2019-2020学年度最新高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课时作业 新人教版选修8
2019高考英语一轮复习练习题 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions(含解
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions李仕才一、阅读理解A new “smart bin” could mean the end of environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins, cartons, bottles, and cardboard for recycling.The invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate. It is being trialed in Poland and is set to go on sale in UK within a few years.The bin, designed by start-up company Bin.E, recognizes different type of waste via a system positioned inside the bin which uses sensors, image recognition and artificial intelligence. Once waste is placed inside, the camera and sensor identify its type and place it in one of the smaller bins. Then it compresses the waste so it occupies less space.It is thought that the bin could be stocked by department stores such as John Lewis, which said it is introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins. Matt Thomas, a buyer at John Lewis, gave us the reason, “We’ve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sales, with a 25 percent increase in the last few months alone. We have noticed our customers are becoming more and more focused on sustainability. In response to this demand, we are really excited to introduce a smart bin this autumn/winterseason-designed to make recycling more efficient and functional for the everyday home."Bin. E’s official release on the market will take place in 2018. However, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available. The office bin will sell at £ 430 while customers will need to pay a £ 107 subscript ion fee for an accompanying smartphone app, which hooks them up with collection services. A spokesman at Bin. E said that home version of the bin will be cheaper and will not include a monthly payment.They added: “After the office version, we plan to crea te an outdoor version and later the home version. We decided to go for the outdoor version for public areas first because it is more difficult to organize an efficient waste segregating system than in our homes.”1.What do we know about about a new “smart bin” from the first paragraph?A. It works automatically.B. It has been used widely.C. It is easy to operate.D. It is very expensive.2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The waste.B. The camera.C. The bin.D. The sensor.3.Why is John Lewis introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins?A. To change people’s behaviour,B. To satisfy increasing demands.C. To popularize new technology.D. To make them more famous.4.Where will the first version of new “smart bin” be used according to Bin. E’s official?A. At home.B. In the supermarket.C. In the open air.D. In the office.【文章大意】本文介绍了一款可以智能分类垃圾的“智能垃圾箱”。
2020版高考英语一轮复习第1部分Unit3Inventorsandinventions教学案含解析
2020版高考英语一轮复习第1部分U n i t3I n v e n t o r s a n d i n v e n t i o n s教学案含解析新人教版选修8 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIANUnit 3 Inventors and inventions[单词拼写应用]核心单词1．distinguish vi.& vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别2．seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺3．file n．文件；档案；文件夹vt.提交；将……归档4．dial vt.拨(电话)5．bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担6．tap vt.& vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲n．轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头7．stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的8．merry adj.愉快的；高兴的9．practical adj. 实际的；实践的；实用的10．ripe adj.成熟的；熟的11．abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地12．product n．产品[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．I dialed (dial) 120 and waited there until she was taken to hospital.2．He's too young to_distinguish(distinguish) right from wrong，and needs your guidance.3．That girl tapped(tap) her fingers on the desk impatiently.4．In my opinion，only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing (seize) opportunities can one succeed.5．The abrupt (abruptly) change of the climate has drawn worldwide attention to the benefit of green energy.6．Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical (practice)．I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting.拓展单词1．criterion n．(评判的)标准；尺度→(pl.)criteria2．mercy n．宽恕；仁慈→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→merciless adj.残忍的；无情的3．convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的→convenience n．方便，便利；适宜→conveniently adv.便利地，方便地4．caution n．小心，谨慎→cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎地5．expect v．预料；期待；期望；认为→expectation n．预料；期待；期望6．innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→innocence n．天真，清白7．recognize vt.认出，识别；承认→recognition n．认出；认可；承认8．freeze v．冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→frozen adj.冻结的9．occasion n．时机，机会；场合→occasional adj.偶然的；临时的；特殊场合的→occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地10．associate vt.联想；联系n．同伴；伙伴→association n．协会；联合；关联[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。
2019版高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材重点Unit3Inventorsandinventions
Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.阅读理解AEarly one morning, more than a hundred years ago, an American inventor called Elias Howe finally fell asleep. He had been working all night on the design of a sewing machine but he had run into a very difficult problem: It seemed impossible to get the thread to run around the needle without any problems.Though he was tired, Howe slept badly. He turned and turned. Then he had a dream. He dreamt that he had been caught by terrible savages whose king wanted to kill him and eat him unless he could build a perfect sewing machine. When he tried to do so, Howe ran into the same problem as before. The thread kept getting caught around the needle. The king flew into the cage and ordered his soldiers to kill Howe. They came up towards him with their spears raised. But suddenly the inventor noticed something. There was a hole in the tip of each spear. The inventor awoke from the dream, realizing that he had just found the answer to the problem. Instead of trying to get the thread to run around the needle, he should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle. This was the simple idea that finally made Howe design and build the first really practical sewing machine.Elias Howe was not the only one in finding the answer to his problem in this way. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the electric light, said his best ideas came into him in dreams. So did the great physicist Albert Einstein. Charlotte Bronte also drew in her dreams in writing Jane Eyre.To know the value of dreams, you have to understand what happens when you are asleep. Even then, a part of your mind is still working. This unconscious (无意识的), but still active part understands your experiences and goes to work on the problems you have had during the day. It stores all sorts of information that you may have forgotten or never have really noticed. It is only when you fall asleep that this part of the brain can send messages to the part you use when you are awake. However, the unconscious part acts in a special way. It uses strange images which the conscious part may not understand at first. This is why dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to us”．篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语一轮复习话题38发明家与发明(Unit3Inventorsandinventions)新人教
话题38 创造家与创造〔Unit 3 Inventors and inventions〕晨读背诵根底知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标及词义写出英文单词｡1.distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] vi. & vt.显示……差异;使……有所不同;区分2.merciful [ˈmɜːsɪfʊl] adj.宽大;仁慈;慈悲→mercy [ˈmɜːsɪ] n.宽大;仁慈3.product [ˈprɒdʌkt] n.产品4.abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj.突然;意外→abruptly [ә'brʌptlɪ] adv.突然地,唐突地5.convenient [kənˈviːnɪənt] adj.便利,方便,就近→convenience [kənˈviːnɪəns] n.方便,便利→conveniently [kənˈviːnɪəntlɪ]adv.便利地,方便地6.caution [ˈkɔ:ʃən] n.小心,慎重→cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs] adj.小心,慎重→cautiously[ˈkɔ:ʃəslɪ] adv.小心地,慎重地7.passive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.被动;消极;被动语态8.seize [si:z] vt.抓住;捉住;夺9.file [faɪl] n.文件;档案;文件夹vt.提交;将……归档10.freezing [friːzɪŋ] adj.冰冻;严寒→freeze [friːz] v.冰冻11.innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] adj.清白;无罪;天真→innocence [ˈɪnəsəns] n.天真,清白12.bear [beə(r)] vt.忍受;忍耐;负担13.tap [tæp] vt.轻打;轻拍;轻敲n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头14.current [ˈkʌrənt] n.(水或气)流;电流adj.现在;当前15.stable [ˈsteɪb(ə)l] adj.稳固;稳定;安定16.associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] vt.联想;联系n.同伴,伙伴17.practical [ˈpræktɪk(ə)l] adj.实际;实践;实用18 petence [ˈkɒmpətəns] n.能力;胜任;本领(B)单词活用用所给词正确形式填空｡1. I’m sorry, but I don’t know there is an abrupt ( abruptly)change of plan.2. As expected (expect), the sales manager gave in his notice at work today.3. We should try our best to put the enemy in a passive ( passive) position.4. As we all know, newspapers influence the current ( currently) of thought.5. I have heard two versions (version) of the accident.6．It’s freezing (freeze) outside. You’d better put on more clothes. 7．Your invention is ingenious, but not very practical (practice).8．I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience (convenient)．二、短语互译及运用(A)短语互译1.call up 给……打2.now and then 偶尔;有时3.set about 开场;着手4.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入5.set out (to do) 开场(做)6.hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住7.out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通);(设法)做完;通过9.ring back 回复10.ring off 挂断(B)灵活运用选择以上恰当词组填空｡1. The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.2. Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.3. These old photos called up childhood memories.4. I set out to knit(编织) a sweater but in the end it became a vest.5. He's not in; why don't you ring back after 6 o'clock6. He takes my sister out to the theatre now and then.7. My clock is out of order and waked me up at 3 this morning.三、课文语法填空When I called up my mother in the countryside 1 the telephone she was upset. There were some snakes in the courtyard 2 came near the house now and then. I think here was a chance for me to distinguish 3 by inventing something to catch the snakes 4 I set about working on some approaches. Finally I came up with an easy 5 convenient way: I put a bowl with some ice-cubes in it 6 the snakes’ habitat to make them sleepy, then I used a small net 7 (collect) the passive snakes and the next day I merrily released them all back 8 the wild. I was satisfied with my invention that I decided to seize the opportunity to apply 9 a patent. So I sent my invention to the patent office to get recognition. And 10 after I have had the recognition can I say that I am truly an inventor.【答案】1. on 2. which/ that 3. myself 4. so 5. and 6. over 7. to collect 8. into 9. for 10. only重点词汇精讲精练1. distinguish vt.区分；识别；〔常与from, between连用〕区别；区分背诵The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。
高三英语一轮复习3：Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
10．出乎某人的意料_o_u_t_o_f_o_n_e_'_s_e_x_p_e_c_t_a_ti_o_n__ 11．一种新方法_a__n_e_w__a_p_p_r_o_a_c_h__ 12．塞车；交通堵塞___tr_a_f_f_ic_j_a_m______ 13．生物___li_v_in__g_c_r_e_a_tu_r_e_s_ 14．不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住___h_a_n_g_o_n________
3．You will see the products of Liu Ling alcohol ________(advertise) on every avenue of Baoding City.
君不见，黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回。 君不见，高堂明镜悲白发，朝如青丝暮成雪。 人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。 天生我材必有用，千金散尽还复来。 烹羊宰牛且为乐，会须一饮三百杯。 岑夫子，丹丘生，将进酒，杯莫停。 与君歌一曲，请君为我倾耳听。 钟鼓馔玉不足贵，但愿长醉不复醒。 古来圣贤皆寂寞，惟有饮者留其名。 陈王昔时宴平乐，斗酒十千恣欢谑。 主人何为言少钱，径须沽取对君酌。 五花马，千金裘，呼儿将出换美酒，与尔同销万古愁
15．_st_a_i_n_le_s_s_ adj.无锈的；不锈的；无污点的→__s_t_a_in___ n．污点；瑕疵；锈
16．_f_r_ee_z_i_n_g_ adj.冰冻的；严寒的→__f_re_e_z_e__ v．使…… 冻住/结冰；冻结
17．_i_n_n_o_c_e_n_t adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→_in_n_o_c_e_n_c_e n．清白；无辜；天真无邪
Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．________(prepare)with some research findings, I ________ ________ three possible approaches. 经过一番研究准备之后，我决定采用三种可能的方 法。
2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and invent
They _w_e_r_e_s_e_iz_e_d_ when they tried to run. (2)他的父亲要求他抓住时机赚一些钱。 His father asked him _t_o_s_e_iz_e__th_e__c_h_an_c_e_to make some money. (3)批判者抓住我的错误，说我愚昧无知。
(1)我们将决定我们队到什么时候才有资格参加比赛。 We'll _d_e_ci_d_e_o_n_our team when we qualify for the competition. (2)我们班决定去博物馆参观。
Our class_d_e_c_id_e_d__to__v_is_it the museum. (3)已经决定我们明日出发。 It is_d_e_c_id_e_d_ that we_(_s_h_o_u_ld_)__st_a_rt_ tomorrow.
用本单元所学单词及用法完成下列句子
1．这台机器把石头碾成粉末。 The machine pounds the stones into _p_o_w__d_er_. 2．这项专利期限为三年。 The _p_a_te_n_t_ runs out in three years' time. 3．你能分辨这对双胞胎吗？ Can you _d_is_t_in_g_u_i_s_h_ the twins apart? 4．他个性消极。 He has a _p_a_s_s_iv_e_ disposition.
1．decide on 下决心；决定 2．call up 给……打电话；使人想起 3．now and then 偶尔；有时 4．get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通 过
高考英语一轮复习Unit3 Inventorsandinventions课件
9.The abrupt (突然的) change of the climate has drawn worldwide attention to the benefit of green energy.
4.In western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck, but actually there isn’t any association between them. (associate)
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10.You could hear them singing and dancing merrily (高兴 地) out in the street.
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拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.distinguish vi.&vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 → distinguished adj.著名的；卓越的；杰出的
31． associate vt.
联想；联系
n.
同伴；伙伴
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32． practical adj. 33． directory n. 34． dive into 35． set out (to do) 36．call up 37．now and then 38． set about
实际的；实践的；实用的 电话簿；商行名录 迅速把手伸入；一心投入 开始(做) 给……打电话 偶尔；有时 开始；着手
5.He is such a merciful man and always has mercy on those homeless animals but sometimes he can be merciless to those he doesn’t like.(mercy)
【K12教育学习资料】2019高考英语一轮达标 Unit 3 Inventors and inven
Inventors and inventions李仕才一、阅读理解。
If a city wants to hold the Olympics，it must submit a proposal to the IOC.After all proposals have been submitted，the IOC votes.If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated(淘汰)，the voting continues，until a majority winner is determined.Typically，the Games are awarded several years in advance，allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.In selecting the site of the Olympic Games，the IOC considers a number of factors，and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively.The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games.For instance，Tokyo，the host of the 1964 Summer Games，and Beijing，that of the 2008 Games，were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia.Because of the growing importance of television worldwide，the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city's time zone.Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada，for example，American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.Once the Games have been awarded，it is the duty of the local organizing committee—not the IOC or the NOC of the host city's country to provide them with money.This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues(收入)，and corporate sponsorships，tickets sales，and other smaller revenue sources.In many cases there is also direct government support.Although many cities have gained amounts of money by hosting the Games，the Olympics can be financially risky.If the financial gains from the Games are less than expected，the city will be left with large debts.1．________ will be determined to host the Olympic Games by the IOC.A．A city that submits a proposalB．A majority winner in votingC．A city that has perfect time zoneD．One that hasn't hosted the Games2．If the Games take place in Canada，American television networks ________.A．will not pay for the Canadian television networksB．will be forbidden to broadcast live sporting eventsC．can't broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hoursD．are willing to pay much higher amounts for television rights3．According to the last paragraph，which following statement is true?A．The host city must be left with large debts.B．There is no financial risk in hosting the Olympic Games.C．The city may gain a lot of money.D．It is impossible that the host city couldn't make money.4．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A．Winner or loserB．Applying for host for the OlympicsC．How to host the Olympic GamesD．The Olympic Games【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程。
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解析：推理判断题。根据第四段前两句中的“In Rome，there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn't of very good quality.I made an effort to find reliable restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region...”可知作者暗示选择食物时要特别小心，故答案为B项。
SAME GREAT DEVONDALE QUALITY
From the green pastures (牧场) of Australia comes Devondale, Australia's largest community of farming families.The people at Devondale blend dairy goodness (乳制品)and clever ideas to bring you great tasting innovative products，which have been shipped to America, Canada and exported to Austria.
答案：A
2．What should a user do if he/she wants the milk to taste a natural taste?
A．Add some sugar to the milk.
B．Remove the cream from the milk.
C．Put it in the fridge before using it.
[语篇解读] 本文为一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己游玩意大利首都罗马的经历和感受。
4．The underlined word “gladiators” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “ ”．
A．athletesB．butchers
C．invadersD．fighters
A．they represent Rome's religion
B．they are relics from Rome's distant past
C．you can't help wondering how old they are
D．they include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum
解析：段落大意题。本段主要介绍的是作者此次游玩罗马的过程中的有关艺术的活动，故答案为C项。
答案：
7．When visiting Rome, you should be careful in choosing .
A．the attractions
B．the food
C．the hotels
D．the luxury boutiques
TO MIX 1 CUP(250ML)
•Add 1/4 cup (25g)of instant Devondale Skim Milk Powder to 1/2 cup of hot or cold water.
•Add more water to make up 1 cup.
•For best result always add powder to water.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“full of wonderful relics from its distant past”和“The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating.”可知答案为B项。
答案：B
6．What is mainly discussed in the 3rd paragraph?
In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn't of very good quality. I made an effort to find reliable restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region, like pasta with tomato，onion and bacon. I also loved eating ice cream and hot chocolate under the Christmas lights.
I studied the masterpieces of the Renaissance period at university and was very excited to see them in real life. I walked around the museum in Vatican City and saw plenty of famous sculptures(雕塑). The best part of the visit was, without doubt, the Sistine Chapel Ceiling, painted in the early 16th century by Michelangelo. It was so breathtaking that I couldn't tear my eyes away from it.
D．Increase its amount in the liquid milk.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三部分的最后一条“To improve the natural taste of this product，we recommend storing the liquid milk in the refrigerator overnight prior to consumption.”可知，使用者如果想品尝原味牛奶的话，最好在食用前把牛奶放在冰箱里，故选C。
A．The great museums of Italy.
B．The sculptures in Rome.
C．Art related activities during the visit.
D．The achievements of the Renaissance period in Italy.
•For richer taste and extra nutrition, use additional powder to suit your personal taste or preference.
•To improve the natural taste of this product, we recommend storing the liquid milk in the refrigerator overnight prior to consumption.
答案：D
B
Last weekend I visited Rome for the first time. I spent three busy days in the capital of Italy, seeing lots of tourist attractions and walking down streets lit by Christmas decorations. There were a lot of things I love about the city.
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的Devondale脱脂奶粉的特色、使用说明和注意事项。
1．In which country is Devondale — a world famous dairy product brand made?
A．Australia.B．Austria.
C．Canada.D．America.
Like our lightest one—instant skim(脱脂的)milk powder that makes 10 litres of delicious skim milk. So you never run out of milk again.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE：
——教学资料参考参考范本——
2019-2020学年度最新高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课时作业 新人教版选修8
______年______月______日
____________________部门
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT PACKS
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“used to fight each other until death and hunt animals coming from another country”可知该词的意思为“斗士”，故答案为D项。
答案：D
5．The author found the ruins of buildings and temples fascinating because .