澳大利亚存量种植农场更新

2010 PLANTATION INVENTORY UPDATE 1PLANTATIONS2010 I N V E N T O R Y U P D A T ED E P A R T M E N T O F A G R I C U L T U R E , F I S H E R I E S A N D F O R E S T R YKey points• Australia’s National Plantation Inventoryprovides an annual update of timber plantation areas in each state and territory showing trends in plantation development.• The total area of Australia’s plantation estate increased by 2.4% in 2009, from 1.97 million to 2.02 million hectares. That area iscomprised of about 0.99 million hectares (49%) of hardwood species, 1.02 million hectares (51%) of softwood species and a small area of mixed plantings.• A total of 49 658 hectares of new plantations were reported established in 2009, 31% less than in 2008.• The total plantation area has increased by about 51% in the past ten years. The increase is mostly hardwood plantations, the area of which increased by more than 150% in ten years while the softwood plantation area increased by 8%. The rate of increase has slowed since 2005.Further information is available at .au/plantations2010 PLANTATION INVENTORY UPDATE2Australia’s timber plantation estate continued to expand in 2009 (Figures 1 and 2), but at a slower rate than for several years. In 2009, the total recorded area of timber production plantations was 2 020 226 hectares (Table 1) compared with 1 972 535 hectares in 2008. A total of 49 658 hectares of new planting was reported for 2009. That increase was off-set by reductions caused by re-measurements and change of land use after harvesting or wildfire. After allowing for those reductions, the total area increase in 2009 was about 47 000 hectares (2.4%).TOTAL ESTATEIn 2009, the total area of softwood plantations was 1 020 051 hectares, about 0.6% more than in 2008. The total area of hardwood plantations was 990 945 hectares, 4.4% more than in 2008. Hardwoods now constitute 49% of all plantations, compared with 29% in 1999.Plantations established for wood production cover a small proportion (0.26%) of Australia’s total land area. The plantation area is smaller than that of several agricultural crops and land uses (Table 2).Figure 3 shows the proportions of hardwood and softwood plantations in each state and territory in 2009.2010 PLANTATION INVENTORY UPDATE3Northern Territory 29 599 2 239 0 31 838Queensland 63 618 190 663 2108 256 389South Australia 58 669 123 419 457 182 545Tasmania 231 992 77 098 100 309 190Victoria202 703 220 009 1438 424 1501Includes areas of mixed hardwoods and softwoods and areas for which tree species were not reported.plantation forests2.0<0.3Native forests14719Other native vegetation14719Agricultural and horticultural crops - wheat- barley and other grains - horticulture- canola and other oilseeds - others 13.16.85.72.12.0sources: Australian Bureau of Statistics; National Forest Inventory.2010 PLANTATION INVENTORY UPDATE4OwNERShIPPrivate plantations now make up 62% of the total plantation estate; public plantations are about 33% and jointly-owned plantations 5% (Table 3). The private plantations include an estimated 100 000 hectares of small scale farm forestry plantings. The jointly-owned plantations include, for example, eucalypt plantations established by government agencies on farmland in New South Wales and Queensland for sawlog production and pineplantations established under salinity management programs on farmland in Western Australia. They also include some plantations established on public land using non-government sources of funding. Figure 4 shows the total plantation area byownership category that enables different sources of funding to be identified. The jointly ownedplantations are apportioned to industry categories, leading to slightly different public and privateownership proportions than Table 3. The proportion owned by managed investment schemes increased to more than 35% in 2009 and is now marginally greater than the government sector. The proportion owned by superannuation funds increased when a fund manager purchased softwood plantations in South Australia from a timber industry company.Australian Capital Territory 7 870 007 870 New South Wales 247 015131 362 4 805383 182 Northern Territory 031 838 031 838 Queensland 198 941 54 677 2 771256 389 South Australia 86 529 96 015 0182 545 Tasmania 32 778 216 193 60 220 309 190 Victoria4 352 412 757 7 040 424 150 Western Australia total2010 PLANTATION INVENTORY UPDATE5NATIONAL PLANTATION INVENTORY REgIONSThe National Plantation Inventory (NPI) regions are geographic groupings based mainly on supply of logs to the industries that manufacture timberproducts for the Australian and export markets. Table 4 and Figure 5 show that, in 2009, Western Australia (which is a single NPI region) had about 22% of the total plantation estate, including 32% of allhardwoods. The Green Triangle region had the next largest proportion with about 17%, comprised of nearly the same area of hardwoods and softwoods. The inland regions of New South Wales and Victoriathat lie within the Murray-Darling Basin haveWestern Australia 311 823110 9342305425 062Northern Territory29 599 2 239031 838Mount Lofty Ranges and Kangaroo Is.17 89619 44514437 485Green Triangle 164 649166 9372040333 626North Queensland 21 84926 401100049 250South East Queensland 41 668161 8491108204 625Northern Tablelands1 93314 87131417 118North Coast New South Wales 86 29616 069984103 349Central Tablelands New South Wales 98480 474081 458Southern Tablelands New South Wales 41621 602122 019Murray Valley 6 761188 705106195 572Central Victoria 31 62031 8014063 461Central Gippsland 38 82858 80382198 452East Gippsland–Bombala4 63342 82326647 7211. If the exact location of plantations is not known, in some cases it is difficult to assign them to specific regions. The data presented here are a reliable guide but might be revised later. The boundaries for these regions are shown on the back cover.2.Includes areas of mixed hardwoods and softwoods and those for which tree species were not reported.significant areas of softwood plantations but few hardwood plantations.The fastest rate of increase in total plantation area since 2005 has been in the Northern Territory,Tasmania, North Coast New South Wales and North Queensland. The regions with the slowest rate of increase since 2005 include the Central Tablelands, Murray Valley and other regions that fall within the Murray-Darling Basin catchment. Most plantations in those regions are softwoods that produce timber for the Australian building and paper industries.6NEw PLANTATIONS1. HW = hardwood; SW = softwood2. No new plantations were established in the Australian Capital Territory.3. ‘Public’ comprises plantations owned by governments; ‘Private’ comprises plantations owned by superannuation funds, timber industry companies, managedinvestment schemes and other private owners; ‘Joint’ comprises plantations owned jointly by public and private entities.New plantations are those established on land notpreviously used for plantation forestry. A total of49 658 hectares of new plantations was reportedestablished in 2009 (Table 5), about 31% less thanin 2008. This continues the decline in the new areareported since 2007 (Figure 6). The new areacomprised 43 231 hectares of hardwoods and6 427 hectares of softwoods.Managed investment schemes funded about 71% ofthe new plantations in 2009, compared with 81% inthe previous year. Government agencies planting onpublic land and in joint ventures on private landestablished 17% of the new plantations. Timberindustry companies, superannuation funds and otherprivate owners established the remaining 12%.Tasmania had the largest area of new plantationsin 2009, with 30% of the national total. New SouthWales has 26%. South Australia had the smallestproportion, with less than 2%.Continuing the trend from the 1990s, most (82.5%)of the new plantations established in 2009 areprivately owned. Hardwoods, nearly all of whichare privately owned, comprise 87%. Softwoodsestablished by a range of public and private sectororganisations and companies accounted for theremaining 13% of new area planted in 2008.2010 PLANTATION INVENTORY UPDATE2010 PLANTATION INVENTORY UPDATE 7pReFeRRed way to cite this pUblicationacKnowledGementsdisclaimeRREfERENcES AND fURThER READINgbureau of Rural sciences publications can be obtained from:p:+61 2 6272 2010 F: +61 2 6272 2001 e: national plantation inventoRycontact detailsnational Forest inventory bureau of Rural sciencesGPO Box 858, Canberra ACT 2601p: 02 6272 4043 e: @.au .au/plantations.au/plantationsPLANTATION INVENTORY REgIONAL bOUNDARIES168791141255141310233315Source: National Plantation Inventory, 2006.1. Western Australia2. Northern Territory3. Mount Lofty Ranges and Kangaroo Island4. Green Triangle5.North QueenslandNPI region boundary 6. South East Queensland 7. Northern Tablelands 8. North Coast9. Central Tablelands 10. Southern Tablelands 11. Murray Valley12. Central Victoria 13. Central Gippsland14. East Gippsland-Bombala 15. Tasmania。