2022高一英语语法专练：专题1 名词(学生版+解析版)
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题 (考点清单+精讲+好题回顾)--状语从句一(学生版)
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（状语从句一）学生版状语从句分类及连接词考点清单一、让步状语从句要点精讲1：though/although引导的让步状语从句although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，与although 替换，也可用倒装语序，与as替换。
特别注意：although, though从句均不能与but连用。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2015﹒湖南改编)________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.2. (2015﹒福建改编)_________the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.要点精讲2：as/though引导的让步状语从句as/though引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语（形容词、名词）、状语（副词）或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
特别注意as/though后面仍是陈述语序。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
3. Much ______I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.4. Strange ________ it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.5. Try ________ she might, Carolina couldn't get the door open.6. Doctor as he is, but he knows little about medicine. 改错7. Heavy as it is raining, they are still working outside. 改错要点精讲3：while引导的让步状语从句while“虽然，尽管”，多用于正式文体，且多位于句首，可以与though, although替换。
2022英语专业《英语语法教程(章振邦)》专有名词汇总最新版
morpheme词素free morpheme自由词素（用法use alone as simple word简单词充当root词根＋affix词缀（为derivational affix）＝derivative派生词free morpheme＋other free morpheme＝compound word复合词）bound morpheme粘附词素（分类＝词缀affix＋组合形式combining form）（①用法inflectional affix屈折词缀；derivational affix派生词缀（prefix前缀suffix 后缀）＋root＝derivative②充当root即bound root粘附词根＋affix＝primitive derivative原始派生词；＋word＝compound word；＋combining form＝neo-classical compound新古典复合词）Δallomorph词素变体word单词（构词法simple word、derivation、compound word（compound noun/adjective/verb/adverb/pronoun/conjun ction连词/preposition介词）（语法功能closed class封闭词类→function word功能词（preposition、pronoun、determiner限定词、conjunction、auxiliary 助动词）、open class开放词类→content word 实义词（noun、adjective、adverb、main verb 主动词、cardinal numeral基数词、ordinal numeral序数词）interjection感叹词介于两者之间transitional word过渡词phrase词组（head或headword中心词）noun/adjective/adverb/verb/prepositional phraseclause分句independent clause独立分句dependent/subordinate clause从属分句（从句）main clause主句simple clause简单分句simple sentence简单句complex clause复杂分句complex sentence复杂句finite clause限定分句non-finite clause非限定分句（infinitive clause 不定式分句、-ing participle clause-ing分词分句、-ed participle clause-ed分词分句）verbless clause无动词分句nominal clause名词性分句clause element分句成分（central element中心成分→subject、predicate verb/predicator 谓语动词、object、complement（subject complement＋object complement）、adverbial（adjunct/depictive adverbial））peripheral element外围成分→stance adverbial/disjunct评注性状语、linking adverbial/conjunct连接性状语……parenthesis插入语）basic clause type分句基本类型subject主语predicate谓语double predicate双重谓语complementation补足成分Δnotional subject实义主语（real subject真主语）logical subject逻辑主语sentence句子full sentence完全句（simple sentence、compound sentence并列句、complex sentence、compound-complex sentence并列复杂句）minor sentence不完全句主谓一致（主-动-致subject-verb concord）concord/agreement一致grammatical concord语法一致notional concord意义一致principle of proximity就近原则coordinate subject并列结构做主语noun phrase of amount or quantity表示数量概念的名词词组noun→noun phrase→complex noun phrase 词汇意义proper noun专有名词、commonnoun（individual noun、collective noun、mass noun/material noun、abstract noun）语法特征count/countable noun、non-count/uncountable nounnumber数→语法范畴singular number单数plural number复数（regular plural、irregular plural）partitive单位词（unit noun单位名词）case格→语法术语nominative case主格、genitive/possessive case属格/所有格、dative case与格、accusation case宾格→old English古英语genitive/possessive case、common case通格→modern English现代英语independent genitive独立属格double genitive双重属格determinerreferential meaning所指意义→specific reference特指、generic reference类指definite quantity确定数量indefinite quantity非确定数量分类：predeterminer前位限定词、central determiner、postdeterminerarticle冠词definite article定冠词indefinite article不定冠词zero article 零冠词definite specific reference确定特指（anaphoric specific reference后照应特指、cataphoric specific reference前照应特指、situational reference语境特指）indefinite specific reference非确定特指adjective形容词（open class）词的构成→one-word adjective单词形容词、compound adjective复合形容词句法功能→central adjective中心形容词、peripheral adjective外围形容词词汇意义→dynamic adjective动态形容词、stative adjective静态形容词词汇意义→gradable adjective等级形容词、non-gradable adjective非等级形容词modifier修饰语premodifier前置修饰语postmodifier后置修饰语subject complement、object complementΔcausative construction使役结构adverb→adverb phrase词的构成→simple adverb简单副词、derivative adverb派生副词词汇意义→adverb of mannar方式副词、adverb of degree程度副词、adverb of frequency频度副词、adverb of time时间副词、conjunctive adverb连接副词（the head/headword of the verb phrase when used as a linking adverbial/conjunct）usage①modifier②adverbial （adjunct/depictive adverbial修饰性状语、disjunct/stance adverbial评注性状语、conjunct/linking adverbial连接性状语）比较等级和比较结构比较等级：当adjective和adverb用于比较结构时采取的特殊的语法形式比较结构：形容词和副词比较等级用于句子当中便形成了比较结构gradable可等级的positive/absolute degree原级comparative degree比较级superlative degree最高级comparative degree and superlative degree both have two forms→regular form and irregular formregular form has two expressions①synthetic form综合形式（add suffixes-er or-est to the positive/absolute degree）②analytic form分析形式（add more or most before positive/absolute degree）comparative construction比较结构gradable noun可等级名词Δnucleus调核代词pronoun（closed class封闭词类）personal pronoun人称代词（person人称形式→first/second/third第一/二/三人称）possessive pronoun物主代词＝genitivepronoun属格代词（按语法功能分类→nominal genitive pronoun名词性属格代词、determiner genitive pronoun限定词性属格代词词）possessive determiner物主限定词（my、your 等）reflexive form反身形式reflexive pronoun反身代词（9个）（用法→emphatic use强调性用法、unemphatic use 非强调性用法）reciprocal pronoun相互代词demonstrative pronoun指示代词demonstrative determiner指示限定词demonstrative指示词interrogative pronoun疑问代词relative pronoun关系代词indefinite pronoun不定代词（分类→numeral 数次和quantifier量词、compound pronoun 复合代词）referent对象＝antecedent先行项pronoun reference代词照应（anaphoric reference前照应、cataphoric reference后照应、situational reference情景照应；personal reference人称照应、demonstrative reference 指示照应）Δnoun of common gender通性名词、pro-verb代动词介词prepositionsimple/complex preposition简单/复杂介词、two-word/three-word/four-word preposition 双词/三词/四词介词Δanalytic language分析性语言、word order 词序（nomal order正常词序＝natural order 自然词序）动词与动词词组verb动词（main verb主动词、auxiliary助动词→primary auxiliary基本主动词、modal auxiliary情态助动词、semi-auxiliary半助动词＝semi-modal半情态助动词）Δmarginal modal auxiliary边际情态助动词（need、dare 等）verb phrase动词词组（simple verb phrase简单动词词组、complex verb phrase复杂动词词组、finite verb phrase限定动词词组、non-finite verb phrase非限定动词词组）notional verb实义动词contracted form缩略形式transitive verb及物动词（monotransitive verb 单宾语及物动词、ditransitive verb双宾语及物动词、complex-transitive verb复杂及物动词）intransitive verb不及物动词、linking verb 连系动词dynamic verb动态动词、stative verb静态动词single-word verb单词动词、phrasal verb词组动词（verbal idiom成语动词）regular verb规则动词、irregular verb不规则动词finite verb限定动词、non-finite verb非限定动词finite form限定形式、non-finite form非限定形式base form原形grammatical form语法形式（5种）Δmodal idiom情态成语时tense、体aspectpresent tense现在时、past tense过去时progressive aspect进行体、perfective aspect 完成体simple present/past一般现在时/过去时present/past progressive现在/过去进行体present/past perfective现在/过去完成体present/past perfective progressive现在/过去完成进行体future tense将来时pure future单纯将来语态voiceactive/passive voice主动/被动态active/passive sentence主动/被动句BE-passive be-型被动态GET-passive get-型被动态mood式（语气）subjunctive mood虚拟语气、indicative mood 陈述语气、imperative mood祈使语气hypothetical meaning假设意义＝non-factual meaning非事实意义BE-subjunctive be-型虚拟、were-subjunctive were-型虚拟情态意义表示法ability能力、possibility可能、permission许可、obligation义务、necessity必然、prediction 预见、assumption推测、willingness意愿、intention意图、determination决心epistemic推测性、non-epistemic非推测性Δparaphrase意译非限定形式non-finite form①infinitive不定式to-infinitive带to不定式、bare infinitive不带to不定式Δsplit infinitive分裂不定式②-ing participle-ing分词（present participle 现在分词、gerund动名词）③-ed participle-ed分词（past participle过去分词）dangling participle悬垂分词（unattached participle无依着分词）attachment rule依着法则Δabsolute construction独立结构relative clause关系分句（restrictive relative clause限制性关系分句、non-restrictive relative clause非限制性关系分句）double relative clause双重关系分句embedded relative clause/pushdown relative clause嵌入式关系分句relative word关系词（relative pronoun关系代词、relative adverb关系副词、relative determiner关系限定词）attributive clause定语从句antecedent先行项、old information旧信息、given/known information已知信息register语域style语体statement陈述句（declarative sentence）emphasizer强调词、reinforcement tag强调附加结构、double negative双重否定、rhetorical question修辞疑问句、operator操作词、intonation pattern调型（low fall低降调、high fall高降调、low rise低升调、fall rise 降升调）question疑问句（interrogative sentence）（分类→general/special/alternative/tag一般＝yes-no question是非问句/特殊＝wh-question wh问句/选择/附加疑问句）command祈使句（imperative sentence）、exclamation感叹句（exclamatory sentence）interrogative exclamation问句型感叹句、echo exclamation重复感叹句existential sentence存在句complex existential sentence复杂存在句finite existential sentence限定存在句non-finite existential sentence非限定存在句locative adverbial地点状语temporal adverbial时间状语Δrheme述位IT-句型和否定结构non-referring it非指代性itassertive word肯定词non-assertive word非肯定词negative word否定词semi-negative半否定词scope of negation否定范围focus of negation否定焦点transferred negation转移否定double negation双重否定local negation局部否定pleonastic/superfluous negation多余否定并列结构coordinate structure coordinator并列连词correlative coordinator关联并列连词quasi-coordinator近似并列连词compound sentence并列句asyndetic coordination不带连词的并列结构syndetic coordinate带连词的并列结构predication述谓成分parallelism排比（作为修辞手法的并列结构）、parallel construction排比结构climax高潮从属结构subordinate construction subordination从属subordinator从属连词simple subordinator简单从属连词（one-word subordinator单词从属连词）complex subordinator复杂从属连词correlative subordinator关联从属连词marginal subordinator边际从属连词same time同时性earlier time先时性later time后时性nominal relative clause名词性关系分句nominal that-clause名词性that分句nominal wh-clause名词性wh-分句adverbial clause of time/place/manner/cause/result/purpose/co ndition/concession/accompanying circumstances时间/地点/方式/原因/结果/目的/条件/让步/伴随状语分句条件句conditionalreal conditional真实条件句unreal conditional非真实条件句implied conditional含蓄条件句basic form基本形式variant form变体形式alternative form替换形式直接引语和间接引语direct speech直接引语indirect speech间接引语reporting word引述动词free direct speech自由直接引语free indirect speech自由间接引语修饰modificationsquinting modification偏斜修饰、discontinuous modification分隔修饰、transferred modification转移修饰、partial modification局部修饰、multiple modification 多重修饰premodifier前置修饰语、postmodifier后置修饰语、restrictive modifier限制性修饰语、non-restrictive modifier非限制性修饰语、transferred modifier/epithet转移修饰语、squinting modifier偏斜修饰语contrastive meaning对比意义替代substitutionnominal/verbal/clausal名词性/动词性/分句性替代substitute替代词（nominal/verbal/clausal substitute名词/动词/分句替代词）省略ellipsis、situational ellipsis情景省略强调emphasis、rhetorical repetition修辞重复postponement后置、end focus句尾焦点、end weight句尾重心、periodic sentence尾重句、loose sentence松散句、trailing sentence 拖沓句fronting前置、inversion倒装（full inversion 完全倒装、partial inversion部分倒装cleft sentence分裂句、pseudo-cleft sentence 假分裂句focus element中心成分morphology词法、syntax句法、text语篇（＝discourse口语中）、sentence group句群（语段）、paragraph段落、correctness正确性、appropriacy适合性、unity统一性、coherence连贯性、cohesion 粘着性、mobility流动性、clearness清晰性logical connector逻辑纽带、grammatical connector语法纽带、lexical connector词汇纽带literary language文学语言、textual rhetoric 语篇修辞标点符号punctuationperiod/full stop/stop句号、question mark问号、exclamation mark感叹号、comma逗号、semicolon分号、colon冒号、ellipsis省略号、dash破折号、brackets/parentheses括号、quotation mark引号、hyphen连字号、apostrophe撇号、slant斜线、italics斜体、underlining下划线、。
2022高一英语语法专练：专题7 介词和连词(学生版+解析版)
介词和连词1. Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, _____ just depending on the teacher.A. rather thanB. other thanC. more thanD. less than2. The law requires equal treatment for all,_____race,religion,or sex.A. with regard toB. regardless ofC. in relation toD. in terms of3. One of the first things that Jane did ______ getting home was to check on her kids.A. toB. forC. ofD. on4. The chairman remained silent ______ the whole debate.A. fromB. whileC. withD. throughout5. The devoted and determined single mother brought up her five children single-handed. Which of the following is Wrong?A. without others’ assistanceB. independent of other’s helpC. completely of her ownD. all by herself6. Steve Jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company.A. despite… whichB. regardless… thatC. in spite of… thatD. against… in which7. Steve Jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company.A. despite… whichB. regardless… thatC. in spite of… thatD. against… in which8. Nowadays people rely increasingly________the Internet ________ information.A. on; onB. upon; withC. on; ofD. on; for9. _____ the honored national hero, we set up a primary school _____ after him.A. In honor of; namingB. In face of; namedC. In place of; namingD. In memory of; named10. The drug ______ children came under strong attack from ______ professional observers who were deeply ______ its widespread use among kids.A. concerning; concerned; concerned withB. concerning; concerned; concerned abou tC. concerned; concerning; concerned aboutD. concerned; concerning; concerned with11. He has loved me____I were his son.A. becauseB. asC. ifD. as if12. Do your best, ________ you will succeed.A. orB. andC. /D. but13. ____________ China has made advances in 5G technology, there is still a long way to go for its popularity.A. IfB. BecauseC. SinceD. While14. These masterpieces in the Louvre Museum reach out to us across the centuries ______ time itself were nothing.A. even ifB. even thoughC. as thoughD. only if15.I’m determined to get a seat for the concert ________ it means standing in a queue all night.A. as thoughB. in caseC. even ifD. now that16. The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. that if17. When faced with danger, don’t panic, ______ you will find a so lution.A. orB. butC. soD. and18. ---Does David love playing soccer?---Yes. He plays soccer almost every day______it rains heavily.A. whetherB. ifC. unlessD. as19. — Are you going to stay overnight?—Not ________ it’s ly necessary.A. whenB. onceC. sinceD. unless20. ____________ the advances in technology, students can learn online at home during the epidemic period.A. In addition toB. Thanks toC. In spite ofD. According to介词和连词1. Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, _____ just depending on the teacher.A. rather thanB. other thanC. more thanD. less than【答案解析】A【详解】考查介词短语辨析。
(2018-2022)五年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题01 冠词、名词(学生版+解析版)
9.（2021全国乙卷）___________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)
10.（2021北京卷）Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse________(idea)．
2．（2022全国甲卷）____________friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
3.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate___________festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
13.（2020新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular__________(interesting) to scientists
14.（2020新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a___________(celebrate) marking the end of the winter seasonand the beginning of spring.
2022年高考英语语法详解及专项训练
2022年高考英语语法详解及专项训练句法之句子成分详解句法主要讲句子的成分、种类和类型以及遣词造句的规律。
句子成分是句中起一定功用的一个组成部分。
句子成分可以分为八种！主语主语是句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或物，表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”。
主语通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或主语从句等担任，其位置在陈述句基本结构的前部。
如：Professor Wang is a well－known scholar. 王教授是一位著名的学者。
（名词）I read newspaper every day. 我每天读报。
（代词）Three plus six is nine. 三加六得九。
（数词）To become a professor has been his ambition.当教授一直是他的抱负。
（不定式）Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟对健康有害。
（动名词）What we shall do next is not yet decided.下一步我们做什么还未定下来。
（主语从句）The aged are well taken care of in the village.这个村里的老年人都得到了很好的照顾。
（名词化的形容词）谓语谓语说明主语的动作或状态的部分。
谓语通常由动词或动词短语担任，其位置在主语之后。
如：His mother is a doctor. 他的妈妈是一位大夫。
（系动词）We study English. 我们学习英语。
（行为动词）We should pay attention to English idioms．我们应注意英语的习语。
（动词短语）表语表语是在连系动词之后表示主语的性质、特征、状态或身份的部分。
表语通常由名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语以及动词不定式、动名词、分词或表语从句担任，其位置在连系动词之后。
如：His father is a lawyer. 他的父亲是律师。
2022高一英语语法专练：专题17 状语从句(学生版+解析版)
状语从句1. So long as you do what you can, no one will blame you ____________ you might fail in the future.A. as thoughB. in caseC. now thatD. even if2. It won't be long _our summer vacation begins, but my vacation plans are still up in the air.A. whenB. untilC. thatD. before3. _______ hip-hop is popular with youngsters, I’m still not accustomed _______ it.A. As, to appreciatingB. Although, to appreciateC. Even though, to appreciatingD. While, to appreciate4. Many people feel nervous _______ they attend a concert, so I recommend _______ the hall early to have enough time _______ yourself comfortable.A. at the first time, arriving, to makeB. the first time, to arrive, makingC. for the first time, reaching, makingD. the first time, getting to, to make5. ______ it comes to speaking in public, no one can match him.A. SinceB. WhenC. OnceD. After6. There is an illness that can result in total blindness ______ left untreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless7. I am determined to have a try ______ it means risking losing everything.A. now thatB. as thoughC. as long asD. even though8. The train had left the station I got there.A. as soon asB. immediatelyC. the momentD. by the time9. It was ten years they got married.A. whenB. thatC. sinceD. before10. _________ has recently been done to provide more buses, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.A. ThatB. WhatC. In spite of whatD. Though what11. The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than_________.A. that for usB. it has for usC. it did for usD. it did for ours12. You should take control of your life _________ it is planning coursework or picking a major.A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter13. _______ the World Table Tennis Championships in Suzhou cost a lot, it will surely bridge the distance between people throughout the world.A. WhenB. WhileC. IfD. As14. All bad things must come to________end, ________ terrible an experience is.A. the; whateverB. an; howeverC. /; howD. a; what15. ________ the sales figure of the new range of products is ly small, the potential market is large.A. UnlessB. AfterC. SinceD. While16. While watching television, ________.A. the doorbell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings17. The Chinese language __________ Western languages __________ , instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or ideas.A. differs from; in whichB. is different from; in thatC. differs from; in whatD. is different from; in where18. _________ jokes are likely to contribute to a pleasant atmosphere, you’ve got to be careful not to hurt others.A. SinceB. WhileC. IfD. As19. The Chinese language differs from Western languages _________ it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.A. so thatB. in thatC. in whichD. for which20. The library will be built ________ there used to be a factory.A. at whichB. whenC. whereD. as if状语从句1. So long as you do what you can, no one will blame you ____________ you might fail in the future.A. as thoughB. in caseC. now thatD. even if【答案解析】D【详解】考查让步状语从句。
2022届高考英语第一轮复习 语法专题十三 代词（含解析） 译林牛津版
语法专题十三代词代词是代替名词的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
考点一替代词it；one；that；thoe；one1．it特指上文所提到的同一个物，它所代替的名词常由the，thi，that等修饰。
one泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个，不特指，相当于a/an＋单数名词；one泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词；the one特指前面的可数名词单数，有时用that来代替（尤其是后面有后置定语时）；the one特指上文提到的复数名词，有时可以用thoe代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下。
that特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the＋可数名词单数/不可数名词”；that 的复数形式为thoe，替代可数名词复数，可指人也可指物。
Yeterda I ot m 李ething B．EverthingC．Anthing D．Nothing28．（2022·浙江名校联盟第一次联考）—What do ou thin of that houewife—She i ______ of a good houeee i awa a terribe meA．nobod B．omebodC．nothing D．omething29．Coud ou te me where ou bought our beautifu handbagI want to bu______ too A．one B．thatC．thi D．it30．Knowedge from rea ife in't eaier to forget than ______ achieved from tetboo A．it B．thatC．one D．thoe31．Mar' itted that he wa awa contrar to a wih of______A．them B．theirC．their D．themeve32．（2022·山西高三第二次诊断考试）—Given one more wee，I' get ______read —Then we' have a dinner out to ceebrate our ucceA．anthing B．everthingC．omething D．nothing33．（2022·江西白鹭洲中学高三上学期第二次月考）On average，the footuch arger than ______ of a humanA．that B．oneC．thoe D．one34．（2022·湖南湘中名校高三联考）To be a earned man，we mut eeind that we mut mae everthing in the boo______A．our own B．oureveC．our D．u35．（2022·河北衡水中学第一学期调考）—What about toda' teme a，if the weather reae it的含义是“抵达，做到，赶上，及时达到”，句意：今天上午萨拉到达机场刚好赶上飞机。
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名词1. In the________of further evidence,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term.A. presenceB. chargeC. controlD. absence2. Training of the employees was suggested as one _____ to dealing with the problem of low efficiency.A. methodB. wayC. approachD. means3. The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.A. prospectB. promotionC. priorityD. privilege4. Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park, I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.A. sightB. viewC. signD. scene5. The police are offering a $ 60,000 _____ for information about the killer.A. priceB. prizeC. awardD. reward6. All around the world, we can see kids playing football to their hearts’ ______.A. contentB. pleasureC. satisfactoryD. attraction7. Robert appeared on the stage. She took a deep breath and began to speak.Now she was Portia, a strong-willed ____in Shakespeare’s The Merchant o f Venice.A. memberB. actressC. playerD. character8. _____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. With9. Marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test of and willpower.A. insistenceB. enduranceC. preservationD. bravery10. The captain and were accused of abandoning passengers in South Korea ferry disaster.A. membersB. crewC. partnersD. team11. Rafael Nadal is a tennis champion equipped with a big heart, to win and resolution to defeat all his opponents.A. persuasionB. determinationC. fascinationD. accumulation12. President Donald Trump's first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress andthe media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _________ from tradition.A. departureB. benefitC. escapeD. lesson13. Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.A. topicB. shortcutC. cureD. recipe14. The literature masterpiece Macbeth by Shakespeare will be better understood if readers look at the tragedy in the historical _________ of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods, an era of stability.A. contentB. contestC. contextD. contact15. With the _______ of the mid-term examinations, the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous.A. approachB. accessC. attachmentD. appearance16. When you want to buy something, you need to take the price into ____________.A. decisionB. requirementC. considerationD. importance17. Marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test of and willpower.A. insistenceB. enduranceC. preservationD. bravery18. The captain and were accused of abandoning passengers in South Korea ferry disaster.A. membersB. crewC. partnersD. team19. Rafael Nadal is a tennis champion equipped with a big heart, to win and resolution to defeat all his opponents.A. persuasionB. determinationC. fascinationD. accumulation20. Our natural ________ are limited. This means that they will not________forever.A. energies; occurB. materials ; eruptC. resources ; lastD. sources; bury名词1. In the________of further evidence,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term.A. presenceB. chargeC. controlD. absence【答案解析】D【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：缺乏更一步的证据，警察不能在短时间内解决这桩谋杀案。
A. presence在场；B. charge管理；C. control控制；D. absence缺席。
根据,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term.可知，此处考查固定短语in the absence of“缺乏”，故选D项。
2. Training of the employees was suggested as one _____ to dealing with the problem of low efficiency.A. methodB. wayC. approachD. means【答案解析】C【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：员工培训被认为是解决效率低下问题的一种方法。
A. method方法；B. way方法，道路；C. approach 方法，方式，接近；D. means手段，方法。
固定搭配：approach to…“.…..的方法”。
故选C。
3. The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.A. prospectB. promotionC. priorityD. privilege【答案解析】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：他晋升为高级编辑的好消息给他的家人带来了极大的快乐。
A. prospect前途；B. promotion升职，晋升；C. priority优先权；D. privilege特权。
结合后文to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.可知此处指晋升（promotion）为高级编辑的好消息给他的家人带来了极大的快乐。
get a promotion“得到晋升”。
故选B。
4. Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park, I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.A. sightB. viewC. signD. scene【答案解析】D【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场面，我欣喜若狂，对我们国家的未来充满信心。
A. sight视力；眼界；见解；B. view视野；风景；C. sign标志；符合；D. scene场面；情景。