大学英语六级翻译整理全

英语六级翻译指导及练习

翻译策略

1) 分句法

把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。

或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。

例1 八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。

译文: It was in mid-August,and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句)

例2 他为人单纯而坦率。

译文: He was very clean.His mind was open. (一个单句拆分成两个简单句了)

例3 The mother might have spoken with understandable pride of her child.

译文: 母亲谈到她的孩子时，也许有自豪感，这是可以理解的。(形容词被拆开)

例4 I wrote four books in the first three years ,a record never touched before.

译文: 我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。(名词短语拆开)

2)合句法

把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。

例5 她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。

译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句)

例6 他们有遵守交通规则，机器出了故障。

译文：His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.(并列复合句合成一个单句)

例7 When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.

译文：我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。(主从复合句合成一个单句)

翻译练习

1._______________ (通过体育锻炼)，we can always stay healthy.

2.According to the scientific research , _____________ (听音乐能使我们放松).Is this really

true?

3.______________ (我们绝对不能)ignore the value of knowledge.

4.As is known to all, ______________ (假冒伪劣商品)harm the interests of consumers.

5.Faced with failure,some people can stand up to it, _____________ (从失败中汲取教训)and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do.

答案及解析

1. By taking exercises

解析：通过锻炼，我们可以保持健康。其实这题答案不止一个。“锻炼”可以用名词也

“通过”可以用by表示方式，through表示途径。By taking exercises /Through 可以用动词短语。

exercises。往往by用于“by + doing”，而through后接名词哦。

2. listening to music enables us to feel relaxed

解析：“听音乐”在句中作主语，“听”应当处理成动名词形式。“能使我们放松”很多同学会采用can make us feel relaxed的结构。其实，enable就有“能够使某人……”的含义，注意enable sb. to do 的表达。

3. On no account can we

解析：本题是强调语气，强调“决不能”，所以联想到on no account ,by no means,at no time,in no case等。不管用哪一个，都要注意它们是含有否定的意味的，因此在置于句首时应使用倒装语序。

4. fake and inferior commodities

解析：“假冒伪劣商品”包含两层含义：一是假货，二是次品，在翻译成英文的时候应该注意两层含义的正确译法。“假冒”不能用false而应选择fake，“次品”可以说inferior 表示质量差，也可以用commodity of low quality。

5. draw useful lessons from it

解析：句意为：面对失败，有的人能够顽强抵抗，从中吸取教训，努力实现他们的目标。本句由三个并列的谓语成分构成，谓语动词分别是stand up to“汲取”和try。“汲取教训”正确表达为draw a lesson from。然而我们又能从全句判断，从失败中吸取教训是为了将来能够更好地实现目标，因此加上修饰语useful，使内容更明确。

翻译语序

1) 定语位置的调整

汉语的定语，无论是单用还是几个连用，通常都放在所修饰的名词之前。而在英语里，单词作定语时，一般放在所修饰的中心词之前，词组，短语和从句作定语时，则放在所修饰的名词之后。汉语的定语译成英语时，有的可能是单词，有的可能是短语，有的可能是从句。对这些成分的安排，要依据英语的语言习惯来处理。反之亦然。

例1 实现我国社会主义现代化是一项我们必须努力完成的任务。

译文: The socialist modernization of our country is a task that we must do our utmost to fulfill.

汉语中作"现代化"定语的"社会主义"在英语中只需要一个单词socialist 就可以表明，按照英语的习惯，放在所修饰的中心词modernization之前。但是原文中"我国"翻成英语就不是简简单单的一个词了，而是一个介词短语of our country，置于中心词"现代化"之后，成为后置定语。英译时，"任务"的定语"努力完成的"是一个从句that we must do our utmost to fulfil，按照英语习惯，应放在所修饰的中心词task之后。

例2 She was very happy to meet the artist who painted the picture.

译文: 她很高兴能够遇到那幅画的艺术家。

全句的宾语是"艺术家"，英语里修饰the artist的成分在the artist之后，这是英语表达习惯所规定的。但是转换成汉语时，就必须把定语修饰成分提前到中心词"艺术家"之前。

2)状语位置的调整

汉语中状语习惯于放在主语之后，谓语之前。但有时为了强调也可以放在主语之前。英语中状语的位置要灵活得多。就单词状语而言，它可以位于句首，句中，句末。较长的状语常被置于句首或句末，句中的情况极少。因此，在汉英，英汉互译时，状语位置的变换调整极为复杂。

例3上星期五我们在那家新餐馆尽情地吃了一顿。

译文：We ate to our hearts content at the new restaurant last Friday.

原文中，"上星期五"放在句首，并且在"那家新餐馆"之前，而译文中却将时间状语和地点状语的位置颠倒了过来。这样一来，既准确地表达了原文意思，又符合了英文语序习惯。所以我们可以得出结论：英语里如果句子既有地点状语又有时间状语，一般地点状语在前，时间状语在后。汉语里则往往把它们置于句首或谓语前，而且通常时间状语在地点状语之前。

Exercise Five

1._______________ (他们没有去游泳)，they went to play football that day.

2.There is no doubt that _____________ (需求的增长导致了价格的上涨).

3.He cannot win a good reputation，______________ (因为他多嘴多舌).

4.We have reasons to believe that, ______________ (一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们).

5.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society，______________ (但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人)can make use of them to achieve purpose.

1. Instead of going swimming

解析：原文中"没有"并不一定要对应成didn’t，这里我们可以使用instead of，使译文简洁明了，合乎英语习惯。采用正译法，用英语不带否定词的表达来代替中文的"没有去"。从本题及Exercise Two中的第二题我们可以得出结论：汉译英时，可以灵活变换句型，充分利用英语的否定或半否定语气的词语或结构，以便使译句符合英语习惯。从另一角度看，后半句英语没有出现表示转折含义的连接词(如but)，因此They didn’t go swimming也是不成立的，不符合句法规范。

2. the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices

解析：考生要注意分清result from 和result t in的区别。result from指be caused by(由......产生)，是指原因;result in指cause，lead to(导致......)，是指结果。本题还有一个考点就是：做翻译时，应尽量照顾并行结构的前后一致，如：the increase in demand and the rise in prices。

3. because he has a loose tongue

解析："多嘴多舌"显然有gossip的意思。因此我们在翻译时应先挖掘其深层含义，再用适当的英文表达出来。答案because he has a loose tongue看起来与原文并不对应，但却形象地讲内涵表达了出来。其他类似的翻译还有：a bitter tongue(刻薄嘴);a long tongue(快嘴);a rough tongue(粗鲁话);a sharp tongue(言语尖刻);a silver tongue(流利的口才);a smooth tongue(油嘴滑舌)。

4. we would have a better and brighter future

解析：本题意为：我们有理由相信，一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们。句子需填入部分特别容易被译成：a better and brighter future waits for us。这是因为受到了中文母语的干扰，思维被中文的语序牵着跑。如果这样译的话就会导致前后半句的主语发生转换，前面是we，后面是the future。这种转换在英文里就会显得非常突兀，不符合英文表达习惯。因此我们可以在汉译英稍作变通，将前后主语统一为"we"。本题还有一点考生要留意的是，是否能分清wait和await的使用区别。两者都表示"等待"，wait是不及物动词，必须后接介词for;await是及物动词，可以后接人。

5. but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly

解析：本句考生特别容易译成：the prepared and the qualified。定冠词the加上形容词可以表示某一类人。the prepared and the qualified就指代"作了准备的人"和"有资格的人"，但遗漏了原文中的"充分"和"高度"。由于原句的修饰部分内容很多，因此不适宜用"the +形容词"的结构来指代某一类人。对于这种情况我们可以采用"某一类人+后置定语"的方法。这样答案就是but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly。全句的意思是：在我们的社会里，人人都有许多机遇，但是只有那些作好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。

六级翻译练习题希望能满足你的需求

1._________________（我没有买到一张好票）for yesterday’s movie.

2. It’s confirmed that _______________（铁路将延伸到我们村子）.

3. The new manager of our company _____________（有很强的事业心）.

4. When I walked past his house，________________（我听见他在弹钢琴）.

5. ________________（学生们应该从这里得出一条经验）：Don’t be misled by false appearances.

答案解析： 1. I d idn’t buy a good seat2. the railway will be extended to our village

3. is a man of great enterprise

4. I heard him playing the piano

5. Students should draw a lesson here

1. We had better _________________（天天锻炼身体）.

2. _______________（为了不影响他们），we left quietly.

3. _____________（我答复她）that I would accept her invitation.

4. According to the newly-announced policy，we should ____________（努力搞活国有大中型企业）.

5. It has become an utmost urgency that ________________（必须清除政府中的贪污腐化现象）.

答案解析： 1. take exercise everyday2. Not to disturb them 3. I replied to her 4. invigorate the large

5. the administration must be cleaned of graft and corruption1. In the old society，five hundred million careworn people _________________ （生活在水深火热之中）.

2. We think it most important that _______________（理论与实际相结合）

3. _____________（不论晴雨），we’ll have to go tomorrow.

4.This is ________________（正是要找的人）we are looking for.

5. Their income is ________________（一般家庭的3～5倍）.

答案解析：

1. were plunged into a dire suffering

2. theory be combined with practice

3. Rain or shine

4. no other than the man

5. three to five times that of ordinary households

1 This is yet_________________ （两国人民的又一个共同点）.

2. His scientific works _______________（在英语国家得到广泛阅读）.

3. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_____________（改革也是解放生产力）.

4.He is optimistic ________________（对现时信息产业的发展状况）.

5.Work in all fields should be subordinated to and ________________（服务于经济发展的进程）.

答案解析：

1. another common point between the people of our two countries

2. were widely read in English-speaking countries

3.and so does reform

4. about the present development of information industry

5. serve the economic development

1. _________________ （如果机器真的能像人一样会思考的话），there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men..

2. When it is short of water，a plant _______________（一般用蒸发作为降温的手段）.

3. He has never mixed with them or _____________（同他们坦城交流），but has demanded and generally received a respect due to his position and superior intelligence.

4.Your Math instructor would have been happy ________________（给你一次补考机会的）had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.

5. ________________（随着孩子们在经济上独立出来）of the family，the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years.

答案解析：

1. If machines really thought as men do

2. normally uses evaporation as a means of cooling

3. spoken to them on equal terms

4. to give you a make-up examination

5. As the children become financially independent

1. We need not only be under various external pressures, but also _____________ （也要面对内心的困惑）.

2. Would you _______________（愿意来参加我们的晚会）on Friday?

3. After the operation，_____________（他的身体很健康）.

4.－Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival？

－___________（当然啦）.

5. ________________（我只发现了几个错误）in your composition.

答案解析： 1. to be in the face of the internal perplexities2. come to our evening party3. he is in good health/he's healthy 4. Sure/ Certainly 5. I found a few mistakes

1._______________（青少年犯罪的主要原因是由于）that social environment is becoming worse.

2. The workmen think _______________（遵守安全规则很重要）.

3. The new government was accused _____________（未实现其降低失业率的承诺）.

4. Only with combined efforts，________________（我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌）.

5. Several thousands of quake-smitten inhabitants ________________（得到了政府充分的救济）.

答案解析：1. The main reason why juveniles commit crimes is2. it crucial to abide by the safety regulations3. of unfulfilling his promise to lower the unemployment rate4. can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course

5. got plentiful relief from the government. It's believed that mixed-ability teaching can _______________（促使他们知识的积累和经历的丰富）.

2. We _______________（使我们的行为符合别人的）based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation.

3. The class are very active. They ________________（争先恐后地回答问题）.

4. Oxygen is ________________（一种能和许多物质化合的气体）.

5. Mr. Smith is ________________（这次事故的目击者之一）.

答案解析：

1. enrich their knowledge and experience

2. fit our actions to those of other people

3. vie with each other in answering questions

4. a gas which unites with many substances

5. one of those who have witnessed the accident

1. Man，no less than the lower forms of life，_______________（是演化过程的产物）.

2. _______________（不止一个人觉察到）her agitation.

3. ________________（液体密度越大），the easier it is to float on it.

4. ____________（只有工人的要求得到满足）will they return to work.

5. Had ________________（要不是有水库）we'd never have been able to beat the drought. 答案解析：

1. is a product of the evolutionary process

2. More than one person has noticed

3. The denser a liquid is

4. Only when the workers' demands are satisfied

5. it not been for the reservoir

1. He works _______________（在倒数第二个办公室）.

2. The beauty of the lake is _______________（难以用语言形容）.

3. ________________（一个人如果关在家里），a person can't know much about the world.

4. _______________（完成作业后），they went to the library.

5. I found him ________________（被打得青一块紫一块）

答案解析：

1. in the last office but one

2. beyond description

3. Kept within houses

4. Having finished their homework

5. beaten black and blue

1. It was essential that _______________（我们在月底前签订合同）.

2. _______________（家庭人口多好还是人口少好）is a very popular topic，which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.

3. We must _____________（用一切可能的办法来帮助他们）.

4. We ________________（尽情地吃了一顿）at the new restaurant last Friday.

5. To most of the travelers，________________（衣、食、住、行）are all important elements. 答案解析：

1. We sign the contract by the end of the month

2. Whether a large family is good or not

3. help them in every way possible

4. ate to our hearts' content

5. food，clothing，shelter，and transportation

. The murderer deserves _______________（被绞死）.

2. _______________（他们来帮忙）encouraged me.

3. I was sorry ________________（没看上这部电影）.

4. In this night，if we can make good use of time，_______________（当然毫无疑问地我们会成功）.

5. The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand，the public also should __________（培养减少污染的好习惯）.

1. hanging/ to be hanged

2. Their coming to help

3. to have missed this film

4. there can surely be no doubt that we will succeed

5. develop the good habit of reducing pollution1.The doctor _______________（建议用一种新药来治疗这种病）.

2. The two parties differ very sharply from each other ___________（在采取正确的补救办法的问题上）.

3. An average student with average intelligence can be a top student ________________（只要仔细安排他/她的时间）.

4. _______________（让世界发展如此之快的）is the modern science and technology.

5. A student must treasure his time and ________________（吸收尽可能多的知识）to lay

a solid foundation for his future career.

答案解析 1. suggests treating the case with a new drug

2. over the correct remedies to apply

3. if he plans his/her time carefully

4. What makes the world develop so fast

5. absorb as much knowledge as he can

1. ______________（除非你和保险公司签订货物保险合同），you are not entitled to a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.

2. ______________（据报道，这个地方卫生组织25年前就成立了）when Dr. Mark became its first president.

3. Mrs. Smith shut the window lest ______________（外面的噪音会影响她儿子的睡眠）.

4. The new mayor was charged ______________（未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺）.

5. _____________（每当遇到这类问题时，我的大脑就一片空白），and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.

答案解析：1. Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods

2. It is reported that the local health organization was established 25 years ago/The local health organization is reported to have been established 25 years ago

3．the noise outside (should) interfere with her son's sleep

4．with failure to fulfill his promise to decrease the inflation rate

5．When confronted with such questions，my mind goes blank

1. We need not only be under various external pressures, but also _____________ （也要面对内心的困惑）.

2. Would you _______________（愿意来参加我们的晚会）on Friday?

3. After the operation，_____________（他的身体很健康）.

4.－Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival？

－___________（当然啦）.

5. ________________（我只发现了几个错误）in your composition.

答案解析： 1. to be in the face of the internal perplexities2. come to our evening party 3. he is in good health/he's healthy 4. Sure/ Certainly 5. I found a few mistakes

1.Everyone has his inherent ability ,________________ (只是很容易被习惯所掩盖)

2.The importance of traffic safety , _________________ (无论如何强调都不为过).

3.In my opinion , ______________ (打电动玩具既浪费时间也有害健康).

4.There is no doubt that ______________ (近视是一个很严重的问题)among the youth of our country.

5.According to my personal experience , ___________________ (微笑已带给我许多好处).

1. which is easily concealed by habits

解析：每个人都有与生俱来的能力，只是很容易被习惯所掩盖。本题的难点在于对动词"掩盖"的选择。这里的"掩盖"是抽象含义，并不是像 cover那样能找到真实的掩盖物，所以应该选择conceal，常用搭配由：conceal...from。另外，这句话是一个非限制性定语从句。句子需填补内容是对 ability的补充说明，"能力"是中心词。因此，要用which引导这个非限制性定语从句。

2. can’t be overemphasized / can’t be emphasized too much

解析：本句考查的是"再......也不为过的"的说法。英语句型是：cannot + do sth. + too much 或 cannot over-do，如：He is so excellent that we cannot praise him too much.(他是这样的优秀，我们怎样称赞他都不过分。)cannot是否定，与too much 和 over-V. 结构连用时强调肯定，表示"怎么......也不为过"。

3. playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health

解析：句子需填补部分的主语是"打电动玩具"，虽然"打"是动词，但根据全句结构我们需要将play处理成动名词形式充当主语。此外，考察"不仅......还"的句型。"浪费时间"除了答案表达之外也可以用waste time 。

4. near-sightedness is a serious problem