2011新托福口语满分模板
2011年新托福口语满分模板
新托福⼝语模板是⼤家在准备托福⼝语考试的过程中最重要的⼀个准备过程。
下⾯的2011年新托福⼝语满分模板包括了托福⼝语考试的六道题，⽽且都是从结构上给⼤家⼀个提⽰，⾮常实⽤。
2011托福⼝语满分模板 Q1 Personally, I would like to say that my favorite is … And there are a couple of reasons to name. The most important thing is that… What’s more… So that’s why Q2 Well, in my opinion, I would definitely agree with the point that… The first reason I want to say is that… More importantly… So, that’s why I choose… for the two reasons listed above Personally speaking, I prefer… for several reasons. I think … is more appropriate for… for several reasons. Firstly, … Besides, in my experience Bur probably the most important reason for my preference is that… In a word, that’s the reason of my preference./ that’s why my preference is… I think it is important to … For one thing, …. By doing… Another thing is the advantage of… As for… I agree that, but unless…, … Q3 The school has implemented a new policy that… due to… And the woman/man holds a positive/negative view towards the announcement. The first reason s/he gives is that… And the second one is based on the fact that… In the reading material, there is a/an announcement/message/notice/proposal about … The university/college is going to… In the listening material, two students discuss about the… The man/woman is against/supporting the… He or she feels unhappy/less satisfied about… thinks the… is unfair/inconvenient/unaffordable for the following reasons: Firstly, he thinks/says… Also, he points out that… In addition, in his opinion, … Q4 In the lecture, the professor mainly talked about the theory that… To reinforce the theory, the professor gave two reasons/examples in his speech. The first one is that… The other one is that… And that’s the two reasons/ examples the speaker presented to explain his idea. TYPE 1： The reading passage: definition Listening passage: examples, study, research 模版： The reading passage gives the definition of…, which is… In the lecture, the professor goes on to demonstrate it by introducing some researches/examples/ experiments. The first is… This research proved that… The second is… (Additional investigations also showed that) TYPE 2: The reading passage: the phenomenon / the problem/the process /some functions/some features Listening passage: research, analysis... 模版： The reading passage describes the phenomenon / the problem/the process /some functions/some features of… XXX is… (定义的内容) In the listening passage, the professor continues to demonstrates it by introducing some researches /analyses The first is… The second is… TYPE 3: The reading passage: a conception held by/the principle/ the application/the cause/the effect Listening passage: specific aspects 模版： The reading passage introduces a conception held by/the principle/ the application/the cause/the effect In the listening passage, the professor describes several specific aspects of… Firstly,… Secondly,… Q5 (10”problem+17”each solution+10”choice &why) In the conversation, the woman’s problem is that… is having a hard time dealing with the problem that... The man comes up with 2/3 solutions to her problem. offers her 2/3 possible solutions. At first, he suggests that she do…. However, she’s concerned that… His other recommendation is to…, while in the woman’s opinion … Besides, the man thinks it is reasonable to…, while the situation is that… From my point of view, I think the second choice is preferable because…/ for the following reasons: If it were my choice, I would choose the former/latter one, because… The woman is trying to decide…/ figure out… what to do with… and her friend makes a couple of suggestions/ recommendations. He encourages her to…. The advantage of this method is… The other idea is to… I think she should go with the second idea because… Q6 (15”theory+20”each example) In the lecture, the professor provides two examples to illustrate the theory/phenomenon that… The first one is that… Another example is that… And that’s the two examples the professor presented to explain the theory/phenomenon. In the lecture, the professor discusses … in several points/aspects. Firstly, he points that…. For instance, … Secondly, he mentions that and he shows some data/research about Finally, he states that According to the lecture, there are two major criteria for… First, she mentions, and I’m quoting here,… Point out, present, describe, state, mention, discuss, provide, demonstrate, introduce, give (example)…以上是⽆忧考⼩编整理的2011年新托福⼝语满分模板，恭祝⼤家考试顺利通过！。
托福口语模板
托福口语模板模板1-个人经历分享Introduction- Introduce the topic briefly- State whether you agree or disagree with the speaker's opinion Main Points- Share a personal experience related to the topic- Provide specific details and examples to support your experience - Explain how your experience aligns with or contradicts the speaker's opinionConclusion- Summarize your experience briefly- Restate your opinion on the topicSample response:Introduction:The speaker discusses the importance of group work in academic settings. Although I agree that working in groups can be beneficial, my own experience has shown me that individual work can also lead to success.Main Points:To exemplify, during my undergraduate studies, I had a group project that required us to create a business plan. Our group consisted of five members, and we were all assigned different sections to work on. However, some group members were not committed and did not contribute as expected. This lack ofdedication led to delays and weakened the overall quality of our final presentation.On the other hand, I had another assignment in which I worked individually. It was a research paper that required extensive readings and analysis. Although it was challenging to manage the workload alone, I was able to go at my own pace and follow my own research interests. The outcome was a research paper that I was proud of and received an excellent grade on.Contradicting the speaker's opinion, my experience showcases that individual work can lead to success as well. It allows for better time management and enables students to take full responsibility for their work. Moreover, individual work promotes self-learning and research skills that are essential for success in the long run. Conclusion:In conclusion, although group work has its merits, individual work can also lead to success. Based on my personal experiences, individual work encourages self-motivation, independent learning, and better time management. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize the value of both individual and group work in academic settings.。
2011托福口语万能模板（六套）
[导读]2011托福⼝语万能模板(六套)准备托福⼝语万能模板是很多朋友攻克新托福考试⼝语的秘密武器，下⾯是六套2011托福⼝语万能模板的总结，希望对⼤家的2011年新托福备考有所帮助。
2011托福⼝语万能模板(六套) 2011托福⼝语万能模板：Task 1 Personally， I would have to say that， um， the person that I admire most / a valuable possession I want to talk about / the place I would most like to go is______________。
And there are a couple of reasons to name. The most important thing is that， you know，____________________.What’s more， ____________________. So that’s why ____________________。
2011托福⼝语万能模板：Task 2 Well， in my opinion， I would definitely agree with the point that， um，____________________.The first reason that I wanna say is that____________________. More importantly，____________________. So， uh， that’s why I choose ____________________ for the two reasons listed above。
2011托福⼝语万能模板：Task 3 The school has implemented a new policy that________________due to____________________。
TOEFL口语高分模板
第一题出题范围主题一：地点类（1）首先描述一下这个地方：Park, located in our school, the largest park in the province/my room, big, book shelf, computer, TV, running machine（2）喜欢的理由：Relax: with family or friends, enjoy the beauty of the park, enjoy the sunset at nightfall/place to relax myself, listening to some music, surfing the internet, watching movies on the computerExercise: jogging around the park in the morning or evening/place to do some exercise, run in the running machine in my room to keep fit and healthyStudy: place that I study, doing some reading, have many books from history books to business magazinesWell, to me, I often go to the park with my friends. The park is located in our school, and it’s the largest park in our province. The reasons why I like this place is as follows: Firstly,there are lots of entertainment facilities for relaxation, I can have a good time with my friends. The second reason is that it’s a quiet and beautiful place. I can walk with my friends around the park while sharing my happiness and sadness with them.Finally, we can jog around the park in the morning or eveningtogether. I quite enjoy these activities.My room is my favorite place. It is very big, about 50 square meters. I have my book shelf , my computer and even a running machine in my room. The reasons why I like this place is as follows: Firstly,it’s a wonderful place for me to do some reading. I have many books from history books to business magazines. The second reason is that it’s a good place to relax myself. I can do a great deal of things for entertainment like listening to some music, surfing the internet, and watching movies on my computer. Finally, it’s a place for me to do some exercise. I can run in the running machine in my room to keep fit and healthy.主题二：事情或活动类（1）d escribe the most important decision/momentWell, to me, the most important decision I have made in my life is choosing the university I want to attend and the major I will take. The reasons why I regard it so important is as follows: Firstly,it’s the first totally independent decision I have ever made. Usually, my parent would like to make decisions for me for they always take it for granted that what they chose for me was the best. But this time, I insist on choosing my favorite university and major based on my own will and interest. The second reason it that a proper university and major will probably have a great influence on my further development.（2）描述自己印象最深的celebrationWell, to me, the most impressive celebration is the celebration for Chinese New Year Festival. The reasons why I regard it so impressive is as follows: Firstly, its’ time for family reunion. Every year during the festival, the whole family is gathering together to celebrate the coming of the new year. Usually, the whole family would enjoy a big dinner together while sharing happiness with family members. The second reason is that I can have a long vocation during the New Year Festival to do what I like: I can have a long trip to other places, I can visit friends who haven’t met for a long time, and so on.主题三：人物类（1）d escribe a family member/close friend/neighborThe person I want to describe is my dad. My dad has a great deal of good qualities worth my learning. Firstly, he’s a man with a good sense of humor. You would feel happy when you get along with a man with a sense of humor, and I never feel boring when I stay with him. The second reason is that he is a hard-working man. Once he decided to do something, he is surely to try his best. That’s why people are always willing to work with him. He has been awarded one of the best employees of his company for consecutive several years. But he never satisfies with these and always tries to do better for the company.主题四：物体类（一）D escribe an object1.Describe means of transportCarThe automobile is my favorite transportation. The reasons why I like it is as follows: Firstly,a car makes my life more convenient. I can drive to almost every corner of the city. And it saves me a lot of time for me to drive to work, because my home is far away from my work place. The second reason it that I can take my friends and families to other cities for a trip. It’s a good way for relaxation and entertainment, it can also enhance the relationship between me and my families and friends. That’s why car is important to me.2.Describe an important gift/something expensive you want to buy同上3.你认为最有用的书/杂志，小说，诗歌，喜欢哪个Well, to me, I would prefer the magazine. Time magazine is my favorite. The reasons why I like this magazine is as follows: Firstly, it can keep me informed of the latest information in the world. For example, a fashion article can tell the most popular clothes in the summer. An article about car will inform me of the latest cars manufactured by the companies all around the world. The second reason it that it can be a kind of entertainment for me. Usually, I will bring one or two magazines with me to the park, enjoying the sunshine and the latest information.（二）D escribe events/experiences1.Describe an exciting periodWell, to me, the most important decision I have make in my life is choosing the university I want to attend and the major I will take. The reasons why I regard it important is as follows: Firstly, it’s the first totally independent decision I have ever made. Usually, my parent would like to make decision for me for they always take it for granted that what they chose for me was the best. But that time, I insist on choosing my favorite university and major based on my own will and interest. The second reason it that a right university and major will probably have a significant influence on my further development.2.Describe the best party/holiday/a family eventWell, to me, the most impressive celebration is the celebration for Chinese New Year Festival. It’s a great time for the Chinese people to gather together and welcome the new year. The reasons why I regard it impressive is as follows: Firstly, its’ time for the family union. Every year during the festival, the whole family is gathering together to celebrate the coming of a new year. Usually, the whole family would enjoy a big dinner together sharing the happiness with family members. The second reason is that I can have a long vocation during the New Year Festival for me to do what I like: I can have a long trip to other places, I can visit friends who haven’t met for a long time, and so on.第三题In this reading material, there is a message/notice/announcement about ***（填入记下的关键词）The university/college is going to ***In this listening material, two students are discussing about the ***（填入关键词）The man/woman is against/supporting the ***, he/she thinks the *** is unfair/inconvenient/unaffordable for the following reasons: first, he/she thinks/says *** Also, he/she points out that ***第四题The reading passage: the phenomenon/the problem/the process/some functions/some featuresListening passage: research, analysis…模板：The reading passage describes the phenomenon/the problem/the process/some functions/some features that （关键的抽象词）*** is……（定义的内容）In the listening passage, the professor goes on to demonstrates it by introducing some researches/analysesThe first is……The second is…….第五题模板：In the conversation, the man/woman has a problem with his/her schedule/report/essay/study （听的时候判断具体是哪方面的问题）He /she couldn’t get/check out/afford ***（问题具体化）He/she needs to ***The man/woman/professor/officer gives him/her two solutions/options. The first solution/options is （概括，不用具体化）Another suggestion the man/woman/professor/officer gives is （概括，不用具体化）And I think the second choice is preferable for the following reasons: （自己的建议）First, the man may confront the same problem in the future, it’s better for him to handle it now and gain some helpful experiences. （Also, I have once faced the same situation as the woman does, and I ***）第六题In the lecture, the professor discusses/argues/demonstrates *** in several points/aspectsFirst, he says that *** and he gives an example of ***Second, he mentions that *** and he shows some data/researchesabout ***Finally, he discusses that ***。
托福口语高分模板标准通用
托福口语高分模板标准通用
托福口语部分正式考试，其中一项是口语任务二，需要根据给定话题发表1-2分钟的个人看法。
为了得到高分，学生需要遵循一些标准和通用口语模板来准备这项任务。
本文提供一些标准和通用的托福口语高分模板。
Task 2 高分模板
Task 2 是一项独立任务，考生需要在两份任务的描述中选择一份进行回答。
它的标准和通用模板如下：
题目描述：
模板：
1. 开头：
- I would like to talk about … (介绍被钦佩的人/地方/物品)
- The person/place/thing that I admire the most is … (介绍被钦佩的人/地方/物品)
2. 主体：
3. 结尾：
- So, this is why I really admire … (再次说明钦佩的对象)
- In conclusion, … (总结所述之点)
示例：
1. 郭台铭
I would like to talk about Terry Gou. Terry Gou is a successful entrepreneur and the founder of the electronics manufacturer Foxconn. I really admire him for many reasons.
2. 纽约。
新托福口语模板4
新托福口语模板4〔托福〕口语task4的内容是学术讲座,所以很多中国考生觉得难度很大,不知道怎么答,得分点在哪里,分数自然也不会太高。
下面是我为您整理的关于新托福口语模板4，希望对你有所帮助。
新托福口语模板41. TOPIC SENTENCE： The professor talks about the theory that。
SUPPORTING DETAILS： He/she gives one/two examples to illustrate/explain such a point.(接下来陈述实验对象，实验过程，实验结果)。
2、(1)类型：The reading passage： definitionListening passage： examples， study， research 模版：The reading passagegives the definition of(关键的抽象词)。
XXX is(定义的内容)In the listening passage，the professor goes on todemonstrate it by introducing some researches / examples. This first is(最后一句注意挂钩)The second is(同样挂钩)(2)类型：The reading passage： the phenomenon / the problem/the process /somefunctions/some featuresListening passage： research， analysis.。
.模版：the reading passage describes the phenomenon / the problem/the process /somefunctions/some features(关键的抽象词)。
托福口语模板
托福口语模板自我介绍 (Self-introduction)大家好，我叫[你的名字]。
很高兴能够在这里和大家见面。
我来自[你的国家/城市]，目前是一名学生/职业。
我的爱好是[你的爱好]，平时喜欢读书、旅行等。
题目背景介绍 (Introduction to the topic)今天，我想和大家一起讨论关于[题目背景]的话题。
这是一个备受关注的问题，涉及到我们日常生活中的重要议题。
观点陈述 (Stating your opinion)就我个人而言，我认为[你的观点]。
这是因为...原因说明 (Elaborating on the reasons)首先，[原因一]。
在[具体情况或实例一]，可以清楚地看到[你的观点的好处]。
此外，[进一步解释]。
其次，[原因二]。
举个例子，[具体情况或实例二]。
这表明[你的观点的另一个优势]。
此外，[进一步解释]。
反面观点 (Opposing view)当然，我也理解一些人可能持有[反面观点]。
有人认为...对立观点反驳 (Refuting opposing views)然而，我认为这个观点存在一些问题。
首先，[反驳理由一]。
例如，[具体反驳情况或实例一]。
其次，[反驳理由二]。
举个例子，[具体反驳情况或实例二]。
总结陈述 (Summary statement)综上所述，考虑到[你观点的优势]和[对立观点的反驳]，我仍然坚持认为[你的观点]。
这将有助于[总结观点的好处]。
结束语 (Conclusion)感谢大家听我演讲。
希望通过今天的讨论，我们可以更深入地了解[题目背景]，并且对于这个问题有自己的看法。
托福考试口语范例
托福考试口语范例1. IntroductionIn the TOEFL exam, the speaking section assesses a candidate's ability to communicate effectively in English. This section is divided into six tasks, including independent and integrated speaking tasks. This article aims to provide some TOEFL speaking task examples along with sample responses to help test-takers understand the format and expectations of this section.2. Independent Speaking Task Examples2.1 Task 1: Favorite PlaceDescribe your favorite place to relax. Explain why you enjoy spending time there.Sample Response:One of my favorite places to relax is a small park near my house. It's a peaceful spot with beautiful trees, flowers, and a small pond. The calming ambiance allows me to escape from the daily hustle and bustle. I find solace in sitting on a bench, reading a book, and enjoying the fresh air.2.2 Task 2: Personal PreferenceDo you prefer studying alone or in a group? Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each.Sample Response:Personally, I prefer studying alone as it allows me to focus and concentrate without any distractions. When I study alone, I can set my ownpace and review difficult concepts without feeling rushed. However, studying in a group can be beneficial for discussion-based learning and exchanging ideas. Group study sessions provide opportunities for collaboration and clarifying doubts by engaging with peers.3. Integrated Speaking Task Examples3.1 Task 3: Campus AnnouncementThe university plans to build a new library. The students have two options: convert an existing building or construct a new one. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each option.Sample Response:Converting an existing building into a library has its advantages. Firstly, it can be a cost-effective option as it utilizes an existing structure. Secondly, the university would save time by not starting from scratch. However, constructing a new building allows for a customized design that can specifically cater to a library's requirements. Additionally, a new building can incorporate modern technologies and facilities, providing a better overall experience for the students.3.2 Task 4: Lecture SummarySummarize the main points of the lecture on climate change and its impact on the environment.Sample Response:The lecture discussed the adverse effects of climate change on the environment. The speaker emphasized that rising temperatures contribute tothe melting of polar ice caps, leading to the rise in sea levels. This, in turn, causes coastal flooding and threatens various ecosystems. Furthermore, changes in weather patterns result in more frequent and severe natural disasters like hurricanes and droughts. The lecture highlighted the urgent need for global cooperation to mitigate these risks and protect the planet.4. ConclusionThe TOEFL speaking section evaluates a candidate's ability to express ideas, provide coherent explanations, and demonstrate language proficiency. By practicing with sample tasks and responses, test-takers can gain confidence and improve their performance in this section. Remember to focus on clear delivery, organization, and effective use of vocabulary and grammar to convey ideas accurately.。
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2011新托福口语满分模板Q1Personally, I would like to say that my favorite is …And there are a couple of reasons to name.The most important thing is that…What’s more…So that’s whyQ2Well, in my opinion, I would definitely agree with the point that…The first reason I want to say is that…More importantly… So, that’s why I choose… for the two reasons listed abovePersonally speaking, I prefer… for several reasons.I think … is more appropriate for… for several reasons.Firstly, …Besides, in my experienceBur probably the most important reason for my preference is that…In a word, that’s the reason of my preference./ that’s why my preference is…I think it is important to …For one thing, …. By doing…Another thing is the advantage of…As for… I agree that, but unless…, …Q3The school has implemented a new policy that… due to…And the woman/man holds a positive/negative view towards the announcement.The first reason s/he gives is that…And the second one is based on the fact that…In the reading material, there is a/an announcement/message/notice/proposal about … The university/college is going to…In the listening material, two students discuss about the…The man/woman is against/supporting the…He or she feels unhappy/less satisfied about…thinks the… is unfair/inconvenient/unaffordablefor the following reasons:Firstly, he thinks/says…Also, he points out that…In addition, in his opinion, …Q4In the lecture, the professor mainly talked about the theory that…To reinforce the theory, the professor gave two reasons/examples in his speech.The first one is that…The other one is that…And that’s the two reasons/ examples the speaker presented to explain his idea.TYPE 1：The reading passage: definition该文章转载自无忧考网：nListening passage: examples, study, research模版：The reading passage gives the definition of…, which is…In the lecture, the professor goes on to demonstrate it by introducing some researches/examples/ experiments.The first is…This research proved that…The second is…(Additional investigations also showed that)TYPE 2:The reading passage: the phenomenon / te problem/the process /some functions/some features Listening passage: research, analysis...模版：The reading passage describes the phenomenon / the problem/the process /some functions/some features of…XXX is…(定义的内容)In the listening passage, the professor continues to demonstrates it by introducing some researches /analysesThe first is…The second is…TYPE 3:The reading passage: a conception held by/the principle/ the application/the cause/the effect Listening passage: specific aspects模版：The reading passage introduces a conception held by/the principle/ the application/the cause/the effectIn the listening passage, the professor describes several specific aspects of…Firstly,…Secondly,…Q5(10”problem+17”each solution+10”choice &why)In the conversation, the woman’s problem is that…is having a hard time dealing with the problem that...The man comes up with 2/3 solutions to her problem.offers her 2/3 possible solutions.At first, he suggests that she do…. However, she’s concerned that…His other recommendation is to…, while in the woman’s opinion …Besides, the man thinks it is reasonable to…, while the situation is that…From my point of view, I think the second choice is preferable because…/ for the following reasons:If it were my choice, I would choose the former/latter one, because…The woman is trying to decide…/ figure out… what to do with… and her friend makes a couple of suggestions/ recommendations.He encourages her to…. The advantage of this method is…The other idea is to…I think she should go with the second idea because…Q6(15”theory+20”each example)In the lecture, the professor provides two examples to illustrate the theory/phenomenon that…The first one is that…Another example is that…And that’s the two examples the professor presented to explain the theory/phenomenon.In the lec ture, the professor discusses … in several points/aspects.Firstly, he points that…. For instance, …Secondly, he mentions thatand he shows some data/research aboutFinally, he states thatAccording to the lecture, there are two major criteria for…First, she mentions, and I’m quoting here,…Point out, present, describe, state, mention, discuss, provide, demonstrate, introduce, give (example)…该文章转载自无忧考网：Q1Personally, I would like to say that students should go to work before they go to college.And there are a couple of reasons to name.The most important thing is that it’s normal in China that students don’t know what to do after they escape from the stress of Exams of college entrances, most of them just waste 2 months’ pressure time hanging out with friends or playing computer games every day. It will be a very good and practical option for them to experience deferent life other than in school.What’s more, go to work before college wil l make these grown-ups know better what they are interested in, they will benefit from the working experiences when they comes to the decision of which major to choose, whatother knowledge needed to fulfill his goal and dreams, it will help he or her get better known of themselves.And, work with others will help students to get some personal relationships skills with others; it’s also will help them to do better in college.So that’s why, I think students should go to work some time before they go to college.Q2Well, in my opinion, I would definitely agree with the point that taking part in the sports rather than just watching.The first reason I wanna say is that if you are going to learn how to swim, you can never get the skills to swim by watching others swim. You should dive into the water, learn how to breathe in water and how to stretch your arms and legs yourself. Sports need people to take part in than just watching.More importantly, taking part in physical activities is a good way to improve people’s health, nowadays, people all over the world are encourage to do some sports every week, they will improve the functions of heart and lung dramatic ally, it also enhance one’s immune system. If you just watch others taking exercises, you can never make your body in a good condition.So, that’s why I choose taking part in physical activities rather than just watching for the two reasons listed aboveQ3The school has implemented a new policy that playing football on the lawn outside the dining hall will be forbidden because it will destroy the lawn there, and it’s also because school has a gym, and students can take exercises there.And the woman/man holds a negative view towards the announcement.The first reason s/he gives is that if the lawn there is destroyed, it’s because some students cut corners, the lawn is between teaching buildings, when some students are going to be late for classes, they will step on the lawn directly.And the second one is based on the fact that the gym is on the edge of the campus, it’s too far for students if they just want to play football during classes breaks or after lunch.Q4Q5In the conversation, the man’s problem is that his friend sent him a concert ticket taken place tonight but he has paper to submit tomorrow morning. And he is having a hard time dealing with the problem that whether he should go to the concert or not.The woman comes up with 2 solutions to his problem.At first, she suggests that he goes to the concert and stay up to finish the paper. However, he’s concerned that he would be too tired to write the paper, and the quality of the paper must be very bad.Her other recommendation is to give up going to the concert, while in the man’s opinion is his friend will be unpleased if he doesn’t show up at the concert, because his friend paid for the ticket, and must be angry if he doesn’t go.If it were my choice, I would choose the latter one, becaus e it won’t hurt my friend’s feelings while I can submit the paper on time.Q6In the lecture, the professor provides two examples to illustrate the theory that memory is not always true, and it contains some suppose. Different people will add different unreal details or plots based on their own thoughts when it comes to describe a same thing. The first one is that when it comes to a car accident, some people say it occurred because the driver was calling someone, while some others would say it’s because t he driver doesn’t open the cornering lamp.Another example is due to the misleading question. For example, in a car accident, if others ask you how much does the driver over speed, and you will try your best to think about it, but probably the accident is not cause by over speeding.And that’s the two examples the professor presented to explain the phenomenon that memory is not always reliable.。