电气工程及其自动化专业英语(1)重点
电气工程及其自动化专业英语 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Section1 Current and Voltage
flow as the movement of positive charges, that is, opposite to the flow of negative charges, as Fig.l-1 illustrates. This convention was introduced by Benjamin Franklin (l706 ～ l790), the American scientist and inventor. Although we now know that current in metallic conductors is due to negatively charged electrons, we will follow the universally accepted convention that current is the net flow of positive charges. Thus, Electric current is the time rate of charge, measured in amperes (A). Mathematically, the relationship among current i, charge q, and time t is
Section1 Current and Voltage
i
The charge transferred between time t0 and t is obtained by integrating both sides of Eq. (1-1). We obtain t
dq dt
(1-1)
q idt
电气工程及其自动化专业英语介绍
电气工程及其自动化专业英语介绍Introduction:Electrical Engineering and its Automation is a field of study that combines electrical engineering principles with automation techniques. This discipline focuses on the design, development, and implementation of electrical systems and their control using various automation technologies. In this article, we will delve into the various aspects of Electrical Engineering and its Automation, including its scope, key concepts, job opportunities, and future prospects.Body:1. Scope of Electrical Engineering and its Automation:1.1 Importance of Electrical Engineering:- Electrical engineering plays a vital role in various industries, including power generation, telecommunications, transportation, and manufacturing.- It involves the design and maintenance of electrical systems, such as power distribution networks, control systems, and electronic devices.1.2 Automation in Electrical Engineering:- Automation techniques are applied to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and safety of electrical systems.- Automation technologies, such as PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), are used for process control, monitoring, and data acquisition.1.3 Integration of Electrical Engineering and Automation:- The integration of electrical engineering principles with automation technologies enables the development of advanced control systems and intelligent machines.- It facilitates the automation of various industrial processes, leading to increased productivity and reduced human intervention.2. Key Concepts in Electrical Engineering and its Automation:2.1 Electrical Circuit Analysis:- This involves the study of electrical circuits and their behavior using mathematical models and techniques.- Concepts such as Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's laws, and circuit theorems are used to analyze and solve electrical circuit problems.2.2 Power Systems:- Power systems deal with the generation, transmission, and distribution of electrical energy.- Concepts like power generation, power factor correction, and power system protection are essential in ensuring a stable and reliable power supply.2.3 Control Systems:- Control systems involve the regulation and control of electrical processes.- Concepts like feedback control, PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers, and system stability are crucial in designing and implementing control systems.3. Job Opportunities in Electrical Engineering and its Automation:3.1 Electrical Engineer:- Electrical engineers are responsible for designing, developing, and maintaining electrical systems.- They work in various industries, including power generation, telecommunications, and manufacturing.3.2 Automation Engineer:- Automation engineers specialize in the design and implementation of automation systems.- They develop control strategies, program PLCs, and integrate automation technologies into electrical systems.3.3 Research and Development:- Electrical engineering and its automation offer numerous research and development opportunities.- Researchers work on developing innovative technologies and improving existing systems to meet the evolving demands of industries.4. Future Prospects in Electrical Engineering and its Automation:4.1 Renewable Energy:- The growing focus on renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, presents new challenges and opportunities in electrical engineering and its automation.- Engineers are needed to design and optimize renewable energy systems and integrate them into the existing power grid.4.2 Internet of Things (IoT):- The integration of electrical systems with IoT technologies opens up new avenues for automation and control.- Electrical engineers can leverage IoT to develop smart grids, intelligent buildings, and efficient energy management systems.4.3 Artificial Intelligence (AI):- AI techniques, such as machine learning and neural networks, can be applied to enhance the automation capabilities of electrical systems.- Electrical engineers can explore the use of AI for predictive maintenance, fault detection, and optimization of electrical processes.Conclusion:Electrical Engineering and its Automation is a dynamic field that combines electrical engineering principles with automation technologies. It plays a crucial role in various industries and offers a wide range of job opportunities. The integration of electrical engineering with automation enables the development of advanced control systems and intelligent machines. With the increasing focus on renewable energy, IoT, and AI, the future prospects in this field are promising. As technology continues to advance, electrical engineering and its automation will continue to evolve, driving innovation and shaping the future of industries.。
专业英语翻译第一章
注：电气工程及其自动化专业英语翻译 1~7面班级：1002班学号：20姓名：王定瑞PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC ENGINEERINGChapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals第1部分的电气工程基础第1章电路原理Electrostatic Charges静电荷Protons and electrons are parts of atoms that make up all things in our world. The positive charge of a proton is similar to the negative charge of an electron. However, a positive charge is the opposite of a negative charge. These charges are called electrostatic charges. Each charged particle is surrounded by an electrostatic field.质子和电子部件的原子构成一切事物在我们的世界。
正电荷的质子是类似于负电荷的电子。
然而,一个正电荷的反面是一个负电荷。
这些指控被称为静电荷。
每个带电粒子周围是一个静电场。
The effect that electrostatic charges have on each other is very important. They either repel (move away) or attract (come together) each other. It is said that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.这个效应,静电指控对方是非常重要的。
他们要么排斥(离开)或吸引(一起)每个其他。
(最新整理)(完整版)电气工程及其自动化专业英语
电气工程及其自动化专业教研室
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• The exciting or magnetizing current （励磁电流）can thus be very small. Further, the proportion of the total flux which is linked mutually by the two coils is greatly increased.
of two coils in close proximity. One coil of N1 turns is excited with
alternating current and therefore establishes a flux φ11 which alternates with the current (随时间交变）. The other coil is linked
• the applied voltage 外施电压
• zero-power-factor 零功率因数
• the no-load power factor 空载功率因数
• formulate 用公式表示,系统地阐述
• saturation 饱和
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Unit 11 The Transformer on No Load
a result (因此), is called the secondary winding.
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• It should not be difficult to realize that the two functions are interchangeable: if coil 2 were excited instead, a mutual e.m.f. would be induced in coil 1 which would then become the secondary winding(二次绕组).
电气工程及其自动化专业英语课文翻译
unit1 taxe A 电力变压器的结构和原理在许多能量转换系统中，变压器是一个不了缺少的原件。
它使得在经济的发电机所产生电能并以最经历的传输电压传输电能，同时对于特定的使用者合适的电压使用电能成为可能。
变压器同样广泛的应用于低功率低电流的电子电路和控制电路中，来执行像匹配电源组抗和负载以求得最大的传输效率。
隔离一个电路与另一个电路在两个电路之间隔离直流电而保证交流电继续通道的功能。
在本质上，变压器是一个由两个或多个绕组通过相互的磁通耦合而组成的，如果这其中的一个绕组，原边连接到交流电压源将产生交流磁通它的幅值决定于原边的电压所提供的电压频率及匝数。
感应磁通将与其他绕组交链，在副边中将感应出一个电压其幅值将取决于副边的匝数及感应磁通量和频率。
通过使原副边匝数比例适应，任何所期望的电压比例或转换比例都可以得到。
变压器工作的本质仅要求存在与两个绕组相交链的时变的感应磁通。
这样的作用也可以发生在通过空气耦合的两组绕组中，但用铁心或其他铁磁材料可以使绕组之间的耦合作用增强，因为一大部分磁通被限制在与两个绕组交链的高磁导率的路径中。
这种变压器通常被称作为心式变压器。
大部分变压器都是这种类型。
以下的讨论几乎全部围绕心事变压器。
为减少铁心中的涡流所产生的损耗，磁路通常由一叠薄的叠片所组成。
如图1.1所示两种常见的结构形式用示意图表示出来。
芯式变压器的绕组绕在两个矩形铁心柱上，壳式变压器的绕组绕在三个铁心柱中间的那个铁心柱上，。
0.14毫米厚的硅钢片通常被用于在低频率低于几百Hz下运行的变压器中，硅钢片具有价格低铁心损耗小，在高磁通密度下，磁导率高的理想性能，能用做高频率低能耗的标准的通讯电路中的小型变压器的铁心是由被称为铁氧体的粉末压缩制成的铁磁合金所构成的。
在这些结构中，大部分的磁通被限制在固定的铁心中与两个绕组相交链。
绕组也产生多余的磁通，像漏磁通，只经过一个绕组和另外的绕组不相交链。
虽然漏磁通只是所有磁通的一小部分，但它在决定变压器的运行情况中起着重要的作用。
电气工程专业英语+unt1参考文档
Unit 1 Fundamentals of Electronic Circuits
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory 1.2 Analog and Digital Circuits 1.3 Three-Phase Circuits 1.4 Further Reading
Notice that the three points that form node b ① are connected by perfectly conducting wires and therefore constitute a single point.
Note:① "three points that form node b "表示"形成节点
b的3个点".此句可译为:注意到形成节点b的3个点是通过理
elements or devices, whereas a circuit is a network
providing one or more closed paths③.
Note：②：regard … as表示“把…认为” NNoottee：：③①：：pdrioffveirtfherse为ntiate nbeettwwoerekn的A后an置d 定B表语示。区分A和B；To differentiate between a circuit and a network是目的状语从句.
series
n. 连续；系列；级数；串联
parallel
adj. 平行的；并联的 n. 平行线；平
行面；v. 相应；平行
impedance
n. [电]阻抗；全电阻；[物]阻抗
theorem
n. [数]定理；法则
电气工程及其自动化专业英语
time-invariant 时不变的
self-(or mutual-)induction 自（互）感
displacement current 位移电流 conductance 电导
voltage drop 电压降 volt-ampere characteristics 伏安特性
metal-filament lamp 金属丝灯泡
seen, increase of current from zero to
I≈I1 causes the terminal voltage of the source to decrease linearly
V12=V=E－VS=E－RSI
Fig.1.3
In other words, the voltage drop VS across the source resistance rises in proportion to the current. This goes on until
刘剑-电气工程及其自动化专业英语(建筑电气类)Unit1-passage A
TextElectric CircuitThe diagram of Fig 1.1 illustrates the essential parts of an electric circuit,which consists,in its simplest form, of an energy source and an interconnected energy dissipation or conversionload.device,known as theexample,on/electro-chemical,electro-magnetic,thermo-electric,photo-electric.,principles,but for the purpose of circuit analysis only two idealized forms are recognized, to one of which all practical sources approximate, They are: the voltage source and the current source.The voltage source maintains a constant terminal voltage irrespective of the current supplied to the load. It is important to appreciate that the voltage may be a function of, for example, time, temperature, pressure etc. It is constant without respect to variation of load.The current source maintains a constant in the load irrespective of the terminal voltage-which, in this case, is determined by the magnitude of the load, As with the voltage source, the generated current may depend on many other factors, but its one essentialattribute is its independence of load.The symbols used for these active devices are illustrated in Fig 1.2 (a) and （b ）。
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电气工程及其自动化专业英语考试题型：选择10*2单词翻译10*2短句翻译5*4长句翻译4*10 ExerciseAll the simple circuit elements that will be在下面进行的工作中我们要研究的简单电路元件,可以根据流过元件的电流与元件两端的电压的关系进行分类。
例如，如果元件两端的电压正比于流过元件的电流，即u＝ki，我们就把元件称为电阻器。
其他的类型的简单电路元件的端电压正比于电流对时间的导数或正比于电流关于时间的积分。
还有一些元件的电压完全独立于电流或电流完全独立于电压，这些是独立源。
此外，我们还要定义一些特殊类型的电源，这些电源的电压或电流取决于电路中其他的电流或电压，这样的电源将被称为非独立源或受控源。
It must be emphasized that the linear 必须强调的是线性电阻器是一个理想的电路元件；它是物理元件的数学模型。
我们可以很容易地买到或制造电阻器，但很快我们发现这种物理元件只有当电流、电压或者功率处于特定范围时其电压——电流之比才是恒定的，并且这个比值也取决于温度以及其它环境因素。
我们通常应当把线性电阻器仅仅称为电阻器。
只有当需要强调元件性质的时候才使用更长的形式称呼它。
而对于任何非线性电阻器我们应当始终这么称呼它，非线性电阻器不应当必然地被视为不需要的元件。
If a circuit has two or more independent 如果一个电路有两个或多个独立源，求出具体变量值（电流或电压）的一种方法是使用节点分析法或网孔分析法。
另一种方法是求出每个独立源对变量的作用然后把它们进行叠加。
而这种方法被称为叠加法。
叠加法原理表明线性电路某个元件两端的电压（或流过元件的电流）等于每个独立源单独作用时该元件两端的电压（或流过元件的电流）的代数和。
The ratio of the phase voltage to the 相电压与相电流之比等于电路的阻抗，符号为字母Z，阻抗是一个具有量纲为欧姆的复数量。
阻抗不是一个相量，因此不能通过把它乘以e jωt,并取其实部把它转换成时域形式。
但是，我们把电感器看作是通过其电感量L表现为时域形式而通过其阻抗jωL表现为频域形式，电容在时域里为电容量C而在频域里为1/jωc，阻抗是某种程度上的频域变量而非时域变量。
Both wye and delta source connections 无论是星型连接的电源还是三角形连接的电源都有重要的实际应用意义。
星型连接的电源用于长距离电力传输，此时电阻损耗(I2R)将达到最小。
这是由于星型连接的线电压是三角形连接的线电压的√3倍，于是,对于相同的功率来说，三角型连接的线电流是星形连接的线电流的√3倍。
三角形连接的电源使用在根据三相电源而需要的三个单相电路中。
这种从三相到单相的转变用在住宅布线中因为家用照明和设备使用单相电源。
三相电源用在需要大功率的工业布线中。
在某些应用场合，无论负载是星形连接还是三角形连接并不重要。
Amplifier n.放大器Active a.有源的，有功的，有效地；活动的，主动的，积极的；活性的，放射的，激励的Active element有源元件Algebraic a.代数Ampere n.安，安培Amplitude n.振幅，幅度，波幅Atom n.原子Absorb v.吸收Approximate ad.近似，接近By the same token同理，同样；另外，还有Branch n.支路，支线，支脉；分支；部门，分部Battery n.电池(be) out of phas e异相的Capacitor n.电容器Chassis n.底盘，底架，底板，底座Current n.电流AC=alternating current交流电流DC=direct current 直流电流Charge n.电荷，v.充电，带电，起电Positive charge 正电荷Negative charge 负电荷Neutrally charge 电中性A unit charge 单位电荷Coulomb n.库仑Circuit n.电路Short circuit短路Open circuit开路Clockwise a.; ad. 顺时针方向的Counterclockwise a.; ad. 逆时针方向的Coefficient n.系数，因素，常数，率；折算率Conductance n.电导，导电性，导纳；传导Configuration n.结构，构造Convention n.习惯，惯例，常规Constant voltage source恒定电压源Controlled source受控源Dependent source受控源Diamond-shaped a.菱形的Dimension n.维数，度数；尺寸，线度；量纲，因次Determinant n.行列式；决定因素，遗传素Datum n.基准（点，线，面），基标；数据，资料，信息Domain n.区域，定义范围；区，界；支配，所有权，统治权Time domain时域Frequency domain频域Desired operating region规定的工作范围Electron n.电子Electromotive a.电动的，起电的Electromotive force电动势Error-minimizing a.]令错误最少的Effective a.有效的，等效的，生效的，能行的，有作用的，有影响的Equivalent a.等效的，等值的，等同的Ensure v.确保Generator n.发电机；（脉冲，信号，气体）发生器，振荡器，加速器Independent source独立源Ideal independent source理想独立源Incandescent a.白炽的，炽热的Incandescent lamp白炽灯Integrated circuit集成电路Instant n.瞬间，瞬时，即刻，时，时刻Instantaneous power瞬时功率Integrate v.积分，求积分Inductor n.电感器Impedance n.阻抗Joule n.焦尔Loop n.回路，闭合电路，环路，循环，环Linear a.线性的，一次的；直线的，线状的线性电阻Linear resistor线性电阻Nonlinear a.非线性的，非直线的Nonlinear resistor非线性电阻Neutral linear 中线Load n.负荷，负载Lag n.; v.滞后，落后，迟滞Lead v.超前，提前，领先Leave n.使，让Magnitude n.大小，幅值，幅度，量，数量，尺寸，值；等级，量级Mesh n.网孔Mesh analysis网孔分析Nodal a.结点的，节点的，结的，节的Nodal analysis 节点分析Network n.网络，电路，电网Node n.节点，结点，交点，叉点；节，结Operational a.运算的，计算的；操作的，工作的，业务的，运转的Ohm欧姆Ohm’s law欧姆定律Phase n.相；阶段，时期，局面；方面Phase voltage 相电压three-phase三相Phasor n.相量，相图，相位负矢量Phasor diagram 相量图Passive a.无源的；消极的，被动的；n.无源Passive element 无源元件Polarity n.极性Planar a.平面的，平的；二维的，二度的Power n.功率，效率；动力，电力，能力，电源；乘方，幂Potential difference n.电位差Property n.属性Proton n.质子Quotient n.商，系数；份额，应分得的部分Resistor n.电阻，电阻器Resistance n.电阻，电阻器；阻尼，阻力；抵抗，抵制，反对Reference direction参考方向Rectangular a.矩形的，直角的，正交的Rearrange v.重新整理，调整Siemens n.西门子Source n.电源Current-controlled voltagesource电流控制电压源Sequence n.顺序，次序，时序，序列，系列Positive sequence正序Phase sequence相序Negative sequence 负序Simultaneous a.联立方程的；同时（存在，发生）的，一起的，同步的Symmetry n.对称（性，现象）匀称，调和Sinusoidal a.正弦的Steady-state a.稳态的Superposition theorem叠加定理Stated n.规定值Theorem n.定理，原理，命题，法则Transistor n.晶体管，半导体管Time-varying a.时变的Token n.标记，象征，记号；特征，证明Topology n.拓扑，拓扑学，拓扑结构Topologically ad.在拓扑结构上，从拓扑结构Transform v.;n.变换，改变，转换，换算；变换式，反式Transmission n.输电，传Underlying n.基本的，根本的；潜在的，在下面的，下伏的Voltage n.电压Terminal voltage 端电压Linear voltage 线电压Variable n.变量Independent variable自变量Volt n.伏特Voltaic battery伏打电池Voltage-current characteristic伏安特性Work n.功Watt n.瓦特It should be noted that an ideal voltage source(dependent or independent) will produce any current required to ensure that the terminal voltage is as stated, whereas an ideal current source will produce the necessary voltage to ensure the stated current flow.应该注意：一个理想电压源（独立或受控）可向电路提供任意电流以保证其端电压为规定值，而电流源可向电路提供任意电压以保证其规定电流。
A different class of relationship occurs because of the restriction that some specific type of network element places on the variables. Still another class of relationship is one between several variables of the same type which occurs as the result of the network configuration, i.e., the manner in which the various element of the network are interconnected.一种不同类型的关系是由于网络元件的某种特定类型的连接对变量的约束。