2019年大学英语四级考试模拟试卷
2019年大学英语四级考试模拟试题
Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word
bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single
line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank
more than once.
The method of making beer has changed over time.Hops(啤酒花),for
example,which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor,are a112611recent addition to the beverage.This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century.Now,researchers have found a112711ingredient in residue(残留物) from5000-year-old beer brewing equipment.While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China,scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers112811they were used to brew,filter,and store beer.They may be ancient“beer-making tools,”and the earliest112911 evidence of beer brewing in China,the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.To113011that theory,the team examined the yellowish,dried113111inside the vessels.The majority of the grains,about80%, were from central crops like barley(大麦),and about10%were bits of roots, 113211lily,which would have made the beer sweeter,the scientists say.Barley was
an unexpected find:the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn’t become a113311food in central China until about2,000years ago,according to the researchers.Based on that timing,they indicate barley may have113411in the region not as food,but as113511material for beer brewing.
A)arrived
B)consuming
C)direct
D)exclusively
E)including
F)inform I)relatively J)remains K)resources L)staple M)suggest N)surprising
G)raw
O)test
H)reached
Section B
Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the
paragraphs.Indentify the paragraph from which the information is
derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is
marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.
The Blessing and Curse of the People Who Never Forget
A handful of people can recall almost every day of their lives in enormous detail —and after years of research,neuroscientists are finally beginning to understand how they do it.
[A]For most of us,memory is a mess of blurred and faded pictures of our lives.As
much as we would like to cling on to our past,even the saddest moments can be washed away with time.
[B]Ask Nima Veiseh what he was doing for any day in the past15years,however,
and he will give you the details of the weather,what he was wearing,or even what side of the train he was sitting on his journey to work.“My memory is like a library of video tapes,walk-throughs of every day of my life from walking to sleeping,”he explains.
[C]Veiseh can even put a date on when those tapes started recording:15
December2000,when he met his first girlfriend at his best friend’s16th birthday party.He had always had a good memory,but the thrill of young love seems to have shifted a gear in his mind:from now on,he would start recording his whole life in detail.“I could tell you everything about every day after that.”
[D]Needless to say,people like Veiseh are of great interest to neuroscientists(神经
科学专家)hoping to understand the way the brain records our lives.A couple of recent papers have finally opened a window on these people’s extraordinary minds.And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relieve our past with greater clarity.
[E]‘Highly superior autobiographical memory’(or HSAM for short),first came
to light in the early2000s,with a young woman named Jill Price.Emailing the neuroscientist and memory researcher Jim McGaugh one day,she claimed that she could recall every day of her life since the age of12.Could he help explain her experiences?
[F]McGaugh invited her to his lab,and began to test her:he would give her a
date and ask her to tell him about the world events on that day.True to her word,she was correct almost every time.
[G]It didn’t take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come to
understand her“total recall”,and thanks to the subsequent media interest,a few dozen other subjects(including Veiseh)have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California,Irvine.
[H]Interestingly,their memories are highly self-centered:although they can
remember“autobiographical”life events in extraordinary detail,they seem to be no better than average at recalling impersonal information,such as random (任意选取的)lists of words.Nor are they necessarily better at remembering a round of drinks,say.And although their memories are vast,they are still likely to suffer from“false memories.”Clearly,there is no such thing as a“perfect”
memory—their extraordinary minds are still using the same flawed tools that the rest of us rely on.The question is,how?
[I]Lawrence Patihis at the University of Southern Mississippi recently studied
around20people with HSAM and found that they scored particularly high on two measures:fantasy proneness(倾向)and absorption.Fantasy proneness could be considered a tendency to imagine and daydream,whereas absorption is the tendency to allow your mind to become fully absorbed in an activity—to pay complete attention to the sensations(感受)and the
experiences.“I’m extremely sensitive to sounds,smells and visual detail,”
explains Nicole Donohue,who has taken part in many of these studies.“I definitely feel things more strongly than the average person.”
[J]The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis,and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months.Each time this initial memory trace is“replayed”,it becomes even stronger.In some ways,you probably go through that process after a big event like your wedding day—but the differences is that thanks to their other psychological tendencies,the HSAM subjects are doing it day in,day out,for the who of their lives.
[K]Not everyone with a tendency to fantasise will develop HSAM,though,so Patihis suggests that something must have caused them to think so much
about their past.“Maybe some experience in their childhood meant that they became obsessed(着迷)with calendars and what happened to them,”says Patihis.
[L]The people with HSAM I’ve interviewed would certainly agree that it can be a mixed blessing.On the plus side,it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences.Veiseh,for instance,travelled a lot in his youth.In his spare time,he visited the local art galleries,and the paintings are now lodged deep in his autobiographical memories.
[M]“Imagine being able to remember every painting,on every wall,in every gallery space,between nearly40countries,”he says.“That’s a big education in art by itself.”With this comprehensive knowledge of the history of art,he has since become a professional painter.
[N]Donohue,now a history teacher,agrees that it helped during certain parts of her education:“I can definitely remember what I learned on certain days at school.I could imagine what the teacher was saying or what it looked like in the book.”
[O]Not everyone with HSAM has experienced these benefits,however.Viewing the past in high definition can make it very difficult to get over pain and regret.
“It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments,”says Donohue.“You feel the same emotions—it is just as raw,just as fresh…You can’t turn off that stream of memories,no matter how hard you try.”Veiseh agrees:“It is like having these open wounds—they are just a part of you,”he says.
[P]This means they often have to make a special effort to lay the past to rest.Bill, for instance,often gets painful“flashbacks”,in which unwanted memories
intrude into his consciousness,but overall he has chosen to see it as the best way of avoiding repeating the same mistakes.“Some people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories,but that’s not the case for me.I look forward to each day and experiencing something new.”
36.People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes
to impersonal information.
37.Fantasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HSAM.
38.Veiseh began to remember the details of his everyday experiences after he
met his first young love.
39.Many more people with HSAM started to contact researchers due to the mass
media.
40.People with HSAM often have to make efforts to avoid focusing on the past.
41.Most people do not have clear memories of past events.
42.HSAM can be both a curse and blessing.
43.A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed
her unusual memory.
44.Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.
45.A recent study of people with HSAM reveals that they are liable to fantasy and
full absorption in an activity.
Section C
Directions:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four
choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best
choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a
single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions46to50are based on the following passage.
The phrase almost completes itself:midlife crisis.It’s the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing,their prospects narrowing and death approaching.
There’s only one problem with the cliché(套话).It isn’t true.
“In fact,there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago,”Barbra Hagerty writes in her new
book,Life Reimagined.The bulk of the research shows that there may be a pause, or a shifting gears in the40s or50s,but this shift“can be exciting,rather than terrifying.”
Barbra Hagerty looks at some of the features of people who turn midlife into a rebirth.They break routines,because“autopilot is death.”They choose purpose over happiness—having a clear sense of purpose even reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.They give priority to relationships,as careers often recede (淡化).
Life Reimagined paints a picture of middle age that is far from gloomy.Midlife seems like the second big phase of decision-making.Your identity has been formed;you’ve built up your resources;and now you have the chance to take the big risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.
Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way.At middle age,he wrote,“the
sowing is behind;now is the time to reap.The run has been taken;now is the time to leap.Preparation has been made;now is the time for the venture of the work itself.”
The middle-aged person,Barth continued,can see death in the distance,but moves with a“measured haste”to get big new things done while there is still time.
What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today.People are healthy and energetic longer.We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age68,69and74.A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself.What could have been considered the beginning of a descent in now a potential turning point—the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.
46.What does the author think of the phrase“midlife crisis”?
A)It has led to a lot of debate.C)It is no longer fashionable.
B)It is widely acknowledged.D)It misrepresents real life.
47.How does Barbara Hagerty view midlife?
A)It may be the beginning of a crisis.
B)It can be a new phase of one’s life.
C)It can be terrifying for the unprepared.
D)It may see old-age diseases approaching.
48.How is midlife pictured in the book Life Reimagined?
A)It can be quite rosy.
B)It can be burdensome.
C)It undergoes radical transformation.
D)It makes for the best part of one’s life.
49.According to Karl Barth,midlife is the time________.
A)to relax C)to harvest
B)to mature D)to reflect
50.What does the author say about midlife today?
A)It is more meaningful than other stages of life.
B)It is likely to change the narrative of one’s life.
C)It is more important to those with longer lifespan.
D)It is likely to be a critical turning point in one’s life. Passage Two
Questions51to55are based on the following passage.
In spring,chickens start laying again,bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end.So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.
Some traditions are simple,like red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads.Others elevate the egg into a fancy art,like the heavily jewel-covered “eggs”that were favored by the Russians starting in the19th century.
One ancient form of egg art come to us from Ukraine.For centuries,Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs.Contemporary artists have followed this tradition to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age:Life is precious,and delicate.Eggs are,too.
“There’s something about their delicate nature that appeals to me,”says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast.Several years ago,she became interested in eggs and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modern
characters.“I’ve broken eggs at every stages of the process—from the very beginning to the very,very end.”
But there’s an appeal in that vulnerability.“There’s part of this sickening horror of knowing you’re walking on the edge with this,that I kind of like, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second.”Chast’s designs,such as a worried man alone in a tiny rowboat,reflect that delicateness.
Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears.The elaborate patterns were believed to offer protection against evil.
“There’s an ancient legend that as long as these eggs are made,evil will not prevail in the world,”says Joan Brander,a Canadian egg-painter who has been painting eggs for over60years,having learned the art from her Ukrainian relatives.
The tradition,dating back to300B.C.,was later incorporated into the Christian
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
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大学英语四级专项训练
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大学英语四级考试真题及答案(三套全)
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes） Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures. B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C) They are only about half an inch thick. D) They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research. B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species. 6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks. B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance. C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.
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大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)
大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s
大学英语四级考试专项练习题：完形填空(一)
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.360docs.net/doc/f93357869.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） In a telephone survey of more than 2，000 adults，21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转)around the earth. An 71 7% did not know which revolved around 72. I have no doubt that 73 all of these people were 74 in school that the earth revolves around the sun; 75 may even have written it 76 at test. But they never 77 their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) 78 because their every day observations didn’t support 79 their teachers told them: People see the sun moving 80 the sky as morning turns to night，and the earth seems stationary (静止的) 81 that is happening. Students can learn the right answers 82 heart in class，and yet never combined them 83 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 84 personal understanding of the world can 85 side by side，each unaffected by the other. Outside of class，the student continues to use the 86 model because it has always worked well 87 that circumstance. Unless professors address 88 errors in students’personal models of the world，students are not 89 to replace them with the 90 one. 71.A.excessive B. extraC. additionalD. added 72.A.what B. whichC. thatD. other 73.A.virtually B. remarkablyC. ideallyD. preferably 74.A.learned B. suggestedC. taughtD. advised 75.A.those B. theseC. whoD. they 76.A.on B. withC. underD. for 77.A.formed B. alteredC. believedD. thought 78.A.operation B. positionC. motionD. location 79.A.how B. whichC. thatD. what 80.A.around B. acrossC. onD. above 81.A.since B. soC. whileD. for 82.A.to B. byC. inD. with 83.A.with B. intoC. toD. along 84.A.adult’s B. teacher’sC. scientist’sD. student’s 85.A.exist B. occurC. surviveD. maintain 86.A.private B. individualC. personalD. own 87.A.in B. withC. onD. for 88.A.general B. naturalC. similarD. specific 89.A.obliged B. likelyC. probableD. partial 90.A.perfectB. betterC. reasonableD. correct 【答案】： 71.C72.B73.A74.C75.D76.A77.B78.C79.D80.B 81.C82.B 83.A84.D85.A86.C87.A88.D89.B90.D 【答案解析】： 71.C四个答案都有“额外”的意思，但各有偏重。A重在表达“过量、超过正常的部分”;B是“在一类事物之外的额外部分”;D是“外加的”。因此只有C答案符合本题要求：“另外有7%的人不知道是谁绕着谁转。”
大学英语四级试卷-英语四级考试模拟题及答7
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Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite
大学英语四级考试模拟试题
大学英语四级考试模拟试题
大学英语四级考试模拟试题 Model Test Five Part ⅠListening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. Choose the correct answer---A, B, C or D, and then, mark your answer by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Section A (C) 11. A) He will only be available in the afternoon. B) It’s not his office hour. C) He doesn’t have time. D) He is too tired after class. (A) 12. A) The woman insists on going out. B) The woman doesn’t like watching TV. C) The man promised her a gift on her birthday. D) The man is too tired to go out. (B) 13. A) There are too many courses offered to
2019大学英语四级考试阅读专项练习(32)
2019大学英语四级考试阅读专项练习(32) Passage 2 If you are looking for information, library shelves are a good place to start. But if you need up-to-the-minute data or have specialized needs, you may find a computerized database more useful, less expensive, and less time 11 .A database, a file of information on one subject or family of subjects, can be stored and 12 in a computer's memory. The speed of the computer then 13 you to recall any item in this file almost 14 The three main types of databases are statistical, bibliographic, and full text. Statistical databases store 15 amounts of numerical data, such as wage and price indexes, census information, foreign 16 rates and bond prices. Bibliographic databases store references to and summaries of articles in periodicals and newspapers. Full-text databases offer the complex texts of such 17 as newspaper, magazine, and journal articles. Thousands of databases exist today, and their numbers are growing. Many companies have their in-house database, which is 18 to employees through computer terminals or microcomputers. In addition, several hundred commercial databases are now available to the 19 , with literally millions of items of information readily obtainable. These databases 20 specific fields, such as law and financial forecasting, or general information, such as sports and weather data. A. exchange B. public C. instantly D. cover