quiz one 2 key

Quiz for Reading Ancient Greek Culture
Class:____________ Name:______________ Student Number:_____________ Blank-filling
1.During the Classical Era, small independent city states emerged and prospered in Ancient
Greece. Among them, the most successful two are ___________ and ____________. 431-404B.C., Civil war (Peloponnesian War) broke out between the two city-states. Athens; Sparta 2.By 336BC, King Philip II of Macedon had controlled central and southern Greece. His son,
____________, a pupil of Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, created an empire reaching from Greece to India and spread ancient Greek culture within its vast empire. His military conquest had paved for the distinct _____________culture followed his death, when the advanced Greek culture spread throughout the Mediterranean region. Alexander the Great;
Hellenistic
3.The three most influential ancient Greek philosophers are _______________, ______________
and ____________. Socrates; Plato; Aristotle
4.Rome begun as a small city on the ______________peninsula. In 509BC, Rome’s citizens
expelled their ruler and Rome became a ____________with the Roman senate dominating its legislation. During the 1st century BC, civil war broke out among several powerful and ambitious generals and after a series of political and military confrontations, _____________won and became the lifelong dictator of Rome, but he was assassinated by senators. The first Roman emperor is _______________. Italian/Apennine; Julius Caesar;
Octavian/ Emperor Augustus
5. A period of peace and prosperity created by the Roman Empire between 27 BC and 180AD is
kwon as __________________. Pax Romana
6.The Roman Emperor __________________was the first emperor that accepted and converted
to(皈依) Christianity. Constantine
Translation
1.当今的中国,政治稳定,经济繁荣. (prosperous)
China today is politically stable and economically prosperous.
2.山东省以其丰富的农业资源而闻名遐迩。

（abundant）
Shandong province is famous for its abundant agricultural resources.
3.我们要尽一切力量来履行这项国际义务.（fulfil）
We will do our utmost to fulfil this international obligation.
4.科学技术的迅猛发展将为世界的繁荣与稳定铺平道路. （pave the way for）
The dramatic advances of science and technology will pave the way for world peace and prosperity. Questions and Answers:
1. What impact did the ancient Greek culture have on Western culture? Why do we say that Ancient Greece is the birthplace of Western culture?
Ancient Greek Culture exerts an exceptionally powerful influence in the Roman Empires. And Greco-roman culture constitutes one of the two sources of western civilization. It is a major source of inspiration for Renaissance and Enlightenment. Ancient Greek culture is immensely influential on the language, politics, education, philosophy, art and architecture of the modern world. It is considered to be the foundational culture of Western Civilization, for it puts forward and encourages the idea and practice of democracy, the love of freedom and reason, a strong sense of citizenship.
2.What caused the fall of the Roman Empire?
The Roman Empire collapsed for a variety of reasons, the two major factors being internal strifes and external invasions.
Inside the Empire, the rise of Christianity, which appeals to the neglected poor and the oppressed majority, gradually erodes the core values of the Ancient Greco-roman world, such as heroism, rationality and humanism. Added to this is the political confusion and decay precipitated by the division of the Empire and the long-standing struggle for control between the Emperor and the Senate, and between different factions and powerful generals.
Outside the Empire came large flows of the so called “half-civilized” yet virtually stronger Germanic Tribes. Their Sack of Rome, the cultural center of Roman Empire, in the fifth century destroys both the tangible and intangible legacies of the Roman Empire.
Others factors also contribute to the fall, such as the failing economy, constant wars, heavy military expenses, natural disasters and political corruption.。