哈佛商学院英文参考文献格式
harvard references style参考文献格式
harvard references style参考文献格式引言概述：Harvard引用风格是一种常用的学术写作引用格式，被广泛应用于各个领域的研究论文和学术著作中。
本文将详细介绍Harvard引用风格的参考文献格式，包括正文内容和总结。
正文内容：1. 正文引用格式1.1 书籍：作者姓氏，作者名字的首字母缩写（年份），书名，出版地点，出版社。
1.2 期刊文章：作者姓氏，作者名字的首字母缩写（年份），文章标题，期刊名，卷号（期号），页码。
1.3 学位论文：作者姓氏，作者名字的首字母缩写（年份），论文标题，学位论文类型，学校名称。
1.4 网络资源：作者姓氏，作者名字的首字母缩写（年份），文章标题，网站名称，获取日期，URL链接。
2. 引用的标注方式2.1 书籍：在引用的句子结尾处用括号标注作者姓氏和年份。
2.2 期刊文章：在引用的句子结尾处用括号标注作者姓氏和年份，同时注明页码。
2.3 学位论文：在引用的句子结尾处用括号标注作者姓氏和年份。
2.4 网络资源：在引用的句子结尾处用括号标注作者姓氏和年份，同时注明获取日期。
3. 多作者引用3.1 两位作者：同时标注两位作者的姓氏和年份。
3.2 三位或更多作者：标注第一位作者的姓氏，后加"等"或"et al."，再加年份。
4. 引用同一作者的多个作品4.1 同一年份的多个作品：在年份后加小写字母区分，如(2019a)、(2019b)。
4.2 不同年份的多个作品：分别标注不同的年份。
5. 间接引用和引用页码5.1 间接引用：在引用的句子结尾处用括号标注原作者姓氏和年份，同时注明"引自"和引用的文献。
5.2 引用页码：在引用的句子结尾处用括号标注作者姓氏、年份和页码。
总结：综上所述，Harvard引用风格是一种常用的学术写作引用格式，其参考文献格式包括书籍、期刊文章、学位论文和网络资源。
在引用时，需要注意标注方式和多作者引用的处理。
哈佛引用格式
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Bibliography
Bate, P. (2000) Learners are born, says report. Independent, 16th January, pp.5 and 7. Cutler, T. and Williams, J. (1986) Low temperature fermentation processes. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Glasbergen, P. and Groenenberg, R. (2001) Environmental partnerships in sustainable energy. European Environment [Online], January/February, 11(1), pp.1-13. Available from <> [Accessed 12 August 2003].
The “if-then rule” states that if the student is doing something you want to encourage—something you want to see the student do again or do more often in the future (and if you are sure that that is what the student is doing)—then (and only then) you should praise the student for it(p.46).
BTEC课业参考文献注释规范
英文论文参考文献哈佛格式
Referencing your work usingHarvardA printable copy of the on-line referencing toolVersion (1.3 – 30/09/2008)ContentsReferencing Books 3Journals7 Referencing10MediaElectronicReferencingresources 13 ElectronicReferencingReferencing Government and Official Documents 1719ResourcesReferencingOtherSecondary Referencing 23quotes 24 directReferencingBooksJournalsElectronic mediaElectronic resourcesReferencing Government and Official DocumentsOther resourcesSecondary ReferencingIf you are reading a source by one author (in our example McKechnie (1998)) and they cite or quote work by another author (in our example Wing, Lee and Chen (1994)) you may in turn cite or quote the original work (e.g. that of Wing et al. (1994)) as a SECONDARY REFERENCE.It is always best practice to try and locate the original reference and secondary references should only be used if it is difficult to access the original work. You must remember that in a secondary reference you are seeing the original author's work from someone else's perspective.This panel shows you how to reference a secondary or indirect reference type. It should be used in conjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencing tool for the appropriate referencing types used.Direct QuotesThis panel shows you how to reference a direct quotation. It should be used in conjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencing tool for the appropriate referencing types used.Do not confuse quotations with citations. A citation is the practice of referring to the work of other authors in the text of your assignments.A direct quotation is where you copy the exact words used by an author and place them unaltered directly into your work. Direct quotations need to be in quotation marks as shown in the example here.。
参考文献harvard格式
参考文献harvard格式参考文献是任何学术论文的必要组成部分。
在学术写作中，参考文献被用来证明你的论点，支撑你的观点，以及为论文提供更多的上下文和信息。
正确的参考文献格式对学术研究的成果和文献传递至关重要。
本文将介绍参考文献 Harvad 格式，并提供相关参考文献的示例。
一、什么是 Harvad 格式Harvad 格式是一种常用的参考文献格式，在学术界使用广泛。
它不仅提供了对作者、出版日期、标题等重要信息的引用，也提供了书籍、文章、电影等不同类型的文献来源的引用方法。
Harvad 格式包括在正文引用时使用括号，以及在参考文献列表中给出更完整的引用。
二、如何使用 Harvad 格式使用 Harvad 格式时，你需要在正文中引用文献，然后在文末提供更完整的引用详细信息。
引用的一般格式是：作者姓氏，出版年份，文章标题，出版物信息。
在正文中，你需要使用如下格式引用文献：（作者姓氏，出版年份）例如：在一篇论文中，你引用了威尔逊（1999）的研究，你的正文引用应该是这样的：“威尔逊（1999）在他的研究中指出……”在参考文献列表中，你需要提供更完整的引用信息，常见的格式包括：1. 书籍：作者姓氏，名字。
出版年份。
标题。
出版地：出版社。
例如：赵明。
2005年。
《小说创作手记》。
北京：人民文学出版社。
2. 文章：作者姓氏，名字。
发表年份。
文章标题。
期刊名，期号，页码。
例如：王东，朱洪涛。
2010年。
《激光在石油钻采中的应用》。
石油学报，31(3)，345-350。
3. 报告：组织。
发表年份。
报告名称。
发表地：发表机构。
例如：国家教育部。
2012年。
《2011年全国教育发展统计公报》。
北京：中国教育出版社。
三、参考文献 Harvad 格式的优点1. 简单易学：Harvad 格式的引用通常简短明了，容易掌握。
2. 资料类型广泛：Harvad 格式可以引用各种类型的参考文献，从书籍到文章、报告和网站等。
3. 规范明确：Harvad 格式提供了明确的格式要求，避免了格式繁琐或者不规范的问题。
哈佛 论文引用格式
A brief guide to the Harvard System∙ A bibliographical reference should contain sufficient information for you or someone else to trace the information sources you have used.∙It indicates that you have considered appropriate authorities and evidence in your work∙It acknowledges the work of others in contributing to your work.∙The same set of rules and grammar (colons and commas) should be followed every time you cite a reference (consistency).∙Note – you ought to follow the convention of referencing dictated by your school or tutor, normally the Harvard system.The Harvard system has two main components. Firstly there is the in-text reference. Fore each item of evidence that you use from an external source (a book, a journal article etc.) there is an entry that includes the author‟s family name and the y ear of the publication (source) that the information comes from. Note that for a quotation there will also be the page number for the page that the quotation came from.This works in conjunction with the second element which is known as a reference list (sometimes known as a Bibliography). This is an alphabetical list (by the author‟s last name) which includes the full bibliographical details of the book which would enable the reader to find that source if they so wished. The in-text reference to the autho r‟s last name can be looked up in this list and the full detail found. As you can see then, the system requires both element of in-text reference and reference list to work. Examples of how to do both elements are shown below.∙All material taken from another writer‟s work should be acknowledged, whether the work is directly quoted, paraphrased or summarised.∙Not referencing = Plagiarism∙Plagiarism = a fancy word for stealingCitations in the text should give th e author‟s name with the year of publication, then all references should be listed in alphabetical order at the end of thepaper/dissertation as laid out below.For a single authorIn a study by Murthoo (1999) treatment compliance was examined…..In a study (Seedhouse, 1997) treatment compliance was examined ….When an author has published more than one cited document in the same year these are differentiated by adding lower cased letters after the year within the brackets.Beattie (2000a) argued that public health issues were igno red…Two authors:In the book by Kearney and Rainwater (2001) ….More than two authors:Singer et al (1996) contend that ….If more than one citation is referred to within a sentence, list them all in the following form, by date and then alphabetically:There are indications that childhood poverty is a strong predictor of later morbidity (Wybourn and Hudson, 2002; Acheson, 1998; Lewis 1998)Online sources:When referencing a web page in your text it should be the Author and Year that you put in brackets and not the web page address or URL. Sometimes the author may be the organisation that publishes the web page, for example the Department of Health: According to the Department of Health (2006) the quality of access to health care is one of their fundamental responsibilities.Use quotation marks and acknowledge the author‟s name, year of publication and page number of the quote in brackets.Short quotations (up to 2 lines) can be included in the body of the text:- Wybourn (1999) states that “being an undergraduate can be a pain” (p.19).Longer quotations should be indented in a separate paragraph:-Smaje (1995) when commenting on transcultural care comments that:“Whereas m ulticulturalism tends to emphasise the existence of different cultural traditions in contemporary Britain and promotes tolerance and understanding, anti-racism places a more political emphasis on the forces that structure and determine access to power in s ociety”If part of the quotation is omitted then this can be indicated using three dots:- Smaje (1995) states “…the existence of different cultural traditions in contemporary Britain and promotes tolerance and understanding…” (p.17)Secondary referencingWhere one author is referring to the work of another and the primary source is not available.You should cite the primary source and the source you have read eg Vygotsky and Piaget, 2002, cited in Wybourn, 2003.∙Secondary referencing should be avoided where possible. Find the original if you can.∙List in alphabetical order by author‟s name and then by date (earliest first),∙If more than one item has been published during a specific year by letter (1995a, 1995b etc.)∙Take information from the title page of a publication and not from the front cover, which may be different.∙Include the elements and punctuation given in the examples below.∙Author‟s forenames can be incl uded if given on the title page but this is not necessary.∙The title of the publication should either be in italics or underlined.A book by a single author:Baggini, J (2002) Making Sense: Philosophy behind the headlines. Oxford:Oxford University Press.A book by two authors:Searle, John and Chomsky, N (1997) The meaning of sense: critique &arguments. 105th edn. London: Wybourn.A book by more than two authorsSinger, Mandela et al. (1995) Health care in a multiracial society. London:Open University PressA book by a corporate author (eg a government department or other organisation):Nursing and Midwifery Council (2003) Patient-centred care: a NMC positionstatement on patient involvement. London: Nursing and Midwifery Council.An edited book:Baumeister, R. (ed.) (1999) The self in Social Psychology: Key readings insocial psychology. Hove: Taylor and Francis.A chapter in a bookBurnard, P. (1997) …The self and self awareness.‟ In:K. Burns et al. (eds.) The Self in Society. London: Stanley Thornes. pp.17-28.An article in a journal:Valkimaki, A. (1993) …Patient information systems.‟British Journal of Nursing, 13(1), pp.43-5.An article in a newspaper:Sabo, M. (2003) …Fear of gun crime rising.‟Guardian, 26 October 2003, p.10. If no author name is given then the publisher should be used instead.Guardian (2003) Public health in decline. Guardian, 24October 2003, p11.An online source:Department of Health (2006) Equality and human rights. Available at:/PolicyAndGuidance/EqualityAndHumanRights/fs/en(Accessed: 15 May 2006).A television programmeJulie through the looking glass. (1992). BBC 2, 4 JulyA video12 Angry Men. (1957) Directed by Sidney Lumet [Videocassette]. Hollywood:MGM EntertainmentCD ROMSInstitute of Cancer Research (2000) A breath of fresh air: an interactive guide tomanaging breathlessness in patients with lung cancer. [CD Rom]. Sutton:Institute of Cancer ResearchGovernment publications∙White Papers contain statements of Government policy∙Green Papers put forward proposals for consideration and public discussion.∙They are cited in the same way.A White paperDepartment for Education and Skills (2002) 14-19 next steps: the future.Cm.3390. London: Stationery OfficeA Green paperDepartment for Education and Skills (2003) Extending Opportunities: raisingstandards. Cm 3854. London: Stationery Office.An Act of ParliamentGreat Britain. Education Act 2002: Elizabeth II. Chapter 25. London: TheStationary Office.。
哈佛参考文献格式
维基百科，自由的百科全书哈佛参考文献格式[1]是一种罗列引用的方式，它将引用文献的其中一部分用括号包含起来，放在正文之内。
与之相对的是传统的将参考文献标注于文末（尾注）。
[2][3]目录• 1 参考文献o1.1 引用o1.2 书目• 2 延伸阅读• 3 参见引用[编辑]1. ^Harvard System of Referencing Guide. Anglia RuskinUniversity. 21 May 2012 [4 September 2012].2. ^"Author-date system, Chicago Manual of Style,Williams College Libraries, accessed 25 October 2010.3. ^ Pears, R and Shields, G Cite them right : the essentialreferencing guide (2008) ISBN 978-0-9551216-1-6书目[编辑]•American Psychological Association (2001). Citations in Textof Electronic Material, APA Style.•British Standards Institution (1990). Recommendations forciting and referencing published material, 2nd ed., London:British Standards Institution.•Chernin, Eli (1988). "The 'Harvard system': a mysterydispelled", British Medical Journal. October 22, 1988,pp. 1062–1063.•The Chicago Manual of Style (2003), 15th ed.Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN0-226-10403-6 (hardcover). ISBN0-226-10404-4 (CD-ROM).•Council of Science Editors (2006). Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, andPublishers, 7th ed. Reston, VA (USA): CSE.ISBN0-9779665-0-X•Mark, Edward Laurens (1881). Maturation, fecundation, and segmentation of Limax campestris, Binney", Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College,Volume 6.•Modern Language Association of America (2009). The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 7th ed. NewYork: MLA. ISBN 1-60329-024-9•MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing (2008).Modern Language Association, 3rd edition. ISBN0-87352-297-4•Roediger, Roddy (April 2004). "What should they be called", APS Observer,17 (4), 2009, accessed 11 March2009.•"Lamont Libraries Lead RefWorksWorkshops" (2006). Harvard College Library. •"Research Service Libraries Take Part in PilotProject" (2009). Harvard University Library, February 18,2009, accessed 11 March 2009.•Turabian, Kate L., et al. (2007). A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. 7th ed.Chicago: University of Chicago Press.ISBN 0-226-82336-9•"Citation Tools" at Harvard Libraries (2008) –Includes hyperlinked "Tool Comparisons: RefWorks, EndNote,Zotero".•American Library Association (ALA) (November 2003). ALA Standards Manual.•Anglia Ruskin University Library (updated 2010). "Harvard System of Referencing Guide".•Mullan, W.M.A. (updated 2010). " Harvard referencegenerator for citing references".•Council of Science Editors (CSE), previously named Councilof Biology Editors (CBE) (2009). "Scientific Style andFormat: Introduction" and"Reference Links"–Includessection on "Grammar and Style" with hyperlinked "Citing theInternet: Formats for Bibliographic Citations".)•Duke University Library (last modified, 2 June 2008). "CitingSources: Documentation Guidelines for Citing Sources andAvoiding Plagiarism"–Provides hyperlinked "CitationGuides" pertaining to the most commonly used citationguidelines, including parenthetical referencing; includes:APA, Chicago, CBE, CSE, MLA, and Turabian styleguidelines.•Harvard College Library (2008). "Research Guides".(Compiled by the Staff of Harvard College Library.)•Harvard College Writing Program, HarvardUniversity (2008). Resources for Students: Guides to UsingSources.•University of Leeds Library (2009). "References and citationsexplained", accessed 25 October 2010.•University of Southern Queensland Library (2008). YourGuide to the Harvard AGPS ReferencingSystem and "Harvard Style (AGPS) - Web sources",accessed 25 October 2010.•Victoria University of Technology (2009). Harvard(AGPS) Style: Harvard (AGPS) Style: A Guide toReferencing Sources Used in Assignments], accessed 25October 2010.•ISO 690•文后参考文献著录规则分类：•文献学。
英文参考文献 引用格式
英文参考文献引用格式English:When citing references in an academic paper, there are several commonly used formats, including APA, MLA, Chicago, and Harvard. In APA format, the reference should include the author's last name and initial, the publication year, the title of the work, and publication information. For example, a book citation should follow this format: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work: Subtitle. Publisher. For MLA format, the citation includes the author's name, the title of the source, the title of the container, other contributors, version, number, publisher, publication date, and location. In Chicago style, the citation should include the author's name, the title of the book, the place of publication, the publisher, and the year of publication. In Harvard style, the citation includes the author's name, the year of publication, the title of the work, and publication information. It is important to carefully follow the specific guidelines for each format to ensure that the references are accurately cited.中文翻译:在学术论文中引用参考文献时，有几种常用的格式，包括APA、MLA、芝加哥和哈佛。
emerald group publishing ltd文献格式
emerald group publishing ltd文献格式
Emerald Group Publishing Ltd是位于英国的一家学术出版社，由世界百强商学院Bradford UniversityEmerald Group Publishing Ltd是位于英国的一家学术出版社，由世界百强商学院Bradford University Management Center的50名学者创立。
对于Emerald Group Publishing Ltd的文献格式，有以下一些具体要求：
1. 文章长度：通常在4,000到6,000单词之间。
2. 字体：12号字体，双倍行距。
3. 边距：25mm。
4. 简短的自我介绍：包括全名、单位、职称、Email地址、详细的国际联系方式等。
5. 文章题目需符合Emerald格式之作者指南。
参考文献方面，可以参考哈佛格式，即作者在正文中用圆括号注出所引用文献的作者和出版年。
遵循这些规定将有助于您的稿件符合Emerald Group Publishing Ltd的要求，增加被接受的可能性。
哈佛参考文献格式具体写法
哈佛注释体系（Harvard System），也叫“作者－日期法”(Author-date method)。
根据哈佛体系，每一个引文，无论直接还是间接，都应分别在两处注明：在文中引用处注明；在全书或全文最后的参考书目（bibliography）处注明。
起源哈佛参考文献注释体系起源于美国，20世纪50、60年代开始流行，尤其在物理学和自然科学研究领域使用最多，近年来社会科学中也开始流行。
怎样呈现参考文献参考文献的呈现方式有一定的规范，本文仅就目前较为普遍使用的哈佛体系（Harvard System）作一介绍。
因为我们的学术研究中越来越多地参考英文文献，我们也通过在国外的刊物上发表我们的研究成果而使世界认识我们，这样我们就有必要熟悉它的要求并遵守其规范，否则当我们向国外的学术刊物投稿时，会由于参考文献的不合规范而不被录用，同时，也不能为国内外的读者提供进一步研究的信息。
哈佛注释体系（Harvard System），也叫“作者－日期法”（Author-date method）。
根据哈佛体系，每一个引文，无论直接还是间接，都应分别在两处注明：在文中引用处注明；在全书或全文最后的参考书目（bibliography）处注明。
在文中引用处的注释规范1．当作者姓名在句子中自然出现时，给出作者姓和出版年份，将出版年份放在小括号内。
比如，In a recent study Harvey （1993）argued that ...。
2．当作者姓名不在句子中自然出现时，姓和出版年份都放在括号中，比如，A recent study (Harvey,1993）shows that…。
3．被引用的作者在同一年中出版了两部以上著作或发表了两篇以上的论文，用小写字母 a.b.c等予以区别，放在年份后面，如，Johnson （1989a) discussed the subject…。
4．如果被引用著作有两位作者，要将两位作者的姓同时给出，如，Matthews and Jones （1992）have proposed that…。
中国人写的英文文献引用哈佛
中国人写的英文文献引用哈佛
Harvard是一种通常用在美国大学生的学术论文写作中的引用格式。
它主要有两种类型：一种是哈佛参考文献格式（参考书目），另一种是哈佛引用格式（文内引用）。
哈佛参考文献格式
参考文献，同学们应该很熟悉，通常在论文末尾位置会有一个完整的引用列表，其中对所有的引用来源与出处信息，包括作者、出版日期和来源标题等都会详细地罗列出来。
哈佛文内引用格式
论文的主体部分通常会用到文内引用，大多数时候都是用来直接解释引文的来源，完整引用的一部分也包含在其中。
哈佛引用格式：文内引用的不同情况
Harvard文内引用常常用在表明论文的特定部分，这些特定部分是直接解释或引用文章来源中的内容的，一般包含作者的姓氏及文章的发表日期。
下面是文本引用分类的具体情况：
一、作者数量
根据作者数量，哈佛引用格式可分为下面几类：
没有作者
在引用时如果遇到没有作者的情况，那么就要查看是否有相关的负责组织单位。
如果有相关的负责组织单位，那么就可以使用它代替作者。
如果没有相关的负责组织单位，那就要使用斜体的标题。
一个作者
如果要引用的文献只有一个作者，需要把作者姓氏和文章出版年份放在括号中。
两个或三个作者
在引用的文本作者为两个或三个时，要把所有作者的姓氏都标注上。
四个或四个以上的作者
在引用的文本作者为四个或更多时，需要把第一作者的姓名注明，然后用“et al”来表示其他的人。
最后要标注出版年份。
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BOOK______________________________ Single authorIN-TEXT...(Doss 2003)REFERENCEDoss, G 2003, IS Project Management Handbook, Aspen Publishers, New York2 authorsIN-TEXT...(Laudon & Laudon 2003)REFERENCELaudon, KC & Laudon, JP 2003, Essentials of management information systems: managing the digital firm, PrenticeHall, Upper Saddle River, N.J.3 or more authorsIN-TEXT (INITIALLY)...(Coveney, Ganster, Hartlen & King 2003)IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER)...(Coveney et al 2003)REFERENCECoveney, M, Ganster, D, Hartlen, B & King, D 2003, The strategy gap: leveraging technology to execute winningstrategies, Wiley, Hoboken, N. J.Corporate authorIN-TEXT (INITIALLY)...(Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2002)IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER)...(DFAT 2002)REFERENCEDepartment of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2002, Connecting with Asia's tech future: ICT export opportunities,Economic Analytical Unit, Commonwealth Government,Canberra.EditorIN-TEXT...(Shaw 2003)REFERENCEShaw, MJ (ed) 2003, E-business management: integration of Web technologies with business models, KluwerAcademic, London.BOOK CHAPTER_____________________ Single authorIN-TEXT...(Howard 1998)REFERENCEHoward, S 1998, 'Verbal Protocol Analysis', in B Henderson-Sellers, A Simons and H Younessi (eds.), The OpenProcess Specification, Addison Wesley, Sydney, pp. 272-274.2 authorsIN-TEXT...(Degen & Pedell 2004)REFERENCEDegen, H & Pedell, S 2004, 'The JIET Design Process for e-Business Applications', in D Diaper and N Stanton (eds.),The Handbook of Task Analysis for Human-ComputerInteraction, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (LEA),London, pp. 193-220.3 or more authorsIN-TEXT (INITIALLY)...(Johnston, Mak & Kurnia 2001)IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER)...(Johnston et al 2001)REFERENCEJohnston RB, Mak HC & Kurnia S 2001, 'The contribution of Internet Electronic Commerce to advanced supply chainreform - a case study', in S Barnes & B Hunt (eds.), E-Commerce and V-Business, Butterworth-Heinemann,Oxford, pp. 232-249.JOURNAL ARTICLE__________________ Single authorIN-TEXT...(Hammer 1990)REFERENCEHammer, M 1990, 'Reengineering Work: Don't Automate, Obliterate', Harvard Business Review, July-August, pp.104-112.2 authorsIN-TEXT...(Lamb & Kling 2003)REFERENCELamb, R & Kling, R 2003, 'Reconceptualizing users as social actors in information systems research', MIS Quarterly,vol. 27, issue 2, June, p. 197.3 or more authorsIN-TEXT (INITIALLY)...(Lacity, Willcocks & Feeny 1995)IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER)...(Lacity et al 1995)REFERENCELacity, MC, Willcocks, LP & Feeny, DF 1995, 'IToutsourcing: maximize flexibility and control', HarvardBusiness Review, vol. 73, issue 3, May, pp. 84-93. ENCYCLOPAEDIAS AND DICTIONARIES_ IN-TEXT...(Karlof 2002)REFERENCEKarlof, B 2002, 'Benchmarking', in H Bidgoli (ed).Encyclopedia of information systems, Academic Press,New York, vol. 1, pp. 65-80.NEWSPAPERS______________________ PrintIN-TEXT...(Barker 2004)REFERENCEBarker, G 2004, '$54m Deal To Heat Up Broadband War', The Age, Business, 24 February, p 2.OnlineIN-TEXT...(Varghese 2004)REFERENCEVarghese, S 2004, 'The Linux desktop is here', The Age, accessed 1 March 2004, from<.au/articles/2004/02/13/1076548215848.html>MAGAZINE ARTICLE_________________ Single authorIN-TEXT...(Knight 2004)REFERENCEKnight, W 2004, 'How to second guess the next hack attack', New Scientist, 24 January, p 19.2 authorsIN-TEXT...(Berlind & Becker 2003)REFERENCEBerlind D & Becker D 2003, 'Metadata: where content and storage meet', Technology & Business, December, p 30.3 or more authorsIN-TEXT (INITIALLY)...(Nielsen, Pernice, Coyne & Tahir 2001)IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER)...(Nielsen et al 2001)REFERENCENielsen, J, Pernice Coyne, K & Tahir, M 2001 'Make it usable', PC Magazine, 6 February, p 11.PUBLISHED PROCEEDINGS___________ Conferences, Seminars and MeetingsIN-TEXT...(Eidenberger et al 2002)REFERENCEEidenberger, H, Breiteneder, C & Hitz, M 2002, 'A Framework for Visual Information Retrieval', in Shi-Kuo Chang, ZenChen, Suh-Yin Lee (eds.), Recent advances in visualinformation systems: 5th international conference,VISUAL 2002 proceedings, Hsin Chu, Taiwan, March 11-13, 2002, pp. 105-116.UNPUBLISHED MATERIAL_____________ Theses and ReportsIN-TEXT...(Rouse 2002)REFERENCERouse, AC 2002, 'Information technology outsourcingrevisited: success factors and risks', PhD Thesis, Dept. ofInformation Systems, University of Melbourne.HARVARD (AUTHOR-DATE) STYLE:ELECTRONIC SOURCES Based on .au/cite/harvard_dis/ - citations and the order in which they are arranged.WWW______________________________ IN-TEXT...(Arch & Letourneau, 2002)REFERENCEArch, A & Letourneau, C 2002, 'Auxiliary Benefits ofAccessible Web Design', in W3C Web Accessibilityinitiative, accessed 26 February 2004, from</WAI/bcase/benefits.html>E-BOOK____________________________ IN-TEXT...(Eck 2002)REFERENCEEck, DJ 2002, Introduction To Programming Using Java, 3rd edn., , accessed 26 February 2004, from</Java/Documents/IntroToProgrammingUsingJava/VolumeFrames.html>E-JOURNAL ARTICLE________________ Single authorIN-TEXT...(Lenoir 2003)REFERENCELenoir, L 2003, 'Response of the foraging behaviour of red wood ants (Formica rufa group) to exclusion from trees',Agricultural and Forest Entomology, vol. 5, no. 3, pp 183-189, viewed 10 September 2003, from<http://www.blackwell-/links/doi/10.1046/j.1461-9563.2003.00176.x/full/>.2 authorsIN-TEXT...(Stier & Siebert 2002)REFERENCEStier, SC and Siebert, SF 2002, 'The Kyoto Protocol: an opportunity for biodiversity restoration forestry',Conservation Biology, vol. 16, no. 3, p 575, viewed 10September 2003,from <http://www.blackwell-/links/doi/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01626.x/full/>.3 or more authorsIN-TEXT (INITIALLY)...(Mueller, Heckathorn & Fernando 2003)IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER)...(Mueller et al 2003)REFERENCEMueller, JK, Heckathorn, SA and Fernando, D 2003,'Identification of a chloroplast dehydrin in leaves ofmature plants', International Journal of Plant Sciences,vol. 164, no. 4, pp 535-542, viewed on 10 September2003, from</IJPS/journal/issues/v164n4/164053/164053.html>.AbstractIN-TEXT (INITIALLY)...(Wolter, Ellis, Corrigan, DeDecker, Curtis, Parr & Webel 2003)IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER)...(Wolter et al 2003)REFERENCEWolter, BF, Ellis, M, Corrigan, BP, DeDecker, JM, Curtis, SE, Parr, EN and Webel, DM 2003, 'Effect of restrictedpostweaning growth resulting from reduced floor andfeeder-trough space on pig growth performance toslaughter weight in a wean-to-finish production system',Journal of Animal Science, (abstract), vol 81, viewed 11September 2003, from<.au:2148/jas/abs/2003/a0340836.htm>.CD-ROM____________________________ IN-TEXT...(World Atlas & Almanac 1995)REFERENCEWorld Atlas & Almanac 1995, CD-ROM, Mindscape Inc., Novato, California, USA.VIDEO & AUDIO RECORDINGS_________ GeneralIN-TEXT...(Grumpy meets the orchestra 1995)REFERENCEGrumpy meets the orchestra 1992, video recording, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Sydney. Featuring the SydneySymphony Orchestra.Named performerIN-TEXT...(Sangare 1997)REFERENCESangare, O 1997, 'Dugu Kamalemba', in The divas from Mali, (audio CD), Network Medien GmbH, D-60316 Frankfurt.Track #10.TV & RADIO BROADCASTS____________ On-air presentationIN-TEXT...(Sold down the river 2003)REFERENCESold down the river 2003, television program, 4 Corners, ABC Television, Sydney, broadcast 14 July.Recording or TranscriptIN-TEXT...(Radio National 2003)REFERENCEThe politics of milk 2003, transcript of radio program,Background Briefing, Radio National, ABC Radio,Melbourne, viewed 10 September 2003, from<.au/rn/talks/bbing/stories/s913647.htm>HARVARD (AUTHOR-DATE) STYLE:OTHER SOURCES Based on .au/cite/harvard_dis/ - citations and the order in which they are arranged. SOFTWARE_________________________Named authorIN-TEXT...(Rawson-Tetley 2005)REFERENCERawson-Tetley, R Animal Shelter Manager, computersoftware, accessed 11 January 2005 from<>No named authorIN-TEXT...( 2005)REFERENCE, computer software, accessed 11 January 2005from <>Corporate publisherIN-TEXT...(MATLAB 2005)REFERENCEMATLAB version 6.5.1, 2003, computer software, TheMathWorks Inc., Natick, Massachusetts.PERSONAL COMMUNICATION_________PrintIN-TEXT...(Viking O'Neil 1991)REFERENCEViking O'Neil 1991, Australian Road Atlas, 10th edn, PenguinBooks Australia, Melbourne, pp 32-33.ElectronicIN-TEXT...( 1999)REFERENCE 1999, Bhutan, viewed 11 September 2003, from</cgi-bin/search/hyperseek.cgi?search=CAT&Category=Asia%3ABhutanP&Qualifier=>MEDIA RELEASE____________________IN-TEXT...(Alston 2003)REFERENCEAlston, R (Australian Minister for Communications,Information Technology) 2003, Australian Government toban spam, media release 122/03, National Office forInformation Economy, Canberra, 23 July. 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