职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-28
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-34
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-341、I propose that we discussed this at the next meeting.【单选题】A.requestB.suggestC.demandD.order正确答案:B答案解析:题干大意：我建议我们在下次会议上讨论这个问题。
句中propose的意思是“建议”。
suggest与propose同义。
request和demand意思相近，表示要求；order：命令。
2、A U. N. peacekeeping force was sent to that country.【单选题】A.powerB.troopC.armsD.weapon正确答案:B答案解析:force和troops是同义词，意思是“队伍”；power:电力、权利、能力；arms和weapon都表示“武器”。
3、Fermi ProblemOn a Monday morning in July, the world's first atom bomb exploded in the New Mexico desert, Forty seconds later, the shook waves reached the base camp where the Italian-American physicist Enrico Fezmi and his team stood. After a mental calculation, Fermi announced to his team that the bomb's energy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised. Fermi's genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age. Since Fermi's death in 1954, no physicist has been at once a master experimentalist and a leading theoretician. Like all virtuosos (大师), Fermi had a distinctive style. He preferred the most direct route to an answer. He was very good at dividing difficult problems into small, manageable bits talent we all can use in our daily lives.To develop this talent in his students, Fermi would suggest a type of question now known as a Fermi problem. Upon first hearing one of these, you haven't the remotest notion of the answer, and you feel certain that too little information had been given to solve it, Yet when the problem is broken into sub-problems, each answerable without the help of expert. s or books, you can come close to the exact solution.Suppose you want to determine Earth's circumference without looking it up. Everyone knows that New York and Los Angeles are about 3,000 miles apart and that the time difference between them is three hours. Three hours is one-eighth of a day, and a day is the time it takes the planet to complete one rotation, so its circumference must be eight times 3000 0r 24000 miles. This answer differs from the true value, 24,902. 45 miles, by less than four percent.Ultimately the value of dealing with everyday problems the way Fermi did lies in the rewards of making independent discoveries and inventions. It doesn't matter whether the discovery is as important as determining the power of an atom or as small as measuring the distance between New York and Los Angeles. Looking up the answer, or letting someone else find it deprives you of the pleasure and pride that accompany creativity, and deprives you of an experience that builds up self-confide. Thus, approaching personal dilemmas as Fermi problems can become a habit that enriches your life.Fermi was famous for inventing a device to calculate bomb's energy accurately.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:C答案解析:文章根本没有提到他发明了一台能精确计量炸弹能量的仪器。
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-59
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-591、RobotsThe most sophisticated (先进的) Japanese robots, which have vision systems and work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe.Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices for simply handling objects, today their commonest uses are for more skilled work like welding (焊接), spray-painting and assembling components.In Britain robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively. It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job.It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular that they make up a third of all material published in Japan.The reliability of robots is measured in their MTBF or mean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today (equivalent to working 18 hours a day for two years). One way robot manufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small .sample. The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. One programmed robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored.Paragraph 2 ________.【单选题】A.Ongoing ResearchB.Extension of UseC.Robot HeroesD.Greater ReliabilityE.Falling DemandF.Hidden Danger正确答案:B答案解析:第二段只有一句话，该句讲述了机器人从最初被用于简单的机械操作发展到今天普遍应用于技术含量更高的工作，如焊接、喷漆等。
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-45
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-451、The police took fingerprints and identified the body.【单选题】A.discoveredB.touchedC.missedD.recognized正确答案:D答案解析:题干大意：警察提取了指纹，确认了尸体的身份。
句中identify的意思是“识别，认出”，如：We must also identify and nurture new talent. （我们也必须识别和培养新的人才。
）recognize：识别，认出；discover：发现，如：Columbus was one of the first Europeans to discover North America.（哥伦布是最早发现北美洲的欧洲人之一。
）touch:触摸；miss：错过，想念。
2、You must shine your shoes.【单选题】A.polishB.clearC.washD.mend正确答案:A答案解析:题干大意：你必须擦亮你的鞋。
画线词shine和选项polish都有“擦亮”的意思。
clear:使干净；wash:洗，刷；mend:修理。
故答案为A。
3、A Strong Greenhouse Gas1 Methane is a colorless, odorless gas; it is also a potent greenhouse gas, and once released into the atmospheres, it absorbs beat radiating from Earth's surface. That's why methane is a major contributor to the planet's increasing temperature rise or global warming. Molecule for molecule, methane's heat-trapping power in the atmosphere is 21 times stronger than carbon dioxide, the most abundant greenhouse gas.2 With 13 billion cows belching almost constantly around the world (100 million in the U. S. alone), it's no surprise that menace released by livestock is one of the chief sources of the gas. Other prime methane sources: petroleum, drilling, coal mining, solid-waste landfills and wetlands.3 Greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide make up only a small part of Earth's atmosphere, which is 78 percent nitrogen and nearly 21 percent oxygen. And without greenhouse gases to trap the sun's heat and warm the planet, life as we know it couldn't exist. But in the last200 years, human activity thatrequires burning oil, natural gas, and coal for energy has magnified the greenhouse effect.4 Atmospheric concentrations of methane have more than doubled in the last two centuries. Blame for this often focuses on big industries and gas-guzzling vehicles. But agriculture plays a major role, too. In the past 40 years alone, the global cattle population has doubled.5 Cows munch mostly grasses and hay yet they grow big and hefty. Why? Because of the rumen. The rumen holds 160 liters of food and billions of microbes. These microscopic bacteria and protozoa break down cellulose and Fiber into digestible nutrients.A cow couldn't live without its microbes. As the microbes digest cellulose, trey release methane. The process occurs in all animals with a rumen (cows, sheep, and goats, for example), and it makes them very gassy. It's part of their normal digestion process. When they drew their cud, they regurgitate some food to rechew it, and all this gas comes out. The average cow expels 600 liters of methane a day.That's why we say livestock gas is also a major factor of causing the global warming.Paragraph 5 ____【单选题】A.Life of Macroscopic Bacteria in Livestock's RumenB.Ways to Reduce Methane's Heat-trapping PowerC.Agriculture Also Contributes to Increased Concentrations of Methane in the AtmosphereD.Why Livestock Releases MethaneE.Methane as a Strong Greenhouse GasF.Livestock as a Prime Factor of the Greenhouse Effect正确答案:D答案解析:本段从科学的角度分析反刍动物为什么会释放出甲烷。
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-20
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-201、Making Yourself a Good RecordIf you are an American and you think you might need to borrow money someday, the best thing to do is to start early.That's because just as many employers want to hire only people with experience, banks and other creditors are usually reluctant to lend to those without a proven track record of paying back, on time, the money they have borrowed.But if you need experience just to get a start, how do you get that start in the first place?With a little help from your parents usually, while you are still financially dependent on them. It is easy to get a credit card or student loan when you are in college, because banks figure your parents will bail you out if you fail to pay.So just as students take on internships to build up their resumes, one s university time can be a good time to work on another important personal record: the credit reportCredit reports are a summary of one's personal credit history, gathered by a credit reporting agency, or CRA.Banks, and companies including hospitals, landlords and insurance companies-regularly report to the three main CRAs in the US on how their customers are doing at paying back the money they owe.Anyone with a "legitimate business need" has the right to order individuals' reports from the CRAs. Potential creditors usually compile the information in the reports into a credit "score", ranking the level of creditworthiness. Lack of experience in borrowing in addition to a bad record of doing so, can result in a low score.Even if you are not considering taking out a loan for such a large purchase as a home or car, your credit report can be important to getting through life. Landlords often ask for the reports to judge whether a person can be trusted to pay the rent. Credit checks are necessary for getting a credit card, even for purchasing a mobile phone calling plan.People can obtain a copy of their own credit report, usually at a cost of around US$ 8-9. Some consumer organizations recommend doing this once a year to allow one to catch any mistakes that have slipped into the records or, even worse, to find out whether any fraud has taken place. Though the systemis controlled by laws meant to protect people's privacy, it isn't fool-proof. Sometimes people take out bad loads in others' names, ______ their records.In a society addicted tocredit, that can be a disaster.【单选题】A.building upB.updatingC.improvingD.ruining正确答案:D答案解析:空格之前的主句的意思是：以他人名义借款不还，这样最终的结果就是毁掉他人的信用记录。
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-31
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-311、The police took fingerprints and identified the body.【单选题】A.discoveredB.touchedC.missedD.recognized正确答案:D答案解析:题干大意：警察提取了指纹，确认了尸体的身份。
句中identify的意思是“识别，认出”，如：We must also identify and nurture new talent. （我们也必须识别和培养新的人才。
）recognize：识别，认出；discover：发现，如：Columbus was one of the first Europeans to discover North America.（哥伦布是最早发现北美洲的欧洲人之一。
）touch:触摸；miss：错过，想念。
2、She was sent a box of chocolates along with a letter saying she was fired.【单选题】A.killedB.shotC.dismissedD.murdered正确答案:C答案解析:题干大意：有人送她一盒巧克力，附带一封告诉她被解雇的信。
画线词fired（解雇）与选项dismissed（解雇）同义。
kill：杀死；shot：射击；murder：谋杀。
故答案为C。
3、They cheated the old woman out of her house and stole her money.【单选题】A.decipherB.chargedC.betrayedD.fooled正确答案:D答案解析:cheat和fool都表示“欺骗”；decipher:辨认；charge:索要费用；betray:背叛。
4、I suppose he will give it to you eventually.【单选题】A.in a wayB.in due courseC.in the endD.in any case正确答案:C答案解析:in a way：在某种程度上，从某一点上看；in due cause：在适当时机、最终；in the end:最后、终于，此选项符合本句意思。
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-70
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-701、The mountains look glorious at sunrise.【单选题】A.invitingB.magnificentC.appealingD.pleasing正确答案:B答案解析:题干大意：这座山在日出的时候非常壮观。
画线词glorious（壮丽的）与选项magnificent（壮观的）同义。
inviting：诱人的，有魅力的；appealing：吸引入的，动人的，如：This theory isn＇t terribly appealing，but I fear it may be partly right. （这种理论并不十分吸引人，但恐怕在一定程度上是对的。
）pleasing：令人愉快的。
故答案为B。
2、People disagree because they look at the same problem froma different perspective.【单选题】A.prospectB.visionC.methodD.view正确答案:D答案解析:view：看法、见解和perspective（看法、观点）词义相近；prospect:前景、前途、景色、视野；vision:远见、眼光；method:方法、办法。
3、Ford(1)Ford＇s great strength was the manufacturing process not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891, although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.(2)The company＇s assembly line alone. threw America＇s Industrial Revolution into overdrive(高速运转）. Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford＇s friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford＇s Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in1914, the world＇s first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.（3）The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5 a day minimum Wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average Wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn＇t involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan "an economic crime" and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.(4)But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Ford＇s dream to make the automobile accessible to all The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn＇t matter, except for making it possible for more people to buy cars. paragraph 4 ____【单选题】A.Ford＇s FollowersB.The Assembly LineC.Ford＇s Great DreamD.The Establishment of the ompanyE.Ford＇s Biggest ContributionF.Ford＇s Great Talent正确答案:C答案解析:第4段的第1句：然而，随着工资后来升到一天10美元，Ford梦想中的关键部分，即大家都买得起汽车，是可以实现的。
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-44
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-441、DyslexiaAs many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia.Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not disease. They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the world's great thinkers and scientists, Albert Einstein was dyslexic. Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do. He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dyslexic. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 year ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled. The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different. In most people, the left side of the brain, the part that controls language is larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right’ side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However,research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males that in females, and it is found more often in persons who are left-handed. No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a baby's body long before it is born. They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia. Dyslexic persons think differently and need special kinds of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.Many great thinkers and scientists in the world are dyslexic.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:C答案解析:题目中的关键词为great thinkers and scientists，我们在第2段中找到答案所在句。
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-69
职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-691、In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.【单选题】A.leavesB.dropsC.reducesD.changes正确答案:D答案解析:题干大意：在这个过程中，光能转化成热能。
句中convert的意思是“转变，改变”。
change：改变；leave：离开；drop：掉下，落下；reduce：减少。
2、Why Is the Native Language Learnt So Well?How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life.A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation.Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally, though a child＇s "teachers" may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year round.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B答案解析:题干大意：儿童学习母语的优势是可以常年上私人辅导课。
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职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题及答案0508-281、How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here's a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental (租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, heworked as a cook's assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. "I didn't like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."One day, Mr. Kazi's two co-workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p.m. , seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants weremaking a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn't planning to stop there. He's looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it's a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up. "When Mr. Kazi was young, his dream was to________.【单选题】A.be an airplane pilotB.sell carsC.own a restaurantD.become a good cook正确答案:A答案解析:细节考查题。
题干问Zubair Kazi小时候的梦想。
本题可直接在原文中找到答案，参见原文第二段第二句中的“His dream was to be an airplane pilot”，由此可见正确答案为A。
2、Migrant (移民的) WorkersIn the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some countries have restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to call in outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in workers from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, it is not surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction .Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating (补偿的)advantage. For example, the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other for safety and comfort. In a similar way, many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely ______ challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do routine work in their home country.One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any case, migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the considerable financial benefits which they receive.【单选题】A.presentsB.acceptsC.takesD.meets正确答案:A答案解析:空格所在句子的大意是：工作往往是复杂的，问题很多，但是，这充其量是对工程师提出了挑战，而工程师们倒是愿意解决问题，而不愿意在自己的国家做一般性的工作。