河南工业大学机械与自动化大学英语一阅读理解答案
18考研英语一真题阅读理解红绿蓝答案解析
18考研英语一真题阅读理解红绿蓝答案解析Among the annoying challenges facing the middleclass is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidentialcampaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Don’t dismiss that possibility entirely. Abouthalf of U.S. jobs are at highrisk of being automated,according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-incomejobs like gardening or day care don’t appeal to robots. But many middle-classoccupations—trucking, financial advice, software engineering—have aroused theirinterest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.21. Who will be most threatened by automation?[A] Leading politicians.[B] Low-wage laborers.（与下划线句矛盾）[C] Robot owners.（与加粗矛盾）[D] Middle-class workers.This isn’t to be alarmist. Optimists point outthat technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The IndustrialRevolution didn’t go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced bymechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created morejobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventually boostproductivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers fromhard, boring work. But in themedium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.22 . Which of the following best represents theauthor’sview?[A] Worries about automation are in factgroundless.[B] Optimists’ opinions on new tech find littlesuppo rt.[C] Issues arising from automation need to be tackled.[D] Negative consequences of new tech can beavoided.The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and AndrewMcAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and jobtraining. Curriculums—fromgrammar school to college—shouldevolve to focus less onmemorizing facts and more on creativity and complexcommunication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fosteringproblem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Onlineeducation can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training andinstruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be ableto do so without going into debt.23. Education in the age of automation should put more emphasis on _____.[A] creative potential[B] job-hunting skills[C] individual needs[D] cooperative spiritThe challenge of coping with automationunderlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism:Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastictechnological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up waysto combine labor and machines. The best uses of 3D printers and virtual realityhaven’t been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new companies that will inventthem.Finally, because automation threatens to widenthe gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net willhave to be rethought. Taxeson low-wage labor need tobe cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should beexpanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for jobcreation, and reduceinequality.24. The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at _____.[A] encouraging the development of automation[B] increasing the return on capital investment[C] easing the hostility between rich and poor[D] preventing the income gap from wideningTechnology will improve society in ways big andsmall over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who findtheir lives and careers upended by automation.Destroying the machines that are coming for ourjobs would be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.The first step…The challenge of coping with automationunder…Finally, because automation threat…25. In this text, the author presents a problemwith _____.[A] opposing views on it[B] possible solutions to it[C] its alarming impacts[D] its major variationsText 2A new survey by Harvard University finds morethan two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use ofTwitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White Houseto be filtered through other source, not a president’s social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to checkdaily headlines. Yet as distrusthas risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their medialiteracy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidentialcampaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in thepolitically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford.And a survey conducted by BuzzFeed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust newsfrom the media giant.26. According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubtson _____.[A] the justification of the news-filteringpractice[B] people’s preference for social mediaplatforms[C] the administrations’ ability to handleinformation[D] social media was a reliable source of newsMost Americans rely on social media to checkdaily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacyskills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign,nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politicallycritical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University ofOxford. And a survey conducted by BuzzFeed News found 44 percent ofFacebookusers rarely or never trust news from the media giant.27. The phrase “beef up” (Line 2, Para. 2) i s closest in meaning to_____.[A] sharpen[B] define[C] boast[D] shareYoung people who are digital natives are indeedbecoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group surveyof young people between age s 14 and 24 found they use “distributed trust” toverify stories. They cross-checksources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about anybias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility foreducating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the surveyconcluded.28. According to the Knight Foundation survey, young people _____.[A] tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace[B] verify news by referring to diverse resources[C] have a strong sense of responsibility[D] like to exchange views on “distributedtrust”Such active research can have another effect. A2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by theUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on socialmedia led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience newsevents moreintimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-sharenews as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to bemore conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna researchgroup found the top reasongiven by Americans for thefake news phenomenon is “readererror,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting.About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actualnews” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on socialmedia may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personalresponsibility in count eracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor inchief at Barna Group.29. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is _____.[A] readers’ outdated values[B] journalists’ biased reporting[C] readers’ misinterpretation[D] jo urnalists’ made-up storiesSo when young people are critical of anover-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills—andin their choices on when to share on social media.30. Which of the following would be the besttitle for the text?[A] A Risein Critical Skills for Sharing News Online[B] A Counteraction Against the Over-tweetingTrend[C] The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on SocialMedia[D] The Platforms for Projection of PersonalInterestsText 3Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers ofthe dealbetween Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind muststart by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of theleading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential ofthis work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead tofurther concentration of power in the tech giants. It is against thatbackground that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued herdamning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, whichhanded over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on thebasis of a vague agreementwhich took far too littleaccount of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.31.What is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind ?[A] It caused conflicts among tech giants.[B] It failed to pay due attention to patient’s rights.[C] It fell short of the latter’s expectations.[D] It put both sides into a dangeroussituation.DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements—andthere may be many—between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that allnecessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data hasbeen cleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. Butprivacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. MsDenham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existinglaw it “controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed” i t. But thisdistinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, notthemere possession of bits, that gives the data value.32. The NHS trust responded to Denham’s verdict with _____.[A] empty promises[B] tough resistance[C] necessary adjustments[D] sincere apologiesDeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trusthas mended its ways. Further arrangements—and there may be many—between the NHSand DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessarypermissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has beencleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacyis not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denhamchose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since un der existing law it“controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed” it. But this distinctionmisses the point that it isprocessing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.33.The author argues in Paragraph 2 that_____.[A] privacy protection must be secured at allcosts（无中生有）[B] leaking patients’ data is worse thanselling it（无中生有）[C] making profits from patients’ data isillegal（曲解原文）[D] the value of data comes from the processing of itThe great question is who should benefit fromthe analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds onthe concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them.That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individualthere gains its value only when it iscompared with the data of countlessmillions more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giantsin this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address thereal worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops willbenefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them usingpublic resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that drugsnow can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We arestill at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out tohave gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid afuture of digital feudalism. Ms Denham’s report is a welcome start.34.According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is_____.[A] the vicious rivalry among big pharmas[B] the ineffective enforcement of privacy law[C] the uncontrolled use of new software[D] the monopoly of big data by tech giantsThe use of privacy law to curb the tech giantsin this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address thereal worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops willbenefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a privatemonopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises tosave lives on the scale that drugs now can, big data may be expected to behaveas a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution andsmall choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed toavoid afuture of digital feudalism. Ms Denham’s report is a welcomestart.35.The author’s attitude toward the applicationof AI to healthcare is _____.[A] ambiguous[B] cautious[C] appreciative[D] contemptuousText 4The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities,mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies.Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological changethat has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product,first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust itsoperations to the new reality.36. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by _____.[A] its unbalanced budget[B] its rigid management[C] the cost for technical upgrading[D] the withdrawal of bank supportAnd interestgroups ranging from postal unionsto greeting-card makers exertself-interested pressureon the USPS’s ultimate overseer—Congress—insisting that whatever elsehappens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo theydepend on getprotected. This is why repeated attempts at reformlegislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Serviceunable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to _____.[A] the interference from interest groups[B] the inadequate funding from Congress[C] the shrinking demand for postal service[D] the incompetence of postal unionsNow comes word that everyoneinvolved—Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system’sheaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation ismoving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion overfive years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survivalmeasures. Most of the moneywould come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shiftingpostal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset thefinancial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPSand its union.38. The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by _____.[A] removing its burden of retiree health care.[B] making more investment in new vehicles.[C] adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.[D] attracting more first-class mail users.If it clears the House, this measure wouldstill have to getthrough the Senate—where someone is bound to point out thatit amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Serviceafloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining atthe USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percentof the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturdayletter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and wouldsave the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem tohave killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the billis a sign that legislatorsare getting frightenedabout a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not,however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postalsystem for the 21st century.39. In the last paragraph, the author seems toview legislators with_____.[A] respect[B] tolerance[C] discontent[D] gratitude40. Which of the following would be the besttitle for the text?[A] The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days[B] The Postal Service: Keep Away from MyCheese[C] The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a QuickCure[D] The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-Aid。
河南工业大学 函授学士学位英语真题
河南工业大学函授学士学位英语真题交际用语（共计10分，每小题2分）1. Are you sure about that?A. You needn't worry about thatB. I like the ideaC. Oh, no. l am afraid of thatD. Oh, yes. I~m absolutely, positive2. -- Would you like to see the menu?A. No, thanks. I already know what to orderB. Your menu is very clearC. I hear the food here is tastyD. The setting is very comfortable3. What if my computer doesn't work?A. I'm not good at computerB. Ask Anne for helpC. I've called the repair shopD. There must be something wrong4. -- Howls the movie? Interesting?A. It was shown late until midnightB. It was starred by a few famous peopleC. Far from. I should have stayed home watching TVD. 1 was seated far away in the corner5. -- Is this the motel you mentioned?A. It looks comfortableB. Yes, it is as quiet as we expectedC. You are so considerateD. No, the price's reasonable词汇与结构（共计20分，每小题2分）6. The bedroom needs ( ).A. decoratingB. to decoralemC. decorateD. decorated7. He is the man ( ) dog bit me.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whose8. I am tired. I ( ) working very hard.A. haveB. have beenC. hadD. has9. Before she eft on the trip, she ( ) hard.A. trainedB. has trainedC. would trainedD. had trained10. He keeps ( ) at himself in the mirror.A. to lookB. lookingC. lookD. looked11. He was ( ) about his new job.A. over the loonB. on the moonC. off the /noon D, above the moon12. A lecture hall is ( )where students attend lectures.A. thereB. whichC. oneD. that13. Everything ( ) if Albert hadn't called the fire brigade.A. will be destroyedB. will have been destroyedC. would be destroyedD. would have been destroyed14. At present, the most important thing is that Britain needs ( ) more to improve the relationship with the USA.A. doB. doingC. to be doneD. to do15. On his first sea ( ), he was still quite young but showed great courage to face the storm.A. tripB. travelC. tourD. voyage。
阅读理解(一)_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
阅读理解(一)(总分50, 做题时间90分钟)Section A Multiple ChoiceDirections: There are three passages in this section each followed with 5 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneNormally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course that he attends gives him a credit, which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a university student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for participation in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. Students who advise the academic authorities usually perform the effective work of maintaining discipline. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in this career.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN1.Normally a student would at least attend ______ classes each week.A. 36B. 12C. 20D. 15A B C D分值: 1答案:B数字计算题。
大学英语2机考参考答案
大学英语2机考参考答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. A) 根据对话内容，第一个问题询问了关于图书馆的开放时间。
正确答案是A，即图书馆在周末不开放。
2. B) 第二个问题涉及对话中提到的天气情况。
正确答案是B，对话中提到了将会下雨。
3. C) 第三个问题询问了对话中人物的计划。
正确答案是C，即他们计划去看电影。
4. D) 第四个问题关于对话中人物的课程安排。
正确答案是D，对话中提到了他们有英语课。
5. E) 第五个问题询问了对话中提到的考试时间。
正确答案是E，即考试将在下周一进行。
6-10. 根据短文内容，接下来的五个问题涉及细节理解。
正确答案分别为：B, A, C, E, D。
短文中提到了不同人物的日常活动和计划，需要仔细听取并理解短文内容来确定答案。
11-15. 这部分为长对话，涉及对对话主题和细节的理解。
正确答案分别为：A, C, B, E, D。
长对话中包含了多个主题和细节信息，需要集中注意力并快速捕捉关键信息。
二、阅读理解（共30分）16. 根据第一篇文章，正确答案是A。
文章讨论了在线教育的便利性。
17. B。
第二篇文章中提到了环境保护的重要性。
18. C。
第三篇文章讨论了健康饮食的好处。
19. D。
第四篇文章中提到了科技对日常生活的影响。
20. E。
第五篇文章探讨了文化交流的意义。
21-25. 接下来的五个问题需要对文章的细节进行理解。
正确答案分别为：B, A, D, C, E。
这些题目要求考生对文章中的具体信息进行分析和理解。
26-30. 这部分为阅读理解的长篇文章，涉及对文章主旨和细节的深入理解。
正确答案分别为：A, C, D, B, E。
长篇文章通常包含更多的信息和观点，需要考生有较强的阅读和理解能力。
三、词汇与语法（共20分）31. 正确答案是“concerned”，表示“担心的”。
32. “regardless”是正确答案，表示“不管”。
33. “innovative”是正确答案，表示“创新的”。
2018年考研英语一真题与答案(原题 答案 详解)
2018年考研英语一真题（后附答案详解）Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition _____(1) many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your _____(2)in the wrong place often carries a high _____(3)._____(4), why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. _____(5) people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that _____(6) pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that leads sheep to flock together for safety and prompts humans to _____(7) with oneanother. Swiss Scientists have found that exposure _____(8) this hormone puts us in a trusting _____(9): In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their _____(10) who inhaled something else._____(11) for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may _____(12) us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate _____(13) a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each _____(14) to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What's in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look _____ (15). Half of them found a toy; the other half _____ (16)the container was empty-and realized the tester had _____(17) them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were _____ (18) to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. _____ (19), only five of the 30 children paired with the "_____(20)"tester participated in a follow-up activity.1. A．on B．like C．for D．from2. A．faith B．concern C．attention D．interest3. A．benefit B．debt C．hope D．price4. A．Therefore B．Then C．Instead D．Again5. A．Until B．Unless C．Although D．When6. A．selects B．produces C．applies D．maintains7. A．consult B．compete C．connect D．compare8. A．at B．by C．of D．to9. A．context B．mood C．period D．circle10. A．counterparts B．substitutes C．colleagues D．supporters11. A．Funny B．Lucky C．Odd D．Ironic12. A．monitor B．protect C．surprise D．delight13. A．between B．within C．toward D．over14. A．transferred B．added C．introduced D．entrusted15. A．out B．back C．around D．inside16. A．discovered B．proved C．insisted D．remembered17. A．betrayed B．wronged C．fooled D．mocked18. A．forced B．willing C．hesitant D．entitled19. A．In contrast B．As a result C．On the whole D．For instance20. A．inflexible B．incapable C．unreliable D．unsuitableSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering —have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.This isn't to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums —from grammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training and instruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines. The best uses of 3D printers and virtual reality haven't been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new companies that will invent them.Finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought. Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for jobcreation, and reduce inequality.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation. Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs would be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.21.【题干】Who will be most threatened by automation?A．Leading politicians.B．Low-wage laborers.C．Robot owners.D．Middle-class workers.22 . 【题干】Which of the following best represent the author's view?A．Worries about automation are in fact groundless.B．Optimists' opinions on new tech find little support.C．Issues arising from automation need to be tackledD．Negative consequences of new tech can be avoided23.【题干】Education in the age of automation should put more emphasis on_____. A．creative potential.B．job-hunting skills.C．individual needs.D．cooperative spirit.24.【题干】The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at_____.A．encouraging the development of automation.B．increasing the return on capital investment.C．easing the hostility between rich and poor.D．preventing the income gap from widening.25. 【题干】In this text, the author presents a problem with_____.A．pposing views on it.B．possible solutions to it.C．its alarming impacts.D．its major variations.Text 2A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump's use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a president's social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for Buzz Feed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group surveyof young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that a re open about any bias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.Such active research can have another effect. A 2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people's reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fak e news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media．In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.26.【题干】According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on【选项】A．the justification of the news-filtering practice.B．people's preference for social media platforms.C．the administrations ability to handle information.D．social media was a reliable source of news.27.【题干】The phrase “beer up”(Line 2, Para.2) is closest in meaning to【选项】AA．sharpenB．defineC．boastD．share28.【题干】According to the knight foundation survey, young people【选项】A．tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace.B．verify news by referring to diverse resources.C．have s strong sense of responsibility.D．like to exchange views on “distributed trust”29.【题干】The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is 【选项】A．readers outdated values.B．journalists' biased reportingC．readers' misinterpretationD．journalists' made-up stories.30.【题干】Which of the following would be the best title for the text?【选项】A．A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News OnlineB．A Counteraction Against the Over-tweeting TrendC．The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on Social Media.D．The Platforms for Projection of Personal Interests.Text 3Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It Is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients In 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy.DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements- and there may be many-between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned．There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms. Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it “controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed" it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms. Denham's report is a welcome start.31.【题干】Wha is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind ?【选项】A．It caused conflicts among tech giants.B．It failed to pay due attention to patient's rights.C．It fell short of the latter's expectationsD．It put both sides into a dangerous situation.32.【题干】The NHS trust responded to Denham's verdict with【选项】A．empty promises.B．tough resistance.C．necessary adjustments.D．sincere apologies.33.【题干】The author argues in Paragraph 2 that【选项】A．privacy protection must be secured at all costs.B．leaking patients' data is worse than selling it.C．making profits from patients' data is illegal.D．the value of data comes from the processing of it34.【题干】According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is___【选项】A．the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.B．the ineffective enforcement of privacy law.C．the uncontrolled use of new software.D．the monopoly of big data by tech giants.35.【题干】The author's attitude toward the application of AI to healthcare is 【选项】A．ambiguous.B．cautious.C．appreciative.D．contemptuous.Text 4The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new realityAnd interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vitalmodernization.Now comes word that everyone involved---Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate –where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that per sonnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting seri ous about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.36. 【题干】The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by_____.【选项】A．its unbalanced budget.B．its rigid management.C．the cost for technical upgrading.D．the withdrawal of bank support.37. 【题干】According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to_____.【选项】A．the interference from interest groups.B．the inadequate funding from Congress.C．the shrinking demand for postal service.D．the incompetence of postal unions.38. 【题干】The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by_____.【选项】A．removing its burden of retiree health care.B．making more investment in new vehicles.C．adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.D．attracting more first-class mail users.39. 【题干】In the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators with_____.【选项】A．respect.B．tolerance.C．discontent.D．gratitude.40. 【题干】Which of the following would be the best title for the text?【选项】A．The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old DaysB．The Postal Service: Keep Away from My CheeseC．The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a Quick CureD．The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-AidPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]. In December of 1869, Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepare plans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building. The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871.[B]. Completed in 1875, the State Department's south wing was the first to be occupied, with its elegant four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Reception Room, and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood, Oriental rugs, and stenciled wall patterns. The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.[C]. The State, War, and Navy Building, as it was originally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation's foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century-the period when the United States emerged as an international power. The building has housed some of the nation's most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events.[D]. Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB's granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming president. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.[E]. The Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) commands a unique position in both the national history and the architectural heritage of the United States. Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departments, and is considered one of the best examples of French Second Empirearchitecture in the country.[F]. Construction took 17 years as the building slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOB was finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.[G]. The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid. The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.41.【答案】E【解析】很多选项中都出现了EEOB这个简称，那么就意味着这个专有名词一定会先有交代它的全称，再出现简称，这里只有D选项符合。
河南省对口升学英语阅读理解检测一答案与考点解析
（一）A young boy was playing with a ball in the street.He kicked it too hard,and it broke the win dow of a house and fell inside.A lady came to the window with the ball and shouted at the boy,so he ran away,(2)but he stil l wanted his ball back.(1)A few minutes later he returned and knocked at the door of the house,an d the lady answered it,he said,"My father is going to come and fix your window very soon."After a few more minutes,a man came to the door with tools in his hand,so the lady let the boy take his ball away.(4)When the man finished fixing the window,he said to the lady,"That will cost you exactly ten dollars.""But aren’t you the father of that young boy?"the woman asked,looking surprised. "No,"he answered,equally surprised,"Aren’t you his mother?"(5)一个小男孩在街上玩球。
英语阅读一自考试题及答案
英语阅读一自考试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
AThe Internet is changing the way we live and work. It has become an essential tool for many people. With the Internet, we can do many things that were once difficult or impossible. For example, we can now shop online, work from home, and even take classes remotely. The Internet has also made communication easier and faster. We can now send emails, make video calls, and use social media to stay in touch with friends and family. However, the Internet also has its downsides. It can be a source of misinformation and cybercrime. It is important to use the Internet responsibly and be aware of its potential risks.问题：1. What is the main advantage of using the Internet mentioned in the passage?2. What can we do with the Internet that was once difficult or impossible?3. What are some of the potential risks associated with the Internet?4. Why is it important to use the Internet responsibly?答案：1. The main advantage of using the Internet mentioned in the passage is that it has become an essential tool for many people, making communication easier and faster.2. With the Internet, we can now shop online, work from home, and take classes remotely.3. Some of the potential risks associated with the Internet include misinformation and cybercrime.4. It is important to use the Internet responsibly because it can be a source of misinformation and cybercrime, and being aware of its potential risks can help mitigate these issues.BJohn and Mary are brother and sister. They both love to play in the park. One day, they decided to have a race to see who could run faster. John, being the older and stronger of the two, won the race easily. Mary was not happy with the result and decided to practice every day to become faster. After a month of hard work, she challenged John to another race. This time, she won by a small margin. John was surprised but happy for his sister. He realized that with determination and hard work, anyone can improve.问题：5. Who won the first race between John and Mary?6. Why was Mary unhappy after the first race?7. What did Mary do to improve her running speed?8. What lesson did John learn from the second race?答案：5. John won the first race between John and Mary.6. Mary was unhappy after the first race because she lost toher brother.7. To improve her running speed, Mary practiced every day fora month.8. John learned that with determination and hard work, anyone can improve.二、完形填空（共15分，每题3分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
朝明在线河南工业大学英语期末考试试题题库
课堂作业 1 Would you please pass me the book ________ cover is black? whichwhosethatits答案：B 2 When we practice speaking English, we often ____ speaking in Chinese. get upset upput upend up答案：D 3 What ________ would happen if the manager knew you felt that way? will you supposeare you supposingdo you supposeyou would suppose答案：C 4 We should know not only the theory but also how to ____ it to practice. relyapplyimplyrely答案：B 5 We must get there by all ____ before he has a chance to break the news to her. methodsmeasuresmeansmysteries答案：C 6 We must find a way to cut prices ________ reducing our profits too much.. withoutdespitewithfor答案：A 7 We have to _____ the job applications into groups based on their qualifications. sendchangechecksort答案：D 8 We have no ______ information to state the exact damage. equalsatisfiedefficientsufficient答案：D 9 We found it impossible ________ all the questions within the time given.. solvebeing solvingto have solvedto solve答案：D 10 We don’t allow _________ in the meeting room. to smokesmokedsmokingto smoking答案：C 11 Traffic in the city was ______by a snowstorm. interpretedinterviewedinterruptedinterfered答案：C 12 To work _____ with the machine, you must read the instructions carefully. firstlynaturallyefficientlygenerally答案：C 13 Though they think it takes no more than three days to _____ the mission, I believe it takes at least six days. fulfillrealizerefillfix答案：A 14 This diploma (毕业文凭) ____ that you have completed college education. identifiesjustifiescertifiesnotifies答案：A 15 There were calls for _____ changes to the welfare system. seniorjuniormajorprior答案：C 16 There were _________ for Saturday's movie.
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河南工业大学机械与自动化大学英语一阅读理解答案 1、Every morning John takes a（）to his office. [单选题] * A. 20-minutes' walk B. 20 minute ' walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk(正确答案)
2、Can you give her some ______ ? [单选题] * A. advice(正确答案) B. suggestion C. advices D. suggest
3、Miss Smith is a friend of _____. [单选题] * A. Jack’s sister’s(正确答案) B. Jack’s sister C. Jack sister’s D. Jack sister 4、_____ rooms are both large and comfortable. [单选题] * A. Jack's and Jane's(正确答案) B. Jack and Jane's C. Jack's and Jane D.Jack and Jane
5、I_____you that I had made the right decision. [单选题] * A.ensured B.insured C.assured(正确答案) D.for sure
6、The black coal there shows a sharp（）white snow. [单选题] * A. contract with B. content with C. contact to D. contrast to(正确答案)
7、——Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? ——Im afraid（）of them is possible. [单选题] * A.neither(正确答案) B. either C. none D.both
8、Tom and Mary's house bought last year is（）Lucy, s. [单选题] * A. the three size of B. three times the size of(正确答案) C. as three times large as D. three times as larger as
9、The teacher asked him to practice playing the piano _______. [单选题] * A. often as possible B. as often possible C. as possible often D. as often as possible(正确答案)
10、--What would you like to say to your _______ before leaving school?--I’d like to say"Thank you very much!" [单选题] *
A. workers B. nurses C. waiters D. teachers(正确答案) 11、59．—Can I talk to the manager?—Please wait ________ minute. [单选题] * A．an B．a(正确答案) C．the D．/
12、 — ______ you speak French?— Yes, I can.（） [单选题] * A. Need B. Can(正确答案) C. Might D. Must
13、I _______ to the tape yesterday evening. [单选题] * A. look B. listen C. listened(正确答案) D. hear
14、74．No person （） carry a mobile phone into the examination room during the national college Entrance Examinations． [单选题] * A.shall(正确答案) B.must C.can D.need
15、_____ whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. [单选题] * A. What is not yet known B. It is not yet known(正确答案) C. As is not yet known D. This is not yet known
16、He couldn’t ______ the maths problem without your help. [单选题] * A. work out(正确答案) B. work at C. work for D. work with
17、16． Lily is a lovely girl. We all want to ________ friends with her. [单选题] * A．have B．make(正确答案) C．do D．take
18、I like booking tickets online，because it is _______. [单选题] * A. boring B. confident C. convenient(正确答案) D. expensive
19、With all the work on hand, he _____ to the cinema last night. [单选题] * A.should go B.must have gone C.might go D..shouldn’t have gone(正确答案)
20、English is very important in our daily life. Never _______. [单选题] * A. give up it B. give it up(正确答案) C. give away it D. give it away 21、 John and Jack had looked for the key, but _____ of them found it. [单选题] * A. none B. neither(正确答案) C. both D. either
22、Having stayed in the United States for more than ten years, he got an American（） [单选题] *
A. speech B. accent(正确答案) C. voice D. sound
23、48．—________ is your new skirt, Lingling?—Black. [单选题] * A．How B．What colour(正确答案) C．Which D．Why
24、— How do you find（）birthday party of the Blairs? — I should say it was __________ complete failure． [单选题] * A． a; a B. the ; a(正确答案) C． a; / D． the; /
25、 You can borrow my book, _____ you promise to give it back to me by the end of this month. [单选题] *
A.even if B. as long as(正确答案) C. in case D. even though
26、 Which animal do you like _______, a cat, a dog or a bird? [单选题] * A. very much B. best(正确答案) C. better D. well
27、I couldn’t find Peter,_____did I know where he had gone. [单选题] * A.nor(正确答案) B.either C.never D.as
28、—Would you like some milk?—Yes, just _____, please. [单选题] * A. a little(正确答案) B. little C. a few D. few
29、81．Some birds are flying ________ the lake. What a beautiful picture! [单选题] * A．for B．under C．in D．above(正确答案)
30、pencil - box is beautiful. But ____ is more beautiful than ____. [单选题] * A. Tom's; my; he B. Tom's; mine; his(正确答案) C. Tom's; mine; him