原发性头痛的最新分类解读+
头痛的国际分类(第三版)中文
The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon2.1.2 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness2.2.1 Frequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness2.2.2 Frequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness2.3.2 Chronic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness3.3.1 Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) 3.3.1.1 Episodic SUNCT3.3.1.2 Chronic SUNCT3.3.2 Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with cranial autonomic symptoms (SUNA)3.3.2.1 Episodic SUNA3.3.2.2 Chronic SUNA3.4 Hemicrania continua3.5 Probable trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia3.5.1 Probable cluster headache3.5.2 Probable paroxysmal hemicrania3.5.3 Probable short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks3.5.4 Probable hemicrania continua4.其它的原发性头痛Other primary headache disorders ）4.1 Primary cough headache原发性咳嗽头痛4.1.1 Probable primary cough headache4.2 Primary exercise headache原发性运动性头痛4.2.1 Probable primary exercise headache4.3 Primary headache associated with sexual activity原发性性活动伴随的头痛4.3.1 Probable primary headache associated with sexual activity4.4 Primary thunderclap headache原发性霹雳头痛4.5 Cold-stimulus headache冷刺激性头痛4.5.1 Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus4.5.3 Probable cold-stimulus headache4.5.3.1 Headache probably attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.3.2 Headache probably attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus则可两者均可作为诊断4.10 New daily persistent headache (NDPH) 新症每日持续性头痛4.10.1 Probable new daily persistent headach二、继发性头痛（the secondary headaches）5.缘于头、颈部外伤的头痛（Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck）5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.1.1 Acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.1.2 Acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.2.1 Persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.2.2 Persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.3 Acute headache attributed to whiplash5.4 Persistent headache attributed to whiplash5.5 Acute headache attributed to craniotomy5.6 Persistent headache attributed to craniotomy6.缘于头颈部血管疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder ）6.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack6.1.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction)6.1.2 Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA)6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome)脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)6.7.1 Headache attributed to an intracranial endovascular procedure6.7.2 Angiography headache6.7.3 Headache attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS)6.7.3.1 Headache probably attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstrictionsyndrome (RCVS)6.7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial arterial dissection颅内动脉夹层6.8 Headache attributed to genetic vasculopathy6.8.1 Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)6.8.2 Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS)6.8.3 Headache attributed to another genetic vasculopathy6.9 Headache attributed to pituitary apoplexy垂体卒中7.缘于非血管性颅内疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder ）7.1 Headache attributed to increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压增高7.1.1 Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)7.1.2 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic or hormonal causes7.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalus7.2 Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压低下7.2.1 Post-dural puncture headache腰穿后7.2.2 CSF fistula headache脑脊液漏7.2.3 Headache attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension自发性低颅压7.3 Headache attributed to non-infectious inflammatory disease非感染性炎性疾病7.3.1 Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis7.3.2 Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningitis7.3.3 Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease7.3.4 Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis7.3.5 Syndrome of transient Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL)7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasia颅内新生物7.4.1 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm7.4.1.1 Headache attributed to colloid cyst of the third ventricle7.4.2 Headache attributed to carcinomatous meningitis癌性脑膜炎7.4.3 Headache attributed to hypothalamic or pituitary hyper- or hyposecretion7.5 Headache attributed to intrathecal injection鞘内注射7.6 Headache attributed to epileptic seizure7.6.1 Hemicrania epileptica癫痫半颅痛7.6.2 Post-ictal headache癫痫发作后头痛7.7 Headache attributed to Chiari malformation type I (CM1)7.8 Headache attributed to other non-vascular intracranial disorder8.缘于物质或物质戒断的头痛（Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal）8.1 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to a substance or its withdrawal缘于某种物质的应用或戒断8.1.1.2 Delayed NO donor-induced headache8.1.2 Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor-induced headache磷酸二酯酶抑制剂8.1.3 Carbon monoxide (CO)-induced headache一氧化碳诱发8.1.4 Alcohol-induced headache酒精诱发8.1.4.1 Immediate alcohol-induced headache8.1.4.2 Delayed alcohol-induced headache8.1.5 Headache induced by food and/or additive由于食物成分/添加剂诱发8.1.5.1 Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced headache谷氨酸单钠盐（味精）8.1.6 Cocaine-induced headache可卡因诱发8.1.7 Histamine-induced headache组织胺诱发8.1.7.1 Immediate histamine-induced headache8.1.7.2 Delayed histamine-induced headache8.1.8 Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced headache降钙素基因相关多肽诱发8.1.8.1 Immediate CGRP-induced headache8.1.8.2 Delayed CGRP-induced headache8.1.9 Headache attributed to exogenous acute pressor agent8.1.10 Headache attributed to occasional use of non-headache medication8.1.11 Headache attributed to long-term use of non-headache medication8.1.12 Headache attributed to exogenous hormone8.1.13 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to other substance8.2.4 Opioid-overuse headache鸦片类8.2.5 Combination-analgesic-overuse headache复合制剂过度应用8.2.6 Medication-overuse headache attributed to multiple drug classes not individually over used联合用药所致8.2.7 Medication-overuse headache attributed to unverified overuse of multiple drug classes8.2.8 Medication-overuse headache attributed to other medication8.3 Headache attributed to substance withdrawal物质戒断8.3.1 Caffeine-withdrawal headache咖啡因8.3.2 Opioid-withdrawal headache鸦片类8.3.3 Oestrogen-withdrawal headache雌激素8.3.4 Headache attributed to withdrawal from chronic use of other substance9.缘于感染的头痛（Headache attributed to infection）9.1 Headache attributed to intracranial infection颅内感染9.1.1 Headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis细菌性脑膜炎/脑膜脑炎9.1.1.1 Acute headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.3 Persistent headache attributed to past bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.2 Headache attributed to viral meningitis or encephalitis病毒性脑膜炎或脑炎9.1.2.1 Headache attributed to viral meningitis9.1.2.2 Headache attributed to viral encephalitis9.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection真菌或寄生虫感染9.1.3.1 Acute headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.4 Headache attributed to brain abscess脑脓肿9.1.5 Headache attributed to subdural empyema硬膜下积脓9.2 Headache attributed to systemic infection系统感染9.2.1 Headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection系统细菌感染9.2.1.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.2 Headache attributed to systemic viral infection系统病毒感染9.2.2.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.2.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.3 Headache attributed to other systemic infection其他系统感染9.2.3.1 Acute headache attributed to other systemic infection9.2.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to other systemic infection10.缘于内环境紊乱的头痛（Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis）10.1 Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia缺氧和/或高碳酸血症10.1.1 High-altitude headache高海拔头痛10.1.2 Headache attributed to aeroplane travel飞行头痛10.1.3 Diving headache潜水头痛10.1.4 Sleep apnoea headache睡眠呼吸暂停性头痛10.2 Dialysis headache10.3 Headache attributed to arterial hypertension高血压性头痛10.3.1 Headache attributed to phaeochromocytoma嗜络细胞瘤10.3.2 Headache attributed to hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy无高血压脑病的高血压危象10.3.3 Headache attributed to hypertensive encephalopathy高血压脑病10.3.4 Headache attributed to pre-eclampsia or eclampsia先兆子痫10.3.5 Headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia自主反射障碍10.4 Headache attributed to hypothyroidism甲状腺低下10.5 Headache attributed to fasting禁食10.6 Cardiac cephalalgia心源性头痛10.7 Headache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis其他内环境稳定失调疾患11.缘于头、颈、眼、耳、鼻、鼻窦、牙、口或其他头面部结构病变的头面痛（Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck,eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure ）11.1 Headache attributed to disorder of cranial bone颅骨11.2 Headache attributed to disorder of the neck 颈部11.2.1 Cervicogenic headache11.2.2 Headache attributed to retropharyngeal tendonitis11.2.3 Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia11.3 Headache attributed to disorder of the eyes眼睛11.3.1 Headache attributed to acute glaucoma急性青光眼11.3.2 Headache attributed to refractive error屈光不正11.3.3 Headache attributed to heterophoria or heterotropia (latent or persistent squint)斜视11.3.4 Headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disorder11.3.5 Headache attributed to trochleitis11.4 Headache attributed to disorder of the ears耳朵11.5 Headache attributed to disorder of the nose or paranasal sinuses鼻子或鼻窦11.5.1 Headache attributed to acute rhinosinusitis急性鼻窦炎11.5.2 Headache attributed to chronic or recurring rhinosinusitis11.6 Headache attributed to disorder of the teeth or jaw11.7 Headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (TMD)11.8 Head or facial pain attributed to inflammation of the stylohyoid ligament11.9 Headache or facial pain attributed to other disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose,sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure12.缘于精神疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder）12.1 Headache attributed to somatization disorder躯体化障碍12.2 Headache attributed to psychotic disorder精神疾病三、脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛（painful cranial neuropathies, other facial pains and other headaches）13.脑神经痛和中枢性颜面痛（Painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains）13.1 Trigeminal neuralgia三叉神经痛13.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia13.1.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia, purely paroxysmal13.1.1.2 Classical trigeminal neuralgia with concomitant persistent facial pain13.1.2 Painful trigeminal neuropathy13.1.2.1 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to acute Herpes zoster13.1.2.2 Post-herpetic trigeminal neuropathy13.1.2.3 Painful post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy13.1.2.4 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to multiple sclerosis (MS) plaque13.1.2.5 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to space-occupying lesion13.1.2.6 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to other disorder13.2 Glossopharyngeal neuralgia舌咽神经痛13.3 Nervus intermedius (facial nerve) neuralgia中间神经痛（面神经痛）13.3.1 Classical nervus intermedius neuralgia13.6 Headache attributed to ischaemic ocular motor nerve palsy缺血性眼神经麻痹13.7 Tolosa-Hunt syndrome13.8 Paratrigeminal oculosympathetic (Raeder’s) syndrome13.9 Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy复发性痛性眼肌麻痹13.10 Burning mouth syndrome (BMS)13.11 Persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP)13.12 Central neuropathic pain中枢神经痛13.12.1 Central neuropathic pain attributed to multiple sclerosis (MS)13.12.2 Central post-stroke pain (CPSP)14. 其他头痛（Other headache disorders）。
头痛的国际分类(第三版)中文
The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon头痛分类的国际标准(ICHD-III)概述：头痛分为三大组：原发性头痛；继发性头痛；脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛。
每一种原发性头痛均视为一种独立的疾病；继发性头痛一般只是某种疾病的一种症状，该头痛称为“缘于”此种疾病的头痛。
三大组头痛共分为14类： 一、原发性头痛（the primary headaches ） 1.偏头痛（Migraine ） 1.1 Migraine without aura 无先兆偏头痛 1.2 Migraine with aura 有先兆偏头痛 1.2.1 Migraine with typical aura 1.2.1.1 Typical aura with headache 1.2.1.2 Typical aura without headache 1.2.2 Migraine with brainstem aura 1.2.3 Hemiplegic migraine 偏瘫型偏头痛1.2.3.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM)—家族性 1.2.3.1.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1) 1.2.3.1.2 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) 1.2.3.1.3 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3) 1.2.3.1.4 Familial hemiplegic migraine, other loci 1.2.3.2 Sporadic hemiplegic migraine —散发性 1.2.4 Retinal migraine 1.3 Chronic migraine 慢性偏头痛1.4 Complications of migraine 偏头痛并发症1.4.1 Status migrainosus 偏头痛持续状态 1.4.2 Persistent aura without infarction 1.4.3 Migrainous infarction 偏头痛脑梗死 1.4.4 Migraine aura-triggered seizure 1.5 Probable migraine 很可能的偏头痛 1.5.1 Probable migraine without aura1.5.2 Probable migraine with aura 1.6 Episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine 可能与偏头痛有关的发作性综合征1.6.1 Recurrent gastrointestinal disturbance1.6.1.1Cyclical vomiting syndrome 周期性呕吐 1.6.1.2 Abdominal migraine 腹型偏头痛1.6.2 Benign paroxysmal vertigo 良性发作性眩晕1.6.3 Benign paroxysmal torticollis 良性发作性斜颈2.紧张型头痛（Tension-type headache ）每次发作持续30min-7d ，慢性者可持续不缓解2.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache 偶发性 <1d/月，至少10次以上（<12d/年）2.1.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness无先兆偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-D 特征，至少发作5次发作B ：头痛（未经治疗）发作持续4-72小时C ：至少有以下特征中的2项单侧性、搏动性、中重度痛、日常活动会加重D ：至少以下一项伴随症状：恶心和/或呕吐、畏光和畏声E ：不能归因于其他 先兆性偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-C 特征，至少发作2次发作B ：完全可逆以下症状的1项或多项✓ 视觉、感觉、语言障碍（典型先兆）✓ 肢体无力症状（偏瘫型偏头痛）✓ 脑干症状（基底型偏头痛）视网膜症状（视网膜型偏头痛）C ：至少有以下特征中的2项 ✓ 至少1个先兆逐渐发展的过程>5min ，和/或 不同先兆接连发生过程>5min ✓ 每个先兆症状持续时间5-60min✓ 至少一个先兆症状为单侧性✓ 先兆发生同时或之后内60min 出现符合偏头痛 D ：不能归因于其他 肢体无力症状可以持续至72h ，部分患者肢体无力感可持续数周； 若患者先兆持续1周以上，称为无梗死的持续先兆一般先兆症状多为双侧，可持续数月或数年 若先兆持续60min 至1周以内，则称为propablemigraine with aura若出现影像学梗死灶，则称为偏头痛性脑梗死 （年轻女性，后循环比较常见） 慢性偏头痛：偏头痛发作每月>15天，连续3个月以上 偏头痛持续状态：单次发作持续72小时以上4.5 Cold-stimulus headache 冷刺激性头痛 4.5.1 Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus 4.5.3 Probable cold-stimulus headache4.5.3.1 Headache probably attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.3.2 Headache probably attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus 4.6 External-pressure headache 4.6.1 External-compression headache 4.6.2 External-traction headache 4.6.3 Probable external-pressure headache4.6.3.1 Probable external-compression headache 4.6.3.2 Probable external-traction headache 4.7 Primary stabbing headache4.7.1 Probable primary stabbing headache4.8 Nummular headache4.8.1 Probable nummular headache4.9 Hypnic headache4.9.1 Probable hypnic headache4.10 New daily persistent headache (NDPH) 新症每日持续性头痛4.10.1 Probable new daily persistent headach 二、继发性头痛（the secondary headaches ）5.缘于头、颈部外伤的头痛（Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck ）5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.1.1 Acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.1.2 Acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.2.1 Persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.2.2 Persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.3 Acute headache attributed to whiplash5.4 Persistent headache attributed to whiplash5.5 Acute headache attributed to craniotomy5.6 Persistent headache attributed to craniotomy6.缘于头颈部血管疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder ）6.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack6.1.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction)6.1.2 Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA)6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage 非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿NDPH 诊断标准： A ：持续性头痛，符合B-C 的标准B ：Distinct and clearly remembered onset, with pain becomingcontinuous and unremitting within 24 hours C ：Present for>3 monthsD ：除外其他疾患 慢性头痛，起病急，可清晰回忆发病时间为哪一天 疼痛缺乏特点，可以为偏头痛，可以为紧张性，亦可两者混合 若患者符合慢性偏头痛或慢性紧张型头痛的标准，则不诊断NDPH 若患者为药物过度使用性头痛，且符合NDPH 的标准， 则可两者均可作为诊断6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation 未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome) 脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)颞动脉炎诊断标准：美国风湿学会1990年1. 50岁以上发病：50岁以上发现症状2．新发的头痛：出现新发的局限性头痛3．颞动脉异常：颞动脉压痛或者与颈动脉的动脉硬化无关的搏动减弱4．血沉值升高：50mm/h以上5．动脉活检异常：单核细胞为主的细胞浸润或者伴多核巨细胞的肉芽肿出现为特征的血管炎证据5项中如满足3项以上，敏感度93．5％。
头痛地国际分类第三版中文
The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon 头痛分类的国际标准(ICHD-III)概述：头痛分为三大组：原发性头痛；继发性头痛；脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛。
每一种原发性头痛均视为一种独立的疾病；继发性头痛一般只是某种疾病的一种症状，该头痛称为“缘于”此种疾病的头痛。
三大组头痛共分为14类： 一、原发性头痛（the primary headaches ） 1.偏头痛（Migraine ） 1.1 Migraine without aura 无先兆偏头痛 1.2 Migraine with aura 有先兆偏头痛 1.2.1 Migraine with typical aura1.2.1.1 Typical aura with headache 1.2.1.2 Typical aura without headache 1.2.2 Migraine with brainstem aura 1.2.3 Hemiplegic migraine 偏瘫型偏头痛1.2.3.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM)—家族性 1.2.3.1.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1)1.2.3.1.2 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2)1.2.3.1.3 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3) 1.2.3.1.4 Familial hemiplegic migraine, other loci 1.2.3.2 Sporadic hemiplegic migraine —散发性 1.2.4 Retinal migraine 1.3 Chronic migraine 慢性偏头痛1.4 Complications of migraine 偏头痛并发症1.4.1 Status migrainosus 偏头痛持续状态 1.4.2 Persistent aura without infarction 1.4.3 Migrainous infarction 偏头痛脑梗死 1.4.4 Migraine aura-triggered seizure 1.5 Probable migraine 很可能的偏头痛 1.5.1 Probable migraine without aura1.5.2 Probable migraine with aura 1.6 Episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine 可能与偏头痛有关的发作性综合征1.6.1 Recurrent gastrointestinal disturbance1.6.1.1Cyclical vomiting syndrome 周期性呕吐 1.6.1.2 Abdominal migraine 腹型偏头痛1.6.2 Benign paroxysmal vertigo 良性发作性眩晕1.6.3 Benign paroxysmal torticollis 良性发作性斜颈2.紧张型头痛（Tension-type headache ）每次发作持续30min-7d ，慢性者可持续不缓解2.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache 偶发性 <1d/月，至少10次以上（<12d/年）2.1.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness无先兆偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-D 特征，至少发作5次发作B ：头痛（未经治疗）发作持续4-72小时C ：至少有以下特征中的2项单侧性、搏动性、中重度痛、日常活动会加重D ：至少以下一项伴随症状：恶心和/或呕吐、畏光和畏声E ：不能归因于其他 先兆性偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-C 特征，至少发作2次发作B ：完全可逆以下症状的1项或多项✓ 视觉、感觉、语言障碍（典型先兆）✓ 肢体无力症状（偏瘫型偏头痛）✓ 脑干症状（基底型偏头痛） 视网膜症状（视网膜型偏头痛） C ：至少有以下特征中的2项 ✓ 至少1个先兆逐渐发展的过程>5min ，和/或 不同先兆接连发生过程>5min ✓ 每个先兆症状持续时间5-60min✓ 至少一个先兆症状为单侧性✓ 先兆发生同时或之后内60min 出现符合偏头痛 D ：不能归因于其他 肢体无力症状可以持续至72h ，部分患者肢体无力感可持续数周； 若患者先兆持续1周以上，称为无梗死的持续先兆一般先兆症状多为双侧，可持续数月或数年若先兆持续60min 至1周以内，则称为propablemigraine with aura若出现影像学梗死灶，则称为偏头痛性脑梗死 （年轻女性，后循环比较常见） 慢性偏头痛：偏头痛发作每月>15天，连续3个月以上偏头痛持续状态：单次发作持续72小时以上4.3.1 Probable primary headache associated with sexual activity 4.4 Primary thunderclap headache 原发性霹雳头痛 4.5 Cold-stimulus headache 冷刺激性头痛 4.5.1 Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus4.5.3 Probable cold-stimulus headache 4.5.3.1 Headache probably attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.3.2 Headache probably attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus4.6 External-pressure headache 4.6.1 External-compression headache 4.6.2 External-traction headache 4.6.3 Probable external-pressure headache4.6.3.1 Probable external-compression headache4.6.3.2 Probable external-traction headache 4.7 Primary stabbing headache 4.7.1 Probable primary stabbing headache 4.8 Nummular headache 4.8.1 Probable nummular headache4.9 Hypnic headache4.9.1 Probable hypnic headache4.10 New daily persistent headache (NDPH) 新症每日持续性头痛4.10.1 Probable new daily persistent headach 二、继发性头痛（the secondary headaches ）5.缘于头、颈部外伤的头痛（Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck ）5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.1.1 Acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.1.2 Acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.2.1 Persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.2.2 Persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.3 Acute headache attributed to whiplash5.4 Persistent headache attributed to whiplash5.5 Acute headache attributed to craniotomy5.6 Persistent headache attributed to craniotomy6.缘于头颈部血管疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder ）6.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack6.1.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction)6.1.2 Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA)6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage 非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)NDPH 诊断标准：A ：持续性头痛，符合B-C 的标准B ：Distinct and clearly remembered onset, with pain becomingcontinuous and unremitting within 24 hours C ：Present for>3 months D ：除外其他疾患慢性头痛，起病急，可清晰回忆发病时间为哪一天 疼痛缺乏特点，可以为偏头痛，可以为紧张性，亦可两者混合若患者符合慢性偏头痛或慢性紧张型头痛的标准，则不诊断NDPH 若患者为药物过度使用性头痛，且符合NDPH 的标准， 则可两者均可作为诊断6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome)脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)颞动脉炎诊断标准：美国风湿学会1990年1. 50岁以上发病：50岁以上发现症状2．新发的头痛：出现新发的局限性头痛3．颞动脉异常：颞动脉压痛或者与颈动脉的动脉硬化无关的搏动减弱4．血沉值升高：50mm/h以上5．动脉活检异常：单核细胞为主的细胞浸润或者伴多核巨细胞的肉芽肿出现为特征的血管炎证据5项中如满足3项以上，敏感度93．5％。
头痛的鉴别诊断
头痛的鉴别诊断头痛是临床上常见的症状之一，但其病因却多种多样。
在进行头痛的鉴别诊断时，需要综合考虑患者的病史、临床表现以及必要的辅助检查。
下面将介绍头痛的鉴别诊断及相关内容。
一、原发性头痛原发性头痛是一类无明确病因的头痛，主要包括偏头痛、紧张性头痛和群体头痛。
这些头疼痛的特点和症状各不相同，需要通过详细的询问和检查来进行鉴别。
偏头痛偏头痛是一种周期性、搏动性的头痛，通常伴随着恶心、呕吐、光线过敏和噪音过敏等症状。
常见于青壮年女性，可能与遗传、神经血管反应异常等因素有关。
紧张性头痛紧张性头痛是最常见的头痛类型，表现为双侧头痛，持续性、钝痛或压缩痛感，常与情绪紧张、工作压力等因素有关。
群体头痛群体头痛是一种非常严重的头痛，表现为一侧颞部剧烈疼痛，伴随着眼结膜充血、流泪等自主神经症状，常发作于夜间。
二、继发性头痛继发性头痛是由其他已知疾病或药物引起的头痛，如颅内器质性病变、颅外疾病等。
在鉴别诊断时，需要注意以下一些可能的原因：颅内器质性病变•颅内占位性病变：如颅内肿瘤、脑出血、蛛网膜下腔出血等。
•蛛网膜下腔血肿：表现为剧烈头痛、意识障碍等症状。
•颅内感染：如脑膜炎、脑脓肿等，常伴有发热、意识障碍等表现。
颅外疾病•高血压造成的颅内动脉瘤破裂：表现为剧烈爆发性头痛、意识障碍等。
•颈椎病：常导致枕下头痛，伴有颈部疼痛、颈部活动受限等症状。
•颅颈部肌肉紧张：常见于长期不良姿势或劳累，表现为颈部疼痛、头痛等症状。
三、其他原因除上述主要类型外，头痛还可能由其他因素引起，如眼部疾病、颞动脉炎、颞颌关节紊乱等。
在进行鉴别诊断时，需全面考虑患者的病史、临床表现和必要的检查结果，以明确病因并制定合理的治疗方案。
综上所述，头痛的鉴别诊断是一个复杂而重要的过程，需要综合考虑各种可能的病因和症状特点。
只有通过科学的方法和严谨的态度，才能更好地帮助患者解决头痛问题。
头痛的定义名词解释
头痛的定义名词解释头痛是我们日常生活中常见的一种不适感，几乎每个人都不陌生。
当头痛来袭时，我们会感到不舒服、困扰和失去工作效率。
但是，头痛并不仅仅是一种症状，它实际上是一种疾病或病理状态的表现。
本文将对头痛进行定义和解释，并探讨头痛的类型、原因以及治疗方法。
头痛是一种由于头部疼痛引起的不适感。
它可能会以一种强烈的刺痛感、压力感、跳动感或灼烧感出现，也可能伴有恶心、呕吐、光过敏或声过敏等不适症状。
根据头痛的性质和发作频率，可以将头痛分为原发性头痛和继发性头痛两大类。
原发性头痛是指头痛本身就是一种疾病，而非其他疾病的症状。
常见的原发性头痛包括偏头痛、紧张性头痛和群发性头痛。
偏头痛是一种反复发作的血管源性头痛，通常伴随着恶心、呕吐和光过敏。
紧张性头痛则是由于头皮肌肉紧张引起的持续性头痛，常常伴随着颈部和肩部紧张。
而群发性头痛则是一种严重而周期性的头痛，每次发作持续时间短，但发作频率高。
继发性头痛则是其他疾病或病理状态的症状之一。
这些疾病可以是很多原因引起的，比如头部感染、颅内肿瘤、颈椎病变以及脑血管疾病等。
当这些疾病存在时，头痛通常是伴随其他症状出现的，如发热、视力模糊、意识障碍等。
因此，及早发现和治疗引起继发性头痛的根本原因非常重要。
头痛的原因多种多样。
对于原发性头痛，其具体的病因目前尚不完全清楚，但研究表明遗传因素、神经递质异常以及环境和生活方式等均可能与原发性头痛的发生有关。
继发性头痛则可以被追溯到其他疾病或病理状态的存在，如颈椎病变、头部外伤、脑血管疾病等。
对于头痛的治疗，针对原发性头痛，我们可以采用多种手段进行缓解。
对于偏头痛，药物治疗是常见的方法，如非甾体类消炎药和特定的偏头痛药物。
此外，改变生活方式和避免诱因也是预防偏头痛发作的重要措施。
对于紧张性头痛，心理治疗、放松训练等非药物治疗方法有效。
对于群发性头痛，针灸和特定药物有时可以缓解症状。
对于继发性头痛，治疗的重点在于针对潜在病因进行治疗，比如抗感染治疗、手术治疗等。
头痛分类的国际标准
头痛分类的国际标准按照头痛分类的国际标准（ ICHD-III）的分类标准，临床上头痛一共有14种类型，每种类型又包含若干种头痛。
偏头痛▎概述临床最常见的原发性头痛，人群中患病率高达5%-10%，也就是说在中国有至少有6500万的患者。
头痛发作位置大多如图所示，疼痛为中重度搏动样头痛，可持续4-72小时，非常影响患者生活。
▎诱因偏头痛的诱因非常复杂，据美国流行病调查统计，大约70%-80%的患者有家族史，同时外界因素（声、光刺激等）和生活规律（食物、睡眠、压力等）也可能引发偏头痛。
▎治疗因此对偏头痛的治疗方案也较多，如果考虑针对病因的治疗，可以让患者记录下每次发作的时间、地点和状况，以便分析其诱因。
针对中轻度头痛，一般治疗可单用非特异性止痛药，如非甾体类消炎药（对乙酰氨基酚、萘普生、布洛芬等）。
对中重度头痛，可选用偏头痛特异性治疗药物如麦角类制剂和曲谱坦类药物。
由于这两类药物有强烈的血管收缩作用，并且长期大量使用可引起严重不良后果，因此，对于以往服用非甾体类消炎药（NSAIDs）效果较好的中重度头痛患者，可以继续给予NSAIDs类药物。
由于偏头痛诱因复杂，部分患者可建议进行心理疏导，对于慢性长期性偏头痛，美国有研究者认为认知行为治疗也是可行的替代方案。
丛集性头痛▎概述此病之所以得这么个名字，是因为它的疼痛成群结队而来，表现为一连串的密集的非搏动性剧痛。
丛集性期长达2周至3个月，每次发作持续15-180分钟。
位置如图，在一侧眼眶或额颞部。
发作时患者坐立不安，部分患者甚至会用拳击打头部以减轻疼痛。
此病发病率比偏头痛较少，近6.8/10万。
▎诱因丛集性头痛一般无家族史，可由饮酒、吸烟、缺氧、热度或高海拔等因素诱发。
其病因尚不明确，一般认为是颅内、外血管扩张导致。
Horton认为与组胺释放有关。
▎治疗对于安定类药物效果不佳的丛集性头痛可给予吸氧（100%氧气8-10L/min，10-15分钟）。
曲普坦类药物可以迅速缓解头痛。
头痛地国际分类(第三版)中文
The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon4.6.3.2 Probable external-traction headache 4.7.1 Probable primary stabbing headache6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome)脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)6.8.2 Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS)6.8.3 Headache attributed to another genetic vasculopathy6.9 Headache attributed to pituitary apoplexy垂体卒中7.缘于非血管性颅内疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder ）7.1 Headache attributed to increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压增高7.1.1 Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)7.1.2 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic or hormonal causes7.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalus7.2 Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压低下7.2.1 Post-dural puncture headache腰穿后7.2.2 CSF fistula headache脑脊液漏7.2.3 Headache attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension自发性低颅压7.3 Headache attributed to non-infectious inflammatory disease非感染性炎性疾病7.3.1 Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis7.3.2 Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningitis7.3.3 Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease7.3.4 Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis7.3.5 Syndrome of transient Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL)7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasia颅内新生物7.4.1 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm7.4.1.1 Headache attributed to colloid cyst of the third ventricle7.4.2 Headache attributed to carcinomatous meningitis癌性脑膜炎7.4.3 Headache attributed to hypothalamic or pituitary hyper- or hyposecretion7.5 Headache attributed to intrathecal injection鞘内注射7.6 Headache attributed to epileptic seizure7.6.1 Hemicrania epileptica癫痫半颅痛7.6.2 Post-ictal headache癫痫发作后头痛7.7 Headache attributed to Chiari malformation type I (CM1)7.8 Headache attributed to other non-vascular intracranial disorder8.缘于物质或物质戒断的头痛（Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal）8.1 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to a substance or its withdrawal缘于某种物质的应用或戒断8.1.1 Nitric oxide (NO) donor-induced headache一氧化氮诱发8.1.1.1 Immediate NO donor-induced headache8.1.1.2 Delayed NO donor-induced headache8.1.2 Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor-induced headache磷酸二酯酶抑制剂8.1.3 Carbon monoxide (CO)-induced headache一氧化碳诱发8.1.4 Alcohol-induced headache酒精诱发8.3.4 Headache attributed to withdrawal from chronic use of other substance9.缘于感染的头痛（Headache attributed to infection）9.1 Headache attributed to intracranial infection颅内感染9.1.1 Headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis细菌性脑膜炎/脑膜脑炎9.1.1.1 Acute headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.3 Persistent headache attributed to past bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.2 Headache attributed to viral meningitis or encephalitis病毒性脑膜炎或脑炎9.1.2.1 Headache attributed to viral meningitis9.1.2.2 Headache attributed to viral encephalitis9.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection真菌或寄生虫感染9.1.3.1 Acute headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.4 Headache attributed to brain abscess脑脓肿9.1.5 Headache attributed to subdural empyema硬膜下积脓9.2 Headache attributed to systemic infection系统感染9.2.1 Headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection系统细菌感染9.2.1.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.2 Headache attributed to systemic viral infection系统病毒感染9.2.2.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.2.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.3 Headache attributed to other systemic infection其他系统感染9.2.3.1 Acute headache attributed to other systemic infection9.2.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to other systemic infection10.缘于内环境紊乱的头痛（Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis）10.1 Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia缺氧和/或高碳酸血症10.1.1 High-altitude headache高海拔头痛10.1.2 Headache attributed to aeroplane travel飞行头痛10.1.3 Diving headache潜水头痛10.1.4 Sleep apnoea headache睡眠呼吸暂停性头痛10.2 Dialysis headache10.3 Headache attributed to arterial hypertension高血压性头痛10.3.1 Headache attributed to phaeochromocytoma嗜络细胞瘤10.3.2 Headache attributed to hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy无高血压脑病的高血压危象10.3.3 Headache attributed to hypertensive encephalopathy高血压脑病10.3.4 Headache attributed to pre-eclampsia or eclampsia先兆子痫10.3.5 Headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia自主反射障碍10.4 Headache attributed to hypothyroidism甲状腺低下10.5 Headache attributed to fasting禁食10.6 Cardiac cephalalgia心源性头痛10.7 Headache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis其他内环境稳定失调疾患11.缘于头、颈、眼、耳、鼻、鼻窦、牙、口或其他头面部结构病变的头面痛（Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck,eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure ）11.1 Headache attributed to disorder of cranial bone颅骨11.2 Headache attributed to disorder of the neck 颈部11.2.1 Cervicogenic headache11.2.2 Headache attributed to retropharyngeal tendonitis11.2.3 Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia11.3 Headache attributed to disorder of the eyes眼睛11.3.1 Headache attributed to acute glaucoma急性青光眼11.3.2 Headache attributed to refractive error屈光不正11.3.3 Headache attributed to heterophoria or heterotropia (latent or persistent squint)斜视11.3.4 Headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disorder11.3.5 Headache attributed to trochleitis11.4 Headache attributed to disorder of the ears耳朵11.5 Headache attributed to disorder of the nose or paranasal sinuses鼻子或鼻窦11.5.1 Headache attributed to acute rhinosinusitis急性鼻窦炎11.5.2 Headache attributed to chronic or recurring rhinosinusitis11.6 Headache attributed to disorder of the teeth or jaw11.7 Headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (TMD)11.8 Head or facial pain attributed to inflammation of the stylohyoid ligament11.9 Headache or facial pain attributed to other disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose,sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure12.缘于精神疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder）12.1 Headache attributed to somatization disorder躯体化障碍12.2 Headache attributed to psychotic disorder精神疾病三、脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛（painful cranial neuropathies, other facial pains and other headaches）13.脑神经痛和中枢性颜面痛（Painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains）13.1 Trigeminal neuralgia三叉神经痛13.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia13.1.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia, purely paroxysmal13.1.1.2 Classical trigeminal neuralgia with concomitant persistent facial pain。
国际头痛新分类和诊断标准
诊断标准
偏头痛
具有典型的前驱症状，如视觉先 兆、感觉异常等，头痛呈单侧、 搏动性，并可能伴有恶心、呕吐
等症状。
紧张性头痛
头痛呈非搏动性，通常表现为双侧 枕部或全头部的压迫感或紧束感， 常伴有颈部的肌肉紧张和疼痛。
丛集性头痛
头痛呈单侧的剧烈疼痛，通常在眼 眶或颞部，并伴有同侧的球结膜水 肿和流泪等症状。
改善患者就医体验
医生准确、个性化的诊断和治疗建议有助于提高患者就医体验，增 强患者对医疗服务的满意度。
THANKS
感谢观看
详细描述
偏头痛的疼痛性质多为搏动性或跳动性，通常位于头部的一侧，可伴随恶心、 呕吐、畏光、畏声等症状。偏头痛的发作频率和持续时间各不相同，可因多种 因素诱发，如情绪压力、缺乏睡眠、饮食不当等。
紧张型头痛
总结词
紧张型头痛是一种常见的原发性头痛，通常表现为头部紧束感或压迫感，伴随颈 部僵硬和肌肉疼痛等症状。
03
CATALOGUE
国际头痛诊断标准
诊断流程
01
02
03
病史采集
详细了解患者的头痛症状 、发作频率、持续时间、 伴随症状等，以及可能的 诱发和缓解因素。
体格检查
进行全面的体格检查，以 排除其他可能导致头痛的 疾病或病因。
诊断分类
根据患者的病史和体格检 查结果，将头痛进行分类 ，如偏头痛、紧张性头痛 、丛集性头痛等。
诊断的准确性和可靠性。
ICHD-III引入了新的头痛类型 ，如药物过度使用性头痛和原
发性咳嗽性头痛等。
ICHD-III还对儿童和青少年头 痛的分类和诊断标准进行了特
别规定。
02
CATALOGUE
国际头痛新分类
偏头痛