softening, bringing out a taste etc.Steep the coffee (vt.)Leave the coffee to steep for 5 minutes (vi.)soak up (vi. + adv.) draw in by or as if by suction or absorption The soil soaked up a huge volume of water very rapidly.Mark Twain soaked up the colourful language.steeped in: thoroughly filled or familiar with.a place steeped in mystery, a mind steeped in lawsteep: adj. rising or falling quickly or at a sharp angle.a steep rise in price; a steep drop in living conditionsan old house with steep stairs; the steepest part of a hill34. agnostic: person who believes that one can only have knowledge of material things and that nothing is or can be known about God or life after deathcf: atheist: person who doubts the existence of Godinfidel: see above35. callcall for sth: require, demand or need sthThe situation calls for prompt action.I've been promoted. This calls for a celebration!a call for sth: request or demand for sthThe President made a call for national unity.There were calls for the Prime Minister's resignation from the Opposition parties.need or occasion for sth There isn't much call for such things these days.There was no call for such rudeness.There is no call for being hasty.(in card-games) player's bid or turn to bidIt's your call, partner.a call of nature: (euph) need to urinate or defecatea port of call: place where a ship stops during a voyage, place where a person goes or stops, esp during a journey The visiting politician's first port of call was the new factory.call-box = telephone-box (telephone)call-girl: prostitute who makes appointments by telephone35. growl /au/: (of animal) to make a deep rough sound in the throat to show anger or give warning, (of person) to say sth. in a low rough and rather angry voice.The dog growled at me.He growled out a demand to her to stop.36. preliminary: coming before and introducing or preparing for sth. more important, introductory, preparatory37. spar: to box without hitting hard, as in practice (between SPARRING PARTNERS) or in testing an opponent's defence. argue or dispute (with sb), usu in a friendly wayThe children are sparring with each other.sparring-partner: person with whom a boxer spars as part of training.person with whom one enjoys frequent, usu friendly, arguments They've been sparring-partners ever since they were at school together.38. drawl: to speak or say slowly with vowels greatly lengthened drawl out one’s words39. ignorance: lack of knowledge Poverty, disease and ignorance remain major world problems.If he did wrong, it was from/ through ignorance.W e are in complete ignorance of his plans.She is very young, and ignorant of what life really is.They ignored traffic regulations.40. bigot: one who obstinately or intolerantly devoted to his own opinions and prejudices, esp. religious beliefs.One of the marks of a bigot is that he thinks he does a service to God when he persecutes his fellowmen.bigotry: the state of having very strong, unreasonable attitudes and opinions41. rampant: widespread and impossible to control, excessive, used esp. of undesirable conditions, such as crime or disease. Spinal meningitis was rampant in that spring.Theft, robbery, trafficking in narcotics, rural women and children are rampant in some places.Rich soil makes some plants too rampant.Mosquitoes are rampant in the dormitory.42. fagot: a bundle of sticks of firewood43. enlighten: cause to understand, free from ignorance or false beliefs, give more knowledge.Can you enlighten me on this subject?The tour of our country enlightened the foreign visitors on China's open policy.work for the enlightenment of mankindthe Enlightenment / the age of Enlightenment in the 18th century 44. contaminate: to make impure, bad by mixing with dirty or poisonous matterDon't eat the food, it may have been contaminated by the flies. The river is contaminated with waste from the factory. Our students are being contaminated by foreign ideas.45. snort: to make a rough noise by blowing air down the noseto express impatience or anger by this soundW e ran when the bull began to snort."Never!" he snorted.cf:snore: breathe heavily and noisily through the nose and mouth while asleep46. evidence: (in law) words which prove a statement, support a belief, or make a matter more clearThere wasn't enough evidence to prove him guilty.Have you any evidence to support this statement?not a bit / piece / scrap / shred of evidenceindication or traceThe room bore evidence (ie showed signs) of a struggle.in evidence: clearly or easily seenHe's the sort of man who likes to be very much in evidence at important meetings, ie who likes to be seen and noticed. evident: obvious (to the eye or mind); clearIt must be evident to all of you that he has made a mistake. Evidently he has decided to leave.47. brandish: to wave menacingly sth. esp. a weapon about, It stresses threat.I shall brandish my sword before them.48. denounce: to criticise severely and publicly, announce threateninglyThe newspapers denounced the new taxes.A mass meeting denounced him as a traitor.49. sonorous: having a pleasantly full loud sound the sonorous tones of the priestsonoritythe sonority of the bass voicessonorously adv.50. reconcile: make peace between, make friendly againI cannot reconcile the two points of view.I asked how he would reconcile apartheid with Christianity.The two girls quarrelled but are now reconciled.51. jungle: tropical forest too thick to walk through easily.52. image: likeliness, form, copy, an object made to represent a god or person to be worshippedY ou see your image in the mirror.I can close my eyes and see images of things and persons.The coin bears an image of the emperor.The government has a very bad image because it continues with plans that nobody likes.53. divine: of, related to, or being god or a godGod: the Almighty, Providence, the Creator, the Divinity, the Deity, the Holy One, the Lord, Jehovah54. thrust: to push forcefully and suddenly, to make a sudden forward stroke with a sword, knife, etc.He thrust the fork into the meat.The pirate thrust the sword into the captain's back.55. applause: loud praise for a performance or performer, esp. by striking the hands together (clapping)applaud: v.Everyone stood up to applaud.The audience applauded the singer for 5 minutes. The crowd bursts into applause and shouts "Hurray!"His every sentence was followed by an applause.56. fervour: the quality of being FERVENT, passion, zeal, enthusiasm, intense heat, intense emotion compelling action. speak with great fervourfervent: showing strong and warm feelings, hot, glowing, passionatea fervent love / hatred. a fervent lover / admirer57. arena: an area of land or a large room where sports, entertainment and public events take place.The city built a new sports arena.After W orld II Japan entered the arena of international trade. He entered the political arena after graduation from college.58. prairie: (in North America) a wild treeless grassy plain.59. scorch: to burn (part of ) a surface so as to change its colour,taste, or feeling but not completely destroy it, to dry up and take away the life out with a strong heatThe hot iron scorched the tablecloth.a scorched-earth policyThe hot weather scorched the grass.scorching hot / heat60. observe: to make a remark, to say, to comment, It suggests a reasoned judgement based on m ore or less careful study of the evidence.He observe that the house seemed to be too small."I hope she'll turn over a new leaf now," observed Mrs. A.61. passion: strong, deep, often uncontrollable feeling, esp. of sexual love, hatred, or angerThe poet expressed his burning passion for the woman he loved. Can we talk about this with a little less passion? passionate: filled with passion, eager, very strongThe groom gave the bride a passionate kiss.The two groups had a passionate debate.62. sip: to drink in small quantitiescf:suck: to draw (as liquid) into the mouth through a suction force produced by movements of the lips and tongue, to suck milk from his mother's breastsap: to drain the fluid part of a plant, esp. the watery solution that circulates through a plant's vascular system63. jug: a large deep, usu. earthenware or glass container with a narrow mouth, a handle and a lip for pouring,a milk jugcf:jar: tall container, usu. round with a wide mouth, with or with-out handles of glass, stone or earthenwarepot: an usu. round metal or earthen container used chiefly for domestic purposes, as in cooking or for holding liquids or growing plants.tea pot, chamber pot64. appeal: to make a strong request for help, support, mercy; beg He appealed to his attacker for mercy.He appealed to me for help.please, attract, interestThis idea / She appeals to me.Some people say Peking Opera is too old-fashioned to appeal to people any longer.The idea appealed to me.65. intellect, intellectual, intelligence, intelligent etc.intellect: the ability to understand or deal with ideas and information, the ability to reason rather than to feel or act. intellectual:adj. concerning the intellect, able to use the intellect well, showing unusual reasoning powersn. a person who works and lives by using his mind.a man of intellect: a man with knowledge, learned person,an intellectualIt is man's intellect that distinguishes him from the breasts. Chess is a highly intellectual game.Teaching is a more intellectual occupation than sweeping.He is an intellectual person.intelligence:a. good ability to learn and understand quickly, esp. compared with others.b. information gathered by the government or the army abouttheir country's enemies and their activities.an intelligence test;intelligence quotient (IQ)Use your intelligence.CIAintelligent: having or showing powers of reasoning or understanding.Dr. Smith is a man of great intelligence but Prof. Brown earns the respect of his colleagues for his high intellect.An INTELLECTUAL or INTELLECTUAL person, is one who has developed his brain and intellect, is highly educated, and is interested in subjects that exercise the mind.One can be very intelligent / have great intelligence, without knowing much.A small child with a clever quick mind is INTELLIGENT but he can hardly be an intellectual.66. duel: unlawful fight between two persons who have quarrelled, usu. with swords or pistols, at a meeting arranged and conducted according to rules, in the presence of two other persons called seconds.67. roar: to give a deep loud continuing sound.tigers roaring in their cagesHe just roared (ie laughed loudly) when he heard that joke!The crowd roared its approval.n. long loud deep sounda roar of applause / anger, etcroars of laughterroaring: noisy; rough or stormyroaring thunder68. mortal: a human being as compared with a god, a spirit, etc. All human beings are mere mortals.They're so grand these days that they probably don't talk to ordinary mortals like us any more.adj:that must die; that cannot live for everAll human beings are mortal.causing death; fatala mortal wound, injury, etcThe collapse of the business was a mortal blow to him and his family.lasting until death; marked by great hatred; deadlymortal enemiesmortal sin: (in the Roman Catholic Church) sin that causes the loss of God's grace and leads to damnation unless it is confessed and forgiven 弥天大罪69. agency: a. When sth. happen through or by the agency of sb. or sth, it happens with their help or influence. Thus the sentence can be paraphrased as Truth does not need any human influence to support it.b. a business which provides particular services on behalf of another business. an administrative organizationXinhua News Agency; the Central Intelligence Agency70. momentary: transitory, lasting for a very short moment71. hush: silence, stillness, quiet, calm72. rule: decide officiallyThe jury ruled that he was innocent of all charges.The club ruled against accepting new members.I cannot rule out / exclude the possibility / declare the non-existence of / trouble.The principal ruled out dances on school nights.73. adjourn: to bring a meeting, trial, etc to a stop, esp. for aparticular period or until a later time74. hawker: a person who travels from place to place selling things, usu. with a cart.75. entrepreneur: a person who organizes and manages a business undertaking, assuming the risk for the sake of the profit; the word often has the sense of enterprising, meaning imaginative in ambitious way for private economic gain.76. ponder: to consider, thing over, to think about sth. carefully, a rather literary word.Each chess player will have five minutes to ponder his next move. The prisoner pondered how to escape.Give me a few days to ponder over it.77. brute: an animal, esp. one that you feel sorry for.The lions I am talking about are the poor half-starved brutes reserved for tourists.The Pope said that man is " the middle ling between angels and brutes." W ar can turn man into brutes.stupid, animal-like or cruel person, esp. one who has a tendency to behave violently.He is an unfeeling brute.cf:cowcrafty expert agents fresh from the cowing and tying down a dozen of countriescoward: a person unable to face danger, pain, or hardship because he lacks courage78. sulphur: AmE. sulfur. a light-yellow substance that burns witha bright flame and a strong smell, used in medicine and industry. sulphurous: scathing, harsh79. dispatch: a report sent by a journalist who is in a different town or country.I picked up the paper and read a dispatch from a correspondentin New Y ork.80. collapse:a. fall down or in, break to pieces.The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.The collapse of the buildings trapped thousands of people.b. lose physical strength, courage, mental powers,If you work too hard, your health may collapse.c. fail, break down.Their marriage collapsed.Our plan will collapse unless we get more help.81. resume: go on after stopping for a timeLess than a month later the rebels resumed their offensive. W e'll stop here and resume working at 2 o'clock. Those standing may resume their seats.resume: = curriculum vitae82. squat: to sit on one's heels, or on the ground with the legs drawn up under or close to the body.83. perch: rest, stand or sit on some elevated place, usu. referring to birds; sit on the edge of sth. that is not intended to be a seat.Dr Smith perched on the corner of his desk.The sparrow perched upon the television antenna.84. gawk: look at sth. in a foolish way85. spring: to bring forward suddenly, to produce as a surprise, to make known unexpectedly toHe sprang his marriage on his parents.The film made her spring into fame.86. trump card: (in card games such as bridge or poker) each card of a suit that has, for the time being, higher value than theother three suits, means of gaining one's end Hearts (spades, clubs, diamonds) are trumps.to play one's trump card: to make used of one's most valuable resource87. startle: to give a shock or surprise, to cause to move or jump，be startle at the sight of sth.Y ou startled me. I didn't hear you come in.I was startled to hear his news / by his news.88. wile: a trick intended to deceive, skill in outwitting, an indirect means to gain an end, an attempt to entrap or deceive with false allurements.All her wiles were not enough to persuade them to sell the property.wily: full of wiles, cunning, craftyThe serpent by his wiles persuaded Eve to eat the apple.the wiles of the Devil 89. campaign: a group of military operations with a set purpose, usu. in one area; a series of planned activities to gain a special object.a political/ advertising campaign90. passage: passing, act of going past, through or acrossthe passage of timepassing of a Bill so that it becomes law.Passage of such a resolution depends on public support.The Socialists did not co-operate with him in the passage of these laws.91. resolute: fixed in determination or propose, firm; the word throws the emphasis upon a determination which cannot be broken down as a quality of character and may suggest firm adherence to one's own purposes.Y ou must be resolute and do what you think best.He was a serious, resolute student.92. strode: walk with long steps93. repel: to drive back by force, rebuffto repel an attackThis material will repel heat and moisture.94. punctuate:a. to put stops / periods, commas, colons, quotation marks, etc. into a piece of writing.b. to interrupt from time to timea speech punctuated with cheers.95. fervent: that is, feels, or shows strong and warm feelings, passionate, vehementa fervent desire to winHe is a fervent believer in free speech.They maintained a fervent loyalty to the general. fervour: the quality of being fervent96. Amen: may this be true, so be it97. enquire: question98. mop: n. a bundle of strings, cloth, etc. fastened to a long handle for cleaning floorsv. to wipe up with a mop, to wipe away sweat with a handkerchief 99. bald: hairless, leafless, featherless.cf: bold100. dome: rounded roof with a circular base. sth. shaped like a dome101. snigger: (AmE snicker) to laugh in a disrespectful more or less secret waygiggle, snort102. twirl: to turn round and round quickly, to cause to spin, to cause to curlThe secretary twirled the pencil round in her fingers.She twirled his hair round her fingers.103. pursue: to follow in order to overtake, capture, kill, or defeat The policeman pursued the thief down the road.He felt their eyes pursuing him.The poet pursued fame all his life.He set his heart on pursuing his studies abroad.104. condemn:a. to declare sb. to be wrong or evil usu. after weighing evidence Everyone condemned his foolish behaviour.Most people condemn nuclear war.b. to pronounce guilty, sentence, convict, state the punishmentIn spite of the evidence he was not condemned. The judge condemned the criminal to ten years in jail.c. to force into an unhappy stateWhen the poor woman was widowed, she realized that she was condemned to a lonely old age.cf:CONDEMN carries very strong judicial connotations. It implies a final decision or a definitive judgement. It commonly suggests a wholly unfavourable judgement.DENOUNCE adds to condemn the implication of public declaration.When meaning to criticise, the two words are similar in usage. livid: blue-grey, as of marks on the skin after being his (bruise) 105. slur: an unfair damaging remarkDon't slur my brother's reputation.The rumours cast a slur upon my good name.。
the trial that rocked the world高级英语.ppt
Background knowledge – 2. The New Testament
The New Testament is built on the foundation of the Old Testament and taken directly, and sometimes in a radicalized way, from the Old Testament. Not abolishing the Old Testament, the New Testament replaces it with new doctrines. The New Testament is called the Greek Testament with a central element of Christianity, and has played a major role in shaping modern Western culture. Their content is loosely a narration of the first century of Christianity. It all starts with Jesus, son of God, and continues into the moulding of a new religion. The central theme of the New Testament is underlining Jesus as Messiah. The redemption from sin only could be obtained through the belief in Jesus.
Fourth day: God creates lights to separate light from darkness and to mark days, seasons and years. Two great lights are made (most likely the Sun and Moon), and the stars.
高级英语The_Trial_that_Rocked_the_World
3. William Jennings Bryan (1860 – 1925)
W. J. Bryan was born in Salem, Illinois. In his middle-class family, great emphasis was placed on religion and morality, not only in one’s personal life, but in publics and in the conduct of national affairs. After graduating from Illinois College of Law in Chicago, he opened a law office in Jacksonville. In 1887, Bryan moved to Lincoln, Nebraska, practicing law and simultaneously turning toward politics. He won a seat in Congress in 1890 and was reelected in 1892. He was the Democratic Party’s presidential nominee three times (1896, 1900, 1908). In 1912 he helped to secure the nomination of Woodrow Wilson for the presidency, and Wilson named him secretary of state in 1913.
Lesson Ten
The Trial That Rocked ckground Information
The Trial that Rocked the Worldrhetorical device 高英
震撼世界的审判
The Trial That Rocked the World
3 of
13
Transferred epithet
移 就
“Don’t worry, son, we’ll show them a few tricks.” Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (Para. 2)
即通常所谓的说反话，正意反说，反意正说，常用于讽刺或嘲弄的场合
震撼世界的审判
The Trial That Rocked the World
11 of
13
Ridicule
讥讽Biblioteka Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a
sword to repel his enemies.（Para.31) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.(Para35) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted by his son…(Para11)
Judge: Order! Order! Order in the court! Prisoner：I’ll take a ham sandwich（火腿三明治） on rye with beer.
这是一则幽默笑话，作者利用order 一词的双关，它既有秩序、肃静之 意，又可作“点菜”之解来制造幽 默，法官在法庭上说order，是要犯 人安静，而犯人利用order也可作动 词“点菜”的意思，故意捣乱，令 人捧腹大笑，幽默感油然而生。
Lesson 10 The Trial That Rocked__ the World 高级英语第一册课件
Background Material
3. Main characters in the trial 1) John Scopes 2) The defendant counsels (counsels for the defense):
Clarence Darrow; Dudley Field Malone 3) The prosecutor counsel (counsel for the prosecution)
Origin oll organisms, including ourselves, are the products of a slow, natural process of development —"evolution’’.
Social Background of Darwins
Queen Victoria came to the throne in 1837, when she was 18 years old. She ruled for 63 years until 1901, longer than any other British King or queen had ever ruled. This period came to be known as the Victorian Age. During this period, great economic, social, and political changes took place and Great Britain became the strongest and richest country in the world. The British Empire, which included Canada, Australia, India, New Zealand, and large parts of Africa, had about a quarter of the world’s land and about a quarter of the world’s people. Wealth poured into Britain from its colonies. Industry and trade expanded rapidly, and the country became known as the workshop of the world, by the end of the age, Britain was becoming more the banker of the world. Science and technology made great advances. People were better educated. The middle class grew enormously. Literature flourished. In addition, the government introduced democratic reforms.
高级英语2 Unit 4 The Trial that Rocked the World
…
our town .. a circus atmosphere. All sorts of activities were going on in the town and there was a kind of noisy holiday spirit there.
He is here because … combination.
unexpectedly and violently; I was suddenly engulfed by/ involved in tad been …. the modernists.
The conflict between the fundamentalists and
Now Darrow sprang his trump card by
calling Bryan as a witness for the defence. Darrow surprised everyone by asking Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant idea.
…accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the
death between science and religion. …accused Bryan of demanding that a life or death struggle be fought between science and religion.
…throwing a reassuring …. shoulder.
Putting his arm in an informal and friendly