必修三第一单元学案教师用(张俊田)
必修三第一单元《中国传统文化主流思想的演变》复习学案
平定一中张俊田
课标要求
1.知道诸子百家，认识春秋战国时期百家争鸣局面形成的重要意义；了解孔子、孟子和荀子等思想家以及儒家思想的形成。
2.知道汉代儒学成为正统思想的史实。
3.列举宋明理学的代表人物，说明宋明时期儒学的发展。
4.列举李贽、黄宗羲、顾炎武、王夫之等思想家，了解明清时期儒学思想的发展。
学习任务
（一）“百家争鸣”和儒家思想的形成
1.什么是“百家争鸣”？概述出现的原因及影响。
（二）“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”
3.归纳董仲舒的新儒学观点，他的新儒学“新”在哪里？你对此作何评价？
4.归纳汉武帝大兴儒学的史实及结果。
5.概述儒学在汉代成为正统思想的过程并评述其影响。
（三）宋明理学
6.归纳程朱理学的主要观点及其影响。
7.归纳陆王心学产生的背景及主要主张。
8.比较程朱理学和陆王心学的异同，说明宋明时期儒学发展的脉络。
9.全面客观分析宋明理学的影响。
（四）明清之际活跃的儒家思想
10.归纳明清之际思想家李贽、黄宗羲、顾炎武、王夫之的思想主张，分析这些思想主张的特点、产生的时代背景和影响。
11.概述中国传统文化主流思想的演变。
能力训练
1．儒家经典强调：“上好礼，则民莫敢不敬；上好义，则民莫敢不服；上好信，则民莫敢不用情。”这段话体现的是
A．民本思想 B．仁政思想 C．礼法并重 D．礼治为先
2．宋代理学家周敦颐认为，“天以阳生万物，以阴成万物。生，仁也”。周敦颐在此所阐释的是
A．“仁”与万物生成的关系 B．孟子的仁政思想
C．阴阳互相依存的关系 D．道家顺应自然的思想
3. （2009·海南高考）荀子是战国时期儒家思想的主要代表人物，其思想与法家共通的是
A. 天行有常
B. 人性本恶
C. 礼法并用
D. 民水君舟
4.（2009·海南高考改编题）董仲舒融合先秦以来各家思想，形成自己独特的新儒学体系，其思想基础源于对一部儒家经典的新阐释，该经典是
A.《春秋》
B.《论语》
C.《孟子》
D.《易经》
5. （2009·安徽文综）儒家思想经过不断发展，逐渐成为中国传统文化的主流。以下言论最能体现其适应加强中央集权需要的是
A. “为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星共(拱)之。”
B. “以德兼人者王，以力兼人者弱，以富兼人者贫。”
C. “诸不在六艺之科孔子之术者，皆绝其道，勿使并进。”
D. “我之出而仕也，为天下，非为君也。”
6．（2009年海南卷）汉武帝倡导“独尊儒术”。后来，汉宣帝反对专任儒生时说“汉家自有制度，本以霸王道杂之，奈何纯任德教，用周政乎。”此处所谓“周政”，主要是指周代的（）A．分封制度 B．井田制度 C．宗法制度D．礼乐制度
7.下列关于宋明理学的表述，正确的是 ( )
①理学是以儒家思想为基础，吸收佛教和道教思想形成的
②南宋的朱熹和陆九渊分别是理学和心学的集大成者
③心学认为“心”就是“理”，“宇宙便是吾心”
④理学强调“天理”是宇宙万物的本原，“格物致知”是一种主观唯心主义思想
A. ①②
B. ③④
C. ②④
D. ①③
8.(2009·江苏高考)某思想家强调孝、悌、慈等伦理道德均源于人之自然本性，这位思想家是
A. 孔子
B. 董仲舒
C. 朱熹
D. 王阳明
9.（2010年新课程卷）王安石提出“形者，有生之本”，与之相对立的观点是
A．“心外无物” B．“天地为万物之本”
C．“夫形于天地之间者，物也” D．“舍天地则无以为道”
10．（2008年广东卷）某思想家说：“我之出而仕也，为天下，……为万民，非为一姓也。”他所反对的是
A．民主共和制度B．中央集权制度
C．专制主义制度D．君主立宪制度
11.（2010年海南卷）“君子之为学也，以明道也，以救世也。”这一言论体现的观念是A．格物致知 B．尊崇道统
C．心外无理 D．经世致用
12．（2011年高考福建文综16题）《唐律疏议》记载：“德礼为政教之本，刑罚为政教之用，犹昏晓阳秋相须而成者也。”这表明
A．德礼是刑罚的本体 B．刑罚是德礼的体现
C．德礼相较于刑罚无足轻重 D．德礼和刑罚对政教皆不可缺
13．（17分）阅读下列材料，回答问题：
材料一：吾将以教主尊孔子。……而教主不足以尽孔子。教主感化力所及，限于其信徒……举中国人，虽未尝读孔子之书者，而皆在孔子范围中也……吾将以教育家尊孔子。……而教育家不足以尽孔子。教育家之主义及方法，只能适用于一时代、一社会，而孔子之教育，则措四海而皆准，俟百世而不惑也……吾将以政治家尊孔子。……而政治家不足以尽孔子。食政治家之赐者，不过一国……不过百年，而孔子之因时的政治，可以善当时之中国，可以善2000年迄今之中国……
━━摘自梁启超《世界伟人》
(1)材料一作者是怎样评价孔子的?(3分)概括指出作者评价的主要依据。(3分)
材料二：《春秋》大一统者，天地之常经，古今之通谊也。今师异道，人异论，百家殊方，指意不同，是以上亡以持一统；法制数变，下不知所守。臣愚以为诸不在六艺之科孔子之术者，皆绝其道，勿使并进。邪辟之说灭息，然后统纪可一而法度可明，民知所从矣。
━━《汉书?董仲舒传》（2）材料二集中反映了董仲舒哪些思想主张？（1分）这一主张对于西汉王朝的统治有何意义？（1分）这一主张对儒学又产生了什么影响?（1分）
材料三：天理流行，触处皆是：暑往寒来，川流山峙，父子有亲，君臣有义之类，无非这理。
━━《朱子语类》（3）理学又被称为“新儒学”，据材料三说明其“新”在何处？（2分）
材料四：黄宗羲认为：“世儒不察，以工商为末，妄议抑之”；顾炎武提出要因地制宜，振兴工商业；黄宗羲在《原君》中宣称皇帝乃是“天下之大害”；明末清初的思想家们主张为学应求务实，应关乎国计民生，致力于社会变革，并身体力行。
（4）依据材料四，概括明清时期三大思想家的思想内容。（3分）这些思想与中国传统儒学的关系怎样？（1分）
材料五：孔子之道，远传于四域之外，东经朝鲜，波及日本。南则风靡于安南……孔子之道，又流行于欧美。英、法、德、美、意、奥之学者，热心研究孔子者，岁炽日烈……就全世界观之，《论语》之价值，已与《新约全书》竞胜。
━━摘自日本学者岛献吉朗《诸子百家》（5）综合上述材料，简要谈谈“孔子之道”在人类文明进程中的地位。（2分）
【答案】1——5：BABAC 6——10：DDDAC 11——12：DD
13.（1）评价：思想家(或儒学创始人、“儒教教主”)；教育家；政治家。（3分)
主要依据：中国人深受孔子思想影响（或儒家思想对中华民族的民族性格影响深远）；孔子的教育思想影响广泛、深远；孔子的政治主张不受时代限制（或孔子的政治思想对我国的政治建设影响深远）。(3分)
（2）主张：“大一统”、“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”。（1分）
意义：巩固国家政治统一，加强中央集权。（1分）
影响：确立了儒学在中国传统文化中的主流地位。（1分）
（3）把理和儒家传统道德结合起来（或把儒家传统道德上升到理的高度）。（2分）（4）内容：政治上，批判君主专制；经济上主张“工商皆本”；学术上，主张学以致用。（3分）
关系：儒家思想在新的历史条件下的发展，构建了具有时代特色的新的儒学体系。（1分）
（5）逐渐成为中国传统文化的主要部分，其博大精深的文化品格具有世界性影响。(2分)
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Book3 unit1 —Festivals around the world期末复习 I. 单词拼写 1. The students have to be __________ (提醒) about their homework. 2. __________ (明显)，the work is going to take some time. 3. You should __________ (道歉) to your brother for your behavior. 4. With your______________ (许可)，I should like to visit Mrs. Thorne. 5. Lewis was much ____________(羡慕) for his work on cancer. 6. It is my ___________(相信) that we’ll find a cure at last. 7. Shortly after our ____________(到达) in London, Lisa was attacked. 8. _____________(农业) land is getting smaller, which demands government’s attention. 9. The guide offers information on local _____________(风俗)。 10. The heavy snow ended hopes of a good ___________ （收成）that year. 11. Do you know when India gained its _______________ (独立) from Britain. 12It is not his custom to ___________（淹没）sadness in wine. 13. I will never ___________(原谅) you for what you said to me last night. 14.The story has attracted ______________(世界性的) attention. 15.She was ______________(奖赏) medal for her great contribution to the country. II. 完成句子 1. Children’s Day ____________ ____________ on June 1. 六一儿童节是在每年的六月一号。 2. Great changes have ____________ ____________ in little Tom since his brother went to university.自从哥哥上了大学，小Tom身上发生了很大的变化。 3. A big earthquake ____________ ____________ in Japan, in 2011. 2011年日本发生了一次大地震。 4. A film will be made ______ ____________ ______ those brave fire fighters. 为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。 5. They ____________ ______ and try to frighten people.他们乔装打扮去吓唬别人。 6. We ____________ ______ for the school ball on Christmas Day.我们为参加学校圣诞舞会盛装打扮。 7. He often ____________ ____________ ______ me in public, which makes me angry. 他经常在公共场合开我的玩笑，这使我很生气。 8. The fellows likes ____________ ____________ ______ their manager.这群年轻人爱捉弄他们经理。 9. I have been ____________ ____________ to ____________ a chance to visit Huangshan. 我一直盼望有机会去黄山观光。 10. He ____________ ____________ to seeing who was making a loud noise in the crowd. 他特想看看谁在人群里吵闹。 11. In order to finish the task on time, they worked _________ _________ _________.为了按时完成任务，他们日夜工作。 12. My teacher looked _________ _________ he had known about it completely. 老师好像已经知道了。 13. People love to get together to eat, drink and _________ _________ with each other. 人们喜欢聚在一起吃喝玩乐。 14. We were _________ _________ when you phoned me.你给我打电话的时候我们正玩得开心。 15. Why do they plan to meet at the _________ _________ at 8 o’clock? 他们为什么在停车场见面？ 16. She promised to come, but so far hasn’t _________ _________.她答应来，但现在还没露面。 17. It is a great advantage to him that he always _________ _________ _________. 他总是守信，这一点对他十分有利。 18. I _________ _________ _________, but he didn’t. 我守诺了，但他没有。 19. We all _________ _________ _________ till he landed safely. 我们屏住呼吸直到他安全落地。 20. We ________ ________ at 7:00, while the roads were empty.我们7点出发，趁那是路上没什么车。 21. We had planned to _________ _________ at 7:00, but something unexpected happened.我们本打算7点出发，但发生了没预料到的事。 22. The photo _________ _________ _________ the days we spent in the summer camp. 这张照片总让我想起在夏令营我们一起度过的日子。 23. My memory becomes worse; I have to be _________ _________ everything.我的记性越来越差，什么事都得提醒。 24. _________ _________ _________ _________ the teacher has known about it.很明显老师已经知道这事儿了。 25. I’m not sure what I am doing this Saturday, but I _________ _________ to the Rolling Stones concert. 我不知道这周末做什么，可能我去听音乐会。III.句义，完成B 句, 使其句义相同或相近。 1. A: Do you know how the accident happened? B: Do you know how the
高中人教版英语必修4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour运用导学案
BOOK IV Unit 3 A taste of English humour 课文阅读导学案5 编写人: 审核人：审批人：使用时间： 班级: 姓名：小组：小组评价: 教师评价: 【学习目标】1．准确把握文章主旨，提升文章概括理解能力。 2．激情诵读，整体理解课文，合作探究，大胆质疑。 3. 激情投入，享受学习的快乐。 Task I Read some of the customer and waiter jokes and match the joke with the explanation. Keys：①______ ②______ ③______ Task II Read Part2 and judge the statements True (T) or False (F). （）1. From the story we can know that Doctor Watson was cleverer than Sherlock Holmes. （）2. Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson met in a mountainous area occasionally. （）3. The phrase “open air” means outside the building. （）4. Holmes was not content with all the replies Watson gave. （）5. This is a meaningful story, giving us a good lesson. Task III Fill in the blanks Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks. Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson lay in the open air _______ the stars, while _________ camping in a ___________ area. Holmes __________ to Watson what he thought of when looking at that beautiful sky. Watson first replied how ________ life was and how long the universe had ________; then replied how small he was and how ________ the sky was; and a ________ time, he replied how cold the universe was and how warm people could be ______ their beds. Holmes was not satisfied; he said he should think someone had ________ their tent. Task IV Useful words, phrases and sentences 1.particular (adj.) 特殊的；挑剔 拓展：be particular about 对…挑剔in particular 尤其;特别;格外 be particular to 是……特有的 例：The coconut is particular to the tropics. 椰子是热带地区特有的。 She is particular about her clothes. 她对衣着很讲究。 I like the song in particular. 我尤其喜欢这首歌。 辨析：specially / especially / particularly specially = on purpose特意地，专门的(为了某一目的)，一般与表目的的不定式或介词for 短语连用。如：I came here specially to see you. 我特地到这儿来看你。 especially = particularly = in particular = in especial特别地；尤其是；特别是，表示陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调，有意突出到显眼或例外的程度，强调“超过其他，与众不同”，在介词或连词前用得较多。如： I like Harbin, especially in summer. 我喜欢哈尔滨，尤其是哈尔滨的夏天。 2. occasion(n.) (事情发生的)时刻; 时候; 场合 拓展：on occasion 有时; 偶尔on this / that occasion 此时(那时) on one occasion 有一次; 曾经on the occasion of 在……的时候; 值此之际 on no occasion任何场合都不，决不（置于句首时主句进行部分倒装） 例：We should keep quiet on such an occasion. 在这种场合我们应该保持安静。 On another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. 还有一次, 他在一个废弃的停车场着陆。 I was not at work on that occasion. 那时候我正好不上班。 I’ve met him on several occasions 我曾见过他几次。 3. slide vi.&vt. (使)滑动；(使)滑行n. 滑行；幻幻灯片 拓展：slide away溜走slide off （从…）滑落slide into溜进，不知不觉染上slide out溜出slide over回避，略过 例：He slid his glass across the table. 他把玻璃杯推到桌子的另一边。 He slid out while no one was looking. 他趁着没人看见留了出去。
2020年新人教版必修三《Unit 3 Diverse Cultures》单元教案(附导学案)1
Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Listening and Speaking & Listen and Talking Teaching Aims 1. Students can know American diverse cultures, especially eating and introduce Chinese ethnic minority. 2. Students try to learn to record key information by taking notes. 3. Students can introduce a kind of special Chinese food or dish and its cooking method. 4. Students can express their interest and attention properly during the conversations. Important Points and Difficult Points 1. Students try to learn to record key information by taking notes. 2. Students can introduce a kind of special Chinese food or dish and its cooking method. 3. Students can express their interest and attention properly during the conversations. Teaching Procedures Part A Listening and Speaking—Talk about the origins of American food Step 1 Lead in—Small talk Read the sentence and then answer the question: What does it mean? The Chinese meaning: 世界之美源自人之多样性。 The diversity of its people reflects on: languages, races, religions, traditions, eating, clothes and so on, which make diversity of the world. Step 2 Before-listening Look at the photos of American food in Activity 1 and match them with their names. Then guess which countries’ cuisine influenced the food’s invention. Have the Ss share their views. Step 3 While-listening—Task 1
高中语文导学案必修三第一单元
必修3 语文学科课程纲要 第三模块（主题） 本册教科书“阅读鉴赏”部分所选的课文，有中外小说，古代诗歌，古代议论性及科普说明文。“表达交流”中的写作部分主要训练议论文的写作，口语交际专题为讨论。“梳理探究”设计的专题为：交际中的口语应用，文学作品中的个性化解读，语文学习的自我评价。“名著导读”介绍了曹雪芹的《红楼梦》和巴尔扎克的《高老头》。 一、课标要求 对于《普通高中语文课程标准》中必修课程的学习，要求学生达到以下几点要求： 1、在阅读与鉴赏活动中，不断充实精神生活，完善自我人格，提升人生境界，逐步加深对个人与国家、个人与社会、个人与自然关系的思考和认识。 2、发展独立阅读的能力。从整体上把握文本内容，理清思路，概括要点，理解文本所表达的思想、观点和感情。善于发现问题、提出问题，对文本能作出自己的分析判断，努力从不同的角度和层面进行阐发、评价和质疑。更具语境揣摩语句含义，运用所学的语文知识，帮助理解结构复杂、含义丰富的语句，体会精彩语句的表现力。 3、注重个性化的阅读，充分调动自己的生活经验和知识积累，在主动积极的思维和情感活动中，获得独特的感受和体验。学习探究性阅读和创造性阅读，发展想象能力、思辨能力和批判能力。 4、阅读浅显文言文，能借助注释和工具书，理解词句含义，读懂文章内容。了解并梳理常见的文言实词、文言虚词、文言句式的意义和用法，注重在阅读实践中举一反三。诵读古代实词和文言文，背诵一定数量的名篇。 5、在表达和交流活动中，学会多角度地观察生活，丰富生活经历和情感体验，对自然、社会和人生有自己的感受和思考。 6、书面表达要观点明确，内容充实，感情真实健康；思想清晰连贯，能围绕中心选取材料，合理安排结构。在表达实践中发展形象思维和逻辑思维，发展创造性思维。 7、进一步提高记叙、说明、描写、议论、抒情等基本表达能力，并努力学习综合运用多种表达方式。能调动自己的语言积累，推敲、锤炼语言，表达力求准确、鲜明、生动。 8、能独立修改自己的文章，结合所学语文知识，多写多改，养成切磋交流的习惯。乐于相互展示和评价写作成果。45分钟能写800字左右的文章。课外练笔不少于2万字。
高中英语人教版必修三第一单元导学案
临颍第三高级中学高一英语导学案 Unit 1 Festivals around the world Unit 1 Period 1 Words and expressions Before class(课前预习案)识记 1.beauty n._________(adj.) _______ 2. celebration n.________ (v.) __________ 3.hunter n._______ (v.) _________ 4.believe v._________ (n.) ___________ 5.arrive v._________(n.) _______ 6.independent adj._______ (n.) __________ 7.agriculture n._________(adj.) __________ 8.permission n._________(v.) ________ 9.sad adj.__________ (n.) ___________10.apologize v._________ (n.) _________ In class（课内自主探究案） 重点词汇： 1.starve vi & vt.(使)饿死;饿 1). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。 2). I’m starving; let’ s have a big dinner. 我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。 3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃 【现学现用】完成句子 ①他们宁愿饿死也不向敌人投降。 They would rather give in to the enemy. ②他们渴望获得那份工作。 They get that job. 2.gain vt.\n.获得;得到 Guests can gain free access to the swimming pool .客人们可以免费进入游泳池
【精校版】人教版高中英语必修四第3单元阅读1学案1
人教版精品英语资料（精校版） 第三单元阅读学案 姓名：班级：组号： 【学习目标】 1.To learn some useful new words and phrases; 2.To understand this paragraph and get some reading skills. 【课前预复习】 请同学们将预习中未能解决的问题和有疑惑的问题写下来，等待课堂上与教师和同学探究解决。 Ⅰ、知识达标 （1）翻译下列单词和短语 1.This famous film was (导演) by Zhang Yimou. 2.I’ve been f to have so many good teachers. 3.The project has been set up to help the (无家可归的)people. 4Tom was too brave and (克服)a lot of difficulties last month. 5.Although he failed in the examination again , he knew the success came after many______(失败). 6.We can’t go abroad this year , we’ll have to c ourselves with a holiday in Beijing. 7.We were a that she appeared at the party . 8.Zhao Benshan is an actor whose h is known to us all. 9.That book was writte n by the o writer , which you should read. 10.I just wanted to e her but it seemed that I made her cry worse. （2）翻译下列句子 1．As Victor Hugo once said, "Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face", and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. 2. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. 3. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 令人感到震惊的是，当查理会说话和走路的时候就被教唱歌和跳舞。 it在句中作_____ _____，____ ______才是真正的宾语。It本身无意义。 4. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off(现在分词短语作结果状语) 5. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. 6. As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. 7. This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.