高考天津卷英语解析

高考天津卷英语解析
高考天津卷英语解析

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(天津卷)

英语

参考答案与解题提示

1.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查代词辨析。

【解题思路】句意为:我们感到使我们的国家变得更好是我们的责任。此处动词不定式作宾语“to make our country a better place”后置,it作形式宾语,代替不定式。

2.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查交际用语。

【解题思路】句意为:等一会,我还没收拾好行李。快点,到去机场的时间了。根据句意可知,此处是催促对方抓紧时间。Go ahead意为“继续,请吧”;Take it easy 意为“别紧张,别着急”;Hurry up意为“快点”;That’s fine意为“好吧,没关系”。

3.【答案】B

【命题立意】考查动词时态。

【解题思路】句意为:近些年,全世界制作了成千上万部电影。根据时间状语“in the last few years”可知,应用现在完成时,由于是thousands of films作主语,所以谓语动词使用被动语态。

4.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查动词时态。

【解题思路】句意为:到下一个生日,Ann就已经结婚20年了。根据句意可知,此处指将来某一确定的时刻已经发生了某件事,所以用将来完成时。

5.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查连词辨析。

【解题思路】句意为:虽然有规律的锻炼很重要,但是临睡前进行锻炼绝不是个好主意。根据句意可知,此处表示转折,故选C。

6.【答案】B

【命题立意】考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】句意为:暑假做兼职工作赚了 1 000美元之后,我在银行开了个账户。open a bank account“开银行账户”,是固定搭配。

7.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查非谓语动词。

【解题思路】句意为:乘客只许携带一件手提行李登机。permit sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,本句采用被动语态形式,即sb. is permit to do sth.。【知识拓展】permit do sth.“允许某人做某事”;permit doing sth.“准许做某事”。

8.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查动词短语辨析。

【解题思路】句意为:昨天在百货商店购物时她碰到一位老朋友。turn down意为“拒绝,调低”;deal with意为“处理,对付”;take after意为“与……相似”;come across意为“偶然碰到”。故选D项。

【知识拓展】表示“偶然遇到”的短语有:come across ; run into; come upon;run across; come up against。

9.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查副词辨析。

【解题思路】句意为:这个年轻人买不起新车,就买了一辆二手车。besides 意为“除此之外”。otherwise意为“否则”;instead意为“相反,却”;still 意为“仍然”。故选C项。

10.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查定语从句引导词。

【解题思路】句意为:只靠体力是谋生的日子一去不复返了。此处是分隔式定语从句,先行词the days在定语从句中作时间状语。故选A。

【题眼】分析先行词在定语从句中作什么成分是解这道题的关键。

11.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查介词。

【解题思路】句意为:他是个好学生,而且他的大多数学科都高于平均分。above 意为“在……之上”,符合语境。

12.【答案】B

【命题立意】考查非谓语动词。

【解题思路】句意为:被译成英语后,句子的顺序完全不同了。translate 和the sentence之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词形式。

13.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查同位语从句。

【解题思路】句意为:现代科学已经提供了明确的证据,吸烟能引发多种疾病。smoking can lead to many diseases 作名词 evidence 的同位语从句,解释evidenc的具体内容,而且同位语从句中主谓宾成分齐全,因而选择不作任何成分也没有任何意义的that来引导。

【题眼】分析先行词在定语从句中作什么成分是解这道题的关键。

14.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查交际用语。

【解题思路】句意为:我需要登个广告找下学期的室友。干嘛那么麻烦,玛丽就对这事感兴趣。why bother意为“何苦,为何那么麻烦”;why not 意为“为什么不呢”;so what意为“那又怎么样”;what for意为“为何”。故选A。

15.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查虚拟语气。

【解题思路】句意为:我本可以快点来的,但是不知道他们在等我,所以也就没有早来。根据but后的分句时态可以推知,but之前的分句表达的也应该是过去发生的事情,但是表达的愿望与事实相反,所以用情态动词对过去推测的结构。

【文章大意】母亲对生活乐观、执着和坚持,遇到每一次挑战都迎难而上。她是优秀的学生、敬业的模特。她不但帮父亲开公司还成功地做四个孩子的母亲。母亲的言行深深激励着“我”,让“我”也想成为她那样的母亲。

16.【答案】B

【命题立意】考查动词。

【解题思路】句意为:多年后我终于理解了从事模特这个行业对你的生活有着怎样的影响。play a role in意为“在……起作用”,是固定搭配。

17.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查动词。

【解题思路】根据下文提到的母亲有五个孩子可推知,“我”的家庭生活拮据。句意为:我一点都不知道你节省每一分钱是为了上法律学校。 saving意为“节省”;making意为“赚钱”,和句中earned相矛盾,故排除;donating意为“捐钱”,不符合文意;receiving意为“收到”,母亲不可能把全部收入都用来学习,故排除。18.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查名词。

【解题思路】根据下文的“When you said you were in law school”可知,母亲省钱去攻读法律。

19.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查连接词。

【解题思路】介词for后接宾语从句,宾语从句中的谓语动词tell后接双宾语,即tell sb. sth.结构,通过分析句子结构可知,句中缺少表示“事情”的宾语,故用what替代。

【题眼】掌握tell后接双宾语的用法是解题关键。

20.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查介词。

【解题思路】根据语境可知,“我”可以想象出母亲在一堆书下学习的样子,所以用under更为形象合理。

21.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查形容词。

【解题思路】根据下文“Why were you doing what I do—memorizing textbooks and studying for ?”可知,“我”疑惑不解。amused 意为“愉悦的”;worried 意为“担忧的”;puzzled 意为“疑惑的”;disappointed 意为“失望的”。故选C 项。

22.【答案】B

【命题立意】考查名词。

【解题思路】根据语境可知,“我”困惑不解母亲为什么和“我”一样背课文,难道也和“我”一样是为考试而学习吗?故选B项。

23.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查情态动词。

【解题思路】根据下文“You smiled and said ‘In life, you can do anything you want to do’”可知,“我”不知道母亲也能够成为律师。

24.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查动名词。

【解题思路】根据上下文可知,母亲的话在“我”耳边不断回响。ring意为“响,鸣”。

25.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查名词。

【解题思路】根据下文“completing our studies”“starting companies with Dad”“still being a model”和“a mom of five kids”这四种身份可知,母亲面临挑战。

26.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查名词。

【解题思路】此处列举母亲当时的四种身份,因为前面已经提到学业,而母亲又是一位模特,所以这里用model比较合适。

27.【答案】B

【命题立意】考查介词短语。

【解题思路】此句表示作者仅仅看着母亲身兼四职就感到很累了。in danger意为“处于危险中”;in action意为“活动中”;in trouble意为“在麻烦中”;in charge 意为“负责”。故选B。

28.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查形容词。

【解题思路】根据上文中“I was a little girl”可知,作者还小,故选C。29.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查动词短语。

【解题思路】根据下文内容可知,作者顿悟后,她的世界打开了。open up 意为“打开”。

30.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查名词。

【解题思路】根据下文“seeing possibilities for personal and professional achievement”可知,作者的生活充满希望。

31.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查副词。

【解题思路】根据下文中的“first,one of few women”可知,因为生活充满希望,所以“我”不断发现自己处于一个独特的位置。

32.【答案】C

【命题立意】考查连词。

【解题思路】either...or表示“或者……或者”,是固定搭配。

33.【答案】B

【命题立意】考查名词。

【解题思路】根据上文中的“statement”可知,受到母亲那些话的鼓励,“我”毅然前行。

34.【答案】D

【命题立意】考查副词。

【解题思路】根据上文“不害怕犯错误”可知,此处指渴望遇到每一个挑战,表明作者因受到母亲的鼓舞而表现出对生活的热情。

35.【答案】A

【命题立意】考查动词。

【解题思路】根据上句中的“did”可知,“我”会很自豪地说“过去你做到的,现在我正在做”。

【文章大意】本文主要向到国外学习英语的学生介绍寄宿家庭的生活方式,并从寄宿家庭可以提供的和不能提供的两个方面加以介绍。

36.【答案】D

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第一段第一句“Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.”可知,住在当地居民家为学习英语的学生提供了在教室外说英语的机会,并让他们有作为英国家庭成员的经历,故选D。

【易错点】本题容易误选A。由于对文章的写作对象判断错误,误以为是为能够提供寄宿家庭的外国人写的文章,所以易误选A。

37.【答案】A

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第二段中的“accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed...the house key...offer help and advices”可知,房东可以提供食宿,打扫房间换床单,给钥匙并提供帮助和建议等。

【题眼】本题要抓住房东能够做到的主要事情,特别是找到关键性单词。

38.【答案】B

【命题立意】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第三段第一、二句“Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2,3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential.”可知,寄宿家庭主要在第二、三、四区,大多数房东不住在伦敦市中心,因为市中心是商业区,而非居住区,故选B。

【易错点】本题容易误选D。正确解答本题的关键点是第三段中的“much of central London is commercial and not residential”,其中 much 是最关键的词汇,作者使用much而不是all,表明了程度和范围。

39.【答案】C

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第四段中的“Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee.”可知,欧式早餐包括果汁、谷物类食品、面包以及茶或者咖啡。40.【答案】D

【命题立意】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段第三句“However,it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay...”可知,自炊式寄宿不能像普通寄宿那样享受到家庭气氛,所以排除A项;根据第五段第一句“If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host’s permission.”可知,要想邀请朋友来访,必须首先获得房东的允许,所以C项错误;根据最后一段中的

“not benefit those....to practice English at home...”可排除 B 项;最后一段提到“This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student.”,再结合文章第一段内容可知,D项正确。

【题眼】文中的关键词是“offers an independent lifestyle ”,但是 independent 并不表明就是 freedom。

【文章大意】作者的理想是成为最高法院的法官,于是她考入哈佛大学。但是为了照顾生病的祖母,她决定退学。随后作者结婚了,并成为四个孩子的母亲,但在忙碌中她始终坚持向理想进发。21年后她终于完成了大学学业。

41.【答案】C

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第一段第一句“...I was a bright-eyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere”可知,作者在进入哈佛大学时,期待着能坐在最高法庭的长椅上,由此可知作者想当法官。故选C项。

42.【答案】D

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第三句“...she developed cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her”可知,作者中止学业是为了照顾身患癌症的祖母。

43.【答案】A

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第四段第一、二句中的“You can imagine how fully occupied I became ...Our home was a complete zoo-a joyous zoo”可知,作者在忙碌中享受着快乐。

44.【答案】B

【命题立意】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】纵观全文,作者坚持了 21年,虽然其间要照顾身患癌症的祖母,照顾孩子,但她始终没有放弃梦想,坚持不懈,最终完成了学业。A项意为“失败是

成功之母”;B项意为“每天进步一点点,就可以向梦想迈进一大步”;C项意为“凡事有利弊”;D项意为“好的开始就是成功的一半”。故B项符合文意。

45.【答案】A

【命题立意】推理判断题。

【解题思路】作者怀着爱,照顾祖母和孩子的同时,坚持不懈地完成学业,实现梦想,说明作者既有爱心又有决心和毅力。

【文章大意】西雅图国立图书馆发起的读书活动席卷美国及其他一些国家和地区。该活动的目的就是让城市中的每一个人在同一时间阅读相同的书,建立群体意识。46.【答案】B

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第一段第二句“The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time”可知,活动的主题是让人们在阅读中学会分享,故选B。

47.【答案】C

【命题立意】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第四段第一句“The only problem arose in New York where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population”可知,纽约的问题是当地的人们决定不了用哪一本书来代表庞大而多样化的群体。

48.【答案】D

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第四段第二句“This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity can be achieved”可知,应选 D。

49.【答案】A

【命题立意】词义猜测题。

【解题思路】根据句中的“otherwise”可知,句子前后是转折关系,根据前一分句“have enjoyed speaking to someone”可知,画线部分是“互相交流”的含义。50.【答案】C

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段“the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process,or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word”可知,活动的成功与否不在于参与的人数有多少,而在于他们在

阅读过程中获益了多少。

【文章大意】本文主要讲述了模仿在人的个性发展和日常生活中有很大的影响,进

而由模仿引入创新,并强调了创新的作用。

51.【答案】C

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第一、二句“... of skill or character development,imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I tried recipes and turned out some tasty dishes”可知,在学新东西时,模仿是有帮助的。52.【答案】B

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第三段最后一句“If you do not make strong choices for yourself,you will get the results of the weak choices of others”可知,应选B。53.【答案】B

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第五段中的“The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them”可知,应选 B。

54.【答案】D。

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第五段第六句“The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination”可知,应选 D。

55.【答案】A

【命题立意】推理判断题。

【解题思路】文章由模仿入手说明模仿的作用和影响,在进入一定阶段后,会出现

创新,进而说明创新的作用。文章的中心在于说明强调创新。

56.Students who wish to do something productive and rewarding.

57.It is to encourage students to be active citizens and make a difference in society.

58.Changed.

59.She thinks highly of the Program./She is in favor of the Program./She holds a positive attitude toward the Program.

Or:She thinks it’s a great experience of changing one’s life.

Or:She is thankful/grateful for the Program.

60.I am interested in helping kids with their lessons because education is important to them.

Or:I want to raise money for families in need because they are poor and need our help.

Or:I am interested in collecting data for environmental research because the environment should be protected.

【写作指导】

本篇书面表达为应用文中的书信体裁,写作框架已给出,还给出所有的写作细节,属于命题作文。本文分为三部分:第一部分:自我介绍,欢迎美国某中学学生访问团,并说明由我负责安排访问闭的活动。第二部分:向访问团说明一日活动安排。1.上午与我校学生座谈,并介绍座谈话题(校园生活和文化差异等);2.中午与我校学生共进午餐,同时说明午餐包括饺子、面条等;3.下午与我校学生参观海河,还可以适当补充说明海河的自然风光和悠久历史等。第三部分:询问对方是否满意此次活动安排,并祝愿访问团的访问圆满进行。

写作时时态最好使用一般现在时和一般将来时,并用第一人称书写。

考生需注意的是:文章要详略得当,避免冗长拖沓;切忌逐句翻译;恰当使用过渡词,并适当增加细节;注意用词和句式安排,尽量使用高级英语词汇和复杂句式,以增加文章的可读性。

One Possible Version(略)

全卷分析

【试卷亮点】试题难度中等,适合大多数考生。设题合理,具有较好的区分度。试题考查点全面,语言鲜活,材料新颖。单项填空题注重实词的考查,如名词、动

词、代词、副词的辨析,动词时态与语态、情态动词、动词短语的辨析和非谓语动词,并辅以连词和介词的考查,同时注重句式的考查,如定语从句和同位语性从句,对动词的考查仍占较大比例。交际用语的考查涉及两题,体现了交际性与知识性相结合的原则。完形填空表达了母亲言传身教深深影响了孩子一生这一主题,具有教育意义,发人深思,考查点仍然以实词为主,如名同、动词、形容词等。完形填空难度不大,需考生认真阅读,注意文字间的暗示和前后提示。阅读理解有说明文、记叙文和议论文三种体裁,题材涉及广告、梦想、读书活动和创新等,主要以细节理解题为主,辅以主旨大意、猜测词义和推理判断题。考查考生把握细节及阅读的能力。书面表达是向美国来访团说明活动安排的书信体。

【复习使用指导】回归书本、夯实基础、扩大词汇储备、扩大阅读面、提高阅读能力,本套试题适合2012年第二轮复习时使用,让考生体会高考试题难度,把握复习节奏和深度。

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