2014考博词汇讲义5
2014年暑期博亚讲义2
命题人：黎琴●复习巩固：（默写单词和词组）●新授：一. 重要单词：1.argue vi. 辩论，争论2.impress vt. 给……留下印象3.praise n.赞扬，表扬4.born adj.天生的5.sculpture n.雕像，雕塑munity 社区，社团7.general adj.总的；普遍的8.race n.竞赛；赛跑9.challenge n.挑战10.sales department 销售部门二.重点词组：1.a born artist 一个天生的艺术家2.impress sb. with sth.=sb. be impressed by sth. 某物给某人留下印象3.win high praise from….. 赢得….的高度赞扬4.search for 搜索，寻找5.give up 放弃6.either take the lead or fall behind 要么领先，要么落后7.be ready to do sth. 准备做某事8.take on new challenges接受新的挑战9.work with numbers与数字打交道10. make me unhappy使我不高兴当堂训练：命题人：黎琴一、单选：（）1.Wu wei is a ________ artist, he ___________ on a snowy day.A. born, is bornB. born, bornC. was born, bornD. born, was born（）2.Lily often studies very hard, all her teachers ________ her ______ her work.A. praise , forB. praised, forC. praise, ofD. praise, to（）3.The policeman _______ the thief, but _______ nothing.A. searched, findB. searched; foundC. searched for, foundD. search; found（）4. That boy never________, which makes him a successful singer.A. takes awayB. gives awayC. gets upD. gives up（）5.____Lucy____ you can’t go to the party. One of you has to stay at home to look after your grandma.A. Neither; norB. Either; orC. Not only; but alsoD. both; and（）6. She didn’t work hard and soon _________ her classmates.A. take the leadB. fall behindC. fall downD. fall over（）7. Yesterday was Tom’s birthday, all his friends came to his party ,which ________him _______.A. make; excitedB. make; excitingC. made; excitedD. made; exciting （）8. Su Ning used to ______ for a sales department a small company, but now he is used to______a general manager of a big company.A. work; beB. working; beC. work; beingD. working; being（）9. He is very stubborn（固执的） and he seldom ___________ his ideas easily.A. give upB. gives upC. gets upD. takes up（）10. Wuwei is quiet and doesn’t like to talk much, but his work shouts.(解释划线部分意思)A. 大叫抱怨他的工作B.工作时他在大叫C. 他的作品家喻户晓D.工作时他会制造声音二、词汇：A、根据句意、首字母及中文提示填写单词，使句子意思完整。
考博英语词汇精讲
考博英语词汇精讲考博英语词汇精讲主讲: 马振旗加强⼤纲词汇的记忆，不同场合的搭配，深度词义的记忆，提⾼语法知识，做真题，⽆⾮就是考三点：近似词、近义词和词组词汇解题思路：1）提炼主⼲；2）搭配关系；3）句⼦结构；4）词汇辨析；5）⼀词多义1）提炼主⼲A）化繁为简，分清结构B）分析成分，确定词性C）理顺逻辑，辨析词义After his uncle died, the young man ______ the beautiful estate with which he changed from a poor man to a wealthy noble.A. inhabitedB. inheritedC. inhibitedD.interested2）搭配关系A）背词不搭配，受累⼜⽩费。
（深度记词，活学活⽤）B）全句谓语是中⼼，前思后想看动宾I _____ a lot of knowledge from my trip to Africa.A. learnB. studyC. obtainD. achieve1. Blue, yellow and red are _____ colors.A. criticalB. essentialC. primary（原⾊）D. necessary2. All All her hard work ______ in the end, and she finally passed the exam.A. showed off 显耀B. paid offC. left off离开D. kept off阻⽌3. The opportunity to explore and play and the encouragement to do so can _____ the performance of many children.A. withholdB. preventC. enhanceD. justify3）句⼦结构A）简单B）并列a) 同义b) 递进c) 反义In 1991, while（尽管） the economies of industrialized countries met an economic ______, the economies of developing countries were growing very fast.A. revival复苏B. repression压迫C. recession衰退D. recovery恢复C）复合(状语从句)a) 时间b) 地点c) 条件d) ⽐较e) 让步f) ⽅式g) 原因h) ⽬的i) 结果I don’t think you’ll change his mind; once he’s decided onsomething, he tends to ______ it.A. stick toB. give upC. comply with符合D. put off4）词汇辨析（考试主要部分）1）近义It is estimated that, currently, about 50,000 species become ______ every year.A. extinct灭绝B. instinct直接C. distinct区分D. intense剧烈2）近似（仔细⽐较词性、⽤法、搭配）We aim to ensure that all candidates are treated fairly and that they have equal ______ to employment opportunities.A. entrance进⼊B. entry进⼊C. access进⼊D. admission允许进⼊3）词组Tom placed the bank notes, _____ the change and receipt, back in the drawer.A. more than⽽不是B. but for要不是C. thanks to由于，归功于D.along with与。
考博英语词根内部辅导讲义范文
AppendixⅡ英语常见词根和词缀
一、词根
acou = hear表示“听，闻”
acoustic听觉的
acouphone助听器
acoustics音响学
acu, acr = sharp表示“辛辣”
acute敏锐的，剧烈的
acuity泼辣，剧烈
acupuncture针灸
aer, ar = air表示“空气，大气，空中”
decadence凋残
accident事故
calor= heat表示“热”
caloric热的
calorimeter热量计
caloriduct热管
cap, capt, cept, cip = take, seize, hold表示“容纳，获”
capture捕获
capacity容量
captive俘虏
concept观念
reform改革
formula公式
transform变化
conform符合
forc, fort = strong, powerful表示“强度，力”
force力
effort努力
enforce实施
frang, fring, fract,frag = break表示“破碎，屈折”
fragment断片
frangible易碎的，脆弱的
hyd, hydr = water表示“水”
hydrolysis水解作用
hydrogen氢
hydrospace海洋世界
ign = fire表示“火”
igneous火的
ignite点火
preignition（内燃机的）提前点火，自动点火
ject, jet = throw表示“投掷，抛射”
2014刘博强基础班词汇讲义.
专题1词汇的呼唤1.audaudio ['?:di?u][a.]1.[用于构成合成词]听觉的；声音的2•录音的，音频的，声频的[v.] 1.旁听（大学课程）2. 查......的账目，审计[n.] 1. an official（usu. yearly） exam in ati on of bus in ess and acco unt（政府通常一年一度的）审计,查账[词汇派生]1. auditor n.旁听者；查账员，审计员[n.] 1.观众，听众，读者[近spectator]2.会见，正事拜会[+with sb]2.bat表示拍打bat [b? t][n.] 1.蝙蝠2.（板球、棒球、乒乓球等的）球板、球棒或球拍[比较racket羽毛球、网球等的球拍，有椭圆形的架子，在上面穿线][v.] 3. to hit the ball with a bat in crickets or a baseball （用球板、球棒、球拍等）击球battery ['b? t?ri][n.] 1.殴打（罪）[近beat in g]2.（军舰上的）炮组，排炮，炮兵连3.电池，电池组，电瓶4.[+of sth] a large nu mber of things or people of the same type 一系列，一群，一套，一组[真题例句]1. doing something as simple as keeping a spare battery in its original retail packaging （2007 Los Angeles Times ）[n.] 1.战斗，战役；搏斗2.较量，争论，争夺 [+over sth, +with sb, +for sth] 3. （应对困难的）奋斗，抗争 [+against/for sth][v.]奋斗，搏斗，斗争[近 struggle, contend （for ）, combat][真题例句]1. Certai nly their descripti ons of battles are con fused. （2000 阅读 Text 3）combat ['k ?mb? t, k ?m'b? t][n.]（两人、两军等的）格斗，搏斗，战斗[v.]与......搏斗，战斗与......斗争，打击，遏制[近 battle, struggle, fight]debate [di'beit][n.]辩论；讨论，争论[v.]（尤指正式）讨论，辩论 [+sth/whether/what/how]仔细考虑，斟酌[+with on eself, +doi ng sth, =whether/what/how]3. pel 拍打 变体为pet, puls[v.]强迫，迫使[ri'pel][v.]使厌恶，使反感，击退，打退[v.]开除，除名compel[k?m'pel]repel expel[ik'spel]pulse [p?ls][n.]1.[常用单数]脉搏；脉率；（机器产生的光、声音、电的）脉冲；强劲的音乐节拍[v.]搏动，跳动，震动洋溢着，充满（激情等）compulsio n [k?m'p?l??n][n.]逼迫;强制冲动compulsive [k?m'p ?lsiv][a.]1难以制止的；难控制的2•无法控制的行为；禁不住的3.引人入胜的compulsory [k ?m'p ?ls?ri][a.]（因法律或规则而）必须做的，强制的，强迫的impulse ['imp ?ls][词汇巧记][n.]冲动，心血来潮，一时的念头动力，冲力，冲量推动力，刺激[词汇派生]1.impulsive [a.]易冲动的，凭冲动做事的2.impulsively [ad.]冲动地repulse [ri'p ?ls][v.]使厌恶；使反感击退；打垮，驱逐拒绝接受，回绝cast [k a :s, k?st][v.] 1.抛，扔，丢2.投射（光、影子等）3.向……投以（视线、笑容等）4.浇铸，铸造（某物）；使……以某种形式呈现[+sth （in sth）]5.挑选演员扮演（影剧等中的）角色；为……挑选演员6.评价某人为，描述某人为[+sb as/in the role of sth][n.] 1.扔；投；掷；抛2.模子，铸模；铸件，塑件[近mould]3.[跟单数或复数动词]（戏剧、电影等的）全体演员，演员阵容4 [用单数]外观，特征，特性，类型[词汇派生]1. casing [n.]铸造物，角色分配forecast ['f?:k a :st][v.] [ n.]预测，预报[+sth, +that, +wh-]catastrophe [k?'t? str ?fi]In. |灾难，灾祸，大祸，横祸不幸事件，灾难变体1 : cascase [keis][n.] 1.具体情况，实例2.（尤指警方）调查的案件；（法庭受理的）诉讼案[近suit]3.（在法庭、讨论等中支持一方的）论据，事实，理由4.病例，案例；病人，伤员5.（需特别对待或注意的）人6•容器，箱，盒，套[近box, suitcase]7.（词的变化形式，在句中表示与其他词的关系）格casual ['k? ?ju?l][a.]1•偶然的，碰巧的2.漫无目的的，不经意的，漫不经心的3.感情不深的，疏远的4.（衣物）随便的，非正式的5.（工作）临时的，不定期的casualty ['k? ?ju ?lti][n.] 1.（事故或战斗中的）伤亡人员；（某特定事件或情况造成的）受害者2.急救室，急诊室[真题例句]1.For a while it looked as though the making of semic on ductors... was going to be the next casualty（2000 阅读Text 1）occasion [?'kei ??n, ?u-][n.] 1.（某件事情发生的）时刻，时候；某次2.重要的社交活动，仪式，庆典3.合适的机会，时机4. a cause or reason 理由，原因[v.] 1.使发生，造成，导致变体2：cid/cis表示落下引申为表示切下[n.] 1.意外，偶然的事2 （交通）事故意外遭遇，不测事件[短语搭配]1.by accident: in a way that is not planned or organized 偶然，意外地[词汇派生]accidental [a.]偶然的，意外的[近deliberate]incident ['insid ?nt][n.] 1.（尤指不平常的、严重的或暴力的）事件2.（两国间的）摩擦，冲突；（常指）军事冲突[词汇扩充]1. i ncide nee n.（疾病、罪行等坏事的）发生率incidental [,insi'dent ?l][a.] 1.非有意的；附带发生的，次要的2.伴随而来的，不可避免的[n.] 3•附带的次要事情[v.]尤指因巧合）同时发生+（with）]2.（想法、观点等）一致或相似3.相接，相交，重叠incident ['insid ?nt][n.]1.事情，发生的事（常指小事）2.敌对行动，军事冲突3.骚乱；事故；暴力事件[词汇派生]1. incidenee [n.] 1.事情发生或具有影响的程度；发生率；影响范围;表面的照射；入射homicide ['h ?misaid]（畜意）杀人（罪）2.光线向物体suicide ['sjuisaid]自杀concise [k ?n'sais][a.] 1.简明的，简练的，简洁的2.简略的，简缩的，简明的[a.] 1.精确的，准确的2.明确的3.清晰的；确定的5. mod 表示模式，模板mode [m?ud][n.]1.方式；风格；样式2.（设备的）模式，工作状态3.（情感或行为的）状态，状况4.（衣着，艺术等的）形式，风格modify ['m ?difai][v.]1.调整，稍作修改；使更适合2.缓和，使温和）model ['m ?d?l][n] 1.（依照实物按比例制成）模型2.样式；设计；模式3.样本；范例4.典范；模范[vt.] 1.做模型2.以…作模范[a.]模型的；值得效仿的moderate ['m?d?r?t, 'm ?d?reit][a.] 1.温和的，不偏激的2.适中的，合理的3.适度的，中等的[v.]缓和，使适中[a.] 1些许的，不太大（或太贵、太重要等）的2.谦虚的3.（人，尤指妇女或其衣着）庄重的，朴素的accommodate [?'k?m ?deit][v.] 1.为保人）提供住宿（或膳宿、座位等）2.容纳，提供空间3.考虑到，顾及4.帮忙，为……提供方便5.顺应适应（新情况）[词汇派生]1.accommodating [a.]乐于助人的，与人方便的2.accommodation [n.]住处；和解，调解commodity [k ?'m ?diti] [n.] 1.（尤指国家间贸易的）商品，货物2.有用的东西专题2.千变万化1.astro 表示星星[n.]太空人，太空旅行者astronomer [?'str ?n?m?]天文学家astrology [?'str ?l?d?i]占星术，占星学2.表示前进，成长aggressive [?'gresiv][a.] 1.2. 侵略性的，好攻击的，攻击性的进取的con gress ['k??gres][n.] 1•代表大会2.立法机关3.care 表示关心accurate ['? kjurit][a.]1.free from error 正确无误的2.c areful and exact精确的；准确的accuracy ['? kjur ?si][n.]准确；准确度；准确（性）curiosity [,kjuri' ?siti] [n.] 1.好奇心；爱打听的癖性2.稀奇或罕见的事物或人；奇物4. crit表示交叉，引申为判断；重要 criterion [krai'ti ?ri? n][n.]（评判的）标准，尺度critical['kritik ?l] [a.] 1•批评的，评论的 2.危急，紧要的 3. 严重的[词汇派生]1. critic [n.]批评家，评论家，吹毛求疵者2. criticize [v.]批评，责备3. criticism ①.批评行力 ② 评价（ritic 判断，分辨+ ism 名词后缀批评） crisis['kraisis] [n.]危机；（疾病、生命、历史等的）决定性时刻[真题例句] 1. All of this caused a crisis of con fide nee. （ 2000 Passage 15. fect/fact/fac/ficeffect [i'fekt] [n.] 1结果；效果；影响2. 印象；主旨[vt.]招致；实现；达到[a.] 1.产生预期效果的，有效的2. 实际的；事实上的[i'fi ??nt]表示做efficie nt[a.]效率高的；有能力的[词汇派生]1.efficiency [n.]效率2.inefficient [a.]①无效的，无能的；②不称职的effort ['ef ?t][n.]1.气力；努力；费力的事2艰难的尝试；试图；尽力defect [di'fekt][n.] 1. a fault in sth or in the way it has bee n made which means that it is not perfect 缺点; 缺陷；毛病[v.] [from sth to sth] to leave a political party, coun try, etc. to join ano ther that is con sidered to be an en emy背叛；叛变；投敌[词汇派生]1.defective [a.] having a defect; faulty 有缺点的；不完善的[n.] o ne that is physically or men tally deficie nt 有缺陷的人，身心不健全的人defeat [di'fi:t][v.] 1.战胜（某人）；击败2.使（某人）困惑；难住3.使不能实现；阻挠；挫败[链接]1.defeat [n.]击败；失败；2.defeatism [n.]失败主义；3.defeatist [n.]失败主义者[a.]足够的；充足的[词汇派生]sufficie ntly [ad.]足够地，充分地superficial [sju:p ?'fi ??l][a.] 1.粗略的，粗浅的，粗枝大叶的，浅薄的2•表面的；外面的；外表的3.（伤口或损坏）表层的；表皮的4•浅薄的；肤浅的cog nitive ['k ?gn itiv] [a.]认知的，认识能力的ignore [ig'n ?:] [v.]不理，不顾，忽视[真题例句] 同意联想neglectoverlook ignorant ['ign ?r?nt][a.] 1. lacking education or information; unaware 无知的；愚昧的；2.rude through lack of knowledge about good manners 不识礼的；粗野的；没有礼貌的[词汇派生]ignorance n.无知，愚昧；不知道[vi.] 1.认出2.认知，看出3.承认，认可4.准许发言[链接]1.recog nition [n.]认出，辨认;承认habit ['h? bit][n.] 1.习惯；惯常的行为[常用及派生]1.habit-forming [a.]成为习惯的；上瘾的2.habitual [a.]习惯的，惯常的3.habita nt [n.]居住者[v.] 1. display 表现;展现2.dem on strate 证明3.to prese nt or in troduce officially 申述[n.] 1.展览，陈列2.展览物3.公开展示，展览会[派生]1.exhibition [n.] 1.展览；2.展览品（ex出+ hibit拿住+ ion名词后缀宀展览）2.in habit [vt.]居住，存在，栖息于3.inhabitant [n.]居民4.prohibit [v.]（尤指以法令）禁止[n.] 1.（尤指高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力2.智力高的人；才智超群的人[a.] 1. of or relating to the intellect 智力的，知识的2.rational rather than emotional 理性的[n.] an intellectual person 知识分子intelligent [in'telid ??nt][a.]1.有才智的，悟性强的，聪明的2.有智力的，有理解和学习能力的[词汇派生]1.intelligenee [a.]①才智，智力②（尤指敌对国家的）情报，信息，情报人员intelligenee [in'telid ??ns][n.] 1.才智2.信息[链接]1. intelligent [a.]聪明的，明智的，理智的in teract ['i nt ?r? kt][v.] 1.相互作用；相互影响；2.act together or co-operatively （指人）一起活动或互相合作[词汇派生]1.interactive [a.]①一起活动或互相合作的②交互式的2.in tercourse 交流，交往，交际3.i nteracti on 相互作用[v.] 1.干涉，干预2•妨碍，打扰 [真题例句][n.] 1.内部，里面2.内地，腹地，内陆 3. 内政，（国家的）内务internal [in't ?:n?l][a.] 1.内部的，在内部的2. 内心的，精神的3. domestic 国内的，内政的4. 本身的[词汇派生]1. internalize (-ise) [v.]使…内在化；2. internalization(-isation) [n.]内在化;3. i nternally [ad.]在内，在中心[a.]国际的；国际间进行的； n.国际比赛；国际比赛选手[链接]1. i nternatio nalize,-ise [v.]将（某事物）置于国际共管之下；使国际化2. internationally国际的； 3. internet [n.]国际互联网，因特网com muni cate[k?'mju: nikeit][v.] l.传播 2. 交流，交换消息等[词汇派生]communication [n.]通讯传达[pl.]通讯系统，交通工具community [n.] 1.社区，团体,集体社会 2.有共同利益的集体3享有洪同，相同mun icipal [mju:' nisip ?l][a.]市的；市政的mun icipality [mju:, nisi'p? l?ti] [n.] 1.自治市2.市政当局limit ['limit][n.] 1.限度；极限2.限量[链接]limitless [a.]无限制的；无限度的；无界限的；无止境的；limited 有限的，被限制的[n.] 1.受限制的状态2.缺点或弱点elimi nate [i'limi neit][vt.]除去；淘汰；排（删，消）除；消减（人员）[真题例句]norm [n ?:m] [n.]常态，正常行为；规范，行为标准no rmal ['n?:m?l][a.]典型的， 同意联想：正常的，一般的ordinary ['?:din ?ri, -neri-][a.] 1.平常的；正常的；通常的；普通的2. in the ordinary way 就通常情况而言 regular ['re g jul?][a.] 1.有规律的;定期的；定时的2. 合乎原则的；正当的；适合的3•均匀的；对称的；匀称的4. 正常的；经常的regulate ['re g juleit][vi.] 1.管制，控制2.调节，校准；调整[链接]regulation [n.]规则,规章;调节，校准;调整 [a.]反常的,不正常的abnormal phnomenon [a.] very large; immense 巨大的； 极大的[链接]en ormously [ad.]在极大程度上 同意联想：表示巨大abundant 丰富的，大量的 adequate 足够的，刚刚够 imme nse [i'me ns][a.] 1.广大的，巨大的2.极好的complex ['k ?mpleks][a.]复杂的，合成的，综合的[链接[complexity [n.]复杂perplex [p?'pleks][v.]使困惑，使费解，使复杂化complicate ['k ?mplikeit][v.]弄复杂[v.]使…复杂,使…难懂,使疾病等恶化implicit [im'plisit][a.] 1.含蓄的2.固有的;3.无疑问的imply [im'plai][v.]意指，含…意思，暗示[n.]n姿势，姿态[v.] 1. cause 造成2.to put forward; present 提出3.to place in a specific positi on 摆姿势compose [k ?m'p ?uz][v.] 1.to make up the constituent parts of 组成，构成2.to make on eself calm or tranq uil 使平静3.to settle or adjust 使达成和解impose [im'p ?uz][v.] 1. levy 征（税）2.to obtrude or force on another or others 把…强加给3.pass off 诈骗expose [ik'sp ?uz][vt.] 1.使受影响2.使曝光3.揭发4.使面临[习惯用语]expose…to使…受到，使…朝向；使…接触…opposite [' ?p ?zit, -sit][a.]正相反的[n.]对立物，相对者[ad.] in an opposite position 在对面地[prep.] across from or facing 在…对面[n.] 1.目的；意图2.意志；毅力；决心3.并非偶然地；故意地[vi.] intend 有意；打算[链接]1. purposeful [a.]有决心的；有毅力的；坚定的；果断的2.purposeless [a.]毫无目的的；缺乏毅力的；没有决心的3.purposelessly [ad.]故意地；蓄意地[习惯用语]1. on purpose故意地；有意地2.to good purpose有益地，有成效地3.to little purpose或to no purpose几乎徒劳地，少有成效地precious ['pre ??s][a.] 1. of great value 贵重的;宝贵的2.珍贵的；受到珍爱的3.considerable 可观的4.dear亲爱的appreciate [?'pri: ?ieit][v.] 1.理解并欣赏（某事物），赏识，高度评价You can 'fully appreciate foreign literature in tran slati on.2.体恤，体念，体谅I appreciate that you may have prior commitments.p84 scribe来自scramble爬，攀登，争抢，争夺(for)scribe/ script 表示书写describe [di'skraib][v.] to say what sb/sth is like 描述，形容，把…称为prescribe [pris'kraib][v.] 1.给…开药；让…采用(疗法)；开处方2.规定，命令，指示[vt.] 1.捐赠2.签署[vi.] 1.订阅，订购2.认捐3侗意4.签名，签字[链接]subscriber [n.]捐助者，捐款人站立assist [?'sist][v.]帮助assistant [?'sist ?nt][n.]助理"商务通”PDA = portable digital assistant便携式的数字的助理。
2014考博词汇讲义3
大胆地做
大胆地做
interact react reactor reactionary reactivate counteract compact
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fract
Fracture
fraction
refractory fragile fragment fragrance n.芬芳;香味;香气
4. The market for non-food GE, products could exceed the market for GE food products by a wide ________ within the next few years.
A. variety B. margin C. range D. spectrum
sunken Egyptian ferry.
A. bubble 冒泡 B. dwindle 减少 C. sway 摇摆 D. shiver 发抖
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3. The only way he escaped from the bitter reality was to lose himself in a movie, allowing his imagination to ________ , viewing himself as a character in it. A. take up B. take on C. take off D. take over
12. He writes in a very ________ manner; there‘re many mistakes almost every page.
A. illegible 字迹模糊的 B. illiterate C. irregular D. irreversible 不能改变的
考博英语高频词汇解析xw
考博英语高频词汇解析01competition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] n.n. 竞争；角逐；比赛；竞赛；竞争者；对手一、常用搭配competition (between/with sb)/ (for sth) 竞争；角逐the competition竞争者；对手二、例句There is now intense competition between schools to attract students.现在学校之间为了招揽生源展开了激烈竞争。
We are in competition with four other companies for the contract.我们在与其他四家公司竞争这项合同。
We’ll be able to assess the competition at the conference.我们可以在会上对竞争对手进行估量。
三、拓展同：game, match, tournament02competitive [kəmˈpetətɪv] adj.adj. 竞争的；（与……）一样好的；（比……）更好的；有竞争力的；努力竞争的；一心求胜的一、构词compete 比赛；竞争+ itive 有……倾向（性质）的→比赛的；竞争的二、常用搭配competitive games/sports 竞技性的比赛/体育运动competitive with sb/sth（与……）一样好的；（比……）更好的；有竞争力的三、例句Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取找到工作。
We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.我们必须更加努力工作以保持对其他公司具有竞争力。
You have to be highly competitive to do well in sport these days.如今你必须有强烈的竞争意识才能在体育运动中取得好成绩。
考博英语常见词汇
考博英语常见词汇考博英语常见词汇 保守估计，考博英语需要掌握7000~8000单词，900常⽤动词短语。
下⾯是⼩编整理的考博英语词汇，希望能帮到⼤家! uneasy a.⼼神不安的，忧虑的 a.不安的;拘束的 unemployment n.失业;失业⼈数 unfit a.不合适的;⽆能⼒的 unfold vt.展开;打开 uniformly ad.相同地;⼀贯 unique a.独特的 universally ad.普遍地，⼀般地 unlimited a.⽆限的;不定的 velocity n.速度，迅速 velvet n.丝绒，天鹅绒 a.丝绒制的;柔软的 vengeance n.报仇，报复 ventilate vt.使空⽓流通,使通风,宣布,公开 Venus n.维纳斯;美⼈;⾊情 verge v.濒临;n. 边缘 versatile adj.多才多艺的,万⽤的,万向的 version n.改编形式，改写本;译本 versus prep.(⽐赛等中)对 abroad adv. ①到国外,在国外,海外②户外,在外③⼴泛地,到处,遍布 abundant a. ①⼤量的,充⾜的②(in)丰富的,富裕的 abuse n./vt. ①滥⽤,妄⽤②虐待,伤害③辱骂,毁谤 abusive a. ①滥⽤的,虐待的②谩骂的,侮辱的 academic a. ①学校的,学院的②学术的③纯理论的,不切实际的 n. ⼤学教师 accompany vt. 陪伴,为…伴奏 account n. ①记述,描述,报告②账,账户③解释,说明 vi. (for)①说明…的原因②(在数量、⽐例上)占… accounting n. 会计学 accumulate vt. 堆积,积累,积聚 vi. 累积,聚集 accuse vt. 指控,控告,谴责 acquire vt. ①取得,获得②学到 act n. ①⾏为,⾏动,动作②法令,条例③(戏剧的)(⼀)幕 admit vt. ①承认,供认②接纳,准许…进⼊(加⼊) vi. 承认 adoptive a. ①收养关系的,过继的②采⽤的,采纳的 adult n. 成年⼈(或动物) a. ①成年⼈的,适宜于成年⼈的②成年的,成熟的 adv. ①向后②回原处,回原状③回,还④以前 vt. ①使后退②⽀持 vi. 后退,倒退 advancement n. ①前进,进步②推进,增进,促进 adventure n. ①奇遇,异乎寻常的经历②冒险,冒险活动 advocate vt. 拥护，提倡，主张 n. 拥护者，提倡者，辩护者 age n. ①年龄②⽼年③时代,时期④[常pl.]很长的⼀段时间 v. ①(使)变⽼,(使)变陈旧②(使)成熟 aging n. ①⽼化②成熟的过程③时效 alter v. 改变,改动,变更 analyse / analyze vt. ①分解,分析,解析②细察,细查 analysis n. 分析,分析报告 annoy vt. ①使烦恼,使⽣⽓②骚扰,打扰 anxiety n. ①忧虑,焦急,焦虑②渴望,热望 appointment n. ①约会,约定②指定,委任③职位,职务 appreciation n. ①感谢,感激②评价③欣赏,赏识④(价格)上涨,增值 unlock vt.开…的锁;开启 unpaid a.未付的;不⽀薪⽔的 unreasonable a.不讲道理的;过度的 untie vt.解开，松开;解放 uphold vt.⽀撑,赞成,坚持,举起,⿎励 value n.价值;价格 vt.尊重，重视，评价 valve n.活门，阀门 vault n.窖,地下室,撑竿跳,圆顶 vector n.传病媒介 veil vt.揭开 vein n.静脉，⾎管，矿脉 appropriate a. 适当的,恰如其分的 vt. ①私占,侵吞,挪⽤②拨出(款项等)供专⽤ approve vt. ①赞成,同意②批准,核准,对…表⽰认可 vi. (常与of连⽤)赞成,同意 arms n. pl. ①武器,兵器②兵种 artistic a. 艺术的 assemble vt. ①召集,使集合,使聚集②装配 vi. 集合,聚集 asset n. ①有价值的⼈(或物),优点,长处②[常pl.]资产,财产 assignment n. ①(分派的)任务,(指定的)作业②分配,指派 association n. ①协会,联盟,社团②联合,结合,交往③联想 assume vt. ①假定,假设,设想②承担,担任,就职③呈现,具有,采取 attach vt. ①系,贴,连接②使依恋,使喜爱③认为有(重要性、责任等)④使附属 attend vt. ①出席,参加(会议等),上(学等)②照料,看管,关⼼ vi. 专⼼于,致⼒于(to) automated a. ⾃动化的 automatic a. ①⾃动的②⽆意识的 n. ⾃动机械 automobile n. 汽车 available a. ①可⽤的,可得到的②有⽤的,有效的③可接受探访的 award n. 奖,奖品,奖⾦ vt. ①授予,给予②判给,裁定 back n. ①背,背部②后⾯,反⾯③后卫 a. ①后⾯的,背后的②向后的,反向的 ban n. 禁⽌,禁令 vt. 禁⽌,查禁,取缔 battle n. ①战役,战⽃②⽃争,决⽃ vi. 作战,⽃争 bind vt. ①捆,绑②使结合,使粘合③使受(法规或诺⾔的)约束④装订 uproar n.喧嚣,骚动 uranium n.铀 urge vi.强烈要求 usage n.使⽤, ⽤法 utensil n.⼯具，(厨房)⽤具 utilization n.利⽤，效⽤ vaccinate vt.vi.预防接种 validity n.有效;效⼒ valuable a.值钱的;有价值的 n.贵重物品，财宝 boast vi. (of, about)⾃夸,夸耀 vt. ①夸⼝,吹嘘②以拥有…⽽⾃豪 n. ⾃吹⾃擂,⾃夸的话 boom n. ①激增,繁荣,迅速发展②隆隆声,嗡嗡声 vi. ①激增,繁荣,迅速发展②发出隆隆声 boost vt. ①提⾼,使增长②推动,激励③替…做⼴告,宣传 n. ①提⾼,增长②推动,激励 branch n. ①树枝,分枝②(机构的)分部③(学科的)分科,分⽀④⽀流,⽀线 vi. 分⽀,分出来,出现分歧 breed n. 品种,种类 vt. ①饲养,繁殖②抚养,培育③酿成,产⽣,造就 vi. 繁殖,产仔 budget n. 预算,预算拨款 vi. (for)编预算,做安排 vt. 规划,安排 a. 低廉的,收费公道的 calculate vt. ①计算,核算②推算,推测③计划,打算,蓄意④[美]以为,认为 vi. 指望,期待(on, upon) campaign n. 战役,(政治或商业性)活动,运动 vi. 参加活动,从事活动,作战 cancel vt. ①取消,废除②抵消,对消③删去,划掉 candidate n. ①申请求职者②投考者③候选⼈ capture vt. ①俘获,捕获②占领,夺得 n. ①俘获,捕获,夺得②俘虏,战利品。
博士入学考试通用考博英语词汇精讲
考博英语—词汇精讲I am a slow walker, but I never walk backwards.单词的构建Ipneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis189819 个派生oriental转换father 例：Einstein fathered the relativity.合成moonlighting发明helicopter mom拼缀motel=motor + hotel 取首字母缩写WC=water + closet截短缩略词ad=advertisement外借舶来词Shangri-Laaptadaptadapt oneself toadapt foradapt fromoptoptionoptionalopticaloptimisticActions speak louder than wordssayingdictaddictcontradictpredictunpredictablestudy &learn acquireacquisitionrequireinquireLive and learn.Discovery coveruncoverrecoverprotectdetectdetective从v olvo 看人生involveevolveevolutionrevolvemissionadmitpermitcommitcommitteeemittransmitsubmitomit别把自己“隔离”起来isolateinsulateinsularinsulin多接触美好的世界touch tangtangibleintangiblecontagioustegintegralintegritycontactintacttacttactics做个优秀的人eminentprominentimminent不要总是沉在水下mergesubmergeemergeemergentemergency做有价值的事worth adj.& n.值得，应该,sb./sth. be worth ...The book is worth 200 yuan.be worth doingThis book is worth reading.worthy adj.& n.有价值的,值得...的, be worthy of +n.She is worthy of our praise.be worthy of being doneThe film is worthy of being watched.be worthy to be doneThe film is worthy to be watched.worthwhile adj.值得做的..值得出力的be worthwhile doing/be worthwhile to do It is worthwhile reading more books=It is worthwhile to read more books.1. In a materialistic and monetary pursuit. society people’s interest seems to be focused solely onA. adaptiveB. addictiveC. acquisitiveD. arrogant2. Even if I won a million-dollar lottery, I would continue to live .A. subtlyB. frugallyC. explicitlyD. cautiously3. Doctors must inform parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments.A. protectiveB. respectiveC. prospectiveD. perspective4. Moshe katzma, 24, denied any with the beating given to the homeless man, who was found outside a National Headquarters office.A. involvementB. admissionC. isolationD. access5. There are an estimated eight million people currently thought to be eligibleto income tax.A. reclaimB. recoverC. restoreD. return6. As the sky lightened even more, they began to their surroundings more clearly.A. fall outB. fall intoC. make upD. make out7. China's cultural heritage should be better protected through efforts to preserve endangered art.A. inalienableB. intangibleC. intelligibleD. indivisible8. The matter is settled; we may look upon it as being settled.A. as long asB. for goodC. for sureD. as good as9. An announcement of further cuts in government expenditure is .A. imminentB. eminentC. illiterateD. emergent10. The in our soaps should come only from essential oils. Which are steamed or pressed from plants.A. scentsB. scenariosC. scenesD. scales11. A of this approach is that the variables are visually presented in a style that can be understood by generalists and specialists alikeA. valueB. meritC. factorD. worth12. Desperation, hunger, thirst, and resentment all make it likely that people will a more powerful figure who promises them help and or salvation.A. be prone toB. give inC. live up toD. put an end to13. The sentence given to the criminal was much too ; murder should carry themaximum penalty.A. negligentB. solitaryC. lenientD. tedious14. Though it was less attractive, Ralph knew the metal box would be more than the wooden box.A. terminalB. durableC. persistentD. bearable15. In china, although people in many regions earn much less than those in prosperous regions, they also pay much less for commodities, such as housing.A. disposableB. redundantC. equivalentD. interchangeable16. This leads record companies to treat musicians as contracted artists who are not paid a fixed sum for their labor-time, but instead receive royalties in to their success.A. additionB. relationC. percentageD. proportion17. Terrorists will go to any length to their evil ends, and pay no attention to the basic living rights of other peace-loving peopleA. reachB. gainC. achieveD. succeed18. Australia continued the fight to end Japan's annual whale hunts, warning that its plan to kill humpback whales in Antarctica could outrageA. sparkB. leadC. resultD. involve19. At the moment every culture in Britain has a similar philosophy as far as size ; if you want to look good and be desirable, you've got to be thin.A. showsB. statesC. saysD. goes20. Women who entered voluntary work during the inter-war years did so largely because it provided then with _from household routineA. distortionB. diversionC. dissipateD. discountrespectadmirationrespectable respectfulrespectivein respect ofwith respect to irrespectiveadj.不考虑的,不顾的spectspectacle spectacularspectatorspectrumspeculateaspectperspectivesuspectinspect看多了就会印象深刻impressionpresspressureexpressdepresssuppresscompress condensed milk从“依云”到“天真”eviannaivefinfinerefinefinalsemi-finalconfinerestrictconfinedefinedefinitiondefinitive因为“无知”，所以恐惧worriedanxiousnervousupsetelevatoralleviaterelievehumanitarian relief一直“走”下去precede unprecedented concede“走”recedesucceedcessaccessexcessexcessive package gressprogressin progress regressioncongressaggressaggressivevadeevadeclaimclaimsacclaimexclaimproclaimreclaim位置positioncomposedecomposition放proposedisposedisposabledepositimposeimpose onopposeoppositeexpose“活”出个样来microbiologyantibioticsvivesurvivereviveanimalanimateanimationexanimateunanimous1. Let's give a big to tonight's prize-winner.A. respectB. shoutC. praiseD. hand2. It was a depressed and divided country, accustomed to failure and of Change.A. definiteB. curiousC. suspiciousD. anxious3. The secret of the success of Wal- mart in the retailing industry lies inits single-minded and skillful pantsuit of the lowest prices.A. unalleviatedB. uncombedC. unprecedentedD. unaccompanied4. Those who got angry and crazy set fire to ears and shops in the Paris suburb ofClichy-sous-Bois, then the problems .A. evolvedB. evaporatedC. escalatedD. exalted5. The supervisor, his explanation when his fault was pointed out by some talented young students.A. stumbled overB. got overC. dashed toD. gave out6. It is evident that no one, no matter how much they is immunity from the effect of advertising.A. refuseB. reflectC. proclaimD. protest7. "It's probably just stress. " How many times have you uttered those words to yourselfto a headache, pain or illness?A. dismissB. disposeC. dispelD. disrupt8. Schools and colleges have no right to use our public money to promote conduct thatis to the religious and moral values of parents and taxpayers.A. conduciveB. comparableC. pointingD. offensive9. The old farmer his wife, living until 105 years of age.A. beatB. survivedC. lastedD. endured10. He didn't know anything about business, so starting his own was .A. a climb to powerB. a leap in the darkC. a run on the bankD. a step backwards11. Public attitudes toward business regulations are deeply : most people resent intensive government rules, yet they expect government to prevent business from defrauding, exploiting the public.A. hostileB. emotionalC. ambiguousD. cynical12. Ever since the TV show came off the air, there has been that a movie might be made of the show. Finally in autumn 2007, news broke that filming had started.A. specificationB. suspicionC. simulationD. speculation13. A quick wit and a warm smile were the salesman's stock .A. in tradeB. in reserveC. in effectD. in business14. Innovative product platforms like the portable transistor radio and thewalkman the digital lifestyle era.A. set the Stage forB. shed light onC. made sense ofD. gave a hand to15. Successful imitation, far from being symptomatic of a lack of , as the first step in learning to be creative.A. resolutionB. eleganceC. aspirationD. originality16. Our parents love us because we are their children, and this is an fact. so that we feel safer with them than with anyone else.A. unambiguousB. uncontrollableC. unalterableD. unintentional17. As a journalist Hemingway trained himself in of expression. His deliberate avoidance of very attractive adjectives is some of the traces of his early journalistic practices.A. economyB. eleganceC. depthD. neatness18. It is the vast number of irresponsible dog owners which has roused public and demands for tighter controls.A. obsessionB. apprehensionC. exclamationD. indignation19. Talking to children about the death of others is a subject that adults away from very strongly.A. shyB. stayC. slipD. skip20. That's all right, it is better to the feeling than to let it build up.A. displaceB. disarmC. dischargeD. dispatchstimulatestimulationstimulant n. 兴奋剂;刺激物stimulus n. 刺激;刺激物;促进因素simulatesimultaneousSI simultaneous interpretation活得多姿多彩varyvarietya variety ofwidely-varyingvariousinvariably构建出人生美好框架skeletonsketchskepticskepticalbe skeptical of sth.suspicious明白自己的首要任务at firstat the beginning ofprime n.全盛时期prime timeprime ministerprimaryprimitive大胆地做act actionactivityhyperactivityoveractivityactiveradioactive bioactiveactorcharacterbe characterized byexactpracticepracticalin practice 实际上out of practice 生疏的put into practice 实行interactreactreactorreactionaryreactivatecounteractcompacttracttractorabstractsubtractretractprotractdistractextractfractFracturefractionrefractoryfragilefragmentfragrance n.芬芳;香味;香气factas a matter of factfactorfactionmanufacture dissatisfaction benefactormalefactionfacilefacilitatefacilityfacsimileaffectaffectionperfectdefecteffecteffectiveinfectsacrificeefficacyefficientproficientproficiencysufficientfictionprofitartificialsuperficialfeaturedefeatfeasiblefigureoperateinoperablecooperate1. Drink coffee when you're sleepy; it's a good and will help to keep you awake.A. incentiveB. promptC. stimulusD. appetite2. Neatly 1000 people are presumed dead as chances of finding more survivors from the sunken Egyptian ferry.A. bubbleB. dwindleC. swayD. shiver3. The only way he escaped from the bitter reality was to lose himself in a movie, allowing his imagination to , viewing himself as a character in it.A. take upB. take onC. take offD. take over4. The market for non-food GE, products could exceed the market for GE food products by a widewithin the next few years.A. varietyB. marginC. rangeD. spectrum5. Newspapers and magazines carry extensive of diet and health topics and diet books are among the best sellers.A. sketchB. concernC. coverageD. involvement6. That war robbed him of the of his career, when he was the best player in the world.A. prejudiceB. preferenceC. privilegeD. prime7. All sorts of technology have to make the new medical systems applied in rural areas efficient and effective.A. come into playB. come into conflictC. taken actionD. taken place8. If a guest wants to tip the housekeeping staff, it's best to leave a little something inan envelope each night instead of a larger amount checkout.A. due toB. owing toC. prior toD. as to9. The lawyer his ideas loudly and clearly at the court, which surprised her a great deal.A. acclaimedB. admonishedC. addressedD. asserted10. The world leaders need to take fiction on the energy crisis that is before our eyes.A. taking shapeB. taking effectC. taking apartD. taking over11. Steve Ells has never advice he couldn't ignore, conventional wisdom he couldn't disregard, a rule he couldn't break.A. come acrossB. come up toC. come up againstD. come around12. He writes in a very manner there're many mistakes almost every page.A. illegibleB. illiterateC. irregularD. irreversible13. She could have cried, but she had no time to dwell her disappointment, for suddenly a harsh voice hailed her from below.A. onB. atC. inD. for14. inflation, driven by rising food and oil costs, is striking hardest at theworld's poorest, who are forced to spend 60 to 80 percent of their income on food.A. SproutingB. SurgingC. SpillingD. Spinning15. She makes no of their affair in public and he understands that he is not to refer to it with these new acquaintances.A. concealmentB. complimentC. amendmentD. acknowledgement16. Mark's posture and attitude boredom when the teacher was giving his instructions.A. transmittedB. deliveredC. endowedD. implied17. John occasionally a great deal of pleasure from taking long trips by himself.A. deviatedB. arousedC. absorbedD. derived18. Wealthy nations have fallen far behind on their aid to the world's poor.A. commitmentsB. engagementsC. responsibilitiesD. applications19. Even at 87, John's mother-in-law has her physical energy and youthful attitude.A. resolvedB. retainedC. retardedD. restrained20. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, _its always being combinedwith elements, most commonly with oxygen.A. referring toB. except forC. regardless ofD. owing to继承heir n. 继承人heritageinherithereditary adj. 世袭的, 遗传的adherecoherecoherentcohesion 凝聚力inherenthesitate学会抗打击hit 有目标地打；袭击He hit him on the face．他打了他的脸。
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继承heir n. 继承人heritageinherithereditaryadj. 世袭的, 遗传的两岸关系Cross-Strait relations jacentadjacentadj.邻近的circumjacent adj.周围的subjacent superjacent adj.压在上面的converseuniversityuniverseanniversaryversionvertical 头顶转成螺旋形盘起来的头发versatileadvertisevert；versdiverse diversity reverse 颠倒conversation controversial adversary 对手avert 转移放眼看世界televisionvisitvisionsuperviserevisedevisedevice放眼看世界videoprovideevidenceevident寻找属于平衡点mediamediummedicinemedicalmedico-legalintermediate中间remedymeditation 冥想青春是需要贡献的tribute贡品；颂词contributeattribute to= ascribe todistributeredistribute让自己成为一个有力量的人poweroverpower 压倒；克服energyenergeticforceenforce强制reinforce1. Because of ________ reviews, the producer announced that the play will close with tonight‘s performance.A. adjacentB. adequateC. adhesiveD. adverse 2. Please don‘t interrupt me. If you have something to say, ________ your comment until I have finished speaking.A. withdrawB. witherC. withholdD. withstand畏缩；干枯3. The organ transplant community has ________ humans and monkeys for ethical reasons.A. knocked outB. bailed outC. pointed outD. ruled out 4. Did the entertainer prepare his jokes before the program, or ________ them as he went along?A. envisageB. visualizeC. improviseD. mediate即兴发挥5. This ________ is a national prize and is awarded for the best score by a player under 16 years of age.A. trophyB. treatC. trifleD. tribute 战利品；奖品小事6. Editors do think explicitly about timing and they are not motivated merely to be the first to print an exciting news story: they keep stories unit the time is ________ .A. promptB. ripeC. enoughD. punctual7. His short ________ in the living room had been long enough to keep him awake now.A. doveB. doseC. doleD. doze 鸽子剂量施舍物小睡8. Suddenly one of the leaves begins to fly in a strongwind; the leaf is really no leaf at all it's an insect________ as a leaf.A. masked 掩饰B. disguise 伪装C. repressed压制D. assumed 假设9. Some children have amazed the world since their birth with their incredible intellect and abilities which can at times ________ even the brightest of adults.A. outdoB. overtakeC. contendD. enhance 超越赶上；突然袭来竞争提高10. When buying food, consumers are usually in a hurry, so they don't often ________ descriptions for motivating them to make a choice. A. cover up B. get in C. go afterD. linger over 掩盖拖延11. Millions of people died in the 14th century as the result of a (an) ________ known as the Black Death. A. epidemic B. antibiotics C. pharmacy D. contamination传染病污染12. While this arrangement was a major improvement over its ________ , it still had drawbacks. A. premium B. prevalence C. premise D. predecessor 保险费前任盛行假设13. The prime minister’s proposal for new taxes created such a(n) ________ that his government fell.A. sensationB. upheavalC. withdrawalD. outbreak 感觉；轰动爆发举起；动乱；剧变；收回14. ________ sleep is crucial to the health of adults, new research suggests that lack of sleep may affect teens' health, too. A. Just as B. As long as C. Despite that D. No matter how15. He plans to ________ on hand surgery until September in hopes of winning his first gold medal in the Beijing Olympics. A. hold forth B. hold out C. hold off D. hold down 给予抑制守住推迟；抵挡16. T o ________ American dollars into foreign currency, multiply the amount by the rate of exchange. A. compute B. conveyC. convictD. convert犯罪17. The step was announced by the secretary of state in person and given maximum ________ . A. publication B. publicity C. propaganda D. promotion传到宣传18. It is only with further evolution and refinement that health plan report cards can ________ their potential and become a distinctive and useful tool. A. shed light on B. put up with C. look forward to D. live up to19. In my twenties, I was ________ to anxiety and depression, which I experienced as a depletion of my self-esteem. A. inclined B. accountable C. prone D. poised 倾向于易于平衡；镇定20. T eachers complain that children ________ these tests without being able to write a decent essay, solve a multi-step math problem or construct a framework. A. look throughB. carry throughC. sail throughD. put through 渡过难关顺利通过实行；完成。