定语从句知识结构图解
定语从句知识结构图解
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定语从句知识结构图解
概念:定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词
⒈先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
②指物的先行
词
★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He haｓpaｓseｄthｅdriｖiｎg ｔｅsｔ, ｗhich sｕｒpｒｉses aｌl ｏfｕs. (ｗhicｈ替代前面所叙述的事情)
先行词
①替代前面的先行词
（替代作用)
关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）
③在定语从句中作句子成分
(成分作用）
定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词
标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类
关系词的分类关系代词:在从句中做主,宾，表,定
（tｈaｔ／ｗｈicｈ/ｗho/whoｍ/whosｅ/as)
关系副词:在从句中作状语
(Wｈeｎ/where/why)
⒊定语从句：用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子。
①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
定Heｉs a teacｈer wｈｏｗｏrkｓａt our schooｌ.
定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)
语Bｅijiｎｇ，whicｈｉs the cａpital of Cｈｉｎａ, is a beａutiｆuｌcｉty ｗith a lonｇhｉｓtoｒy．
比较：Hｅhaｓｔwo sons,who worｋinｔｈe sａme ｃｏｍｐaｎｙ. (He ha ｓｏｎlｙｔwo sons．）
从Ｈｅhas ｔｗo sｏnｓｗhｏworkｉn tｈe samｅcｏmpany．(Perha ｐｓhe has two mｏre sons)
句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语
Sｈe is the ｇirｌ(whom ／thaｔ)I loved beforｅ.
(可以省略whoｍ/ｔｈat)
②关系代词在定语从句中作表语
⒈关系代词的省略Ｈe is ｎo loｎgｅr the ｂoy(that)
he useｄto be．（可以省略that)
限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略
Housing prｉｃｅis ａproblem (that／whｉch）peｏple ａｒe inｔｅresｔｅd iｎ．
比较：Housing ｐrice iｓaｐroblｅm in whｉｃｈpｅopl ｅareｉnteresteｄ．
(此时只能用whiｃh且不能省略）
①以疑问词wｈo开头的句子中
定语从句几个难点Wｈo ｉs theｍan that is ｓｈouｔ
ｉｎg tｈeｒe?
②关系代词在从句中作表语时
用ｔhat的情况Ｓhe is not tｈｅgiｒl thａt she used
to be.
③先行词被thｅverｙ,the ｒｉｇｈｔ, ｔhe on
ｌy修饰
Thｉｓｉｓtｈe ｖｅrｙｐersoｎthat we are lｏoking ｆor.
⒉先行词是人
that/who的区别①先行词是one，ones, anyboｄy，all，none,
Thｏｓe who ｗant to go to thｅｃ
inｅma wilｌｈaｖe ｔo
wait ａtｔhe gaｔe of tｈe ｓcｈooｌ.
②句子中有两个定语从句,一
个用了that,另外一
用who的情况个用ｗho
Wｈo is ｔhｅboy that won
thｅgolｄｍedal?
③在ｔhｅre be 结构中
Tｈere areｍａny young mｅｎ
wｈo arｅaｇainstｈim.
④在非限定性定语从句当中
Toｍ, wｈo is my best friend, hａs g
ｏne ａbrｏaｄto stｕdy.
①在非限定性定语从句中.
Sheｌoｓt the gaｍｅ,ｗｈich deｐｒeｓｓed
ｈer greatly.
②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语.
Tｈｅpｅn with wｈiｃh you wr
ｉte iｓＪack’ｓ.
用whｉcｈ的情况③先行词是ｔhat或定语从句中套
Ｌeｔｍe show you ｔhe nｏ
ｖｅl that I boｒrｏwedｆｒｏm the liｂｒａ
ry ｗｈichｉs newｌy ｏpeｎto us.
①先行词是不定代词如ａlｌ，littｌe,fｅw，mucｈ,
⒊先行词是物aｎyｔｈinｇ, eve ｒythiｎg，nｏthing，none，nｏｏｎe等
ｔhａt / wｈiｃh的区别Shｅdid alｌthaｔｓｈe ｃould to hｅlｐｕｓ.
②先行词被all，ｅveｒｙ, ｎｏ,
some,litｔle，mｕｃh,ｔhe only，ｔhe
very，ｔｈｅｒiｇht,tｈｅlast等所修饰时
Ｔｈis is ｔhe very boｏk that I ｗａnt.
③先行词中既有人又有物时
She descriｂedｉｎher coｍｐosｉtionsｔhe ｐeｏｐle ａnd
用that的情况ｔｈe plａｃes that ｉmpｒesse ｄhｅr most.
④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
Tｈｉs is ｔｈe beｓt book thaｔI ｈａｖe evｅｒｒeａd．
Ｔhｉs is tｈeｆｉrsｔｆilm that I’vｅｓeen ｓiｎce I came herｅ.
⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一
个关系词以用whｉch,另外一个用that
He buiｌt a fａctory ｗｈ
icｈproducｅd ｔhings thatｈad nevｅr
been ｓeｅn before．
定⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which，另一个用ｔｈat
Ｗho ｉs the persoｎthaｔis staｎdｉng at ｔｈeｇａte?
语定语从句１0个难点①As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定
句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。常用于以下句型当中
从★Ｓuch／so….. as…．像…..一样ｔhｅsame…．as…和….．.同样的
A cｏmｐｕteｒis sｏuｓｅｆul ａmacｈiｎｅas we ｃan usｅeveryｄay.
句⒋As引导定语从He is ｎｏt the sａｍｅmaｎａs ｈe was.
句的用法②引导非限制性定语从句，此时
译为“正如，像”等。可以放在句首，句中或句末。
As I ｒeｍemｂer，ｔｈere wｅｒe a net ｂar hｅre.
Taｉwan is aｎinseparａble part oｆChiｎａ,ａs iｓkｎｏwｎto aｌl.
★ｔhｅsａme as．．．和the same that.．．引导定语从句的区别
Ｔｈis iｓtｈe same bike tｈat I ｌost yｅstｅｒday. (同一事物)
Tｈis iｓthe sａme ｂｉke as I lost yeｓｔerdａy. (同类事物)
①Wｈeｎ在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的tｉm ｅ，ｄay等
I sｔilｌｒｅmemｂer tｈe dａｙwhen I first came to Ｂeiｊｉnｇ.(wｈeｎ=ｏn whｉcｈ）
②Ｗheｒｅ在定语从句中做地点状语,先行词为表地点的ｐｌａce，sｐｏｔ等
Can you tell mｅｔhｅofｆice wｈerｅhe workｓ?（ｗheｒe=in wｈich)
③Why 在定语从句中做原因状语,先行词只有reａｓoｎ．
⒌关系副词的运用I ｄoｎ’t want ｔoｌｉsｔen tｏany reasoｎwｈy you wｅre aｂsen ｔ. (whｙ＝foｒｗｈich)
★关系副词 = 相应的介词+ 关系代词
★Whｅre引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间
的名词如case(情形），situaｔiｏｎ，pｏｓition
（位置）,sｔａｇe (阶段），poｉｎt（地步)等
Ｗhaｔａｒe ｔhe sｉtuａtionsｗherｅ
boｄy lanｇuage is the onｌy form of commun
ｉcation?
在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。
（此时wｈere = in whicｈ）
① way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式tｈａt/inｗhicｈ/ 不填
Ｔhe wayｉn ｗhich / that ／不填heｅxplａinｓｔhe ｓｅnteｎce ｔo us is ｑｕｉｔｅsiｍple．
比较：The ｗay whicｈ/that／不填he tｏld to uｓｗaｓｑuite ｓimple．
(★waｙ在定语中作tell的宾语)
time表示“次数”时，用关系代词
thaｔ引导定语从句
⒍几个特殊②先行词tｉｍe This isｔhe first time that th ｅpresideｎt ｈas viｓｉtｅｄｔhｅcountrｙ．
的先行词ｔime作“一段时间”讲时，应
用关系副词ｗheｎ
Ｔhis was the time wheｎｔｈe
ｒe weｒe no rａdiｏｓ, ｎo
teleｐhoｎes oｒno TV ｓets.
（★此时wheｎ= duｒinｇwhｉ
cｈ在..期间）
③先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时,定语从句的4种引导
方式
wｈy／fｏｒｗhicｈ/ｔhaｔ/
不填
Tｈｉs isｔhｅreason ｗhｙ/for whicｈ/ｔhaｔ/不填he can ｎｏｔcomeｈere.
比较:Ｉs thiｓthｅrｅasoｎｔhａt／wｈiｃｈ/
不填ｈｅexpｌａinｅd to uｓfor hｉｓａ
bsence from ｔhｅconｆｅreｎ
ce．（★reａsｏn 在定语从句
中做ｅxplaiｎ的宾语）
★该结构的关系代词只有两种即介词＋ｗhｉｃh
（指物）介词+whｏm（指
人）
★该结构介词的选用原则：
①根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配
Ｔhis is tｈe book on which Ｉspｅnt $8.
This is tｈｅbｏok for whｉcｈI pａiｄ$ 8.
②根据先行词的搭配习惯
I ｒemeｍｂer the daｙｓdurｉnｇwｈich I lｉveｄtherｅ．
I ｒemember the ｄay on whicｈI graduatｅｄfｒom univerｓity.
⒎介词+关系代词③根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定
The cｏlｏrless gas wiｔｈout ｗhiｃｈwｅcａn’t live isｃalled oxｙgen．
④英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。
Herｅis the moｎeｙwｉth whicｈｔｏbｕy thｅpi ａnｏ.
Sｈｅｉｓｔhe rｉghｔｐerｓｏｎｏn whｏｍto ｄepend.
定注意:Ⅰ如果介词后移,关系代词可以省略
Thｅpｅrson (wｈom/wｈo/tｈａｔ) ｙou wｉll writｅｔo is Ｔoｄd.
语定语从句1０个难点Ⅱ有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如
loｏk foｒ／after;take care of; ｓend for; heａｒfｒom/of／abｏuｔdeal wｉtｈ等
从Ｔhis ｉs thｅbaby thａt ｙoｕwill looｋａftｅr.
句①当先行词是one of +复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式
Tｈe GｒｅaｔWａlｌｉs one of tｈｅ
woｒld-famoｕｓbuｉldｉngs tｈaｔｄraw
ｌoｔs of visitor
⒏定语从句的eｖerｙyear.
主谓一致②当先行词是ｔhｅonlｙ + oｎｅof +复
数名词，从句谓语用单数形式
ThｅGreat Wall iｓｔｈｅonly ｏne
oｆthｅｂuildings on tｈe eａrth ｔhat is seen f
ｒom tｈe mｏｏn.
③先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动
词用单数
Ｇｒeat changes ｈaｖe ｔaｋen plaｃｅin China，as
is known ｔo alｌ.
Ｈe hａs pａssｅd ｔhe dｒivinｇtest, ｗｈｉｃh surprｉs
ｅs aｌl ｏf ｕs.
定语从句可以转换为–ing或－ed形式
⒐定语从句的Thｅgiｒｌ(wｈｏis) dａｎｃing now juｓt retuｒｎed from Taiwan.
转化Ｉloｖｅｔｈe ｓtorｉｅs (which wｅrｅ) wrｉtteｎby Hemingｗay.
Ｔhｅman （who staｎds）stanｄｉｎｇthｅrｅis my frien
ｄ.
①判断从句是否为定语从句（先行词，关系词,定语从句)
②准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)
10.定语从句的从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词
解题方法例:Is ｔｈｉs tｈｅｍuｓｅｕｍ___ you
visited a few dayｓａｇo?
Iｓｔhｉｓthe ｍusｅum __＿_ thｅexｈibition waｓ
ｈeld?
A.whｅrｅB．thaｔ C. on which
Ｄ．what
注意：Ⅰ．关系代词whoｓｅ的用法。Whosｅ在定语从句中做定语。
当先行词是人：whose = tｈe + 名词+of whom 当先行词是物:whose = the + 名词+ｏf whicｈ
Ｄo you know the ｂoy whose parenｔs/ ｔｈe pareｎts of wｈomａｒe ｏn holiday?
I’d like a ｒoom whoｓe window / tｈe window of wｈicｈfaceｓthe seａ．
Ⅱ.Tｈａt引导定语从句，名词性从句和强调句型的区别
定语从句中的thaｔ:关系代词,在后面的定语从句中做句子成分。
名词性从句中的thａｔ: 从属连词，只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分。
强调句中的tｈａt, 运用于ｉt is／was…ｔhat..结构；判断标准：去掉强调句型结构,成分仍然完整。
比较:Ｔhiｓiｓｔhｅｂook tｈat I am loｏking for. （ｔｈat引导定语
从句)
It is ａｔBａshuｍiｄdle schoｏｌtｈat Ｉhaｖe ｓtｕdiｅd for tｈｒｅe yeａｒ
s．（ｔhat和前面的it iｓ构成强调句型)
Ｔheｆaｃt tｈaｔｈe stole tｈe monｅy suｒpriｓed alｌof us. (that引
导名词性从句--同位语从句)
Ｔhat he will cｏmｅto ｔhe conference ｈas exｃitｅｄall of us. (ｔhａｔ引导名词性从句－-主语从句)
We all expｅct tｈaｔtｈey win,ｆor mｅmbｅrs ｏｆtheｉr teａｍarｅｓtrｏnｇeｒ. (ｔｈat引导名词性从句－-宾语从句)
Tｈeｒeaｓｏn fｏrｙｏur faｉluｒeｉs thaｔyou lack cｏnｆiｄｅｎce in yｏurseｌf. (th ａt引导名词性从句--表语从句)
定语从句练习题:
１.Ｔhｅy will ｆly to Washingｔon, ＿__＿___ ｔhey ｐlan to staｙfoｒtwo or thrｅe ｄａys．
?A. whｅre B．tｈｅrｅ???C. which?Ｄ．when
2.Tｈe groｗing speed of a plａntｉs influencｅｄby a numbｅr oｆfacｔｏrs,_______ aｒｅｂｅｙonｄour ｃｏntrol．
A. mｏst of tｈｅm??Ｂ. ｍoｓt ｏｆwhiｃｈ?? C. mｏｓt oｆｗｈat ?D. mosｔof tｈat
3. I wiｌl givｅｙoｕmy friend’s home address，＿___＿Ｉcａn beｒeacｈeｄmosｔeｖeninｇs．
?A. ｗhich B. wｈen ?C．whom ? D. wｈere
4. All the neighbｏrs admiｒｅthｉs family，_______ tｈe ｐarents are ｔrｅaｔｉng ｔｈeir chｉldｌiｋｅa f ｒｉｅnｄ.
A. wｈy???Ｂ．ｗｈerｅ?C．ｗhｉch ?D．that
5．Ｖiｌlagｅrs here ｄepｅnｄon the ｆishｉnｇｉｎdusｔry，＿＿＿＿___ ｔherｅwoｎ’t bｅｍuch worｋ.?A. wｈｅｒe?Ｂ. thaｔ? C. ｂy which? D. withouｔwhich
6. For manyｃｉties inｔｈe ｗｏrld, thｅｒe iｓno ｒoomｔo spread out fｕrther, _____ New York is an ｅxample.
?A. foｒwhiｃｈ???B. in whicｈ?Ｃ. ｏf wｈiｃh D.fｒｏm which
７. We went tｈrｏuｇh a pｅrｉod＿___ communｉcaｔions were very ｄｉfficult in the rural ａreas．
?A.ｗｈiｃｈ?B．ｗｈose???Ｃ. iｎwｈich???D.with which
8. We shouldｎ’t spenｄour mｏney ｔeｓtiｎg so mａny peoplｅ, mosｔof ____ ａre healtｈy.
?A. tｈat?? B. ｗhich ??C.what?? D.whom
https://www.360docs.net/doc/2413926116.html,st ｗeek,oｎlｙtwo ｐｅｏｐle came to loｏｋａｔthe hoｕse, ___＿_ wａnｔed tｏbuｙiｔ.
A. nonｅof them
B. boｔh oｆthem C．none oｆwhｏm ??D. nｅｉther of whｏm
１0. It is reportｅd tｈaｔtwo ｓchools,__＿__ are beｉng built iｎｍy hｏme town, will ｏpen next ｙear.
A. tｈey both?
B. ｗhiｃh both
C. both ｏｆthem ?
D. both ｏf whｉcｈ
11. Ｂy ｓervinｇothers, ａpｅrson ｆocuseｓｏｎsomｅone otherｔhaｎhimｓeｌf oｒherｓｅlf，＿___＿
canｂe veｒy eyｅ－opｅｎｉｎg and ｒｅwarding.
A．who ? B. wｈich???C. whａｔ???D. that
１2. Ｌｏok oｕｔ!Doｎ’t get ｔoo clｏsｅto the houｓe____＿＿ｒooｆｉs undeｒrｅｐaｉr.
A. whoｓｅ
B.which ?C．ｏfｗhich ?D. what
1３.Wｅｓaw sｅveral natives advancing tｏwａｒds oｕｒpａrtｙ,and ｏｎｅoｆtｈem ｃａme up tｏus.____＿ｗeｇaｖｅsｏme bellｓanｄglａsses.
A. tｏwhich
B. to wｈoｍ??C．wｉｔh whom D. ｗith whｉcｈ
14. Many childreｎ，＿＿__ｐarｅntｓarｅaway woｒｋｉng in big ｃities，ａrｅtaken ｇood care of ｉn ｔhｅvｉｌｌａge.
A. theｉｒ?B．whｏse?C. ｏｆthｅm?Ｄ.witｈｗhｏm
１5. —Wｈat do you ｔhｉnk oｆｔeａchiｎg,Bｏb？
—Iｆind itｆｕn and cｈａllenginｇ.It is a ｊob __＿you are doing somｅthiｎg seｒiｏuｓbut iｎterestｉｎg．
?A.whｅre ??B.which C.ｗhen???D.thａｔ
16. The houｓe Ｉgrｅw uｐ________ haｓbｅeｎtakeｎdowｎand ｒeplaced byａn offiｃe buiｌding.
A. iｎit?Ｂ. in Ｃ.in that ??D. ｉn which
１7. She broｕght wｉth her thrｅe fｒiends，none of_____Ｉhad eveｒmeｔbefore.
A. them??
B. wｈｏ?
C. ｗhoｍ?
D.theｓe
１8．WｈeneverＩmet ｈer，__＿＿＿wａsｆairlｙoften, she greｅｔｅd mｅｗｉth a swｅet smｉｌe．
?A. who ?B.wｈiｃｈ??C. ｗheｎ??D. that
19.Liｆe iｓlike a long ｒacｅ_＿_＿＿ｗe compeｔｅｗｉthｏｔhers tｏｇo beyond ouｒselves.
?A. whｙ?Ｂ. ｗhaｔ??C. thａt ?Ｄ.ｗhere
20. That is suｃh a wｅll-known ｐlaｃe__＿__everyone wants ｔｏｖｉsit __＿＿ｗe can fｉｎd iｔin ｔhe maｐof
ｔhｅworld.
Ａ.ｔhａｔ; which B. as;ａs C.thaｔ; that D. aｓ;thａt
2012高考英语单选题分类汇编定语从句
【2012全国卷ＩＩ】⒏Ｔhat evｅniｎg,_＿_ I wｉll tell you moｒｅabout later, Ｉenｄｅd ｕp workｉng veｒｙｌate．
?Ａ. ｔhａt?B．which C. what?D. wｈen
【２01２安徽】29．Ａlｏt of langｕａｇe learning,hａs beeｎdisｃovered，is hａppeninｇｉn the fiｒst year ofｌife, soｐareｎts shouｌd ｔalｋmuch to tｈeｉr chiｌｄｒen during that period.
A. as
B. iｔ
C.which
D.thｉs
【201２重庆】29. Saleｓdirecｔor is ａposiｔｉon _＿___＿coｍmｕnicaｔionａbiｌity ｉs just as iｍporｔant as sal ｅs sｋills.
A. which
B. that Ｃ. wｈen D. whｅre
【2０１2北京】26．Wheｎdeeplｙaｂsoｒbeｄｉn work, __＿_＿＿he ofｔｅｎwas,ｈｅｗoulｄｆｏrget ａll ａｂout eatｉng or sｌeeping.
A. thａｔ?Ｂ.whicｈ??Ｃ. ｗhｅrｅ??D. whｅn
【2０12福建】23.Ｔhｅair ｑuaｌiｔy iｎthe cｉtｙ，_＿＿_＿is ｓhown in tｈｅreporｔ,ｈas impｒoved ovｅｒthe paｓt twｏｍonthｓ．
Ａ．tｈａt B. it C. ａs D．ｗhat
【20１2陕西】1４. It is ｔｈe tｈiｒd timｅtｈat ｓhe hａsｗｏn theｒａce，____ haｓsuｒpriｓed ｕs all.
A. that B．where Ｃ. ｗhiｃh D．wｈat
【20１2山东】23. Maria hａｓwriｔten ｔwo novels,both of_＿_ haｖe been made ｉnto televisionｓerｉeｓ.
Ａ. theｍＢ. tｈat C. which D. what
【20１2湖南】34．Care oｆｔｈe sｏul isａgｒaduａl proｃｅｓs _＿_＿even thｅｓｍall deｔａilｓof lifｅshould be ｃｏnｓidereｄ.
Ａ. ｗhat B. ｉn wｈat C．whicｈD．in ｗｈiｃh
【2０12天津】7.Ｉwｉｓh to tｈａnk Proｆｅsｓｏr Smith, ｗｉtｈoｕt ＿___ help Ｉwｏulｄneｖer have got thｉs faｒ．
A. whｏ
B. ｗhｏsｅ
C.whom Ｄ. which
【２０12江西】28.By 16:3０,____was almost cloｓｉｎg timｅ,ｎeaｒｌｙａlｌｔhe ｐａiｎtings had beｅｎsold.
A. wｈｉｃh
B.when
C.whaｔ
D.ｔｈat
【201２四川】13. In oｕｒcｌaｓｓｔｈere arｅ46 studｅｎts，_____ half ｗｅar glasses.
Ａ. in whom B. in them C.of ｗhoｍＤ. oｆtheｍ
【２01２浙江】９. We livｅin an ａｇe _＿_＿＿_ morｅiｎformatｉｏn ｉｓavaｉlａble wiｔh greatｅr ease than ｅver bｅｆｏｒｅ.
A. ｗhy Ｂ. wheｎC．ｔo whom D. oｎwhicｈ【201２浙江】１7. Elｌｅｎｗas a painter oｆbirds and ｏf nature, ＿_＿__, for sｏme reason, had withdrawnｆｒom aｌl huｍａｎsｏciety.
A．ｗｈich B.who Ｃ. wｈere Ｄ. whom
【2012江苏】22. Aftｅr thｅflooｄing,people were sufｆｅringｉnｔhａt area，__＿_ ｕrgｅｎtly neｅdｅd cleａｎwateｒ, meｄicine and shｅlｔｅr to ｓurvive．
A. wｈｉch Ｂ. who C. wｈere D. whaｔ
练习、定语从句
一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：
1.The fan is on ｔｈe desk. Yｏu waｎt it.
2．Ｔｈｅmａn is in the next room. He bｒouｇht our textｂooks hｅrｅyesterｄay.
３．The magaziｎe ｉｓmine.He has taken it ａway.
4.Ｔhe stｕdｅnts wｉll not pａss theｅｘaｍ. Theyｄoｎ’t stuｄy hard.
5. Ｔhe woｍan is oｕr gｅography tｅacher. Ｙou saw her iｎthe ｐａrｋ.
6. Thｅleｔter is from my ｓｉstｅr．I received ｉｔyesｔeｒdaｙ.
7. Tｈｅpｌay wａs wｏndeｒｆｕl. We ｓaｗit lasｔｎight.
８. Tｈe trainｗas late. It was going to Nanniｎg.
9. The boy is mｙbrｏｔheｒ. He ｗasｈereａmiｎutｅａgo.
10. Tｈe tｒeｅis ｑｕｉte tall.Ｈe iｓcｌimbiｎg it.
１1. Here is thｅgｉrｌ. Heｒbrotｈer ｗoｒｋs ｉｎthｉs shoｐ.
12．Thaｔ’s the chiｌd.We ｗeｒe lookiｎg ａt hｉｓdrawing juｓt now.
13. This ｉｓtheｂoy. Ｈiｓｓiｓteｒｉs a famous singeｒ.
14. Ｉwant to talk to thｅｂoys. Tｈeir homework hａven’ｔｂｅｅn ｈａndeｄin．
15.Is tｈat the woman? Heｒｄａugｈtｅr ｉs in my class．
16. Ｈe used to live in ａbig hoｕse. In ｆｒont oｆit ｇｒew many ｂanａnａtｒees.
17.They pａsｓｅd a facｔｏｒy. At thｅback ｏf tｈｅｆａctoｒy tｈerｅｗere rice ｆieｌdｓ.
1８．Tｈe ｓｏldieｒran to ｔhe buildｉｎg．Oｎthe ｔop of it fｌew a fｌag.
１9.In thｅeveｎｉng they arｒｉveｄat a ｈill．At tｈe foｏt oｆｔhe hｉll ｔhere ｗas a temple.
2０. Sｈe caｍe iｎto a big rooｍ. Ｉn tｈe ｍiddlｅof it stｏｏd ａlaｒge ｔablｅ.
二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词ｗhom或wｈiｃh:
1. The pｅrｓon _＿＿__＿__ __＿＿_＿__I spoke justｎow is tｈe manａgｅr that I told you abｏut.
2. Tｈe ｐｅncｉl ＿__＿＿_＿＿＿___＿＿__he ｗas ｗriting brokｅ.
3.Wu Doｎg, _＿______ ＿_＿_＿___ Ｉweｎｔto tｈe cｏncｅrt, enjoｙedｉt vｅryｍuch．
4. Theｔwo things________ ＿＿______Maｒx wａs noｔsure were tｈe gｒaｍｍaｒａnd some of ｔhｅi ｄiomｓof Eｎglish.
5. Hｅr bag, _______＿__＿＿___＿she ｐut alｌhｅr ｂooｋs,has not beeｎfoｕnd.
6. Ｔhe storｉｅs ａｂout the Long Maｒch, ____________＿___ ｔｈis ｉs ｏｎe eｘａmplｅ, arｅweｌl wrｉｔten.
答案1. The fan that yｏu want ｉs on the desk.２．The mａn ｗｈｏｂrouｇｈt oｕr textbookｓhere yesterｄaｙis in ｎｅｘt rooｍ． 3. Tｈe magaｚiｎe whｉｃｈhｅhas taｋeｎaway iｓmiｎe．4．Ｔhe ｓｔｕdｅntsｗho ｄon’t ｓtｕdy ｈarｄwillｎot paｓs ｔhe ｅxam． 5. The wｏmanｙｏu ｓaw iｎthe ｐａrkｉｓour gｅography tｅacher. 6. ＴhｅletteｒI rｅcｅived ｙestｅrday ｉｓfrom my ｓiｓtｅr．7. Ｔhe plａｙｔhaｔwｅsaw lａst niｇht ｗas wondeｒｆul. 8．Tｈe tｒaiｎwhich was going ｔo Ｎaｎｎing ｗａs lａte. 9.The bｏy who waｓhｅre a miｎute aｇo iｓmｙbrｏthｅr．１0．The trｅｅhe is cｌimｂinｇiｓquitｅtalｌ.11. Ｈｅr ｅｉs tｈe giｒl whoｓｅｂｒothｅr woｒks in thｉs ｓhｏp. 12.That’s the chiｌd whose drawingｗe ｗere ｌookinｇat jｕsｔｎow.13. This is the ｂoy whoseｓister is a faｖｏｕs singer.1４．I waｎt ｔｏtalk to ｔhe ｂoy wｈose homewｏrk ｈasn’ｔｂeen hanｄed in. 1５.Ｉs ｔhat the woman ｗhｏse ｄaughter iｓｉｎmy cｌasｓ? １6. He used ｔo ｌivｅiｎa biｇhｏuse,ｉn front oｆwhich grｅw manｙｂanana trｅes. １7. They pasｓed a faｃｔory，ａt thｅｂacｋoｆｗｈiｃh there were rｉce fieldｓ．1８.Tｈｅsoldier ran to ｔhe buil ｄｉng, oｎthｅtop of ｗhiｃh ｆlｅw a flag. 19.In tｈe eveninｇｔhey ａrrived aｔ a hｉｌｌ, aｔｔｈe foot of ｗｈｉch theｒｅwａs a templｅ．20. Sｈe ｃame iｎto a ｂig rｏom, in the ｍidｄle of which stoodａlaｒge tａble.
二、1. to whom; 2．ｗihｔwｈich；3．wiｔh whom; 4. aboｕt ｗhich; 5. in which; 6. of whｉch
Ⅲ、Correcｔthe misｔａkes in theｆolloｗｉng sｅnｔｅｎｃｅｓiｆtherｅａｒe any:
1、He tｏｌｄus ａbout tｈｅｃｏuｎtｒieｓwhere hｅｈad vｉsited.
２、Egｙpt ｉs a ｃｏuｎtrｙｗｈerｅis faｍous fｏr its ｐyrａmｉds．
3、Cｈｉna isｔhe couｎｔｒｙwｈere he spent the best part of his life.
４、The days whenｗｅspｅntｔogｅtheｒcａnnot bｅeaｓｉly fｏrgｏtｔen.
5、The hｏuｓe standｓat the plａce that the tｗo roaｄs mｅｅｔ.
６、We shａｌｌｖiｓiｔｔｈe ｃｏｌlege wｈerｅhis ｆathｅｒteacｈｅs thｅre.
7、I knoｗthe reasoｎtｈat she looks so wｏrrieｄ．
8、Hｅleft ｍe thｅboｏk, tｈat iｓvｅry uｓefulｆor mｅ.
9、This ｉs tｈe room wｈicｈfood ｉs keｐｔ．
10、Apｒil １5, 1９76 ｉs the ｄay wheｎwe’lｌnever foｒget.
１1、Theｍanｃame yｅsterｄａｙis ｏur Englisｈｔeaｃｈｅｒ.
１2、Ｔhe studenｔs arｅplaｙｉng ｆootbaｌl oｎthe plaｙgｒounｄａrｅof ClａsｓＴwo . 1３、Ｔｈis isａlｌwｈich I cａn ｄo fｏr yoｕ.
１4、Can yoｕthinｋof anyone who’s house was here?
1５、Tｈe watｃh that Mｏｔｈer ｂｏｕｇht iｔfor me ｗorｋs veｒy wｅｌl.
16、Thｉs iｓthe only booｋｔhat werｅborｒoｗed frｏm thｅlibrary.
17、The day ｗｈiｃｈｓhｅｈad to leavｅａrrivｅd ａt lasｔ．
１8、Ｔhe doctoｒwhoｍｔhｅy want toｓｅe haｖe ｃome.
19、Do you know ｔhe younｇman whom ｈas beｅn cｈoｓen chairman？
2０、The pａrｋstands ａt ｔｈｅpｌace thatｔhe twｏｒｉvers meeｔ.
21、Ａplane is a ｍacｈine cａn ｆlｙ.
22、Iｔｉs oｎe ｏf the beｓt pｉcｔuｒes which havｅbeｅn sold.
23、Thoｓe that waｎt ｔｏgo putｕp yoｕr hanｄs.
24、This is the knife wiｔh that ｔhe doｃtor ｄid ｔhe operatiｏn．
25、Who iｓｔhe man whom yｏu sａid ｈello just now?
定语从句知识结构图解
定语从句知识结构图解 概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词 ⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 ②指物的先行词 ★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词 ①替代前面的先行词（替代作用） 关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用） ③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用） ⒉关系词: 引导定语的词 标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类 关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定 （that/which/who/whom/whose/as） 关系副词：在从句中作状语 (When/where/why) ⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。 ①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。 定He is a teacher who works at our school. 定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开) 语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history. 比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.) 从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons) 句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) ②关系代词在定语从句中作表语 ⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略 Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested. （此时只能用which且不能省略） ①以疑问词who开头的句子中 定语从句几个难点Who is the man that is shouting there? ②关系代词在从句中作表语时 用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be. ③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰 This is the very person that we are looking for. ⒉先行词是人 that/who的区别①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. ②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一 用who的情况个用who Who is the boy that won the gold medal? ③在there be 结构中 There are many young men who are against him. ④在非限定性定语从句当中 Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.
初中英语定语从句的用法解析
初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语） 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
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Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
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(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
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最新定语从句知识结构图解
1 2 定语从句知识结构图解 3 概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，4 充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指 5 人的先行词 6 ⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 7 ②指物的先行词 8 ★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 9 He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. 0 (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 1 先行词 2 ①替代前面的先行词 3 （替代作用） 4 关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从 5 句（连接作用） 6 ③在定语从句中作句子成分 7 （成分作用） 8 定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词 9 标准:根据关系词在从句中做的 句子成分种类 1 2 关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，
3 定 4 5 （that/which/who/whom/whose/as） 6 关系副词：在从句中作状语 7 (When/where/why) 8 ⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。 9 ①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。 1 定 He is a teacher who works at our school. 2 定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用 (先行词与定语从句之3 间有逗号隔开) 4 语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with 5 a long history. 6 比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only 7 two sons.) 8 从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he 9 has two more sons) 1 句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 2 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) 3 ②关系代词在定语从句中作表语
初中定语从句专项讲解与练习
定语从句（初中） 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） The coat （that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） ； 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语。例如： The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语） The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. （作宾语） ，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom。例如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） Who is the teacher （whom）Li Ming is talking to（作宾语） 注意： 1）当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时，who、that、which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构（此时关系代词不能用that代替）。例如：This is the house (which/that) we lived in last year.(可省) This is the house in which we lived last year.(不可省，关系代词不可用that) - Please tell me (whom/that) you borrowed the English novel from.(可省) Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.(不可省，关系代词不可用that) 2）关系词只能用that的情况： a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： He was the first person that passed the exam. This is the most beautiful place that I have been to . b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one 等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop= I didn't understand the words all that he said. c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few ，no，just等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： 】 This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如： Who is the girl that is crying 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁
初中定语从句详解
初中定语从句详解 2010-09-14 21:16 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。如何对定语从句突出重点、突破难点，是我们每个初中英语教师思考的问题，也是要帮助学生要解决的问题之一。下面我对初中英语的定语从句谈谈我的粗浅看法。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如：Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today.
专项训练定语从句知识点总结
译林版中考英语专项训练定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句 1．Jack likes being with the classmates ________ are outgoing and kind. A．where B．which C．when D．who 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：杰克喜欢和性格开朗、和蔼可亲的同学在一起。A. where在哪；B. which哪个；C. when何时；D. who谁。这里是定语从句，先行词是the classmates是名词，表示人，关系词用who。根据题意，故选D。 2．According to a survey, people ___________ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：根据一项调查，能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which 哪一个，代物/人；B. whom谁，宾格，代人；C. whose谁的，代物主；D. who谁，主格，代人。本句是定语从句，people人/人们，在句中做主语，结合句意和语境，可知选D。 3．（河南省2015年中考英语试题）—Why don’t you like fishing? —Fishing is a hobby needs much patience, but I’m not patient at all. A．who B．that C．it D．what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼？——钓鱼的爱好需要很大的耐心，但我根本没有耐心。考查定语从句的用法。who谁；that那；it它；what什么。先行词a hobby是物，在定语从句中作主语，可知用关系代词that或which引导此定语从句，结合选项可知选B。 4．The story ______ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. A．whose B．who C．that D．where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我在报纸上读到的那个故事是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。 考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事，用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。