英语语法基础(倒装与从句)
高中英语语法倒装句语法讲解总结-全
高中英语语法倒装句语法讲解总结大全•倒装的作用为了强调、突出等词语•英语中的九大成分，倒装只与主谓有关全部倒装：把句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前（谓语动词要和后面的主语保持一致）1.下列副词位于句首需要倒装方位副词：up,down,in,away,off,out等时间副词：now,then等地点副词：here,there等以及表示地点的介词短语Besides the lake stand a couple of trees and under them runs a path. →A couple of trees stand beside the lake and a path runs under them.湖边有几棵树，树下有一条小路。
（方位副词）Out of the room stands a big monster. →A big monster stands out of the room.房子外边有一个怪兽（方位副词）At the front of the book is a table of content. →A table of content is at the front of book.书的前部有目录（方位副词）Now speaks the headamaster. →The headmaster speaks now.现在说话的是班长（时间副词）Then came the chairman. →The chairman came then.然后主席来了（时间副词）Here comes the bus. →The bus comes here.公交车来了（地点副词）Sitting at the next table was a pretty girl waiting for someone.→a pretty girl waiting for someone was Sitting at the next table.隔壁桌坐着一个漂亮女人正在等着谁（地点介词短语）By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. →A young man with a magazine in his hand sat by the window.窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志（地点介词短语）Among these people was his friend Jim. →His friend jim was among these people.他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中（地点介词短语）2. 表语位于句首，需要全部倒装（为了强调或者为了使句子平衡或者为了使上下文连接得更加紧密）Such are the facts. →the facts are such.事实就是这些Gone are the days when woman were looked down upon.→The days when woman were looked down upon are gone.女性被看不起的时代已经过去了3. 当主语是代词时，不能倒装Here it is（不倒装）——here is the book（倒装）Here you are（不倒装）——here are the students.（倒装）部分倒装：把句子中的部分动词置于主语之前（be 动词、情态动词、助动词），如果句中没有be动词、情态动词或者助动词，应当补充（do，does，did）置于主语之前。
英语倒装句语法点
倒装、强调和省略装、强调和省略倒装 Inversion英语的一般语序(自然语序Natural Order)为：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语（或表语） + (状语等附加成分)。
有时为了语法上或修辞上的需要而改变这种语序。
一、语法倒装1. 句首是由某些表示地点状语的副词开头，或者方位副词、介词短语放在句首时，主谓全部倒装(Full Inversion)。
比如：here, back, down, off, in, up，hence, then, thus, often, so，out, up, away, on等，通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
主语为主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here is your letter. 这是你的信。
Down came the rain. 下雨了。
Hence comes the name magnet. 由此得名“磁铁”。
Into the sky went the plane. 飞机飞向天空。
Away went the girl to the school! 这个女孩到学校去了！Off goes the woman! 那个女人走了！2. 以there开头，表示“….有….”, “There+be+主语”结构；在正式文体中，当主语不明确是一个很长的名词短语时，用“there+不及物动词+主语”结构。
There are more important matters we need to discuss.我们有很多重要的事情需要讨论。
There entered a strange little man.走进来一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。
3. 主语 + live, stand, lie, sit 等动词+（介词）地点状语的结构中常采用倒装语序。
正常语序：An old temple stands at the top of the hill.倒装语序：At the top of the hill stands an old temple.山顶上有座古庙。
英语主谓倒装句的归纳总结
英语主谓倒装句的归纳总结英语中主谓倒装是一种语法结构，它将主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒。
在某些特定情况下，主谓倒装可以用来强调句子中的某个部分，或者改变句子的语气。
本文将总结主谓倒装的用法和情况，并提供相关的例句供参考。
1. 在以“Here”或“There”开头的句子中，常常使用主谓倒装结构。
例句：Here comes the bus.There is a cat on the tree.2. 在以“Never/Not only/Seldom/Hardly/Scarcely”开头的句子中，通常使用主谓倒装。
例句：Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.Not only does he play the piano, but he also sings.3. 在表示“否定副词+谓语动词”的句子中，常用主谓倒装。
例句：Not until he left did I realize my mistake.Little did she know about the surprise party.4. 在以“Only + 状语”开头的句子中，常使用主谓倒装。
例句：Only by working hard can we achieve success.Only when the rain stops can we go outside.5. 在条件句中，如果以“Had/Should/Were/Could”开头，常常使用主谓倒装。
例句：Had he studied harder, he would have passed the exam.Should you have any questions, please let me know.6. 在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，常常使用主谓倒装。
例句：Were I you, I would quit that job immediately.Had we known about the party, we would have attended.7. 在以“Only if”引导的条件状语从句中，常常使用主谓倒装。
全部倒装和部分倒装和重点语法
全部倒装和部分倒装: 如果谓语在主语前面, 就是倒装语序. 倒装语序又分为全部倒装和部分倒装. 在全部倒装的句子中, 整个谓语都放在主语的前面:Here are some registered letters for you.In came a man with a white beard.在部分倒装的句子中只是谓语中的一部分(如助动词, 情态动词, 或系动词be等)放在主语前面, 其余部分仍在主语后面:Under no circumstances must a soldier leave his post.I couldn’t answer the question. Nor could anyone else in our class.Only in this way is it possible to accomplish the above-mentioned glorious task.以neither, nor, so等开始的句子: 由so引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(肯定句), 由neither, nor引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(否定句), 助动词或be置于主语前.“We must start for the work-site now”. “ So must we.”I am quite willing to help and so are the others.He didn’t drop any hint. Nor (Neither) did his secretary.“I won’t do such a thing.”“Nor (Neither) will I.”如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思, 尽管是用so开头, 语序也不要颠倒.“It was cold yesterday.”“So it was.”“Tomorrow will be Monday.”“So it will.”当句首状语为never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely等否定词或有否定意义的词语时, 一般引起部分倒装.No longer are they staying with us.No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.Under no circumstances could I agree to such a principle.表示位置或方向的副词提前, 谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动作动词而主语又较长时, 通常用全部倒装:There was a sudden gust of wind and away went his hat.The door burst open and I rushed the crowd.There comes the bus!Now comes your turn.1.如果主语是代词, 仍用正常语序:There comes your turn.有here引起, 谓语为be的句子, 也要倒装:Here is China’s largest tropical forest.Here are some picture-books.2.如果主语是代词, 仍用正常语序:Here we are. This is the new railway station.“Give me some paper.”“Here you are.”3.表语和系动词提前:介词短语: On the other side was northern Xinjiang.Near the southern end of the village was a large pear orchard.形容词: Very important in the farmer’s life is the radio weather report.Worst of all were the humiliations he suffered.副词: Below is a restaurant.Southwest of the reservoir were 2,000 acres of sandy wasteland.分词: Housed in the Cultural Palace are a library, an auditorium and recreation rooms.Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zink.Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17.Standing beside the table was an interpreter.4 句首状语若由only + 副词, only + 介词词组, only + 状语从句构成, 引起局部倒装:Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.Only through sheer luck did he manage to get some tickets.Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.有not only开头的句子或分句, 往往引起局部倒装:Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn’t done a very good repair job either.1、词类冠词：关注冠词表示特指、泛指、类指的用法。
高中英语语法倒装句
1.His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV, but ＿＿＿＿. A. a little did he hear B. little did he hear C. little heard he D. a little heard he 2.—— Hello, Zhu Hua. I’ll have to return to Canada because I’ve worked here for a year. —— ＿＿＿＿＿! What time flies B. How time flies C. What does time fly D. How does time fly 3. During the war, ＿＿＿＿but also he lost his wife and his child. not was his job in the lab taken away B. not only was his job in the lab taken away C. not merely his job in the lab was taken away D. not just was taken away his job in the lab
C
D
11.— The old man wouldn’t stay at home for a rest even if it rained. — ＿＿＿＿.He would feel sick if he stayed home for one day. A. So would my grandpa B. So wouldn’t my grandpa C. Neither would my grandpa D. Nor wouldn’t my grandpa 12.＿＿＿for us to surf (冲浪) on the sea in summer! A. What exciting is it B. How exciting is it C. What exciting it is D. How exciting it is 13.By no means ＿＿＿ to our plan for the trip. A. will she agree B. she will agree C. agrees she D. will agree she
英语语法之倒装结构
5.用于以were, had, should等词开头的虚 拟条件句（即省略了if的虚拟条件句）例 如： a.Had I known it earlier, I would not have made the mistake.假如我早知道这 件事，我就不会出错了。 b.Were she here,we would be able to get some good advice. 要是她在这儿， 我们就能得到些好建议。 c.Should you go to Shanghai with me ,let me know. 如果你要和我去上海， 就告诉我。
3.用于以副词only开头的句子（only后面多为 状语）。例如： Only by working hard can we succeed. 只 有努力，我们才能成功。
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4.用于以副词so, neither, nor 开头,表示“某人 也这样”一类概念的句子。 (1).so用于肯定句，代替上文中的形容词.名词 或动词,通常指前面所说的肯定情况也适用于 其他人(或物)，结构为: So+be, do, have其他助动词或情态动词+主 语.例如: I can speak English . So can my brother.我会说英语。我弟弟也会。
6.在某些表达祝愿的句子里用倒装，例如： a. May you succeed! 祝你成功！
b. So be it! 但愿如此！
7.英语中有的让步状语从句可用as,though 等引起的倒装结构表示，其结构一般为 “形容词（副词，动词，分词 +as(though)+主语+谓语”。例如： a. Young as she is, she is courageous. 她虽然年纪小，但却很勇敢。 b.Much though I like playing football ,I like swimming better.我虽然很喜欢踢足 球，但我更喜欢游泳。
系统讲解英语语法之倒装的情况
什么时候需要倒装，什么时候部分倒装。
英语中有许多否定词和否定词组,在句中用作状语、宾语或表语,当它们被置于句首时,常常引起倒装。
在这些倒装句中,如果谓语动词是动词的一般现在时或一般过去时形式,句子需要全部倒装,否则就只局部倒装。
其他倒装情况要看具体强调的是什么内容。
常见的放句首的否定词有:(句型: 否定词+ 助动词/be动词+ 主语)by no means 决不in no case 决不in no way 决不on no consideration 决不under no circumstances 决不in nocircumstances 决不barely 简直没有hardly 几乎不scarcely 几乎不little/few 几乎没有,一点也不never 从不no sooner ...than...一...就not 不,没有not a bit 一点也不not...until...直到...才nowhere 没有地方,无处rarely 很少seldom 很少only 只有not only...but also 不但...而且...例句:Barely does he have enough time to study.By no means is translation work easy.注意：1. 这些倒装的词，只有当Not only…but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。
如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，例如, Not only you but also I am fond of music.Not only did she refuse the gift，she also severely criticized the sender.2. 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序。
09年高考英语倒装基础语法讲解
09年高考英语倒装基础语法讲解及对应练习：14. 倒装14.1 倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。
常见的结构有：1）here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。
例如：Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
例如：Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。
Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
例如：Here he comes. 他来了。
Away they went. 他们走开了。
14.2 倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。
如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
例如：Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。
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先讲倒装一.概念:英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。
二.相关知识点按“主语+ 谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。
如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。
倒装句分为：完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。
部分倒装：只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。
1. 当以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Our teacher came in. ——>> In came our teacher.这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。
主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。
如 Here it is. A way he went.这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。
Here comes the bus.Out rushed the boys.2. how, then, just, often 表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
Then came 8 years of the Anti -Japanese W ar.3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。
这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, does，do.Under a big tree ___D_____, half asleep.A. did sat a fat manB. a fat man satC. did a fat man satD. sat a fat man4. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。
在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。
如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。
There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house. In front of the tower flews a stream.5. so + 动词+主语neither/ nor + 动词+主语表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。
否则要用so it is with…You can ride a bike. So can I .He has been to Beijing. So have I .The first one isn’t good, neither is the second.His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.6. so+ 形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。
句型如下： so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。
Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.7. done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。
Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.8. 否定副词not , never, seldom, nowhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。
W e seldom get up at four in the morning. = Seldom do we get up at four in the morning.Not a single word from him could the enemy drag.Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing.9. hardly…when;scarcely…when…; no sooner…than…可以用正常语序 had hardly done when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when… did 句式。
hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。
什么语从句在整个句子中就起什么语的作用，如主语从句就起主语的作用句子基本结构主+谓+宾+（宾补）简单理解主语后是动词的动词就是谓语，后面的对象就是宾语主+系+表am is are就是系动词，就是系语，is、am、are后面的就是表语（一般而言）look，seem, feel, sense, taste, smell, sound表感官时也起到系动词的作用,视为系动词，后接表语，多为形容词1.主语从句1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
常见的句型有：*It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that...*It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that...*It is clear\important\likely\possible that...*It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that...It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.It seems that the performance is very useful.2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。
What we lack is experience.3)what, who, when, why, whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。
How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.I did know why I felt like crying.2.宾语从句1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。
连词that常可省略。
介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。
in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。
*I promised that I would change the situation.*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。
He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. （clear就是宾补，对宾语起补充说明作用的就是宾补）注：3)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。
He didn't think that the money was well spent.3.表语从句表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。
表语从句除可用that, what, when, why, whether, how等引导外，还可由because, as if(though)等引导。
that常可省略。
如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in A merica.The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.4.同位语从句同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether, who, when, where, what, why, how等引导。
常见的先行名词有fact, idea, belief, news, hope, conclusion, evidence, suggestion, order, problem, report, decision. 有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。
She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.The news came that their team had won the championship.5.定语从句定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。