2005年英语专八试卷真题及答案
2005考研英语真题答案解析
2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案Section I Use of English (10 points)1-5. CBACB 6-10. ADADB 11-15. CADCD 16-20. BCDABSection II Reading Comprehension (60 points)Part A (40 points) 21-25. CBACB 26-30. CDADB 31-35. ACDDA 36-40. BDABCPart B (10 points) 41-45. ECGFBPart C (10 points)46. 电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。
也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用。
47. 多媒体集团在欧洲就像在其他地方一样越来越成功了。
这些集团把相互关系密切的电视台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社整合到了一起。
48. 仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。
这个事实通过统计数字一目了然，统计表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。
49. 创造一个尊重不同文化和传统的“欧洲统一体”绝非易事，需要战略性选择。
正是这些文化和传统组成了连接欧洲大陆的纽带。
50. 在应付一个如此规模的挑战过程中，我们可以毫不夸张地说，“团结，我们就会站起来；分裂，我们就会倒下去。
”Section ⅢWriting (30 points)Part A (10 points) A Letter, to QuitJun 22, 2005 Dear Mr. Wang,First of all, please allow me to express my deep sorry to you for my resignation. I do know that this will bring about much trouble to you so that I write to you for my explanation.I decided to quit for some reasons as follows. To begin with, the job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions is not suitable to me. What’s more, I’m preparing for another degree and I prefer to further my study. Again, I apologize for my resignation to you!I am looking forward to your early reply.Y ours Sincerely,Li Ming Part B (20 points)A Helpless FatherThe picture ironically shows that a pitiable old man in rags is being helplessly kicked off by his three sons and a daughter, who all wear decent clothes. The father’s negligent children are all guarding their home gates lest their old father “roll into” their households. In other words, they four ignore their moral sense of assuming the responsibility for th eir old father even though they may be all living a satisfying life. That is a painful scene we often encounter in our daily life.Sad to say, the moral decline of the younger generations may be a rather explosive situation in our modern society. People definitely have their living conditions improved by wider and wider margins, as evidenced by the four children’s decent dressing, but their moral sense still remains sadly unchanged or in some cases becomes dramatically downgrading. Most people might have become too much self-centered, and even worse, they discard the tradition of giving respect to the elderly. They no longer care for their elders, let alone their neighbors or the disadvantaged; instead they try every means to avoid responsibility for other citizens. When one cares for others, one might even appear stupid or may even be distrusted.Therefore, we have to take some useful measures to avoid the scene that is mentioned above. We must launch a variety of campaigns about the return to the good tradition of giving help and love the elderly. Moreover, we must appeal to our government to establish some relevant laws to punish those who avoid their duties. The last but not the least, our respect for age is an indication of the progress of human society, as imperatives of traditions require. We sincerely wish that the old man could be welcome to any of the four households, elegantly dressed, and a smile on the face.2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解Section I Use of English1. C 空格前讲的是，和动物相比，人的嗅觉常被认为不灵敏，空格后讲的是，…这主要是因为，…动物，我们是直立的。
2005考研英语真题答案
2005考研英语真题答案2005年考研英语真题是众多考生备战考研的重要资料，通过对真题的分析和解答有助于我们更好地了解考试内容和提升自己的备考效果。
本文将为大家提供2005年考研英语真题的详细解答和答案解析。
Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishPartⅠ1. C) careful2. D) ordinary3. A) atomic4. C) basis5. B) divided6. A) as7. B) deceived8. C) rather9. D) for10. C) while11. A) when12. B) Efforts13. D) properties14. A) impact15. D) currently PartⅡ16. C) provide17. B) evidence18. D) starves19. A) reluctance20. D) In essence21. A) challenges22. B) general23. C) simply24. B) wrong25. C) threatening Part Ⅲ26. C) and27. B) ideas28. C) themselves29. D) preferred30. A) taking31. D) promising32. B) until33. A) establish34. D) do35. B) experiencePart Ⅳ36. manufacturing37. frustrated38. challenge39. squeezed40. neglectedSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart A41. B) it changes the basic nature of desire.42. D) They create desires and then satisfy them.43. C) the dominance of external objects in consumption.44. D) People always have an inclination to desire more.45. A) They relate it to practical achievements.46. C) They are awakening new needs through advertising.47. A) have realized the importance of desires.48. C) Industrialization plays an important role in consumption.49. B) It encourages people to prefer material things.50. D) about people's dependence on the moods of desire.Part B51. C) The reform of the educational system.52. D) The persisting inequality between urban and rural areas.53. A) They believed that ordinary people would succeed.54. C) Encouraging the population to seek further education.55. A) Hesitations over the potential rewards from education.56. B) Recognize the importance of promoting social equality.57. D) Settle for whatever they could achieve through labor.58. B) The disappointment caused by the success of a few individuals.59. A) The rapid advancement of society.60. D) Lack of educational opportunity for all groups.Part C61. D) Enhancing their chances of winning at slots.62. C) Their potential generosity towards others.63. D) They believe they can exert control over the outcome.64. A) They were given money unambiguous control.65. C) The belief in luck.66. B) greater likelihood of gambling.67. A) It is independent of people's social and educational backgrounds.68. D) Information obtained from research.69. B) The spread of gambling.70. D) Life chances in general.Section Ⅲ WritingPart Ⅳ Translation71. TranslationThis year, China's economic reforms have made remarkable achievements. The country's GDP has increased steadily, and people's lives have significantly improved. However, we should not ignore the environmental problems that have arisen in the process of economic development. For example, air pollution and water pollution have become increasingly serious. In order to achieve sustainable development, the Chinese government has implemented a series of measures to address these issues. It has invested heavily in environmental protection projects and enacted laws and regulations to hold polluters accountable. Additionally, the government has encouraged the use of clean energy and promoted green and low-carbon development. It is believed that with the joint efforts of the government and the public, China's environmental situation will gradually improve, and the people will be able to enjoy a better living environment.72. TranslationWith the rapid development of the Internet, online shopping has gained popularity among consumers. Compared to traditional shopping, online shopping offers convenience and flexibility. People can easily browse and compare products from different sellers and make purchases with just a few clicks. Online shopping also provides a wide range of choices, allowing consumers to find specific items that may not be available in local stores. Furthermore, online shopping often offers discounts and promotional deals, making it a cost-effective option. However, there are also potential risks associated with online shopping, such as the quality of products, the security of personal information, and the reliability of sellers. Therefore, consumers should be cautious and take necessary precautions when making online purchases.以上是2005年考研英语真题的详细解答和答案解析，通过对真题的研究和分析，我们可以更好地了解考试内容和备考重点，从而提高备考效果。
2005年考研英语真题及参考答案
2005年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)①The human nose is an underrated tool. ②Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals, we stand upright. ③This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. ④In fact, 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. ⑤Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are8 to far below one part in one million.①Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. ②This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. ③These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. ④However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough.①The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. ②This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells—we simply do not need to be. ③We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house, but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else’s. ④The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1. [A] although [B] as [C] but [D] while2. [A] above [B] unlike [C] excluding [D] besides3. [A] limited [B] committed [C] dedicated [D] confined4. [A] catching [B] ignoring [C] missing [D] tracking5. [A] anyway [B] though [C] instead [D] therefore6. [A] even if [B] if only [C] only if [D] as if7. [A] distinguishing [B] discovering [C] determining [D] detecting8. [A] diluted [B] dissolved [C] dispersed [D] diffused9. [A] when [B] since [C] for [D] whereas10. [A] unusual [B] particular [C] unique [D] typical11. [A] signs [B] stimuli [C] messages [D] impulses12. [A] at first [B] at all [C] at large [D] at times13. [A] subjected [B] left [C] drawn [D] exposed14. [A] ineffective [B] incompetent [C] inefficient [D] insufficient15. [A] introduce [B] summon [C] trigger [D] create16. [A] still [B] also [C] otherwise [D] nevertheless17. [A] sure [B] sick [C] aware [D] tired18. [A] tolerate [B] repel [C] neglect [D] notice19. [A] available [B] reliable [C] identifiable [D] suitable20. [A] similar to [B] such as [C] along with [D] aside fromSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1①Everybody loves a fat pay rise. ②Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn thata colleague has been given a bigger one. ③Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. ④Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.⑤But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.①The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. ②They look cute. ③They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. ④Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.①Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. ②The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food.③Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.④However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.①In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers).②So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. ③And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. ④Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.①The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. ②In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. ③Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. ④Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. ⑤Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. ⑥However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by__________.[A] posing a contrast[B] justifying an assumption[C] making a comparison[D] explaining a phenomenon22. The statement “it is all too monkey” ( Last line, Paragraph 1 ) implies that_________.[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.[B] resenting unfairness is also monkeys’ nature.[C] monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other.[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.23. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are_____.[A] more inclined to weigh what they get.[B] attentive to researchers’ instructions.[C] nice in both appearance and temperament.[D] more generous than their male companions.24. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys________.[A] prefer grapes to cucumbers.[B] can be taught to exchange things.[C] will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.[D] are unhappy when separated from others.25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.Text 2①Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? ②That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? ③That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and thegovernment should stay out of the way? ④Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.①There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. ②The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. ③The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. ④The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report: “Science never has all the answers. ⑤But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”①Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. ②This is a dangerous game: by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late.③With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.①Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. ②But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously. ③Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research—a classic case of “paralysis by analysis.”①To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. ②But research alone is inadequate. ③If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. ④A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. ⑤Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. ⑥If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that__________.[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death.[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant.[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life.[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense.27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as________.[A] a protector [B] a judge[C] a critic [D] a guide28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis”（Last line, Paragraph 4）?[A] Endless studies kill action.[B] Careful investigation reveals truth.[C] Prudent planning hinders progress.[D] Extensive research helps decision-making.29. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?[A] Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.[B] Raise public awareness of conservation.[C] Press for further scientific research.[D] Take some legislative measures.30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because______.[A] they both suffered from the government’s negligence[B] a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former[C] the outcome of the latter aggravates the former[D] both of them have turned from bad to worseText 3① Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control.②In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. ③A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. ④Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”⑤And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. ⑥“It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”①Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. ②The brain is as active during REM（rapid eye movement）sleep—when most vivid dreams occur—as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. ③But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. ④“We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day,” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.①The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. ②Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. ③Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events—until, it appears, we begin to dream.①And this process need not be left to the unconscious. ②Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. ③As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. ④Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. ⑤With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.①At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in a panic,” Cartwright says. ②Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety.③Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. ④For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. ⑤Sleep—or rather dream—on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams___________.[A] can be modified in their courses.[B] are susceptible to emotional changes.[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears.[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs.32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show_________.[A] its function in our dreams[B] the mechanism of REM sleep[C] the relation of dreams to emotions[D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to_______.[A] aggravate in our unconscious mind[B] develop into happy dreams[C] persist till the time we fall asleep[D] show up in dreams early at night34. Cartwright seems to suggest that___________.[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have bad dreams?[A] Lead your life as usual.[B] Seek professional help.[C] Exercise conscious control.[D] Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text 4① Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. ②Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.③In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.①Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. ②Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.①But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt thedeath of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. ②While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. ③Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. ④In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.①Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. ②But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. ③As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive —there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. ④He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.①Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. ②Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms—he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. ③We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. ④A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.36. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English_________.[A] is inevitable in radical education reforms.[B] is but all too natural in language development.[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture.[D] brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s.37. The word “talking” ( Line 6, Paragraph 3 ) denotes__________.[A] modesty [B] personality[C] liveliness [D] informality38. To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.[B] Black English can be more expressive than standard English.[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.[D] Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.39. The description of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s_________.[A] interest in their language[B] appreciation of their efforts[C] admiration for their memory[D] contempt for their old-fashionedness40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china”as_________.[A] “temporary” is to “permanent”[B] “radical” is to “conservative”[C] “functional” is to “artistic”[D] “humble” is to “noble”Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.(41) ____________What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care —to say nothing of reports from other experts — recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.(42) ____________But “national” doesn’t have to mean that. “National” could mean interprovincial—provinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way, one benefit of a “national” organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province—or a series of hospitals within a province—negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.(43) ____________A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-ordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.(44) ____________Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow’s report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”(45) ____________So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent![B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C] What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.[G] Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. (46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed—and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene. (47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful; groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group, while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind.Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able tocompete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. (48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.(49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice—that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of the European Investments Bank, will handle the finances necessary for production costs.(50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say, “United we stand, divided we fall”—and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity,” a unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs &Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2005年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题参考答案Section I Use of English1. C. but2.B. unlike3.A. limited4.C. missing5.B. though6. A. even if7.D. detecting8.A. diluted9.D. whereas 10.B. particular 11. C. messages 12.A. at first 13.D. exposed 14.C. inefficient 15.D. create 16. B. also 17.C. aware 18.D. notice 19.A. available 20.B. such asSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart AText121. C. making a comparison22. B. resenting unfairness is also monkeys’ nature.23. A. more inclined to weigh what they get.24. C. will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.25. B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.26. C. people had the freedom to choose their own way of life.27. D. a guide28. A. Endless studies kill action.29. D. Take some legislative measures.30. B. a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former31. A. can be modified in their courses.32. C. the relation of dreams to emotions33. D. show up in dreams early at night34. D. dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious35. A. Lead your life as usual.36. B. is but all too natural in language development.37. D. informality38. A. Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk39. B. appreciation of their efforts40. C. “functional” is to “artistic”。
2005英语专八翻译真题及参考答案
2005英语专八翻译真题及参考答案PART V TRANSLATION （60 MIN）SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE. 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。
古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。
我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。
答案解析：汉译英：How significant is a person s life? Is there any standard to measure it? It will be very difficult to put forward an absolute standard, but in general, the significance of one s existence can be estimated by how he treats his life, by what attitude he takes to work and what ways he chooses to live. From ancient times up to now, all the accomplished people treat their lives very seriously. They work and, learn as much as possible. They hate to spend the best of their lives in vain, they do not want to let their time slip by. All the laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of our country at all ages treasure their time in this way.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE. It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and a ccomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.英译汉：然而几乎没有什么人会从书中提问：书能给我们什么。
2005年英语专八试卷真题及答 案
PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AI remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow. It was that strange hour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twilight. I marched among thousands of tired men and women whom the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side.I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a banana cart. He looked so lonely, the tears came to my eyes. Then he saw me, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful smile -Charlie Chaplin's smile."Arch, it's Mikey," he said. "So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana."He offered me one. I refused it. I felt it crucial that my father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was shy, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and snow."You haven't sold many bananas today, pop," I said anxiously.He shrugged his shoulders."What can I do? No one seems to want them."It was true. The work crowds pushed home morosely over the pavements. The rusty sky darkened over New York building, the tall street lamps were lit, innumerable trucks, street cars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my father's bananas."I ought to yell," said my father dolefully. "I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat sore. Anyway, I'm ashamed of yelling, it makes me feel like a fool. "I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here and help my father."I'll yell for you, pop," I volunteered."Arch, no," he said, "go home; you have worked enough today. Just tell momma I'll be late."But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller. Nobody else paid attention. Theworkers drifted past us wearily, endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home. Elevated trains crashed; the Cooper Union clock burned above us; the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silent figures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them stopped to buy bananas. I yelled and yelled, nobody listened.My father tried to stop me at last. "Nu," he said smiling to console me, "that was wonderful yelling. Mikey. But it's plain we are unlucky today! Let's go home."I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells. But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him.11. "unyoked" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning toA. sent outB. releasedC. dispatchedD. removed12. Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicated crowds of people?A.Thousands ofB. FlowedC. PouringD. Unyoked13. Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage?A. Huge crowds and lonely individuals.B. Weather conditions and street lamps.C. Clattering trains and peddlers' yells.D. Moving crowds and street traffic.14. Which of the following words is NOT suitable to describe the character of the son?A. CompassionateB. ResponsibleC. ShyD. Determined15. What is the theme of the story?A. The misery of the factory workers.B. How to survive in a harsh environment.C. Generation gap between the father and the son.D. Love between the father and the son.16. What is the author's attitude towards the father and the son?A. IndifferentB. SympatheticC. AppreciativeD. Difficult to tellTEXT B提示：原文出自美国时代杂志（TIME）日期Jan. 29, 2001文章标题No Fall Insurance 作者AN K. SMITH, M.D.When former President Ronald Reagan fell and broke his hip two weeks ago, he joined a group of more than 350,000 elderly Americans who fracture their hips each year. At 89 and suffering from advanced Alzheimer's disease, Reagan is in one of the highest-risk groups for this type of accident. The incidence of hip fractures not only increases after age 50 but doubles every five to six years as the risk of falling increases. Slipping and tumbling are not the only causes of hip fractures; weakened bones sometimes break spontaneously. But falling is the major cause, representing 90% of all hip fractures. These... ...17. The following are all specific measures to guard against injuries with the EXCEPTION ofA. removal of throw rugs.B. easy access to devicesC. installation of grab barsD. re-arrangement of furniture18. In which paragraph does the author state his purpose of writing?A. The third paragraphB. The first paragraphC. The last paragraphD. The last but one paragraph19. The main purpose of the passage is toA. offer advice on how to prevent hip fracturesB. emphasize the importance of health precautionsC. discuss the seriousness of hip fractures.D. identify the causes of hip fractures.TEXT C提示：原文同2003年专八英译汉翻译试题相同In his classic novel, "The Pioneers", James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. "Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?" she asks. He's astonished she can't see them. "Where! Everywhere," he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, "Life for the American is always becoming, never being."... ...20. The third paragraph examines America's future-mindedness from the _________ perspective.A. futureB. realisticC. historicalD. present21. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT brought aboutby future-mindedness?A. Economic stagnationB. Environmental destructionC. High divorce ratesD. Neglect of history22. The word "pooh-pooh" in the sixth paragraph meansA. appreciateB. praiseC. shunD. ridicule23. According to the passage, people at present can forecast ________ of a new round of future-mindedness.A. the natureB. the locationC. the varietyD. the features24. The author predicts in the last paragraph that the study of future-mindedness will focus onA. how it comes into beingB. how it functionsC. what it brings aboutD. what it is related to.TEXT D25. The phrase "men's sureness of their sex role" in the first paragraph suggests that theyA. are confident in their ability to charm women.B. take the initiative in courtship.C. have a clear idea of what is considered "manly".D. tend to be more immoral than women are.26. The third paragraph does NOT claim that menA. prevent women from taking up certain professions.B. secretly admire women's intellect and resolution.C. doubt whether women really mean to succeed in business.D. forbid women to join certain clubs and societies.27. The third paragraphA. generally agrees with the first paragraphB. has no connection with the first paragraphC. repeats the argument of the second paragraphD. contradicts the last paragraph28. At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorous exaggeration in order toA. show that men are stronger than womenB. carry further the ideas of the earliest paragraphsC. support the first sentence of the same paragraphD. disown the ideas he is expressing29. The usual idea of the cave man in the last paragraphA. is based on the study of archaeologyB. illustrates how people expect men to behaveC. is dismissed by the author as an irrelevant jokeD. proves that the man, not woman, should be the wooer30. The opening quotation from Margaret Mead sums up a relationship between man and woman which the authorA. approves ofB. argues is naturalC. completely rejectsD. expects to go on changingPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)31. ______ is the capital city of Canada.A. VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD. York32. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) _________term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?A. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.34. ________ is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic Church.B. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England注：The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion.35. The novel Emma is written byA. Mary Shelley.B. Charlotte Brontë.C. Elizabeth C. Gaskell.D. Jane Austen.36. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George G. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous forA. his poems.B. his plays.C. his short stories.D. his novels注：O. Henry was the pen name of William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 - June 5, 1910), He was famous for his short stories and a master of the surprise ending, O. Henry is remembered best for such enduring favorites as "The Gift of the Magi" and "The Ransom of Red Chief." The combination of humor and sentiment found in his stories is the basis of their universal appeal.38. Syntax is the study ofA. language functions.B. sentence structures.C. textual organization.D. word formation.注：Definition of Syntax:a. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.b. A publication, such as a book, that presents such rules.c. The pattern of formation of sentences or phrases in a language.d. Such a pattern in a particular sentence or discourse.39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness. 任意性B. Productivity. 丰富性C. Cultural transmission. 文化传播性D. Finiteness. 局限性？注：design feature: features that define our human languages, such as arbitrariness, duality, creativity, displacement, cultural transmission, etc.40. The speech act theory was first put forward byA. John Searle.B. John Austin. √C. Noam Chomsky.D. M.A.K. Halliday.注：John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College, Oxford. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford. He occupies a place in the British philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate meaning.11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16.B 17. D 18 A 19 A20. C 21. A 22.D 23.B24.A25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D。
英语专业八级改错真题(2005-2012)完整含答案版本
专八改错2012真题The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favoured certain k ind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______ wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______ literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____2011真题2010年真题So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfectas instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well 1equipped as any other to say the things their speakers want to say. 2There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or 3cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people areequally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice orthe engraving of Benares brass. Whereas this is not the fault of their language. 4The Eskimos can speak about snow with a great deal further precision and 5 subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language(one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise andsubtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect in English, 6a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is simply and obviouslythat the Eskimos and the English live in similar environments. The English 7 language will be just as rich in terms for different kinds of snow, 8 presumably, if the environments in which English was habitually used madesuch distinction as important. 9 Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could beas precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if thesetopics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. For obvious historical reasons, 10 Englishmen in the nineteenth century could not talk about motorcars with theminute discrimination which is possible today: cars were not a part of theirculture. But they had a host of terms for horse-drawn vehicles which send us, puzzled, to a historical dictionary when we are reading Scott or Dickens. Howmany of us could distinguish between a chaise, a landau, a victoria, a brougham,a coupe, a gig, a diligence, a whisky, a calash, a tilbury, a carriole, a phaeton,and a clarence ?2009年真题The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)_____ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learntin early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener (2)__has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. (3)_____The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmittingIt may be something from twenty to seventy years. With the playground (4)_____ lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on whtin the very hour (5)_____it is learnt; and in the general, it passes between children of the (6)_____same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in agebetween playmates to be more than five years. If therefore, a playgroundrhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or (7)_____even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitting overand over; very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three (8)_____hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live (9)____after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____original wording.2008年真题The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is avery natural one, and in result language has played a prominent (1)__________part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate (2)__________a given language to show that they are distinctive from another (3)__________race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States (4)___________split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a (5)__________ different language from those of Britain. There was even one (6)__________ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favouredthe adoption of Greek, thought, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English (7)__________ and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone (8)__________ know, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before. (9)__________ Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world (10)_________ That political independence and national identity can be completeWithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a commonlanguage.2007年真题From what has been said, it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest (1)_____________ records of ancient languages show us language in a new and (2)_____________ emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language (3)_____________ originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the (4)_____________ necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remotetribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of a language with alarge proportion of such cries than we find in English. Ti is true that the (5)__________ absence of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in (6)____________ other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similarnoises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that such noises are (7)____________ similar on the lips of Frenchmen and Malaysians whose languagesare utterly different, serves to emphasize on the fundamental (8)___________ difference between these noises and language proper. We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement are largelyreflex actions, instinctive to large extent, whereas language (9)___________ proper does not consist of signs but of these that have to be learnt (10)___________ and that are wholly conventional.2006年真题We use language primarily as means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in whichwe live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conven- (1)___________ tions as to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a (2)____________ particular message; the English speaker has in his disposal a vocabu- (3)____________ lary and a set of grammatical rules which inables him to communi- (4)___________ cate his thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other (5)____________English speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which heuses actively and that which he recognizes, increases in size as hegrows old, as a result of education and experience. (6)___________But, whether the language store is relatively small or large,the system remains no more than a psychological reality for the indi-vidual, unless he has a means of expressing it in terms able to beseen by another member of his linguistic community; he has to give (7)__________the system a concrete transmission form. We take it for granted the (8)____________two most common forms of transmission—by means of sounds pro-duced by our vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And (9)____________these are among most striking of human achievements. (10)___________2005年真题A number of colleges and universities have announced steep tu-ition increases for next year—much steeper than the current,very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed be-cause of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing (1)__________in common stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the pricethat maximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in in- (2)__________come; and increasingly tihe outlook of universities in the UnitedStates is indistinguishable from those of business firms. The rise in (3)__________tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty increases the de- (4)__________mand for education. The biggest cost of being in the school is fore- (5)___________going income from a job (this primarily a factor in graduate—andprofessional—school tuition): the poor one’s job prospects, the more (6)__________sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable.The ways which universities make themselves attractive to (7)_________students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, givingstudents a governance role, and eliminate required courses, Sky- (8)__________high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the (9)_________rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost tothem of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumnidonations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education inorder to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And untilthey were stopped by the antitrust authorities, the Ivy Leagueschools colluded to limit competition for the best students, byagreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather thanpurely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give dis-counts on their best customer. (10)________参考答案2012年1. going 后加on2. certain 改成some3. rather 后加than4. is 改为was5. in 改为at6. 去掉the7. view 后加that8. 删掉was9. statement 改为statements10.and 改为but2011年1. grew 后加up2. conscience 改成consciousness3. soon 改成sooner4. the 去掉5. disagreeing 改成disagreeable6. imaginative 改成imaginary7. literal 改成literary8. in 去掉9. which 前加in10. Therefore, 改成Nevertheless2010年1 be后插入as;2 their改为its;3 There改为It;4 Whereas改为But5 further 改为much6 come改为bring;7 similar改为different;8 will改为would;9 as important去掉as;10 the part去掉the2009年1. 答案：the further--- a further2. 答案：when---until3. 答案：their---his4. 答案：something---anything5. 答案：therefore---however/nevertheless/yet6. 答案：删掉in the general中的the7. 答案：currently---current8. 答案：over and over ∧--- again9. 答案：live --- alive10. 答案：删掉to let alone中的to2008年1. 答案：in result--- in consequence2. 答案：moves---movements3. 答案：distinctive---distinct/different4. 答案：time ∧ --- when5.答案：accepted--- acknowledged/confirmed/realized6. 答案：those---that7. 答案：删去on8. 答案：At---In9. 答案：carry ∧ with --- on10. 答案：Since---For2007年1. 答案：and – or2. 答案：show后面添加that或把show改成showing3. 答案：删去the4. 答案：and – but/whereas/while5. 答案：large – larger6. 答案：in – on7. 答案：return – in response/reaction/answer8. 答案：删去on9. 答案：增加a10. 答案：these – those2006年1. 答案：agreeing – agreed2. 答案：∧words – these3. 答案：in his disposal – at his disposal.4. 答案：enables – enable5. 答案：the other English speakers –other English speakers6. 答案：old – older7. 答案：seen – understood8. 答案：删去it9. 答案：And – But/Yet/However/Nevertheless10. 答案：most – the most2005年1. 答案：investing – invested2. 答案：irrespective ∧ - of3. 答案：those – that4. 答案：fact ∧ economic – that5. 答案：in the school －去掉the6. 答案：poor – poorer7. 答案：∧which －in或把which改成that, 或删去which8. 答案：eliminate – eliminating9. 答案：shorten – lessen/reduce/minimize/weaken10. 答案：discount on – discount to。
2005英语专八听力真题
EST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2005) -GRADE EIGHT-PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You willhear the lecture ONCE ONL Y. While listening, takenotes on the important points. Your notes will not bem arked, but you will need them to complete agap-filling task after the mini-lect ure. When thelecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your no tes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWERSH EET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Writing a Research PaperI. Research Papers and Ordinary EssayA. Similarity in (1) __________:e.g. —choosing a topic—asking questions—identifying the audienceB. Difference mainly in terms of (2) ___________1. research papers: printed sources2. ordinary essay: ideas in one's (3) ___________II. Types and Characteristics of Research PapersA. Number of basic types: twoB. Characteristics:1. survey-type paper:—to gather (4) ___________—to quote—to (5) _____________The writer should be (6) ___________.2. argumentative (research) paper:a. The writer should do more, e.g.—to interpret—to question, etc.b. (7) _________varies with the topic, e.g.—to recommend an action, etc.III. How to Choose a Topic for a Research PaperIn choosing a topic, it is important to (8) __________.Question No. 1: your familiarity with the topicQuestion No. 2: Availability of relevant information on the chosen topic Question No. 3: Narrowing the topic down to (9) _________Question No. 4: Asking questions about (10) ___________The questions help us to work out way into the topic and discover its possibilit ies.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now li sten to the interview.1. What is the purpose of Professor McKay's report?A. To look into the mental health of old people.B. To explain why people have negative views on old age.C. To help correct some false beliefs about old age.D. To identify the various problems of old age2. Which of the following is NOT Professor McKay's view?A. People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.B. There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.C. We should not expect more physical illness among old people.D. We should not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.3. According to Professor McKay's report,A. family love is gradually disappearing.B. it is hard to comment on family feeling.C. more children are indifferent to their parents.D. family love remains as strong as ever.4. Professor McKay is ________ towards the tendency of more parents living apart from theirchildren.A. negativeB. positiveC. ambiguousD. neutral5. The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against isA. old-age sickness.B. loose family ties.C. poor mental abilities.D. difficulities in maths.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.6. Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin toA. eliminate bacteria.B. treat burns.C. Speed up recovery.D. reduce treatment cost.Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.7. What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?A. It is featured by high technology.B. It allows you to imitate famous singers.C. It can automatically alter the tempo and tone of a song.D. It can be placed in specially designed theme rooms.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.8. China's Internet users had reached _________ by the end of June.A. 68 millionB. 8.9 millionC. 10 millionD. 1.5 millionQuestion 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news it em, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the ne ws.9. According to the WTO, Chinese exports rose _________ last year.A. 21%B. 10%C. 22%D. 4.7310. According to the news, which trading nation in the top 10 has reported a5 per cent fall inexports?A. The UK.B. The US.C. Japan.D. Germany.Part 1, Listening ComprehensionSection A, Mini-LectureI think as seniors, you are often required by yourinstructors to do some librar y research on this topicor that. And, in the end, you have to write aresearch p aper, right? Then what is writing aresearch paper like? How are we going to w rite one?What are the steps in producing a research paper and what are the p oints we need to take careof? In today’s lecture, I’ll try to answer these questi ons.First of all, what is writing a research paper like? We may start by comparing i t to an ordinaryessay, a form of writing you are very familiar with. Writing a r esearch paper is much like writingan essay. Both kinds of writing involve ma ny of the same basic steps. That is, choosing atopic, asking questions to defi ne and develop the topic, identifying the audience, getting rawmaterial to wor k with, outlining the paper, writing it, and, finally, revising it. These are the st epsshared between research paper writing and essay writing.Is there any difference, you may ask. Yes. What makes a research paper diffe rent is that muchof your raw material comes not from your own head, but from printed sources: mainly booksand periodicals in the library. Collecting raw material, that is reading books and taking notes, isvery much like the process of brainstorming at the prewriting stage of an ordinary essay.Generally speaking, there are two basic types of research papers, and a paper may belong toeither type. It may be a survey of facts and opinions availabl e on a given topic or an analytical argument that uses those facts and opinio ns to prove a point. Your instructor maytell you which kind of paper you are e xpected to write. If not, you yourself should eventually choose between surv eying and arguing. You will then have a definite way of managing yoursource s.Now, let’s take a look at how you are going to write a survey-type research p aper or an argumentative research paper. In a survey-type research paper, you gather facts and a variety of opinions on a given topic. You make little at tempt to interpret or evaluate whatyour sources say or to prove a particul ar point. Instead, through quotation, summary, and paraphrase, you try to provide a representative sampling of facts and opinions to give an objecti ve report on your topic. You explain the pros and cons of various attitudes or opinions,but you don’t side definitely with any one of them.While in an argumentative research paper, you do considerably more. You d o not simply quote, paraphrase, and summarize as you do in a survey-typ e paper. You interpret,question, compare, and judge the statements you cite . You explain why one opinion is soundand another is not; why one fact is rel evant and another is not; why one writer is correct andanother is mistaken. What’s more, your purpose may vary with your topic. You may try toexplain a situation to recommend a course of action, to reveal the solution to a pro blem, orto present and defend a particular interpretation of a historical ev ent or a work of art. Butwhether the topic is space travel or trends in contem porary American literature, an argumentative research paper deals actively – I say it again, actively – with the statements itcites. It makes these stateme nts work together in an argument that you create, that is, to anargument lea ding to a conclusion of your own.In the next part of the lecture, I’d like to talk about one of the basic steps in writing Imentioned earlier in the lecture. That is how to choose a topic. Choos ing a topic for a researchpaper is in some ways like choosing a topic for an ordinary essay, but there are somedifferences. As you think about your topic, as k yourself these questions:Question number one: Do you really want to know more about this topic? This is the initial question you have to ask yourself, because research on any subj ect will keep you busy forweeks. You certainly do not wish to waste your time on something you have little interest in.You do it well only if you expect to lea rn something interesting or important in the process.Question number tw Are you likely to find many sources of information on this topic? Youcannot write a research paper without consulting a variety of sour ces. If only one source ornone at all is readily available, you should rethink your topic or choose another.Question number three: Can you cut the topic down to a manageable size? Be reasonable and realistic about what you can do in a short period, say, tw o to four weeks. If your topic is“The American Revolution”,you’ll scarcely hav e time to make a list of books on your subject, letalone read and analyze the m. So try to find something specific, such as “The Role of ThomasJefferson i n the American Revolution” or “The Franco-American Alliance”Question number four: What questions can you ask about the topic itself? Qu estions help youget the topic down to a manageable size, discover its possibi lities, and find the goal of yourresearch, that is, the specific problem you wa nt to investigate. Suppose you want to writeabout the issue of financing a college education – A topic not only current, but also directlylinked to the liv es of most college students and their families. You could ask at least two orthr ee pointed questions: How much does educational opportunity depend on fin ancial status?Is financial aid going to the students who need it most? How m uch should universities andcolleges charge their students? You can ask yourse lf these questions or more as you start workon the research paper.Okay. To sum up, in today’s lecture, we’ve looked at some of the issues in res earch paperwriting, like the basic steps, types of research paper, and how to c hoose a topic. In our nextlecture, we’ll concentrate on how to identify the a udience, how to work out an outline, andhow to edit the draft.Section B, InterviewM: Today, we’ve Professor McKay on our morning talk show. Good morning, Professor McKay.W: Good morning.M: I’ve heard that you and your team have just completed a report on old ag e.W: T hat’s right.M: Could you tell me what your report is about?W: Well, the report basically looks into the various beliefs that people hold ab out old age andtries to verify them.M: And what do you think your report can achieve?W: We hope that it will somehow help people to change their feelings about ol d age. Theproblem is that far too many of us believe that most old people are poor, lonely, and unhappy.As a result, we tend to find old people, as a grou p, unattractive. And this is very dangerousfor our society.M: But surely we cannot escape the fact that many old people are lonely and many are sick.W: No, we can’t. But we must also remember that the proportion of such pe ople is no greateramong the 60-70 age group than among the 50-60 age gro up.M: In other words, there is no more mental illness, for example, among the 60s-70s thanamong the 50s-60s.W: Right! And why should there be? Why should we expect people to suddenl y change whenthey reach their 60th or 60th birthday any more than they did when they reached their 21st?M: But one would expect there to be more physical illness among old people, surely.W: Why should one expect this? After all, those people who reach the age of 65 or 70 are thestrong among us. The weak die mainly in childhood, then in t heir 40s and 50s. Furthermore, bythe time people reach 60 or 65, they have l earned how to look after themselves. They keepwarm, sleep regular hours, an d eat sensibly. Of course, some old people do suffer fromphysical illnesses, b ut these do not suddenly develop on their 65th birthday. People who arehealthy in middle age tend to be healthy in old age, just as one would expect.M: Do you find that young people these days are not as concerned about the ir parents astheir parents were about theirs?W: We have found nothing that suggests that family feeling is either dying or dead. There donot appear to be large numbers of young people who are tryin g, for example, to have their dearold mother locked up in a mental hospital.M: Don’t many more parents live apart from their married children then used to be the case?W: True, but this is because many more young families can afford to own thei r own homesthese days than ever before. In other words, parents and their m arried children usually live in separate households because they prefer it that way, not because the children refuse to havemum and dad living with them.M: Is this a good thing, do you think?W: I think that it’s an excellent arrangement. We all like to keep part of our l ives private, evenfrom those we love dearly. I certainly don’t think that it’s a s ign of the increased loneliness ofold age.M: Are people’s mental abilities affected by old age?W: Certain changes do take place as we grow older, but this happens through out life. Thesechanges are very gradual and happen at different times with dif ferent people, but, in general, ifyou know a person well in his middle age and have seen how he deals with events andproblems, you will easily recognize him in old age.M: So that someone who enjoys new experiences, travel, education, and so o n in his middleyears will usually continue to do so into old age?W: Exactly. We have carried out some very interesting experiments in which a group of peopleaged 60-70 and a group aged 30-40 had to learn the same th ings. The first thing wediscovered was that the young group tends to be quick er at learning than the old group.However, although the old group took longer to learn, eventually, they performed as well asthe young group. And when we tested the two groups several weeks later, there was again nodifference b etween the two groups.M: That’s very interesting indeed. What else did your experiments show?W: Well, one group of old people agreed to attend evening classes for a year t o study Englishand mathematics. In fact, most of this group became so intere sted in their studies that theycontinued them for another year. Anyway, we di scovered that they did best in the Englishclasses and that most of them steadi ly improved their ability to communicate in both thewritten and the spoken l anguage.M: What about the group who studied mathematics?W: Well, that’s a different story. There seems to be no doubt that people find maths moredifficult as they grow older. Though, why this is so, I cannot say.M: Perhaps pocket calculators will solve this problem.W: I think you’re right. In fact, I’m sure that you are.M: Okay. Time for a commercial. Stay tuned; we’ll be right back.Section C: News ItemsQuestion 6M: Scientists in Brazil claim they’ve come up with a new way of treating burn s. That is, withfrog skin. Researchers say it is cheap and effective. The frog s kin has components that diminish the growth of bacteria, making the wound heal faster and reducing the amount oftime that patient has to stay in hospit al. Researchers said the method had already beensuccessfully used in some h ospitals in Brazil.Question 7W: Once a source of high-pitched business activity, Japan’s karaoke industry has slowed down.Japanese have less to sing about amid sustained economic problems. Karaoke firms are now striving to develop new ideas to attract cos t-conscious karaoke singers. These include a new,high-tech machine that all ows people to sing like famous singers and theme rooms on some ofthe Asia n cartoon figures targeted at younger crowds. The new karaoke machine is b eingdeveloped by a professor from the US Massachusetts Institute of Technolo gy. The machineuses a technology called C-Sound that automatically adjuststhe speed and tone of any songbeing played to match the tempo and key th e singer is using. The tempo can be adjusted manually on conventional kar aoke machines, but the new product is the first machine to do it automaticall y.Question 8M: The China Internet Network Information Center said this week that the nat ion’s online community is expanding at a rapid pace, with 8.9 million users added in the first half of theyear, from January to June. China’s Internet popu lation hit 68 million by the end of June, theworld’s second-largest figure afte r the United States. The figure was 10 million at the end of2000 and 1.5 milli on in 1997.“Cyberspace is a force to be reckoned with in China,” said ChenHua Lin, a sen ior Internet analyst at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Netizens between th eages of 18 and 30 are the driving force. They spend 13 hours every week su rfing the Internet,on average. Their major purpose is obtaining information or having fun. At the same time, only0.2 percent listed online shopping, e-busin ess, and online learning as their main activity. As thenumber of China’s Intern et users grows, so does the junk mail. 8.3 e-mails out of 16参考答案:PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTURE1. basic steps2. raw materials3. head4. facts5. explain6. objective7. purpose8. ask questions9. a manageable size 10. the topic itselfSECTION B INTERVIEW1. C2. A3. D4. B5. DSECTION C NEWS BROADCAST6. B7. D8. A9. C 10.。
2005_专八真题_附带答案解析
2005年英语专业八级考试试题原题及参考答案2005年03月06日TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2005)-GRADE EIGHTPARTI LISTENING COMPREHENSION(30MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear amini-lecture.You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY.While listening,take notes on the important points.Yournotes will not be marked,but you will need them to complete agap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over,youwill be given two minutes to check your notes,and another ten minutesto complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET e the blanksheet for note-taking.Writing a Research PaperI.Research Papers and Ordinary Essay A.Similarity in(1)__________:e.g.—choosing a topic—asking questions—identifying the audienceB.Difference mainly in terms of(2)___________1.research papers:printed sources2.ordinary essay:ideas in one's(3) ___________II.Types and Characteristics of Research PapersA.Number of basic types:twoB.Characteristics:1.survey-type paper:—to gather(4)___________—to quote—to(5)_____________—to question,etc.b.(7)_________varies with the topic, e.g.—to recommend an action,etc.324III.How to Choose a Topic for a Research PaperIn choosing a topic,it is important to (8)__________.Question No.1:your familiarity with the topicQuestion No.2:Availability of relevant information on the chosentopicQuestion No.3:Narrowing the topic down to(9)_________Question No.4:Asking questions about (10)___________The questions help us to work out way into the topic and discover itspossibilities.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefullyand then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer toeach question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions1to5are based on an interview. At the end of the interviewyou will be given10seconds to answer each of the following fivequestions.Now listen to the interview.1.What is the purpose of Professor McKay's report?A.To look into the mental health of old people.B.To explain why people have negative views on old age.C.To help correct some false beliefsProfessor McKay's view?A.People change in old age a lot more than at the age of21.B.There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.C.We should not expect more physical illness among old people.D.We should not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.3.According to Professor McKay's report,A.family love is gradually disappearing.B.it is hard to comment on family feeling.C.more children are indifferent to their parents.D.family love remains as strong as ever.4.Professor McKay is________towards the tendency of more parents325living apart from their children.A.negativeB.positiveC.ambiguousD.neutral5.The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provideevidence against isA.old-age sickness.B.loose family ties.C.poor mental abilities.D.difficulities in maths.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefullyand then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer toeach question on your coloured answer sheet.news.6.Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin toA.eliminate bacteria.B.treat burns.C.Speed up recovery.D.reduce treatment cost.Question7is based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to thenews.7.What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?A.It is featured by high technology.B.It allows you to imitate famous singers.C.It can automatically alter the tempo and tone of a song.D.It can be placed in specially designed theme rooms.Question8is based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to thenews.3268.China's Internet users had reached _________by the end of June.A.68millionB.8.9millionC.10millionD. 1.5millionQuestion9and10are based on the following news.At the end of thenews item,you will be given20seconds to answer the question.Nowlisten to the news.9.According to the WTO,Chinese exports rose_________last year.10.According to the news,which trading nation in the top10hasreported a5per cent fall in exports?A.The UK.B.The US.C.Japan.D.Germany.PART II READING COMPREHENSION(30MIN) TEXT AI remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart.I had managedto sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow.It was that strangehour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward inthe twilight.I marched among thousands of tired men and women whomthe factory whistles had unyoked.They flowed in rivers through theclothing factory districts,then down along the avenues to the EastSide.I met my father near Cooper Union.I recognized him,a hunched,frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a banana cart.He looked so lonely,the tears came to my eyes.Then he saw me,and his face lit with hissad,beautiful smile-Charlie Chaplin's smile."Arch,it's Mikey,"he said."So you have sold your papers!Come and327eat a banana."He offered me one.I refused it.I felt it crucial that my father sellhis bananas,not give them away.He thought I was shy,and coaxed andjoked with me,and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and"What can I do?No one seems to want them."It was true.The work crowds pushed home morosely over the pavements.The rusty sky darkened over New York building,the tall street lampswere lit,innumerable trucks,street cars and elevated trains clattered by.Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my father'sbananas."I ought to yell,"said my father dolefully."I ought to make a bignoise like other peddlers,but it makes my throat sore.Anyway,I'mashamed of yelling,it makes me feel like a fool."I had eaten one of his bananas.My sick conscience told me that I oughtto pay for it somehow.I must remain here and help my father."I'll yell for you,pop,"I volunteered. "Arch,no,"he said,"go home;you have worked enough today.Just tellmomma I'll be late."But I yelled and yelled.My father, standing by,spoke occasional wordsof praise,and said I was a wonderful yeller.Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past us wearily, endlessly;a defeated army wrappedin dreams of home.Elevated trains crashed;the Cooper Union clockburned above us;the sky grew black,the wind poured,the slush burnedthrough our shoes.There were thousands of strange,silent figurespouring over the sidewalks in snow.None of them stopped to buy bananas.I yelled and yelled,nobody listened.today!Let's go home."I was frantic,and almost in tears.I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells.But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him.11."unyoked"in the first paragraph is closest in meaning toA.sent outB.releasedC.dispatched328D.removed12.Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicatedcrowds of people?A.Thousands ofB.FlowedC.PouringD.Unyoked13.Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage?A.Huge crowds and lonely individuals.B.Weather conditions and street lamps.C.Clattering trains and peddlers' yells.D.Moving crowds and street traffic.14.Which of the following words is NOT suitable to describe thecharacter of the son?passionateB.ResponsibleC.ShyD.Determined15.What is the theme of the story?A.The misery of the factory workers.B.How to survive in a harsh environment.C.Generation gap between the father and the son.D.Love between the father and the son.C.AppreciativeD.Difficult to tellTEXT B提示：原文出自美国时代杂志（TIME）日期Jan.29, 2001文章标题No Fall Insurance作者AN K.SMITH, M.D.329When former President Ronald Reagan fell and broke his hip two weeksago,he joined a group of more than 350,000elderly Americans whofracture their hips each year.At89and suffering from advancedAlzheimer's disease,Reagan is in one of the highest-risk groups forthis type of accident.The incidence of hip fractures not only increasesafter age50but doubles every five to six years as the risk of falling increases.Slipping and tumbling are not the only causes of hipfractures;weakened bones sometimes break spontaneously.But fallingis the major cause,representing90%of all hip fractures.These......17.The following are all specific measures to guard against injurieswith the EXCEPTION ofA.removal of throw rugs.B.easy access to devicesC.installation of grab barsD.re-arrangement of furniture18.In which paragraph does the author state his purpose of writing?A.The third paragraphB.The first paragraphC.The last paragraphfracturesB.emphasize the importance of health precautionsC.discuss the seriousness of hip fractures.D.identify the causes of hip fractures. TEXT C提示：原文同2003年专八英译汉翻译试题相同In his classic novel,"The Pioneers", James Fenimore Cooper has hishero,a land developer,take his cousin on a tour of the city he isbuilding.He describes the broad streets, rows of houses,a teemingmetropolis.But his cousin looks around bewildered.All she sees isa forest."Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to330show me?"she asks.He's astonished she can't see them."Where!Everywhere,"he replies.For though they are not yet built on earth,he has built them in his mind,and they as concrete to him as if theywere already constructed and finished. Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait,future-mindedness:the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future;the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionallyattached to things to come.As Albert Einstein once said,"Life forthe American is always becoming,never being."......20.The third paragraph examines America's future-mindedness from the_________perspective.21.According to the passage,which of the following is NOT broughtabout by future-mindedness?A.Economic stagnationB.Environmental destructionC.High divorce ratesD.Neglect of history22.The word"pooh-pooh"in the sixth paragraph meansA.appreciateB.praiseC.shunD.ridicule23.According to the passage,people at present can forecast________of a new round of future-mindedness.A.the natureB.the locationC.the varietyD.the features24.The author predicts in the last paragraph that the study of331future-mindedness will focus onA.how it comes into beingB.how it functionsC.what it brings aboutD.what it is related to.TEXT D25.The phrase"men's sureness of their sex role"in the first paragraph suggests that theyA.are confident in their ability to charm women.B.take the initiative in courtship.C.have a clear idea of what is considered "manly".D.tend to be more immoral than women are.26.The third paragraph does NOT claim that menC.doubt whether women really mean to succeed in business.D.forbid women to join certain clubs and societies.27.The third paragraphA.generally agrees with the first paragraphB.has no connection with the first paragraphC.repeats the argument of the second paragraphD.contradicts the last paragraph28.At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorousexaggeration in order toA.show that men are stronger than womenB.carry further the ideas of the earliest paragraphsC.support the first sentence of the same paragraphD.disown the ideas he is expressing29.The usual idea of the cave man in the last paragraphA.is based on the study of archaeologyB.illustrates how people expect men to behaveC.is dismissed by the author as an irrelevant jokeD.proves that the man,not woman,should be the wooer33230.The opening quotation from Margaret Mead sums up a relationshipbetween man and woman which the authorA.approves ofB.argues is naturalpletely rejectsD.expects to go on changingPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE(10MIN) 31.______is the capital city of Canada.32.U.S.presidents normally serves a(an) _________term.A.two-yearB.four-year√C.six-yearD.eight-year33.Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast,U.S.?A.Huston.√B.Boston.C.Baltimore.D.Philadelphia.34.________is the state church in England.A.The Roman Catholic Church.B.The Baptist ChurchC.The Protestant ChurchD.The Church of England√注：The Church of England is theofficially established Christian church in England and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwideAnglican Communion as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion.33335.The novel Emma is written byA.Mary Shelley.B.Charlotte Bront?.C.Elizabeth C.Gaskell.D.Jane Austen.√36.Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?A.William Wordsworth.B.George Elliot.√C.George G.Byron.D.Percy B.Shelley.37.William Sidney Porter,known as O. Henry,is most famous forA.his poems.Sydney Porter(September11,1862-June5,1910),He was famous for his short stories and a masterof the surprise ending,O.Henry isremembered best for such enduring favorites as"The Gift of the Magi"and "The Ransom of Red Chief."The combination of humor and sentiment found in his stories is the basisof their universal appeal.38.Syntax is the study ofnguage functions.B.sentence structures.√C.textual organization.D.word formation.注：Definition of Syntax:a.The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentencestructure are combined to form grammatical sentences.b.A publication,such as a book,that presents such rules.c.The pattern of formation of sentencesor phrases in a language.d.Such a pattern in a particular sentence or discourse.33439.Which of the following is NOT adistinctive feature of humanlanguage?A.Arbitrariness.任意性B.Productivity.丰富性C.Cultural transmission.文化传播性D.Finiteness.局限性？注：design feature:features that definetransmission,etc.相关内容请点击查看：胡___________壮麟《语言学教程》课后答案40.The speech act theory was first put forward byA.John Searle.B.John Austin.√C.Noam Chomsky.D.M.A.K.Halliday.注：John Langshaw Austin(March28,1911-February8,1960)was aphilosopher of language,who developed much of the current theory ofspeech acts.He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College,Oxford.After serving in MI6during World War II,Austin became White'sProfessor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford. He occupies a place in theBritish philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order toelucidate meaning.PART V TRANSLATION（60MIN）提示：今年专八翻译部分的选材均出自《散文佳作108篇(汉英·英汉对照)》作者：乔萍翟淑蓉宋洪玮，建议大家熟读此书。
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PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AI remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow. It was that strange hour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twilight. I marched among thousands of tired men and women whom the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side.I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a banana cart. He looked so lonely, the tears came to my eyes. Then he saw me, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful smile -Charlie Chaplin's smile."Arch, it's Mikey," he said. "So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana." He offered me one. I refused it. I felt it crucial that my father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was shy, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and snow."You haven't sold many bananas today, pop," I said anxiously.He shrugged his shoulders."What can I do? No one seems to want them."It was true. The work crowds pushed home morosely over the pavements. The rusty sky darkened over New York building, the tall street lamps were lit, innumerable trucks, street cars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my father's bananas."I ought to yell," said my father dolefully. "I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat sore. Anyway, I'm ashamed of yelling, it makes me feel like a fool. "I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here and help my father."I'll yell for you, pop," I volunteered."Arch, no," he said, "go home; you have worked enough today. Just tell momma I'll be late."But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller. Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past us wearily, endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home. Elevated trains crashed; the Cooper Union clock burned above us; the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silentfigures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them stopped to buy bananas. I yelled and yelled, nobody listened.My father tried to stop me at last. "Nu," he said smiling to console me, "that was wonderful yelling. Mikey. But it's plain we are unlucky today! Let's go home."I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells. But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him.11. "unyoked" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning toA. sent outB. releasedC. dispatchedD. removed12. Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicated crowds of people?A.Thousands ofB. FlowedC. PouringD. Unyoked13. Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage?A. Huge crowds and lonely individuals.B. Weather conditions and street lamps.C. Clattering trains and peddlers' yells.D. Moving crowds and street traffic.14. Which of the following words is NOT suitable to describe the character of the son?A. CompassionateB. ResponsibleC. ShyD. Determined15. What is the theme of the story?A. The misery of the factory workers.B. How to survive in a harsh environment.C. Generation gap between the father and the son.D. Love between the father and the son.16. What is the author's attitude towards the father and the son?A. IndifferentB. SympatheticC. AppreciativeD. Difficult to tellTEXT B提示：原文出自美国时代杂志（TIME）日期Jan. 29, 2001文章标题No Fall Insurance 作者AN K. SMITH, M.D.When former President Ronald Reagan fell and broke his hip two weeks ago, he joined a group of more than 350,000 elderly Americans who fracture their hips each year. At 89 and suffering from advanced Alzheimer's disease, Reagan is in one of the highest-risk groups for this type of accident. The incidence of hip fractures not only increases after age 50 but doubles every five to six years as the risk of falling increases. Slipping and tumbling are not the only causes of hip fractures; weakened bones sometimes break spontaneously. But falling is the major cause, representing 90% of all hip fractures. These... ...17. The following are all specific measures to guard against injuries with the EXCEPTION ofA. removal of throw rugs.B. easy access to devicesC. installation of grab barsD. re-arrangement of furniture18. In which paragraph does the author state his purpose of writing?A. The third paragraphB. The first paragraphC. The last paragraphD. The last but one paragraph19. The main purpose of the passage is toA. offer advice on how to prevent hip fracturesB. emphasize the importance of health precautionsC. discuss the seriousness of hip fractures.D. identify the causes of hip fractures.TEXT C提示：原文同2003年专八英译汉翻译试题相同In his classic novel, "The Pioneers", James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. "Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?" she asks. He's astonished she can't see them. "Where! Everywhere," he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, "Life for the American is always becoming, never being."... ...20. The third paragraph examines America's future-mindedness from the _________ perspective.A. futureB. realisticC. historicalD. present21. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT brought about by future-mindedness?A. Economic stagnationB. Environmental destructionC. High divorce ratesD. Neglect of history22. The word "pooh-pooh" in the sixth paragraph meansA. appreciateB. praiseC. shunD. ridicule23. According to the passage, people at present can forecast ________ of a new round of future-mindedness.A. the natureB. the locationC. the varietyD. the features24. The author predicts in the last paragraph that the study of future-mindedness will focus onA. how it comes into beingB. how it functionsC. what it brings aboutD. what it is related to.TEXT D25. The phrase "men's sureness of their sex role" in the first paragraph suggests that theyA. are confident in their ability to charm women.B. take the initiative in courtship.C. have a clear idea of what is considered "manly".D. tend to be more immoral than women are.26. The third paragraph does NOT claim that menA. prevent women from taking up certain professions.B. secretly admire women's intellect and resolution.C. doubt whether women really mean to succeed in business.D. forbid women to join certain clubs and societies.27. The third paragraphA. generally agrees with the first paragraphB. has no connection with the first paragraphC. repeats the argument of the second paragraphD. contradicts the last paragraph28. At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorous exaggeration in order toA. show that men are stronger than womenB. carry further the ideas of the earliest paragraphsC. support the first sentence of the same paragraphD. disown the ideas he is expressing29. The usual idea of the cave man in the last paragraphA. is based on the study of archaeologyB. illustrates how people expect men to behaveC. is dismissed by the author as an irrelevant jokeD. proves that the man, not woman, should be the wooer30. The opening quotation from Margaret Mead sums up a relationship between man and woman which the authorA. approves ofB. argues is naturalC. completely rejectsD. expects to go on changingPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)31. ______ is the capital city of Canada.A. VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD. York32. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) _________term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?A. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.34. ________ is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic Church.B. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England注：The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion.35. The novel Emma is written byA. Mary Shelley.B. Charlotte Brontë.C. Elizabeth C. Gaskell.D. Jane Austen.36. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George G. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous forA. his poems.B. his plays.C. his short stories.D. his novels注：O. Henry was the pen name of William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 - June 5, 1910), He was famous for his short stories and a master of the surprise ending, O. Henry is remembered best for such enduring favorites as "The Gift of the Magi" and "The Ransom of Red Chief." The combination of humor and sentiment found in his stories is the basis of their universal appeal.38. Syntax is the study ofA. language functions.B. sentence structures.C. textual organization.D. word formation.注：Definition of Syntax:a. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.b. A publication, such as a book, that presents such rules.c. The pattern of formation of sentences or phrases in a language.d. Such a pattern in a particular sentence or discourse.39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness. 任意性B. Productivity. 丰富性C. Cultural transmission. 文化传播性D. Finiteness. 局限性？注：design feature: features that define our human languages, such as arbitrariness, duality, creativity, displacement, cultural transmission, etc.40. The speech act theory was first put forward byA. John Searle.B. John Austin. √C. Noam Chomsky.D. M.A.K. Halliday.注：John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at Balliol College, Oxford. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford. He occupies a place in the British philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate meaning.11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16.B 17. D 18 A 19 A20. C 21. A 22.D 23.B 24.A25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D。