高一英语必修4_unit4语法

注意一： V-ing 作状语必须具备以下两个条件：
1.使用V-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须 与主句的主语一致；
2.使用V-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语与主 句主语的关系必须是主动关系。
1. 使用V-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语 必须与主句的主语一致。如：
seeing 的逻辑主语也是the thief
2. V-ing 作原因状语
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because he was so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
Being a student, you should study hard. =Since you are a student, you should study hard.
The building being built now is our new library.
3. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
1. The bottle which contained the poison was sent to the laboratory.
The bottle containing the poison was sent to the laboratory.
2. The building which is being built now is our new library.
6. V-ing 作让步状语
Working from morning till night, his father didn’t get enough food. =Although his father worked from morning till night, he didn’t get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是 挣不到足够的吃的。
5. V-ing 作结果状语
eg: Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off.
全国到处在传唱这首歌曲, 使它成了一首 最受欢迎的歌曲。 The song is sung all over the country, __m__a_k_in_g__it__th_e__m_o_s_t_p__o_p_u_la_r__so_n__g___.
4. V-ing 作伴随状语
He sat on the sofa, watching TV. =He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. = They came into the classroom and they sang and laughed. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。
Read the sentences from the text.
1. I stood for a minute watching them and went to greet them. V-ing 作伴随状语
2. She stepped back appearingVs-iunrgp作ris伴ed随…状语 3. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in
smiling, together with … V-ing 作伴随状语 4. They also express their feelings using
unspoken language through physical distance… V-ing 作方式状语
二、V-ing 形式作状语
V-ing 短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰 谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的 时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随 等情况。V-ing短语作状语，在功能上 相当于一个完整的状语从句。
V-ing man running in
后置定语
the picture is Liu Xiang.
The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.
Practice
Rewrite the following sentences.
3. V-ing 作条件状语 Working harder, you will succeed. =If you work harder, you will succeed.
一直往前走, 你就会看到一座白色的房子。
If you walk ahead, you’ll see a white house. _W__a_lk__in_g__a_h_e_a_d_, you will see a white house.
1. V-ing作时间状语
Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)
_H_e_a_r_in_g__t_h_e_b_a_d__n_e_w_s_, they couldn’t help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
Seeing the policeman, the thief ran away quickly.
= When he saw the policeman, the thief ran away quickly.