ASTMD无纺布吸水速率测试方法
吸水率测试方法

吸水率测试方法一、引言吸水率测试是指材料在一定时间内吸收水分的能力,是评价材料吸水性能的重要指标。
吸水率测试方法主要有静态法和动态法两种。
本文将详细介绍这两种方法的具体步骤和注意事项。
二、静态法测试步骤1. 准备工作准备好所需试验材料,如砖、石材等;准备好天平、容器、测量尺等实验仪器;在室温下保持试样恒定质量24小时以上。
2. 测试过程(1)称量试样:将试样放在天平上进行称重,记录下初始重量。
(2)浸泡试样:将试样放入盛满水的容器中,在室温下浸泡24小时。
(3)取出试样:将试样从容器中取出,用干净的毛巾把表面水分擦干,并立即在天平上称重,记录下湿重。
(4)计算结果:根据公式计算出吸水率:吸水率 = (湿重 - 初始重量)/ 初始重量× 100%3. 注意事项(1)选择合适的容器和测量尺寸,保证测试结果的准确性。
(2)试样的表面应保证干净,无任何杂质。
(3)浸泡时间应严格控制在24小时以内。
(4)测试过程中应避免试样受到外力的影响。
三、动态法测试步骤1. 准备工作准备好所需试验材料,如砖、石材等;准备好天平、容器、测量尺等实验仪器;在室温下保持试样恒定质量24小时以上。
2. 测试过程(1)称量试样:将试样放在天平上进行称重,记录下初始重量。
(2)浸泡试样:将试样放入盛满水的容器中,在室温下浸泡5分钟。
(3)取出试样:将试样从容器中取出,用干净的毛巾把表面水分擦干,并立即在天平上称重,记录下湿重。
(4)计算结果:根据公式计算出吸水率:吸水率 = (湿重 - 初始重量)/ 初始重量× 100%3. 注意事项(1)选择合适的容器和测量尺寸,保证测试结果的准确性。
(2)浸泡时间应严格控制在5分钟以内。
(3)测试过程中应避免试样受到外力的影响。
(4)测试前应保证试样表面干净,无任何杂质。
四、总结吸水率测试是评价材料吸水性能的重要指标之一,静态法和动态法是常用的测试方法。
在进行测试时,应注意选择合适的容器和测量尺寸,严格控制浸泡时间,保证试样表面干净无杂质,并避免试样受到外力的影响。
亲水无纺布吸水原理及测量方式讲解?亲水无纺布厂

亲水无纺布吸水原理及测量方式讲解?亲水无纺布厂亲水无纺布原理无纺布由于加工特性和产品成本等缘由,长期以来大部分使用合成纤维,而聚酯,聚丙烯为最多,少数状况下合成纤维,自然纤维混合,但造成差产品的亲水性。
无纺布对医用和卫生材料以及用于擦拭和擦拭的材料具有更高的亲水性要求。
在医疗和保健领域,消毒擦拭物,伤口敷料,止血条,缎带,纱布球,软膏布和汲取垫需要具有汲取血液和液体药物的良好性质。
吸水性一次性材料,如婴儿尿布,卫生巾,成人失禁垫,对亲水性材料的要求较高。
有一次性内衣,服装衬布,鞋村布等服用材料也亲水可以有肯定的要求。
在家庭健康领域,给孩子指布,美指布和家具,管道,炊具清洁布等全部亲水材料都可以有相应的要求。
另外,很多工业布料如电池隔板要求都具有很高的电解液汲取力量,因此亲水性也提出了肯定的要求。
亲水整理是用亲水剂掩盖纤维表面,形成亲水膜,提高其亲水性, 而亲水膜具有肯定的导电性,可以提高材料的抗静电性能。
该方法简洁易用,原理成熟。
—1 —吸水性测试对医疗卫生用无纺布产品,一般都有吸水性或吸湿性要求,因此必需进行吸水性试验。
而吸水性是这类产品的一项重要指标。
常用吸水时间或吸水量来测定产品吸水性的好坏。
(一)吸水时间的测定ASTM标准中的吸水性测试方法如下:采纳一只两端开口的圆柱形金属网篮,高 6.4am,直径 3.8cm,自重3g,用20号不锈钢丝编成,网目尺寸约3cm3cm。
沿机器运行方向取样5块,样品的宽度为76mm,长度以其质量达到(5 j:0.g为标准。
在室温下进行测试,每个试样沿长度方向卷成直径相同的一卷,然后放入金属网篮中,两端略微超出网篮。
接着将装有试样的网篮从25cm高度横向坠入盛水的容器中,记录整个式样完全被润湿所需要的时间,测试5次,求其平均值,即为吸水时间。
(二)吸水量的测定(二)吸水量的测定首先沿无纺布的45斜向取规格为203mm203mm的6块试样。
如定重超过80g/m2者,可取3块试样。
ASTM D570-98塑料吸水率的试验方法(中文)

浸水后的重量 调整处理后的重量 ×100 调整处理后的重量
9.1.6 浸水时可溶性材料损失百分率,精确到 0.01%,计算公式如下(见注 5) : 可溶性材料损失率,%=
调整处理后的重量 重新调整处理后的重量 ×100 调整处理后的重量
注 5—在浸入水中后,重新调整样品的重量超过了在浸泡前的条件重量。 9.1.7 对于长时间沉浸工艺, 做出增加的重量和每次浸入时间的平方根的函数的 曲线图。 曲线的起始斜率与塑料中水的扩散常数成比例。函数曲线上重量变化很 小或无变化的平坦区作为塑料的饱和含水量。 9.1.8 含水率是 9.1.5 和 9.1.6 数值之和。 9.1.9 样品外观出现褶皱,裂缝或变化的观察值。
2
ASTM D570 - 98 (2010)
ε 1
5.5 对于内径小于 76mm(3 in.)的管件的试验样品应该是长 25.4mm(1-in.)的全剖 管。对于内径等于或大于 76mm(3 in.)的管件,应该沿管子周向切割 76mm 长, 纵向 25.4mm 宽的试件。 5.6 片材,棒条和管件的试验样品必须进行机械打磨或修剪以确保边缘无裂缝。 切割边应该用 0 号或更细的砂纸或金刚砂布磨平。在进行电锯,机械或砂纸操作 时,应尽量放慢速度以防材料变热。 注 2—如果样品截取时或因机械操作造成表面的油污,应该用沾有汽油的湿布擦 洗油污并用干布擦净,然后在空气中放置 2 小时,使汽油充分挥发。如果汽油会 影响到塑料,那么就使用其他能够在 2 小时内挥发净的合适的溶剂或清洗剂。 5.7 下表中列出的各种样品的尺寸的测量应该精确到 0.025mm(0.001 in.)。其 它未列出的尺寸精确到 0.8mm(±1⁄ 32 in.)。 样品类型 铸模盘 片材 棒条 管件 应该精确到 0.025mm(0.001 in.)的尺寸 厚度 厚度 长度和直径 内径,外径和壁厚
无纺布检测报告

无纺布检测报告1. 引言本报告旨在对无纺布进行检测分析,评估其质量和性能指标。
无纺布作为一种新型的纺织材料,由于其具有良好的透气性、耐撕裂性以及可塑性等优点,广泛应用于医疗卫生、家居用品、工业防护等领域。
针对无纺布的差异化需求,检测分析能够为生产商提供指导,确保产品的质量和可靠性。
2. 质量指标检测2.1. 物理性能测试2.1.1. 厚度测量使用标准厚度计,按照ISO标准对无纺布的厚度进行测量。
在选择样品时,应确保样品的代表性,以尽可能减小误差。
2.1.2. 重量测量采用天平测量无纺布的重量。
首先将天平校准,然后将样品放置于天平盘中,记录稳定的质量数值。
2.1.3. 拉伸强度测试使用万能材料测试机,按照ASTM、ISO等国际标准,对无纺布的拉伸强度进行测试。
测试时,需固定样本的两端,并逐渐增加加载,直至样本破裂。
记录破裂前的最大载荷。
2.1.4. 断裂伸长率测试在拉伸强度测试过程中,记录样本断裂前的伸长率。
通过对断裂伸长率的测试,可以评估无纺布的柔韧性和延展性。
2.2. 化学性能测试2.2.1. pH值测定使用pH计对无纺布材料的pH值进行测定。
首先,将无纺布样品与水充分混合,待稳定后进行测量。
根据测量结果,评估无纺布材料的酸碱性质。
2.2.2. 吸湿性测试根据ASTM标准,对无纺布材料的吸湿性进行测试。
将适量的水滴在样本表面,并记录所吸收的水分量。
根据吸湿性的测试结果,评估无纺布的透气性能。
2.2.3. 抗菌性能测试采用菌落计数法,对无纺布样品进行抗菌性能的测试。
选取一定数量的细菌接种于样品表面,经过一定的时间后,对细菌的活性进行检测。
通过比较实验前后细菌数量的变化,评估无纺布的抗菌效果。
2.3. 外观检测2.3.1. 颜色测定使用色差仪对无纺布的颜色进行测定。
将仪器放置在无纺布表面,记录仪器所显示的色差数值。
通过与标准值进行比较,评估无纺布样品的颜色偏差程度。
2.3.2. 表面平整度检测观察无纺布样品的表面平整度,包括表面是否有晶点、断丝、起毛等问题。
ASTM D665101 无纺布吸水速率测试方法

无纺布吸水速率和容水能力的测试标准——ASTM D6651-011、范围1.1包括织物面料的吸收速率测试1.2包括所有用作除尘抹布材料1.3测试的单位用英寸2、相关文件ASTM标准: D123 关于织物的相关术语3、术语3.1定义3.1.1 外在吸收速率:n——在特定条件下,每单位面积的织物吸收的液体速率。
外在吸收能力是指单位面积吸收液体的体积,内在吸收能力是用于描述单位质量吸收液体的体积。
3.1.2 内在吸收速率:n——在特定条件下,每单位质量的织物吸收的液体速率。
3.1.3 吸收:n——液体分子通过吸收或吸附、或两者同时作用在织物中转移的速率。
3.1.4 吸收能力:在特定条件下,织物的吸收或吸附液体的最大量。
3.1.5 抹布:织物样品用于保持室内清洁、尘埃和污渍的去处。
4、测试方法概括4.1一堆已知质量和半径的抹布材料方形物,在表面上热稳定性控制液体的容器。
要求被湿。
吸收速率通过抹布计算处理。
5、重点和应用无译6、试剂与仪器6.1 天平,灵敏度至少0.01g。
6.2 水槽,热稳定控制在25±1℃,面积至少400mm×300mm,湿抹布样品能放下,深度必须达到液体表面25mm。
6.3 液体通常用水,除非特殊使用才用其它溶剂。
6.4 测试尺子为金属材料,刻度为1mm。
6.5 秒表,数显电子,刻度0.01s。
6.6 压力裁断刀,同等于7.3中测试样品大小。
6.7 用刀7、测试样品和制样7.1 主要样品单位——考虑卷的、螺旋的预包封的织物是主要样品单位。
7.2 实验室样品材料——如果样品长度或宽度不够,用完整的尺寸来做成样品。
7.3 测试样品的尺寸——将样品材料做成正方形或长方形的布料样条,样条面积至少25600mm2,小于64500 mm2,也就是小于160mm宽,250mm长。
7.3.1 无论如何,样品长宽比不能大于2:1.注:超出大小范围限制后,会得到错误的结果。
7.4 测试样品堆的数量,是多个的。
拖把无纺布检验标准

拖把无纺布检验标准
1. 引言
本文档旨在制定拖把无纺布的检验标准,以确保产品质量并满足市场需求。
拖把无纺布是一种常用于家庭清洁的材料,其质量直接影响到产品的使用寿命和清洁效果。
2. 检验项目
2.1 外观质量检验
2.2 尺寸偏差检验
2.3 强力测试
2.4 吸水性能测试
2.5 耐磨性测试
3. 检验方法
3.1 外观质量检验方法:检查无纺布表面是否有明显的污渍、破损、嵌线等缺陷。
3.2 尺寸偏差检验方法:测量拖把无纺布的长、宽、厚度,与标准数值进行比较。
3.3 强力测试方法:使用力计对拖把无纺布进行拉伸测试,记
录其断裂点。
3.4 吸水性能测试方法:将拖把无纺布放入水中浸泡,测量其
吸水量和吸水速度。
3.5 耐磨性测试方法:使用专用磨损仪器对拖把无纺布进行耐
磨性测试。
4. 检验标准
4.1 外观质量检验标准:无纺布表面不得有明显的污渍、破损、嵌线等缺陷。
4.2 尺寸偏差检验标准:拖把无纺布尺寸偏差应在标准数值范
围内。
4.3 强力测试标准:拖把无纺布的断裂强度应达到标准数值。
4.4 吸水性能测试标准:拖把无纺布的吸水量和吸水速度应满
足标准要求。
4.5 耐磨性测试标准:拖把无纺布的耐磨性应达到标准数值。
5. 检验报告
每批拖把无纺布都应进行全面检测,并填写相应的检验报告。
报告中应包含检验项目、检验结果和是否合格的判定。
6. 结论
制定拖把无纺布的检验标准有助于确保产品质量和安全性。
通过严格执行这些标准,可以提高拖把无纺布的市场竞争力,并满足消费者的需求。
ASTM_D570_2005-吸水率测试

DISO62is technically equivalent to this test method.2.Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:D647Practice for Design of Molds for Test Specimens of Plastic Molding Materials22.2ISO Standard:ISO62Plastics—Determination of Water Absorption33.Significance and Use3.1This test method for rate of water absorption has two chief functions:first,as a guide to the proportion of water absorbed by a material and consequently,in those cases where the relationships between moisture and electrical or mechanical properties,dimensions,or appearance have been determined, as a guide to the effects of exposure to water or humid conditions on such properties;and second,as a control test on the uniformity of a product.This second function is particu-larly applicable to sheet,rod,and tube arms when the test is made on thefinished product.3.2Comparison of water absorption values of various plas-tics can be made on the basis of values obtained in accordance with7.1and7.4.3.3Ideal diffusion of liquids4into polymers is a function of the square root of immersion time.Time to saturation is strongly dependent on specimen thickness.For example,Table 1shows the time to approximate time saturation for various thickness of nylon-6.3.4The moisture content of a plastic is very intimately related to such properties as electrical insulation resistance, dielectric losses,mechanical strength,appearance,and dimen-sions.The effect upon these properties of change in moisture content due to water absorption depends largely on the type of exposure(by immersion in water or by exposure to high humidity),shape of the part,and inherent properties of the plastic.With nonhomogeneous materials,such as laminated forms,the rate of water absorption may be widely different through each edge and surface.Even for otherwise homoge-neous materials,it may be slightly greater through cut edges than through molded surfaces.Consequently,attempts to correlate water absorption with the surface area must generally be limited to closely related materials and to similarly shaped specimens:For materials of widely varying density,relation between water-absorption values on a volume as well as a weight basis may need to be considered.4.Apparatus4.1Balance—An analytical balance capable of reading 0.0001g.4.2Oven,capable of maintaining uniform temperatures of 5063°C[12265.4°F]and of105to110°C[221to230°F].5.Test Specimen5.1The test specimen for molded plastics shall be in the form of a disk50.8mm[2in.]in diameter and3.2mm[1⁄8in.] in thickness(see Note2).Permissible variations in thickness are60.18mm[60.007in.]for hot-molded and60.30mm [60.012in.]for cold-molded or cast materials.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.50on Durability of Plastics.Current edition approved Nov.1,2005.Published January2006.Originally approved st previous edition approved in1998as D570-98.2Withdrawn.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25W.43rd St., 4th Floor,New York,NY10036.4Additional information regarding diffusion of liquids in polymers can be found in the following references:(1)Diffusion,Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems,E.L.Cussler,Cambridge University Press,1985,ISBN0-521-29846-6,(2)Diffusion in Polymers,J.Crank and G.S.Park,Academic Press,1968,and(3)“Permeation, Diffusion,and Sorption of Gases and Vapors,”R.M.Felder and G.S.Huvard,in Methods of Experimental Physics,V ol16C,1980,Academic Press.1Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.N OTE 2—The disk mold prescribed in the Molds for Disk Test Specimens Section of Practice D 647is suitable for molding disk test specimens of thermosetting materials but not thermoplastic materials.5.2ISO Standard Specimen —The test specimen for homo-geneous plastics shall be 60by 60by 1mm.Tolerance for the 60-mm dimension is 62mm and 60.05mm for the 1-mm thickness.This test method and ISO 62are technically equiva-lent when the test specimen described in 5.2is used.5.3The test specimen for sheets shall be in the form of a bar 76.2mm [3in.]long by 25.4mm [1in.]wide by the thickness of the material.When comparison of absorption values with molded plastics is desired,specimens 3.2-mm [1⁄8-in.]thick should be used.Permissible variations in thickness shall be 0.20mm [60.008in.]except for materials which have greater standard commercial tolerances.5.4The test specimen for rods shall be 25.4-mm [1-in.]long for rods 25.4mm in diameter or under and 12.7-mm [1⁄2-in.]long for larger-diameter rods.The diameter of the specimen shall be the diameter of the finished rod.5.5The test specimen for tubes less than 76mm [3in.]in inside diameter shall be the full section of the tube and 25.4-mm [1-in.]long.For tubes 76mm [3in.]or more in inside diameter,a rectangular specimen shall be cut 76mm in length in the circumferential direction of the tube and 25.4mm in width lengthwise of the tube.5.6The test specimens for sheets,rods,and tubes shall be machined,sawed,or sheared from the sample so as to have smooth edges free from cracks.The cut edges shall be made smooth by finishing with No.0or finer sandpaper or emery cloth.Sawing,machining,and sandpapering operations shall be slow enough so that the material is not heated appreciably.N OTE 3—If there is any oil on the surface of the specimen when received or as a result of machining operations,wash the specimen with a cloth wet with gasoline to remove oil,wipe with a dry cloth,and allow to stand in air for 2h to permit evaporation of the gasoline.If gasoline attacks the plastic,use some suitable solvent or detergent that will evaporate within the 2-h period.5.7The dimensions listed in the following table for the various specimens shall be measured to the nearest 0.025mm [0.001in.].Dimensions not listed shall be measured within 0.8mm [61⁄32in.].Type of Specimen Dimensions to Be Measured to the Nearest 0.025mm [0.001in.]Molded disk thickness Sheet thicknessRod length and diameterTubeinside and outside diameter,and wall thickness6.Conditioning6.1Three specimens shall be conditioned as follows:6.1.1Specimens of materials whose water-absorption value would be appreciably affected by temperatures in the neigh-borhood of 110°C [230°F],shall be dried in an oven for 24h at 5063°C [12265.4°F],cooled in a desiccator,and imme-diately weighed to the nearest 0.001g.N OTE 4—If a static charge interferes with the weighing,lightly rub the surface of the specimens with a grounded conductor.6.1.2Specimens of materials,such as phenolic laminated plastics and other products whose water-absorption value has been shown not to be appreciably affected by temperatures up to 110°C [230°F],shall be dried in an oven for 1h at 105to 110°C [221to 230°F].6.1.3When data for comparison with absorption values for other plastics are desired,the specimens shall be dried in an oven for 24h at 5063°C [12265.4°F],cooled in a desic-cator,and immediately weighed to the nearest 0.001g.7.Procedure7.1Twenty-Four Hour Immersion —The conditioned speci-mens shall be placed in a container of distilled water main-tained at a temperature of 2361°C [73.461.8°F],and shall rest on edge and be entirely immersed.At the end of 24,+1⁄2,−0h,the specimens shall be removed from the water one at a time,all surface water wiped off with a dry cloth,and weighed to the nearest 0.001g immediately.If the specimen is 1⁄16in.or less in thickness,it shall be put in a weighing bottle immedi-ately after wiping and weighed in the bottle.7.2Two-Hour Immersion —For all thicknesses of materials having a relatively high rate of absorption,and for thin specimens of other materials which may show a significant weight increase in 2h,the specimens shall be tested as described in 7.1except that the time of immersion shall be reduced to 12064min.7.3Repeated Immersion —A specimen may be weighed to the nearest 0.001g after 2-h immersion,replaced in the water,and weighed again after 24h.N OTE 5—In using this test method the amount of water absorbed in 24h may be less than it would have been had the immersion not been interrupted.7.4Long-Term Immersion —To determine the total water absorbed when substantially saturated,the conditioned speci-mens shall be tested as described in 7.1except that at the end of 24h they shall be removed from the water,wiped free of surface moisture with a dry cloth,weighed to the nearest 0.001g immediately,and then replaced in the water.The weighings shall be repeated at the end of the first week and every two weeks thereafter until the increase in weight per two-week period,as shown by three consecutive weighings,averages less than 1%of the total increase in weight or 5mg,whichever is greater;the specimen shall then be considered substantially saturated.The difference between the substantially saturated weight and the dry weight shall be considered as the water absorbed when substantially saturated.7.5Two-Hour Boiling Water Immersion —The conditioned specimens shall be placed in a container of boiling distilled water,and shall be supported on edge and be entirely im-mersed.At the end of 12064min,the specimens shall be removed from the water and cooled in distilled water main-tained at room temperature.After 1561min,the specimens shall be removed from the water,one at a time,all surfaceTABLE 1Time to Saturation for Various Thickness of Nylon-6Thickness,mmTypical Time to 95%Saturation,h110024003.2100010100002562000water removed with a dry cloth,and the specimens weighed to the nearest0.001g immediately.If the specimen is1⁄16in.or less in thickness,it shall be weighed in a weighing bottle. 7.6One-Half-Hour Boiling Water Immersion—For all thicknesses of materials having a relatively high rate of absorption and for thin specimens of other materials which may show a significant weight increase in1⁄2h,the specimens shall be tested as described in7.5,except that the time of immersion shall be reduced to3061min.7.7Immersion at50°C—The conditioned specimens shall be tested as described in7.5,except that the time and temperature of immersion shall be4861h and5061°C [122.061.8°F],respectively,and cooling in water before weighing shall be omitted.7.8When data for comparison with absorption values for other plastics are desired,the24-h immersion procedure described in7.1and the equilibrium value determined in7.4 shall be used.8.Reconditioning8.1When materials are known or suspected to contain any appreciable amount of water-soluble ingredients,the speci-mens,after immersion,shall be weighed,and then recondi-tioned for the same time and temperature as used in the original drying period.They shall then be cooled in a desiccator and immediately reweighed.If the reconditioned weight is lower than the conditioned weight,the difference shall be considered as water-soluble matter lost during the immersion test.For such materials,the water-absorption value shall be taken as the sum of the increase in weight on immersion and of the weight of the water-soluble matter.9.Calculation and Report9.1The report shall include the values for each specimen and the average for the three specimens as follows:9.1.1Dimensions of the specimens before test,measured in accordance with5.6,and reported to the nearest0.025mm [0.001in.],9.1.2Conditioning time and temperature,9.1.3Immersion procedure used,9.1.4Time of immersion(long-term immersion procedure only),9.1.5Percentage increase in weight during immersion,cal-culated to the nearest0.01%as follows:Increase in weight,%5wet weight2conditioned weightconditioned weight31009.1.6Percentage of soluble matter lost during immersion,ifdetermined,calculated to the nearest0.01%as follows(seeNote6):Soluble matter lost,%5conditioned weight2reconditioned weightconditioned weight3100N OTE6—When the weight on reconditioning the specimen after im-mersion in water exceeds the conditioned weight prior to immersion,report“none”under9.1.6.9.1.7For long-term immersion procedure only,prepare agraph of the increase in weight as a function of the square rootof each immersion time.The initial slope of this graph isproportional to the diffusion constant of water in the plastic.The plateau region with little or no change in weight as afunction of the square root of immersion time represents thesaturation water content of the plastic.N OTE7—Deviation from the initial slope and plateau model indicatesthat simple diffusion may be a poor model for determining water content.In such cases,additional studies are suggested to determine a better modelfor water absorption.9.1.8The percentage of water absorbed,which is the sum ofthe values in9.1.5and9.1.6,and9.1.9Any observations as to warping,cracking,or changein appearance of the specimens.10.Precision and Bias510.1Precision—An interlaboratory test program was car-ried out using the procedure outlined in7.1,involving threelaboratories and three materials.Analysis of this data yields thefollowing coefficients of variation(average of three replicates).WithinLaboratoriesBetweenLaboratoriesAverage absorption above1%(2materials)2.33% 4.89%Average absorption below0.2%(1material)9.01%16.63%N OTE8—A round robin is currently under way to more completelydetermine repeatability and reproducibility of this test method.10.2Bias—No justifiable statement on the bias of this testmethod can be made,since the true value of the propertycannot be established by an accepted referee method.11.Keywords11.1absorption;immersion;plastics;water5Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters.Request RR:D20-1064.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyfive years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website ().。
ASTMD无纺布吸水速率测试方法

ASTMD无纺布吸水速率测试方法
引言:
试验目的:
该试验方法的目的是通过测量材料吸水速率来确定无纺布材料的吸水性能。
吸水速率是指材料在与水接触时吸收水分所需的时间。
该试验方法可以用于不同类型和厚度的无纺布材料。
设备和材料:
1. 液体博士速度动力计(Liquid Sorption Tester)
2.适当的容器和装置,用于浸泡样品
3.无纺布样品
4.注射器或滴管,用于向液体博士速度动力计注入液体
5.温度计,用于测量试验室温度
6.过滤设备,用于筛选出任何可能影响试验结果的固体颗粒
试验步骤:
1.确定试验室温度,并将液体博士速度动力计校准到该温度。
2.将液体博士速度动力计的读数记录为初始读数。
3.准备一个适当的容器,其容积足够大以完全浸泡整个无纺布样品。
4.使用注射器或滴管向液体博士速度动力计注入足够的液体,将其上升到特定高度。
注入的液体量应根据无纺布样品的厚度来确定。
确保液体不会溢出,并准备好记录注射的液体量。
5.将无纺布样品放入容器中,使其完全浸泡在液体中。
6.立即启动液体博士速度动力计,并记录时间。
7.观察液体博士速度动力计读数的变化,直到其达到稳定状态。
8.停止液体博士速度动力计,并记录读数作为最终读数。
9.计算吸水速率,即从初始读数到最终读数所经过的时间。
计算和报告:
根据试验步骤中记录的时间数据,计算无纺布样品吸水速率。
吸水速率可以通过将无纺布样品吸水所经过的时间除以样品的厚度来计算。
报告结果应包括试验温度,每个样品的试验条件和结果。
总结:。
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无纺布吸水速率和容水能力的测试标准
——ASTM D6651-01
1、范围
1.1包括织物面料的吸收速率测试
1.2包括所有用作除尘抹布材料
1.3测试的单位用英寸
2、相关文件
ASTM标准: D123 关于织物的相关术语
3、术语
3.1定义
3.1.1 外在吸收速率:n——在特定条件下,每单位面积的织物吸收的液体速率。
3.1.1.1 外在吸收能力是指单位面积吸收液体的体积,内在吸收能力是用于描述单位质量
吸收液体的体积。
3.1.2 内在吸收速率:n——在特定条件下,每单位质量的织物吸收的液体速率。
3.1.3 吸收:n——液体分子通过吸收或吸附、或两者同时作用在织物中转移的速率。
3.1.4 吸收能力:在特定条件下,织物的吸收或吸附液体的最大量。
3.1.5 抹布:织物样品用于保持室内清洁、尘埃和污渍的去处。
4、测试方法概括
4.1一堆已知质量和半径的抹布材料方形物,在表面上热稳定性控制液体的容器。
要求
被湿。
吸收速率通过抹布计算处理。
5、重点和应用
无译
6、试剂与仪器
6.1 天平,灵敏度至少0.01g。
6.2 水槽,热稳定控制在25±1℃,面积至少400mm×300mm,湿抹布样品能放下,深
度必须达到液体表面25mm。
6.3 液体通常用水,除非特殊使用才用其它溶剂。
6.4 测试尺子为金属材料,刻度为1mm。
6.5 秒表,数显电子,刻度0.01s。
6.6 压力裁断刀,同等于
7.3中测试样品大小。
6.7 用刀
7、测试样品和制样
7.1 主要样品单位——考虑卷的、螺旋的预包封的织物是主要样品单位。
7.2 实验室样品材料——如果样品长度或宽度不够,用完整的尺寸来做成样品。
7.3 测试样品的尺寸——将样品材料做成正方形或长方形的布料样条,样条面积至少
25600mm2,小于64500 mm2,也就是小于160mm宽,250mm长。
7.3.1 无论如何,样品长宽比不能大于2:1.
注:超出大小范围限制后,会得到错误的结果。
7.4 测试样品堆的数量,是多个的。
至少要准备两个样品,一个样品需要10织物层,或
这两个样品更少用5层,更多用15层。
这是为了以便确定在吸收速率上每一个织物层的独立性。
7.4.1 预包覆抹布样品规格为229mm×229mm,在这种情况下,使用整个织物做为样品。
7.5样品测试准备——选择测试样品
7.5.1 对于一个包装好的抹布,通常为229mm ×229mm (9×9)——打开包装。
选择织物的样品,以满足提供每一个测试样品所需要的层数。
使用整个织物做为测试的样品。
7.5.2 对于卷或螺旋的样品,使用特殊的刀,剪下合适数量的料,长宽平均300mm ×300mm ,深度大于25mm ,以提供合适的数量的样品层。
用压力裁断刀裁切样品符合7.3和7.4的规格要求。
8、 没有特殊的条件要求,除非需要特殊的材料。
9、 测试前的准备
9.1 天平校正
9.2 测试液体的稳定性,且深度要至少25mm 。
9.3 如果测试槽中的液体表面有气泡和泡沫,说明液体被表面活性剂污染,需要立即更换液体,并保持合适的温度。
10、测试过程
10.1 测量和记录每一个样品(10层至少1mm )的宽度和长度。
10.2 在天平上称量样品的质量,并记录为M d ,精确到0.01g 。
10.3 轻轻地将样品水平放置在液体表面,连续的吸液同时开始计时。
10.3.1 保证样品是平整的,至少在凹面或是凸面将提供空气流畅的效果。
10.4 当所有的干燥织物面都已经消失,停止计时,记录时间t n ,精确到0.01s 。
10.5 用夹子将织物抓起,跟水平有一定的小角度,使得液体从低边角流出。
10.6 样品滴出液(10.5)体保证60±2s 。
10.7 将湿样品(10层)在天平上称量,精确到0.01g ,记录为m w 。
10.8 按10.1—10.7的方法测试第二块样品,让样品的上下底反转。
10.9 继续按10.1—10.8的方法测试最大层数为15的样品。
10.10继续按10.1—10.8的方法测试最小层数为5的样品。
10.11 通过比较十层样品与更高或更低层数样品之间每层的吸液速率来评估吸收速率,比如,十层纸平均测试两次,完全浸湿的时间和5层一样,就没有层数独立性。
但是,如果不同层的每一层速率差异超过15%,然后有可能层数跟每层吸收速率直接弹11.3来测定。
11、计算
]/[W L n m b d w ⨯⨯= (1)
]/[]/)[(W L n D m m A d w e ⨯⨯-= (2)
w e i b A A /= (3)
n b w e t W L D m m R /]/[]/)[(⨯-= (4)
w e i b R R /= (5)
在这里:
N —— 测试样品的层数
bw —— 基本质量(每单位面积的质量),g/m 2
Ae —— 外在吸收能力,mL/m 2
Ai —— 内在吸收能力,mL/g
Re —— 外在吸收速率,mL/m 2/s
Ri ——内在吸收速率,mL/g/s
D ——液体密度(如水,25℃下0.997 g / mL)
L ——样品的长度,m
W ——样品的宽度,m
mw ——湿后测试样品的重量,g
md ——湿前测试样品的重量,g
tn ——样品湿完所需要的时间,s
11.3 对于样品显示一种层数数量的独立性,以吸收速率对层数作图,通过曲线推断一层的吸收速率。