(全国通用版)高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷4Unit4Earthquakes新人教版必修1

Unit 4 EarthquakesⅠ.阅读理解AMike Godwin is an American lawyer and author who invented“Godwin's Law” in 1990 when he made the followingstatement：As an online discussion grows longer, a comparisoninvolving Nazis or Hitler is very likely to be made.Godwin's Law is applicable to online discussions in forums, chat rooms, and on blogs. The term has earned a place in the Oxford English Dictionary：Godwin's Law: noun. A facetious aphorism(有趣的格言) maintaining that as an online debate increases in length, it becomes certain that someone will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis.Although __coined__ to describe an Internet phenomenon, the term is being applied to the use of “the Nazi card” in other contexts.A complaint by many fo rum users is that the so­called law is ending discussion. One makes a Nazi comparison and another cries, “You said Hitler, so I win！” At that point, the discussion ends. The term has created a verb, “to Godwin，” as in, “You Godwined this discussion！”The mention of Godwin's Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion. Here is a complaint voiced by a forum user：It seems like Godwin's Law is becoming a real problem for any sort of discussion on the internet. Whenever Hitler, or Nazis, is brought up in a discussion, the discussion is then over and the poster who mentioned the subject is laughed at. This would be a problem if people mention Godwin's Law when the Hitler/Nazi mention is relevant to the topic at hand.语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了高德温法则的来历以及意义，并举例对其进行说明。

1．What will certainly happen according to “Godwin's Law” if the online discussion is lengthened?A．The debaters will maintain their justice.B．The debaters will mention Hitler or Nazis.C．The debaters will earn a place in the forum.D．The debaters will become very sick and tired.解析B细节理解题。

根据第二段可知，当网上辩论时间变长时，参加讨论的人非常有可能会提到希特勒或者纳粹分子，故选B项。

2．What does the underlined word “coined” in the fifth paragraph mean probably?A．Built. B．Adapted.C．Classified. D．Invented.解析D词义猜测题。

根据第五段可知，Godwin's Law这个词一开始是用来描述网络现象的，后来又开始用于其他情境，所以该画线词表示“创造(新词语)”，故选D项。

3．What is the mention of “Godwin's Law” viewed as in a discussion?A．A way of objection. B．A way of complaint.C．A way of ending it. D．A way of creating words.解析C细节理解题。

根据第六段第一句和第七段第一句以及两段中给出的具体例子可知，某讨论一旦出现这样的类比即意味着结束，故选C项。

B(2018·辽宁五校高三模拟)Shortness of breath has many different causes, and the treatment of it is specific for each cause.4．__________ There are, however, some following first aid steps you can use to treat it, at least until the ambulance arrives or you're able to get the victim to a hospital.5．__________ The more energy you spend, the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel. Think about a good workout at the gym. Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath. The cure? Take a break.Let the victim sit, stand or lie where's the most comfortable. There're lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow. Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion. Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position.6．__________Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems. If the victim has oxygen available, this is what it's for.7．__________ The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems. Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.Treat the cause of shortness of breath.8．__________ Asthma patients, for example, often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath. Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctorand heart attack victims may need an ambulance.A．Have the victim rest.B．Take more exercise at the gym.C．The victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.D．There're many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable.E．The victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.F．Every person is different, however, so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable.G．In many cases, the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor.语篇导读本文为说明文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。

4．解析G顺承关系。

本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G项。