考研英语大作文十大功能段落归纳与范例
2014年考研英语大作文十大功能段落归纳与范例
一.历年真题段落类型归纳
第一段：[1.现象/现状说明段] [2.图画/图表描述段] [3.观点阐释段]
第二段：[4.利弊说明段] [5. 意义阐述段]
[6. 原因阐释段] [7. 举例说明段]
第三段：[8. 趋势预测段] [9. 建议措施段] [10. 归纳结论段]
1. 现象/现状说明段
It is commonly said that one’s first impression of a person is the most important one , and this is certainly true when applied to job interviews. This is because the manager often has to interview a dozen or more candidates in the space of only one or two hours, allotting no more than a few minutes to each.. Therefore, it is vital for the interviewee to make the best possible impression on his prospective employer during the interview.
2.图画/.图表描述段
The set of drawings above vividly depicts the destiny of a flower in different circumstances. As is shown in the first cartoon, the flower is placed in a comfortable greenhouse which shelters it from the threatening lightning and storm. With proper temperature, moisture and fertilizer, the flower is growing in full bloom. On the contrary, when removed from the greenhouse and exposed to the driving rain, the flower soon fades and withers, with the petals cast on the ground.
3.观点阐述段
Should the development of private cars be encouraged or restricted in China? To judge this issue, we should look at three aspects: What are the advantages of private cars; what are their disadvantages; and is China ready for the free development of private cars?
4.利弊说明段
Nowadays, any Chinese can enjoy the luxury of owning a private car---if he or she can afford it. Having a car of your own means no more traveling to work on crowded buses or subway trains, and you can drop off the children at school on the way. Moreover, it also means that you can enjoy the weekends and holidays better, because with a car you can go to places where the regular buses and trains do not go, and so you can find a quiet scenic spot with no crowds.
5.意义阐释段
The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to the decrease of ocean resources. Owing to over fishing, the number of fishes has obviously decreased. If we let this situation go as it is, we do not know where fish will be in the future. By that time, our environment will suffer a great destruction.
6.原因阐释段
Fake products are rampant on the market today for the following reasons. To profiteer enormously, quite a few firms produce shoddy goods. These producers do not take into account the quality of their products, but exaggerate their functions or effects. To make easy money, a number of stores knowingly sell counterfeit items. These sellers do not care whether or not the counterfeit items may cause damage to property and injury or even death to individuals, but fix their eyes on the money they can get from their customers.
7.举例说明段
For instance, when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his life. Or when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish her schooling and change her life, you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.
8.趋势预测段
However, the following figures indicate that the number of smokers is decreasing: The total value of tobacco production worldwide was 14.364 billion pounds in 1994, but this had dropped to 14.2 billion pounds by 1995. At the
same time, many countries have passed laws forbidding smoking in public places, and there is a global campaign to dissuade people from smoking. Therefore, I think that tobacco consumption will definitely decrease in the years to come.
9.建议措施段
Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from these thought-provoking drawings. On the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten the youth to be more independent in life. On the other hand, parents should be sensible enough to given their children more freedom to deal with troubles and problems. Only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability, and only in this way can they become winners in this competitive world.
10.归纳结论段
To sum up, we should offer our help to all the needed. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others. So when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, don't hesitate to give your love to him (her). I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and that our society will be a better place for us to live in.
功能句的写法
1.描述图画或图表的常用句型
As can be clearly seen from the picture, ... 从这张画中可以清楚地看到，……
As can be clearly seen from the picture, with the increase in cultural exchange among countries, an increasing number of foreigners are eager to visit China.
从这张画中可以清楚地看到，随着国际文化交流的增加，越来越多的外国人渴望访问中国。
As is shown above，... 正如上面所示，……
As is shown above, there are two cartoons presenting two quite different situations. One depicts people who are working hard, while the other implies that laziness results in failure.
正如上面所示，有两幅漫画描述了两种完全不同的情景。一幅描绘了人们在努力工作，而另一幅暗示了懒惰导致失败。
What a vivid picture it is! It tells us that...
这是一幅多么生动形象的画啊!它告诉我们……
What a vivid picture it is! It tells us that love is just like an oil lamp in the dark, which lightens people s hearts.
这是一幅多么生动的画啊!它告诉我们，爱就像一盏在黑暗中的油灯, 它照亮了人们的心灵。
According to the statistics given in the table,...
根据表中所给的统计数字，……
According to the statistics given in the table, the number of tourists has grown greatly, added up to 80,000,000 people in 2002.
根据表中所给的统计数字，旅游者的人数大大增加，2002年达到80,000,000人。
This chart shows that...这张示意图表明，……
This chart shows that the number of smokers continues to climb (=rise), accounting for 20 % of the total population.
这张示意图表明，全世界吸烟者的人数不断上升,占总人口的20%。
It is indicated by the graph that...这张曲线图表示，……
It is indicated by the graph that the extinction of some species of wild animals is closely related with the sharp increase of the world s population.
这张曲线图表示，某些野生动物物种的灭绝与世界人口的猛增密切相关。
It can be seen from the statistics (or picture) that...从这些统计数字(或这张图画)中可以看到，……
It can be seen from the statistics (or picture) that with the rapid increase in the number of cars, air pollution and noise have become the main public hazards threatening the survival of city residents.
从这些统计数字(或这张图画)中可以看到，随着城市中汽车数量的不断增加,空气污染和噪音已经成为威
胁城市居民生存的主要公害(public hazards)。
It is generally believed (或accepted, thought, held) that...
人们普遍认为，……
It is generally believed that the governments of all countries should take effective measures to protect forest resources.
人们普遍认为，各国政府应该采取有力措施来保护森林资源。
The picture is thought provoking,...这幅画发人深省，……
The picture is thought provoking, and what it illustrates is a common phenomenon in our society today.
这幅画是发人深省的，它所说明的是我们今天社会普遍存在的一种现象。
What the drawing describes implies that... 这张图画所描述的内容暗示了……
What the drawing describes implies that we should withstand the test of failure.
这张图画所描述的内容暗示我们应该经得住失败的考验。
2.举例子常用的句型
A case in point is my neighbor, who...我的邻居就是一个恰当的例子，他……
A case in point is my neighbor, who lost both legs in a traffic accident last year.
我的邻居就是一个恰当的例子，他在去年的一场交通事故中失去了双腿。
I d like to quote a further example here. 在此举出另外一个例子。
According to a recent survey made by professor Wang, head of social department in Peking University, 90% of the people across the country are suffering from the problem.
根据北京大学社会系主任王教授最近的一项调查：整个国家90%的人遭受这个问题的威胁。
Another survey also shows that the trend is turning from bad to worse.另外一项调查仍然表明形势变得越来越糟糕了。
3.说明原因常用的句型
There are two/some good reasons for sth./to do sth...
There are two reasons for the changes in people’s living conditions.
First, we have been carrying out an opening and reform policy. Second, our national economy is developing rapidly and the birth rate has been controlled.
生活条件改变的原因有两条。首先，我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次，我们的经济在迅速发展并且出生率得到了控制。
We have two good reasons for/against...
We have two good reasons against the uncontrolled development of industry.
我们有两条充分理由反对工业不受控制的发展。
The reason for...is that + 从句
The reason for us to support the “Project Hope”is that many children in poor areas couldn t afford different kinds of expenses to continue with their schooling.
我们支持“希望工程”的原因是, 许多贫困地区的儿童付不起继续学业的各种费用。
4.分析漫画人目的常用的句型
What is the purpose of the drawer of this cartoon? In the first place,. In the second place,.
What is the purpose of the drawer of the pictures? On one hand, the drawer intends, by producing these two pictures of sharp contrast, to arouse public awareness/concern of the harmfulness of worldwide commercial fishing and the importance of protecting sea resources on earth. On the other hand, the drawer wants to attract the attention of governments and departments concerned and urge them to take effective counter measures.
5.表示对策常用的句型
It is, therefore, necessary that efforts should be made to cope with the problem as early as possible.
因此，我们应该做出努力尽早解决这个问题。
We should take immediate measures, for if the present situation continues as before, serious outcome will come
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考研英语高分作文经典背诵100篇 英语学习 感谢信通常带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有比较浓的人情味。感谢信通常分为正式感谢信和非正式感谢信，前者行文得体、语气礼貌谦恭、用词正式正规；后者语气则更加亲切热情。 写作“三步走”： 表达感谢之情并说明原因—>提及自己曾受到对方的帮助—>再次感谢并表达回报愿望。 Tips: 表达的感激之情要恰到好处，不要过于夸张。 建议在结尾尽量表达希望回报对方的愿望，显得更加真诚。 Directions: You have just come back from a student exchange program in the U.S. Write a letter to your host family in New York to express your gratitude for their hospitality, describe the help they gave you, offer to repay their help and invite them to visit you. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. 范文： Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith, I am now back to China safe and sound. In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you and your lovely children for your kindness and hospitality to host me when I was in New York. Your generous help and tender care made me feel warly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory. I do hope that your whole family pay a visit to China in future, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your friendship. I assure you that you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home. I feel obliged to thank you once more. Love, Li Ming 译文： 亲爱的史密斯先生和夫人： 我现在安全健康地回到了中国。通过这封信，我想表达我对于您二位和你们可爱的孩子们衷心的感谢，感谢您对我纽约之行的热情招待。你们的慷慨和对我的关心使我此行更加愉快，而我的第一次美国之行也 因此变成了美好的回忆。 我非常希望你们能在将来访问中国，让我有机会回报你们的友谊，我保证你们会像我在纽约那样度过 一个愉快的时光。 再一次向你们表示感谢。 爱你们的， 李明 闪光词汇及词组： safe and sound: 安全健康 convey: v. 传达，转达
考研英语作文范文和模板：图表作文
考研英语作文范文和模板：图表作文 图表作文 1.写作攻略图表作文是考研英语写作中较为常见的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型。这类作文可综合提供题目、数据、图像、提纲，形式多样，但实际上只涉及5个方面：描述图表、指明寓意、分析原因、联系实际、给出建议，而每次考试只是从这5个方面的内容中选出3个结合在一起。从写作类型来看，基本上属于说明文。要求考生围绕题目将有关信息转化为文字形式，考生应该具有一定数据分析和材料归纳的能力，同时会运用一定的写作方法。考研试题一般以三段式写作方法来组织文章，第一段总结归纳信息反映的整体情况，点出主题思想，第二段回答第一段所得出的问题，对数字、数据等做出有条理的分析比较，第三段做出总结或给以简单的评论。表格和图表题型写作要点：(1)考生应仔细研究题目以及提示信息，认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。(2)考生应该仔细研究图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要，最有代表性的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。切忌简单
地罗列图表所给出的信息。(3)图表作文一般采用的时态为一般现在时，但如果图表中给出了具体时间参照，考生则应对时态进行相应的调整。(4)图表作文有一些固定句型和表达法，考生应对此融会贯通。(5)图表作文可以细分为表格，曲线图、柱形图和饼形图。除了上述共同要点，考生还应了解这四种图在写作方面的不同特点。——表格可以表示多种事物的相互关系，所以考生要对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。——曲线图常表示事物的变化趋势，考生应认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。——柱形图用来表示各种事物的变化情况及相互关系，要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。——饼形图表示各事物在总体中所占的比例及相互关系，旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的饼形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。(6)列出各段主题句。考生可以根据所给提纲或已知信息列出每段的主题句，为全文的展开做好铺垫。(7)围绕主题句完成段落的展开。尽量做到主题明确、条理清楚、文字简练。(8)检查与修改。对图
大学英语作文范文.
十句作文范文背诵 原因篇 作文要求考生对某社会现象或社会问题进行解释。 Sample 1: Why College Students Take a Part-Time Job 1.最近几年越来越多的大学生加入打工的队伍 2. 为什么大学生要打工 3. 大学生打工 的意义 (1) According to a recent survey, about 25 percent of Chinese college students now hold a part-time or temporary job, compared with nearly none 10 years ago, and this figure increases to 72 percent during summer vacation. (2) College students are seen waiting on tables, clerking in stores, advertising in streets, teaching in families and doing whatever work they can find. (3) Why do they want odd jobs – jobs usually requiring little skill and knowledge? (4) The primary reason, I think, is money. (5) Feeling the pressure of soaring inflation as books, movies and bus fares have all gone up in price, there is scarcely a young boy or girl who does not want to earn a little money to help cover the increasingly higher college costs, and at best save enough to go travelling or buy things they have long desired. (6) In this way they hope to be economically independent and avoid the indignity of having to ask for money again and again. (7) Besides they want to gain some experience in the ways of society. (8) Students growing up from nursery school to college only know about books and have trouble dealing with realities. (9) Working on a part-time basis can provide them with a rare opportunity to know the outside world and prepare them for a future career. (10) The significance for college students of doing a part-time job means more than money and experience: It will broaden their outlook and exert a profound influence on their personality and life. 理由篇 叙述理由和分析原因是属于同一类型的英语议论文。所不同的是后者是解释某一社会现象或社会问题，而前者则解释写作者——我，为什么要干某事或不干某事。 Sample 1: The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew 1. 我生活中最难以忘怀的人是…… 2. 为什么他（或她）一直在我心中 3. 结论 (1) In my life I have met many people who are really worth recalling. (2) But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever knew is my Chinese language teacher. (3) What frequently brings back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities. (4) First of all, I was attracted by his lively wit. (5) I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lecture were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs. (6) Second, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer – an awakening of a passion for learning. (7) He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of Chinese and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field. (8) Finally, I was deeply impressed by the respect he showed for us. (9) As he treated us like friends rather than students, we all liked to visit his home for social activities as well as for academic advice.
考研英语作文范文155篇
考研英语作文范文155篇 (1)上大学的理由 1.People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, care 1.People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. People attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons. Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people. For many, this is the primary reason to go to college, They know that the job market is competitive. At college, they can learn new skill for careers with a lot of opportunities. This means careers, such as information technology, that are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years. Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences. This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in their hometowns. For most students, going to college is the first time they’ve been away from home by themselves. In additions, this is the first time they’ve had to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves. Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many, this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that doesn’t relate to their career. I would recommend that people not be so focused on a career. They should go to college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world they live in. (2)父母是最好的老师 2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific 2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Throughout my life, I have been lucky enough to have a very good relationship with my parents. They have supported me, given me necessary criticism, and taught me a great deal about how to live my life. Parents can be very important teachers in our lives; however, they are not always the best teachers. Parents may be too close to their children emotionally. Sometimes they can only see their children though the eyes of a protector. For example, they may limit a child's freedom in the name of safety. A teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable new experience. However, it might seem too dangerous to a parent. Another problem is that parents may expect their children's interests to be similar to their own. They can't seem to separate from their children in their mind. If they love science, they may try to force their child to love science too. But what if their child's true love is art, or writing, or car repair? Parents are usually eager to pass on their value to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? Maybe different generations need different ways of thinking. When children are young, they believe that their parents are always rights. But when they get older, they realize there are other views. Sometimes parents, especially older ones, can't keep up with rapid social or technology changes. A student who has friends of all different races and backgrounds at school may find that her parents don't really understand or value the digital revolution. Sometimes kids have to find their own