国际经济学试题答案
〈〈国际经济学》选择题汇总版(附答案)
Ch1-Ch3
1. The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries be cause
A) the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.
B) the United States is a “ Superpower"
C) the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anythi ng.
D) the United States invests in many other countries.
E) many countries invest in the United States.
2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,
A) the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.
B) the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.
C) the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it i nvolves a financial intermediary in New York State.
D) the U.S. may not impose export duties.
E) the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.
3. International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields
A) macro and micro.
B) developed and less developed.
C) monetary and barter .
D) international trade and international money.
E) static and dynamic.
4. International monetary analysis focuses on
A) the real side of the international economy .
B) the international trade side of the international economy .
C) the international investment side of the international economy .
D) the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.
E) the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exc hange.
5. The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact that
A) trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.
B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.
C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.
D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the Europe an Union.
E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.
6. The gravity model explains why
A) trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden an d Spain.
B) countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.
C) capital rich countries export capital intensive products.
D) intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of trad e between neighboring
countries.
E) European countries rely most often on natural resources.
7. Why does the gravity model work?
A) Large economies became large because they were engaged in internation al trade.
B) Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on government promotion of trade and investment.
C) Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a productive activity will take place within the borders of that country
D) Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more o n imports.
E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.
8. We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably mo re with the United States than with many other countries.
A) This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.
B) This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.
C) This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smal l countries.
D) This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large co untries.
E) This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.
9. In the present, most of the exports from China are
A) manufactured goods.
B) services.
C) primary products including agricultural.
D) technology intensive products.
E) overpriced by world market standards.
10. A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative a dvantage gains from trade because it
A) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively
B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestic ally.
C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.
D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.
E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.
11. The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle of comparative advantage result to
A) differences in technology .
B) differences in preferences.
C) differences in labor productivity.
D) differences in resources.
E) gravity relationships among countries.
12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find its consumption bundle
A) inside its production possibilities frontier .
B) on its production possibilities frontier .
C) outside its production possibilities frontier.
D) inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier .
E) on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier .
13. Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United States equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour . Pro duction costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan if
A) U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.
B) U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.
C) U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.
D) U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.
E) U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.
14. In a two-country , two-product world, the statement “ Germanyenjoys a comparative advantage over France in autos relative to ships 'is equivalent to
A) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.
B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ships.
C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.
D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany
E) France should produce autos.
15. If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the wid get axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know that
A) the United States has no comparative advantage
B) Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.
C) the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter .
D) Germany has comparative advantages in both products.
E) the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.
Ch4-Ch5
1. The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can b
e mutually beneficial. Why , then, do governments restrict imports o
f some
g oods?
A) Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income .
B) The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can be mutually beneficial.
C) Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries .
D) Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domest ic standards of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit dom estic consumers.
2. Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact that
A) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.
B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore expo rts most of its rice crop.
C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in fre e trade in rice.
D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.
E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country .
3. In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specif ic factor?
A) Labor
B) Land
C) Cloth
D) Food
E) Technology
4. The specific factors model assumes that there are goods and __ factor(s) of production.
A) two; three
B) two; two
C) two; one
D) three; two
E) four; three
5. The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measure d on the
horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors mo del is equal to and it as more cloth is produced.
A) -MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeper
B) -MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatter
C) -MPLF/MPLC; is constant
D) -MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeper
E) -MPLC/MPLF; is constant
6. Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produc e cloth will be equal to
A) the slope of the production possibility frontier .
B) the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.
C) the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to th e marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.
D) the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the pric e of cloth.
E) the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the producti on of cloth.
7. In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the qua ntity of labor used in cloth production?
A) an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of food
B) an increase in the price of food relative to that of cloth
C) a decrease in the price of labor
D) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and cloth
E) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth
8. A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only if
A) it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.
B) it employs a unique technology .
C) pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.
D) its wage rate is below the world average.
E) pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.
9. In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are
_ for mobile factors,for fixed factors used to produce the exporte d good, and for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.
A) ambiguous; positive; negative
B) ambiguous; negative; positive
C) positive; ambiguous; ambiguous
D) negative; ambiguous; ambiguous
E) positive; positive; positive
10. The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing indust
ries will be jobs and pay because they are relatively
A) fewer; lower; mobile
B) fewer; lower; immobile
C) more; lower; immobile
D) more; higher; mobile
E) more; higher; immobile
11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade because
A) there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unempl oyment rate.
B) the gains from free trade cannot be measured.
C) those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.
D) foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.
E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who ga in.
12.In the 2-factor , 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differ i n
A) tastes and preferences.
B) military capabilities.
C) the size of their economies.
D) relative abundance of factors of production.
E) labor productivities.
13. If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measured on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of it s production possibility frontier is equal to
A) the opportunity cost of good X.
B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y .
C) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y .
D) the opportunity cost of good Y .
E) the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by t he cost of labor .
14. In the 2-factor , 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will the o
wners of a country's factor and will the good that uses t
hat factor intensively .
A) benefit; abundant; export
B) harm; abundant; import
C) benefit; scarce; export
D) benefit; scarce; import
E) harm; scarce; export
15. The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model mea ns that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely that
A) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier .
B) countries will benefit from free international trade.
C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.
D) comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.
E) global production will decrease under trade.
16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land r ich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, fo rmerly autarkic countries will result in
A) an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.
B) an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.
C) a global increase in the relative price of food.
D) a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.
E) an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.
17. Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin mode
l, if Country H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade begins
A) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.
B) wages and rents should rise in H.
C) wages and rents should fall in H.
D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.
E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.
18. The Leontieff Paradox
A) failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.
B) supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.
C) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.
D) failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory .
E) proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.
19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?
A) Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors across borders.
B) An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both th e capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.
C) In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.
D) The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industries.
E) Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a count ry, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.
20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?
A) An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-intensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive go od.
B) An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both th e capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.
C) In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.
D) Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors across borders.
E) Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a count ry, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.
Ch6-Ch10
1.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increase s in the