考研英语语法讲义
你我同程考研英语基础语法讲义
英语基础语法讲义一、英语的句子分类1.五种基本句型(Five Basic Sentence Patterns)（1）主语+谓语(不及物动词）；（2）主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语；（3）主语+谓语+宾语+补语；（4）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；（5）主语+系动词+表语。
两类系动词：①表示状态，如be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain等；②表示转变或结果，如become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等。
2.按照句子的使用目的分类：陈述句；疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句）；祈使句；感叹句。
3.按照句子结构分类：（1）简单句；（2）并列句：不同的并列连词表示并列分句之间的不同关系：①同等关系；②选择关系；③转折和对比关系；④因果关系。
（3）复合句：由关联词把一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句联系在一起所构成的句子，也称主从复合句。
复合句根据从句在句中的作用可分为：名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
二、英语动词的时态1.动词的时态英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的，不同的时态有不同的变化形式，以do为例，列表如下：一般进行完成完成进行现在时does/do am/is/are + doing has/have + done has/have + been doing 过去时did was/were + doing had + done had + been doing将来时shall/will + do shall/will be +doingshall/will have +doneshall/will + have been doing*过去将来时should/would +dowould/should + bedoing*should/would +have done*would/should + have beendoing*“时态”就是通过动词的形态变化，来表达动作发生的时间（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）及所处的状态（一般、进行、完成、完成进行）。
学府考研英语基础班-语法王国清讲义-21页word资料
1考研英语语法讲义语法，无论是对于英语学习者还是教授者而言，都是最难掌握的问题，而掌握扎实的语法无疑是学好英语的关键，尽管在研究生英语考试中并不直接涉及语法，但阅读理解，写作和翻译等试题无不体现出它的重要性。
然而，市场上种类繁多的语法书籍，大都是内容多而不精，即次重点不分，并且对于在学习过程中，大家共同反映的较有难度的语法，如非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句都未能作出精辟分析，使读者看后仍不知所云。
本着这个目的，我们再次相聚考研讲堂，希望通过两天的深入学习使广大考生对语法有个彻底的了解，在今后考试中遇到相应问题能游刃有余。
一、语法知识回顾（一）基础语法知识1. 英语句子的基本句型(Basic Sentence Pattern)（1）主+系+表(SVP)（2）主+谓（不及物动词）(SV)（3）主+谓（及物动词）+宾(SVO)（4）主+谓（及物动词）+间接宾语（指人）+直接宾语（指物）(SVOO)（5）主+谓（及物动词）+宾+补足语(SVOC)2. 按照用途句子的分类（1）陈述句(Declarative Sentence)（2）疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)①一般疑问句(General Question)②特殊疑问句(Special Question)③选择疑问句(Alternative Question)④反意疑问句 (Tag Question)（详见“考研英语语法重难点精解”中的反意疑问句）（3）祈使句（Imperative Sentence）（4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentence）3. 按照结构句子分类(Division by Structure)（1）简单句（Simple Sentence）只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子称为简单句：（2）并列句（Compound Sentence）用并列连词（或分号、冒号、逗号）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子叫并列句（3）复合句（Complex Sentence）由关联词把一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句联系在一起所构成的句子称为复合句，也称为主从复合句，复合句根据关联词在句中的作用可分为如下类型：①名词性从句（Noun Clause）（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）②状语从句（Adverbial Clause）（详见“考研英语语法重难点精解”中状语从句）（二）重点语法回顾1、主谓一致(Subject-verb Agreement)一致是指句子成份间或词语间必须在人称、数、性等方面保持一致关系，一致这一语言现象在日常应用及各类英语考试中出现较多，最主要的一致关系是主谓一致。
硕士英语Unit1 讲义
1. Nothing comes easy.1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。
（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。
）2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
3）表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。
02语法讲义-简单句【完整版】
考 研 语 法（英 语 一）田静 Shadow第一部分 简单句第一章 简单句的核心第一节 简单句的核心构成简单句的核心构成n. + v.主语 谓语11谓语v.分类1.有实义（1） 不及物动词 vi.→主谓（2） 及物动词 vt.→主谓宾→主谓双宾→主谓宾补2.无实义→（连）系动词→主系表●主谓Everybody else loses.(2019, Reading Comprehension, Part B)Smaller species survived.(2006, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)●主谓宾Everybody loves a fat pay rise.(2005, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)Yet science has a cultural history, too...(2017, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)Several of his staff members have military‐intelligence backgrounds. (2003, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)●主谓双宾They gave justices permanent positions...(2012, Use of English)… railroads charged all customers the same average rate... (2003, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)They gave permanent positions to justices ...●主谓宾补You always keep your eyes open ...(2004, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)The spooks call it "open source intelligence," ...(2003, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)●主系表“这是一个危险的游戏。
(完整word版)考研英语语法基础讲义
考研英语语法基础讲义一、简单句和并列句1. 简单句的五种形式:（1）主语+谓语（不及物动词)；（2）主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语；（3）主语+谓语+宾语+补语；（4）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；（5)主语+系动词+表语。
两类系动词：①be动词；②一些实义动词用作系动词：feel, taste， smell等；2。
并列句：一个句子当中包含两个或更多互不相依存的主谓结构，中间用一些连接词连接起来的句子.并列句不能只用逗号隔开，而要用连接词连接。
连接词：（1）并列关系句型：连接词有and， as well as， either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but also…eg： Last year I met Kate and we became friends.Either my uncle can do it， or my aunt can do it。
（2）转折概念并列句型：转折词有buteg： It has no mouth， but it can talk。
（3）对比关系的并列句型：eg: He liked sports， while I would rather collect stamps.练习：2009年6月阅读Cerling‘s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences。
（简单句)Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable， but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes. （并列句）简单句和并列句是复合句的基础。
二、句子成分句子六大成分：主谓宾、定状表。
主语、宾语和表语：通常由代词或者名词构成，定语：修饰名词；状语:修饰形容词或者动词；表语：接在系动词后面;(一）。
语法讲义--长难句分析完整版
I don’t think people are capable of that anymore. (2016, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4)
断开长难句 – 考场攻略 攻略 1：先找从句，但先看主句
攻略 2：不要纠结从句
… when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. (2015, Translation)
On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. (2018, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)
断开长难句： 标点/连接词 – 练习 Twenty‐seven students were told which pens were electrified; another twenty‐seven were told only that some were electrified. (2018, Use of English)
(2010, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)
The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after பைடு நூலகம்e has turned it on. (英语一, 2012, Reading Comprehension, Part B)
02语法讲义- 长难句【完整版】
考 研 语 法（英 语 一）第一部分：简单句第二部分：长难句第三部分：长难句分析n.+v. n.+v. n.+v. n.+v.conj. conj. conj.简单句→并列句复合句第一章：并列句一、并列句的构成多个简单句+并列连词表示顺接的并列连词 含义… and … both … and … “…… 和 ……” （两者都）not only … but … as well not only … but also … not only … but … “不但……而且……” （意思同“……和……”）（一）表示顺接的并列连词The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind. (2007, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)表示转折的并列连词 含义… but …… yet …“……但是……”（二）表示转折的并列连词The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. (2002, Translation)表示选择的并列连词 含义… or … either … or … “……或者……” （二选一）neither … nor … “既不……也不……”（两个都不选） （三）表示选择的并列连词表示因果的并列连词 含义…for… “……因为……” …so… “……所以……”（四）表示因果的并列连词Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite.(2001, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)二、并列句的省略The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement.(2014, Use of English)… the peoples… died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.(2004, Reading Comprehension, Part B)But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations… and feeling the strain.(2008, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)… the federal government must support job training programs, raise the minimum wage, and fund more low‐cost housing.(2006, Use of English)Humility requires you to recognize weakness in your own arguments and sometimes also to accept reasons on the opposite side.(2019, Reading Comprehension, Part B)并列句‐练习We neither understand nor respect each other...(2019, Reading Comprehension, Part B)They cross‐check sources and prefer news from different perspectives...(2018, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)… the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it.(2008, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)Formerly it lasted three days, but by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. (2016, Use of English)In Europe, taxes account for up to four‐fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.(2002, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)并列句 – 考场攻略攻略：找到并列句省略的部分You can become a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four.(2011, Reading Comprehension, Part B)He visited the casino , lost the $20 and left.(2006, Reading Comprehension, Part B)第二部分 长难句第二章：复合句＝主句＋从句第一节 名词性从句第二节 定语从句第三节 状语从句宾语从句（一） 宾语从句的含义（二）宾语从句的写法1. 陈述句变宾语从句These figures are conservative.↓Dr. Worm acknowledges (that) these figures are conservative.(2006, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)We believe consumers should have more control.(2013, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)2. 特殊疑问句变宾语从句Where did we put the keys just a moment ago?↓We suddenly can’t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago.(2014, Use of English)3. 一般疑问句变宾语从句Are other clients going to abandon me, too?↓I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too…(2004, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? (2013, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)（二）宾语从句的写法总结• Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative.• We suddenly can’t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago, ...• I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too…（三）宾语从句的位置This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells...(2005, Use of English)… users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.(2013, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)This and other similar cases raise the question of whether there is still a line between the court and politics.(2012, Use of English)… he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.(2008, Reading Comprehension, Part C)（三）宾语从句的位置：非谓语动词＋从句You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to. (2013, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)宾语从句后置，it形式宾语That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments.(2012, Use of English)表语从句（一） 表语从句的含义（二）表语从句的写法Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.(2017, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)For Williams, these activities become what he calls “electronic heroin.”(2006, Reading Comprehension, Part B)主语从句（一）主语从句的含义（二）主语从句的写法That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.(2006, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)What motivated him… was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”…(2014, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.(2013, Reading Comprehension, Part B)（三）主语从句的位置It did not matter what was done in the experiment...(2010, Use of English)It is done + 主语从句（表达人们对一件事的观点看法）This year, it was proposed that the system be changed: ...(2013, Reading Comprehension, Part B)It is + adj./n. + 主语从句（表达对一件事的评价）It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become...(2017, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere.(2014, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)同位语从句（一） 同位语从句的含义（二）同位语从句的写法Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.(2012, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.(2017, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)（三）同位语从句的位置抽象名词后：idea, opinion, fact, evidence, question, doubt, reason, theory, belief, possibility, chance, hope, contention, guarantee…Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.”(2011, Reading Comprehension, Part C)名词性从句 – 练习In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.(2019, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel... (2017, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. (2016, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.(2014, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it...(2005, Use of English)But what we forget… is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.(2006, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4)名词性从句 – 考场攻略攻略1：找到从句But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously.(2005, Reading Comprehension, Part A, Text2)An awareness that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers’ behavior by itself.(2010, Use of English)攻略2：判断从句On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is.(2009, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)… Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.(2004, Translation)第二部分 长难句第二章：复合句＝主句＋从句第一节 名词性从句第二节 定语从句第三节 状语从句定语从句一. 定语从句的概述先行词=关系词Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment.↓ ↓Law is a discipline. A discipline encourages responsible judgment.二. 定语从句的写法先行词 关系词事/物 which/that人 who / whom / thatwhose人／物（表示人或物的所有关系，“某人的／某物的”）时间 when地点 where原因 why1.先行词是事／物，关系词选择which／thatTeachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience.(2003, Use of English)Furthermore, the legal system and the events ___ ___ occur within it are primary subjects for journalists.(2007, Translation)2. 先行词是人，关系词选择who／whom／thatIn France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimesearn more voting rights in a company.(2019, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)Retailers ___ ___ master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby.(2010, Reading Comprehension, Part B)3. 先行词是人／物，表示人或物的所有关系，关系词选择whoseIt also pledged to not deploy AI whose use would violate international laws or human rights. (2019, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those ______ surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.(2004, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time ____ __ high‐quality arts criticism could be found in most big‐city newspapers. (2010, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)4. 先行词是时间，关系词选择whenIt is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high‐quality arts criticism could be found in most big‐city newspapers.(2010, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)5. 先行词是地点，关系词选择whereToday, we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are all available on our smartphones.(2019, Use of English)6. 先行词是原因，关系词选择whyThe other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild‐like ownership structure of the business.(2014, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)关于定语从句关系词的注意事项：• 定语从句的关系词每一个都作成分，包括that。
英语语法讲义(精简版)
英语语法讲义（精简纲要版）第一章：词类、句子成分、基本句型、构词法（英语的树干，语法分析的精髓）一、词类1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy,morning,bag,ball,class,orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who,she,you,it.3、形容词(adj.)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good,right,white,orange.4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one,two,three,first,second,third,fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am,is,are,have,see.6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now,very,here,often,quietly.7、冠词(art.)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a,an,the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in,on,from,above,behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and,but,before.10、感叹词(interj.)：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh,well,hi,hello.二、句子成分【重点掌握英语基本句型中的涉及到的六大成分：主谓宾；定状补】1、主语句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要．．由动词担任。
【思考】：动词等于谓语吗？如：Jack cleans the room every day.(杰克每天打扫房间)Lily is beautiful.(莉莉是漂亮的)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
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考研英语语法新思维
第一节基本句型结构
▪S + V + O + Oc.
▪S + Vt. + O + Oc.
▪S + Vt. + O + Oc↑
英语句型的雏形▪ A [a+] →B [b+] →C [c+]
▪主语→谓语→宾语
▪主语→系动词→表语
主语：A无灵主语（拟人修辞）主语多样化
主语客观化
主语生动化
操作方法：物→主语→主动语态
人们离不开网络（中文习惯）
网络连通并禁锢着人们（英文习惯）
The internet connects and imprisons people.
Family ethics are seemingly fading (fade)
away from people’s mind / horizon.
▪我们社会要让多种文化百花齐放才能繁荣和谐
▪A variety of cultures can give birth to a prosperous and harmonious society.
PRACTICE ▪青少年厌恶考试
▪孤寡老人怕过节
▪海外华人时刻关注祖国
▪Examinations are Satan for youngsters / youngsters’killers / headache-makers.
▪Spending festivals alone is a nightmare for …
▪The motherland is drawing the attention of overseas Chinese.
课后思考
▪人们想出了一个解决办法。
▪我们应该感谢那些家长。
▪人们总是对利益感兴趣。
定语：后置介词短语
目的：代替前置形容词定语
①掩盖词汇量不足
②遵循名词化原则
▪淑女：
▪elegant ladies →ladies of good manners ▪elegant ladies →ladies of elegance
▪肥差：
▪well paid jobs →occupations of high income / salary
▪名门望族:
▪ a family of fame / reputation
▪高污染高利润产业：
▪industries of high pollution and profits
▪孤寡老人
▪elderly people without any company
▪People of sense,
size and style
▪有识有型有品位人士
状语：主谓间的插入语
▪目的：主谓不连贯原则
▪模式：主语，状语/状语从句/同位语，谓语宾语。
[口] I do it frequently.
[书] I, frequently, do it.
▪[口] Offices communicate with each other through e‐mail and MSN.
▪[书] Offices, through e‐mail and MSN, communicate with each
other.
▪[口] Though they have never tried the products, celebrities accept the
advertisements.
▪[书] Celebrities, though they have never tried the products, accept the
advertisements.
第二节时态
▪中文的时态？
▪西方语言的时态？
▪不一定要用线段法
▪不一定要配合时间状语
一般时：（略）
完成时(寄生性相对性)
▪过去完成时不能独立使用
▪前后至少有一个一般过去时句子，或过去的事物做陪衬。
▪现在完成时不能独立使用
▪前后至少有一个一般现在时句子，或现在的事物做陪衬。
▪将来完成时（特殊）
▪主语will have done / been …
▪表确定在未来发生
▪并确定会完成
▪语气笃定强烈，充满期许和信心。
▪The harmonious society will have come true / been on the horizon.
▪The subway will have worked to serve people next year.
▪【理想目标】will have come true…▪作文末段表强烈展望。
▪无灵主语+将来完成时！
进行时
现在进行时
Am / is / are + doing / being…
▪具体和画面感的描述当今社会各种现象，以夸张手法唤起共鸣▪The employment rate is high.▪Everyone is losing job.
▪网络作用大
▪The internet has enormous impact on our daily life.
▪一定要这样写吗？
▪Everyone is surfing on line nowadays.
▪Everyone is seeking romantic stories on line nowadays.
▪Everyone is pouring out their privacy on blogs nowadays.
▪广告作用大
▪广告影响了我们生活哪些细节？▪用进行时表达出来。
▪Every child is taking calcium pills and every lady is going on diet, though they are fit enough.
▪Because of the magic of advertisement.
▪中西差异
▪Every story of Kung fu movies, seemingly and always, is taking place among swaying bamboos and falling leaves.
▪家长对孩子期望大
▪Every parent is haunting among various training classes with the children every weekend.
▪过去/将来进行时
▪Was / were doing …▪Will be doing…
▪一般过去式：抽象过去
▪过去进行时：形象化的具体过去
▪I did my homework last night.▪I was listening to the music, sitting back in the sofa, thinking of some good ideas and writing down my answer last night.
▪PRACTICE
▪I was doing…the day 2 / 5 / 10 years ago.
▪一般将来时：抽象将来
▪将来进行时：形象化的具体将来
I will holding her hand, listening to the holly music , entering a Catholic church and saying :“I do.”
▪PRACTICE
▪I will be doing…the day 2 / 5 / 10 years ago.
▪People were doing ... the day 2/10/20 years ago.
▪People are doing…nowadays.
▪People will be doing ... the day 2/10/20 years later.
▪教育观理财观审美观就业观偶像观娱乐方式消费方式交际方式信息沟通方式居住环境生态环境
People were writing down wishes on cards, posting stamps on envelopes, sending them to post offices and waiting for replies in anxiety.
We are receiving junk texts on festivals, forwarding them to others and deleting them at once.
Last generation was rushing into banks on payday, queuing up at deposit counters, putting most of their salary into accounts and controlling their budget tightly.
Our generation is rushing into banks, lining up at installment windows, borrowing money, and buying cars or houses in advance.
▪作文第二段
▪用镜头化的具体行为
▪比较社会抽象观念的差异和变迁▪代替抽象词汇比较
▪为探寻差异和变迁的原因提供铺垫
第三节虚拟语气（异常时态）
▪表假设设想（正面和负面）▪中文：加字
▪英文：加字+时态退步
▪句型一
▪suggest / insist / assume / suppose / predict / wish / advocate / claim +that…从句中用虚拟语气。