2023年高一上期期末英语题带答案和解析(重庆南开中学)

单项选择

In ________ film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays ________ man named Chuck Noland.

A.a; the

B.the; a

C.the; the

D.a; a

【答案】B

【解析】

考查冠词。句意：在电影《荒岛余生》里，汤姆汉克斯扮演一个叫Chuck Noland的人。第一空填定冠词，特指“电影《荒岛余生》”；第二空填不定冠词，表泛指“一个叫Chuck Noland的人”。故选B。

单项选择

—Why didn’t you buy the camera you had longed for?

—I had planned to, but I was $50_________.

A. fewer

B. less

C. cheap

D. short

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：考查形容词。句意：--你为什么不买你一直渴望拥有的那部相机？--我本来打算买的，但是我还差50英镑。AB两项是更少的意思，C是便宜的意思。但是没有这几种搭配。short是缺少的意思。

其他都不符合句意,故D正确。

单项选择

You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence.

A.before

B.once

C.until

D.though

【答案】B

【解析】

考查连词。句意：一旦你有了自信你就会在面试中成功。A. before 之前；B. once一旦；C. until直到；D. though 虽然。分析句子可知，一旦你有了自信你就会在面试中成功。所以本句为once引导的条件状语从句。故选B项。

单项选择

—Ouch! You hurt me.

—I'm sorry. But I ________ any harm. I ________ to drive a rat out.

A.don't mean; am trying

B.didn't mean; tried

C.haven't meant; tried

D.didn't mean; was trying

【答案】D

【解析】

考查动词的时态。句意：——哎呀！你伤到我了。——对不起。但是我不是有意伤你的。我当时正尽力把一只老鼠赶出去。由hurt这一动作发生在过去可知，第一空应用一般过去时；且根据句意可知，try 这一动作表示过去某个时间正在进行，所以第二空应用过去进行时。故选D。

单项选择

--You’ve made great progress in your studies of English, haven’t you?

-- Yes, but much________.

A.remains to do

B.is remained to do

C.is remained to be done

D.remains to be done

【答案】D

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。句意：—你的英语学习取得了很大的进步，是吗？—是的，但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”，不能用被动语态，而且much和do是被动关系，表示将要发生的事情，用不定式，因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选D。

单项选择

No matter how frequently ________, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.

A.performed

B.performing

C.to be performed

D.being performed

【答案】A

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。句意：不管贝多芬的作品被演奏多少次，他始终吸引着全世界的人们。这是no matter how引导的让步状语从句，在让步、时间、条件状语从句中，如果主从句中主语一致，从句中谓语含be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be省略。perform和逻辑主语the works of Beethoven是被动关系，即在how后加the works of Beethoven

are performed，此处省略了the works of Beethoven are。故选A。

单项选择

Is this the reason______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A. he explained

B. how he explained

C. what he explained

D. why he explained

【答案】A

【解析】

考查关系代词。句意:这就是他在会上解释他工作粗心的原因吗？分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the reason，在后面的定语从句中作explain的宾语，所以关系代词that/which 被省略。故A选项正确。

单项选择

It______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks______ I found we had a lot in common.

A.was until, that

B.was until, when

C.wasn't until, that

D.wasn't until, when

【答案】C

【解析】

考查强调句。句意：直到我们在一起呆了几个星期，我才发现我们有很多共同点。通过分析句子结构可知，此处考查句型It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他部分。本题强调的是时间状语we had not stayed together for a couple of weeks until...，在对not…until...进行强调时，要把not until放在一起，因此答案选C。

单项选择

—Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?

—Yes, he did. He ________ his old friends for a long time.

A.didn’t see

B.wouldn’t see

C.hasn’t seen

D.hadn’t seen

【答案】D

【解析】

考查时态。句意：—阿伦昨天见到老朋友高兴吗？—是的，他挺高兴。他很久没看见老朋友了。说明是昨天之前很长时间没看见老朋友了，该动作属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，故选D。

单项选择

The trip shouldn't take more than one hour.

- ______. It is at least two hours.

A.I couldn't agree more

B.That's right

C.You must be joking

D.It all depends

【答案】C

【解析】

考查情景交际用语。句意：——这次旅行不会超过一个小时。——你一定是在开玩笑。至少要两个小时。A. I couldn't agree more我完全同意；B. That's right没错，就是那样；C. You must be joking你一定是在开玩笑；D. It all depends要看情况而定。结合句意,故选C。

完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The three youths leaned over the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets. About thirty metres away, a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading _________ to the sea.“Hey, look!” exclaimed(惊叫) Rahim. “Those two men are _________

heavy rocks. I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological _________.”

“You do not _________ a crane(起重机) to unload less than a dozen rocks, do you?” smiled Joshua.

“But those men do not _________ to have muscles at all,” said Michael, rather surprised. Joshua smiled.

“They are _________ labourers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they_________. See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his _________. Some of the rock’s weight is set _________ his head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand. His body isn’t bent. His legs are well ______________.”

“You’re right, Josh. He may have a small build, ______________ he certainly well knows his job. Dear me! And to think we have been studying ______________!” Rahim thought about all that was happening. Suddenly, he said, “Technology won’t ______________ the human being completely, it appears.”

“I don’t think it will.” ______________Joshua. “You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large, multi-purpose tractors, but you ______________ use that equipment to harvest tea leaves and tomatoes, will you?”

“You can get a computer to ______________ multiple-choice assessments, but you cannot get the computer to produce or assess

essays, can you?” asked Michael.

“Well, the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as ______________ as ever — that’s domestic technology for you!” said Rahim.

“One day, perhaps, there won’t be anybody ______________ who can carry a large rock the way those men do. It’s not going to be a very ______________ world, I’m afraid.” sighed Michael.

“You’re too much of a pessimist(悲观主义者), Mike.” said Joshua. “____________will always be other things that will make the world exciting.”

【1】A.through B.across C.down D.up

【2】A.loading B.unloading C.covering D.uncovering

【3】A.way B.revolution C.process D.era

【4】A.ask B.expect C.attempt D.hope

【5】A.happen B.fail C.have D.seem

【6】A.ambitious B.experienced C.potential D.energetic

【7】A.take B.fetch C.carry D.bring

【8】A.shoulder B.back C.chest D.arms

【9】A.on B.against C.toward D.under

【10】A.supported B.grasped C.placed D.strengthened

【11】A.but B.however C.so D.therefore

【12】A.chemistry B.physics C.biology D.psychology

【13】A.control B.affect C.remove D.replace

【14】A.agreed B.proposed C.refused D.denied

【15】A.can’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.needn’t

【16】A.point out B.take out C.hand out D.print out 【17】A.dirty B.clean C.old D.new

【18】A.caught B.arranged C.left D.convinced

【19】A.exciting B.mysterious C.technological D.modern 【20】A.That B.This C.They D.There

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】B

【5】D

【6】B

【7】C

【8】A

【9】B

【10】C

【11】A

【12】B

【13】D

【14】A

【15】C

【16】D

【17】A

【18】C

【19】A

【20】D

【解析】

本文是一篇观点独特的哲理小品，讲述的是三个年轻人在看到两个码头工人卸运石头之后的，引发的他们之间的一段对话。告诉我们在这个世界上尽管科技越来越发达，但还是代替不了人类的劳动。

【1】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在三十米开外，一艘船停在通向大海的滑溜溜的台阶旁。A. through通过；B. across穿过；C. down下来；

D. up上去。leading down to“可以向下滑动的台阶”是方便船只卸货的，down“向下的”，lead to“通向……”。故选C。

【2】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那两个人正在卸重石头。A. loading 装载；B. unloading卸载；C. covering覆盖；D. uncovering揭开。根据下文"You do not____4____a crane (起重机) to unload less than a dozen rocks, do you?" smiled Joshua.可知，那两人正在卸货。故选B。

【3】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为在这个科技时代我们不再做体力劳动了。A. way方法；B. revolution革命；C. process过程；D. era 时代。根据句意可知，此处指“在这个科技发达的时代”。故选D。

【4】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不能期待起重机吊起12块以下的石头，不是吗？A. ask问；B. expect期待；C. attempt尝试；D. hope 希望。根据句意及常识可知，12块以下的石头不值得动用起重机，此处指“你不能期待起重机吊起12块以下的石头”。故选B。

【5】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“可是那些人似乎根本就没有肌肉，”迈克尔相当吃惊地说。A. happen发生；B. fail失败；C. have有；D. seem 好像。词组seem to do sth.“似乎做某事”。故选D。

【6】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是经验丰富的工人，知道如何分散他们搬运的石头的重量。A. ambitious有野心的；B. experienced 有经验的；C. potential有潜力的；D. energetic精力充沛的。从下文可知他们是有经验的（experienced）工人。故选B。

【7】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们是经验丰富的工人，知道如何分散他们搬运的石头的重量。A. take拿；B. fetch去拿来；C. carry搬运；D. bring带来。根据语境可知，此处指搬运石头。故选C。【8】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看看这个人是如何把石头放在他肩膀的斜坡上的。A. shoulder肩膀；B. back后背；C. chest胸；D. arms 胳膊。本题与上文的carry（扛，搬运）对应，把石头放在肩膀上。故选A。

【9】考查介词词义辨析。句意：石头的重量有的压在他的头上，有的在右手上，有的在左手上。A. on在……上；B. against反对；C. toward 朝向；D. under在……下面。set against “使……平衡”。故选B。【10】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的身体没有弯曲。他的腿放得很

好。A. supported支持；B. grasped抓住；C. placed放置；D. strengthened 加强。be well placed “使……放置平衡、恰当”，这里指注意姿势，使双腿保持平衡。故选C。

【11】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他可能身材矮小，但他肯定很了解自己的工作。A. but但是；B. however然而；C. so那么；D. therefore 因此。由上文He may have a small build.可知，他个子不大，体格不够强壮，但他肯定非常了解自己的工作，这样才能弥补自身的缺陷．干扰项是B. however，表转折时是副词，不可引导从句。故选A。【12】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天啊!没想到我们一直在学物理!A. chemistry化学；B. physics物理；C. biology生物；D. psychology心理学。根据语境可知，他们所讲的都是有关力的作用和平衡的知识，当然属物理范畴。故选B。

【13】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看来，技术不会完全取代人类。A. control控制；B. affect影响；C. remove移动；D. replace取代。由全文可知技术无法替代人类的劳动，这是文章的主旨之所在。故选D。【14】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我认为不会。”约书亚也赞同。A. agreed同意；B. proposed建议；C. refused拒绝；D. denied否认。由上下文可知，Joshua 也赞同他的观点。故选A。

【15】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你可以用那种大型的多用途拖拉机收割土豆或小麦，但你不会用那种设备收割茶叶和西红柿，对吗?A. can’t不可能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. won’t不会；D. needn’t不需要。反义疑问句，由本句末的will you可知，C项符合题意。故选C。

【16】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你可以用电脑打印多项选择题的答案，但你却无法用电脑生成或评估文章，是吗?A. point out指出；B. take out带出来；C. hand out分发；D. print out打印出来。根据语境可知，此处指“打印多项选择题的答案”。故选D。

【17】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：嗯，洗衣机把我的衬衫领子弄得和以前一样脏——这就是家用技术!A. dirty脏的；B. clean干净的；C. old老的；D. new新的。洗衣机不能洗掉衣领的污渍。故选A。【18】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许有一天，再也没有人能像他们那样扛起一块大石头了。A. caught抓住；B. arranged安排；C. left剩下；D. convinced使相信。此处表示“剩下的”意思，做后置定语。故选C。

【19】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：恐怕这不会是一个非常激动人心的世界。A. exciting令人激动的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. technological 科技的；D. modern现代的。从文章最后一句话will always be other things that will make the world exciting可知，此处指“一个非常激动人心的世界”。故选A。

【20】考查There be句型。句意：总有其他事情会让这个世界变得令人兴奋。分析句子结构，结合句意可知，此处是There be句型，表示“存在，有”。故选D。

阅读理解

Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.

Recite and repeat in conversation.

When you hear a person’s name，repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.

Ask the other person to recite and repeat.

You can let other people help you remember their names. After you’ve been introduced to someone，ask that person to spell the name mad pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names.

Admit you don’t know.

Admitting that you can’t remember someone’s name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say. “I’m working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?”

Use associations.

Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example，you could make a mental note:“Vicki Cheng -- tall, black hair.” To reinforce your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.

Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.

When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.

Go early.

Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others—an automatic review for you.

【1】How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names?

A. They will be moved.

B. They will be annoyed.

C. They will be delighted.

D. They will be discouraged.

【2】When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember __ A. all their names B. a couple of names first

C. just their last names

D. as many names as possible

【3】What does the text mainly tell us?

A. Tips on an important social skill.

B. Importance of attending parties.

C. How to make use of associations.

D. How to recite and repeat names.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】A

【解析】文章介绍了一些如何记住新朋友名字的技巧。比如在谈话中反复的提及背诵，承认你不知道，关联记忆，少量多次记忆，开会时提早到位等。可以帮助我们尽快记住别人的名字。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二条Ask the other person to recite and repeat 中“Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names.”可知，人们对于别人努力记自己的名字会感到开心，故选Ｃ。【2】细节理解题。根据第五条Limit the number of new names you learn at one time中“Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names.”和“Last names can come later.”可知，名字优先，姓氏靠后。故选Ｂ。

【3】主旨大意题。文章第一段提到“Remembering names is an important social skill.”，结合全文，可知本文关于社会技能的一些建议。故选Ａ。

阅读理解

He was the baby with no name. Found and taken from the north Atlantic 6 days after the sinking of the Titanic in 1912, his tiny body so moved the salvage（救援）workers that they called him “our baby. ” In their home port of Halifax, Nova Scotia, people collected money for a headstone in front of the baby's grave, carved with the words: “To the memory of an unknown child. ” He has rested there ever since.

But history has a way of uncovering its secrets. On Nov. 5, this year, three members of a family from Finland arrived at Halifax and laid fresh flowers at the grave. “This is our baby,” says Magda Schleifer, 68, a banker. She grew up hearing stories about a great-aunt named Maria Panula, 42, who had sailed on the Titanic for America to be reunited with her husband. According to the information Mrs. Schleifer had gathered, Panula gave up her seat on a lifeboat to search for her five children --including a 13-month-old boy named Eino from whom she had become separated during the final minutes of the crossing. "We thought they were all lost in the sea," says Schleifer.

Now, using teeth and bone pieces taken from the baby's grave, scientists have compared the DNA from the Unknown Child with those collected from members of five families who lost relatives on the Titanic and never recovered the bodies. The result of the test points only to one possible person: young Eino. Now, the family sees: no need for a new grave. "He

belongs to the people of Halifax," says Schleifer. "They've taken care of him for 90 years. "

Adapted from People, November 25, 2002

【1】The baby travelled on the Titanic with his___________.

A.mother

B.parents

C.aunt

D.relatives

【2】What is probably the boy's last name?

A.Schleiferi

B.Eino.

C.Magda.

D.Panula.

【3】Some members of the family went to Halifax and put flowers at the child's grave on

Nov. 5__ .

A.1912

B.1954

C.2002

D.2004

【4】This text is mainly about how______________.

A.the unknown baby's body was taken from the north Atlantic

B.the unknown baby was buried in Halifax, Nova Scotia

C.people found out who the unknown baby was

D.people took care of the unknown baby for 90 years

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】C

【4】C

【解析】

本文是说明文。文章主要讲述的是现在的人们用最先进的DNA技术确认了在泰坦尼克号沉船中死去的孩子的来历。

【1】推理判断题。根据第二段中的According to the information Mrs Schleifer had gathered, Panula gave up her seat on a lifeboat to search for her five children--including a 13-month-old boy named Eino--from whom she had become separated during the final minutes of the crossing.（根据施莱弗收集到的信息，玛丽亚会放弃在救生艇的位置搜索她的五个孩子——包括一个名为Eino的13个月大的男孩。在横渡的最后几分钟，她和孩子走散了）可知，这个孩子是和他的母亲一起上船的。故选A。

【2】推理判断题。根据第二段中的She grew up hearing stories about a great aunt named Maria Panula, 42, who had sailed on the Titanic for America to be reunited with her husband.（她是听着42岁的姑母玛丽亚·帕努拉(Maria Panula)的故事长大的，她乘坐泰坦尼克号前往美国与丈夫团聚）和Maria gave up her seat on a lifeboat to search for her five children --including a 13-month-old boy named Eino, from whom she had become separated during the final minutes of the crossing.（玛丽亚会放弃在救生艇的位置搜索她的五个孩子——包括一个名为Eino的13个月大的男孩。在横渡的最后几分钟，她和孩子走散了）及国外结婚女性会改姓丈夫的姓可知，Panula是男孩母亲的姓，那么男孩也应该姓Panula。故选D。

【3】细节理解题。根据第二段中的But history has a way of uncovering