陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》配套题库【章节题库(含名校考研真题)】(英语语音)【圣才出品】
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》配套题库【章节题库(含名校考研真题)】(英语语言的应用(II))【圣才出
第9章英语语言的应用（II）I. Fill in the blanks.1. H. P. Grice believes that there is a set of assumptions guiding the conduct of conversation. This is what he calls the Cooperative Principle. According to the maximum of _____ Do not say what you believe to be false or for which you lack evidence. In other words，speak truthfully; do not lie.【答案】quality【解析】质量原则的内容。
2. In the light of the _____ principle, four maxims are specified. They are the maxim of quantity, maxim of _____, maxim of _____ and the maxim of _____.（人民大学2005年、吉林大学2004年研）【答案】cooperative; quality; relation; manner【解析】考查合作原则及四条次则：数量准则、质量准则、关联准则、方式准则。
3. Y’s utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maximof_____.X: Who was that you were with last night?Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?【答案】relation【解析】很显然Y的回答与X的问题“你昨晚跟谁在一起？”无关。
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》配套题库【章节题库(含名校考研真题)】(英语语言意义(II))【圣才出品
第7章英语语言意义（II）I. Fill in the blanks.1. Predication analysis is to break down predications into their constituents: _____, _____.【答案】argument; predicate【解析】述谓结构分析把述谓结构分析分割为论元和谓词。
其中谓词是控制论元的主要要素。
2. _____is a type of meaning-dependence between one sentence and another. In terms of truth value, the following relationships exist between the two sentences if a entails b: When a is true, b is necessarily true; when b is false, a is false; when b is true, a may be true or false.【答案】Entailment【解析】蕴含是具有独立意义的不依赖于句子所处的语境。
如果a蕴含b，那么它们存在着如下的真值关系：当a为真时，b也一定为真；当b为假时，a为假；当a为假时，b或真或假；当b为真时，a或真或假。
3. _____means two sentences may have the same meaning, that is, in terms of truth value, a has the same truth value as b: If a is true, b is true; also if a is false, b is false; and vice versa.【答案】Synonymy【解析】同义关系指两个句子拥有同样的意思，即在真值方面，a与b真值相同。
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》配套题库【章节题库(含名校考研真题)】(英语语言变体(I))【圣才出品】
第10章英语语言变体（I）I.Fill in the blanks.1. Any discourse can be seen as a configuration of field，mode and _____.（中山大学2003年研）【答案】tenor【解析】话语包括语场、语式、语旨三个方面。
2. More qualifiers and intensifiers are used by _____.【答案】women【解析】语言使用的性别差异。
3. Language varieties other than the standard are called nonstandard, _____ language.【答案】vernacular【解析】凡属标准语之外的那些语言变体都被叫做非标准语或本地语。
4. A linguistic _____ refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the “polite”society from general use.【答案】taboo【解析】禁忌语是由于宗教、政治或性别原因而避免使用的词汇，通常被委婉语所代替。
5. Language itself is not sexist, but its use may reflect the _____ attitude connoted in the language that is sexist.【答案】social【解析】语言本身是不存在性别歧视的，但当语言被不同的人使用时，则会反映出社会中存在的性别歧视现象。
6. In terms of sociolinguistics, _____ is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person’s language.【答案】idiolect【解析】从社会语言学的角度讲，个人习语指个人语言风格。
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》章节题库(含名校考研真题)-第8~11章【圣才出品】
第8章英语语言的应用（I）I. Fill in the blanks.1. A perlocutionary act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the _____ of, or the _____the utterance. （人大2004研）【答案】consequence, change brought about by【解析】言外行为指说话的效果。
2. When a teacher says “The exam this year is going to be really difficult”, the sentence would have an _____force. （清华2001研，清华2000研）【答案】illocutionary【解析】言外行为，表达说话人的意图。
3. _____ were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were not verifiable.【答案】Performatives【解析】施为句是用来做事的，既不陈述事实，也不描述情况，且不能验证其真假。
II. Multiple Choices.1. The speech act theory was developed by _____.（对外经贸2006研)A. John SearleB. John AustinC. LevinsonD. G. Leech【答案】B【解析】言语行为理论是哲学家约翰·奥斯丁在他《如何以言行事》一文中提出的。
它从哲学意义上对语言交际的本质进行解释，其目的在于回答”用语言干什么”这个问题。
2. Point out which item does not fall under the same category as the rest. (Focus on the type of illocutionary act) （南京大学2007研）A. threatenB. adviseC. beseechD. urge【答案】A【解析】A为命令性言语行为，而其他三项为指示性言语行为。
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》(章节题库 第2章 英语语音)【圣才出品】
第2章英语语音Ⅰ.Fill in the following blanks:1.The sound/p/can be described with“_____,bilabial,stop”.（北二外2007研）【答案】voiceless【解析】/p/是双唇音，爆破音，清音。
2.The sound/b/can be described with“_____,bilabial,stop”.（北二外2004研）【答案】voiced【解析】/b/是双唇音，爆破音，浊音。
3.Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel.And as a result are most conveniently described in terms of_____and manner of articulation.（北二外2004研）【答案】place【解析】辅音根据发音方式和发音部位进行分类。
4._____are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to divert,impede,or completely shut off the flow of air in the oral cavity.（中山大学2006研）【答案】Consonants【解析】发音时，声道的某些部位受到压缩或阻碍后，使得气流在口腔里转向、受阻或完全被阻塞而产生的音叫做辅音。
5.The present system of the_____derives mainly from one developed in the1920s by the British phonetician,Daniel Jones(1881—1967),and his colleagues at University of London.（中山大学2008研）【答案】cardinal vowels【解析】基本元音是指一系列约定俗成、固定不变的元音特质，目的是为语言中实际存在的元音描述提供一个参照框架。
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》（章节题库第6章英语语言意义（Ⅰ））【圣才出品】
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》（章节题库第6章英语语言意义（Ⅰ））【圣才出品】第6章英语语言意义（Ⅰ）Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.According to G.Leech,_____meaning refers to what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.（北二外2007研）【答案】affective【解析】利奇认为感情意义是指所传达的关于说话人/作者感情、态度方面的意义。
2._____=PARANT(x,y)&MALE(x)（北二外2005研）【答案】FATHER【解析】同时满足“父母亲”和“男性”的条件的只能是“父亲”。
3.According to G Leech,_____meaning refers to logic,cognitive,or denotative content.（北二外2005研）【答案】conceptual【解析】利奇认为概念意义是指逻辑的、认知的、外延的内容。
4.The theory of meaning which relates the meaning of a word to the thing it refers to,or stands for,is known as the_____theory.（中山大学2008研）【答案】referential【解析】把词语意义跟它所指称或所代表的事物联系起来的理论，叫做指称理论。
5._____is the technical name for the sameness relation.（北二外2007研）【答案】Synonymy【解析】同义关系是相同关系的专业术语，完全的同义关系是很少的。
所谓的同义词都是依赖语境的，它们总是在这方面或那方面有所不同。
6.Terms like“apple”,“banana”and“pear”are_____of the term“fruit”.（北二外2007研）【答案】hyponyms【解析】上下义关系是指意义内包关系或者说一种类和成员间的关系。
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》(章节题库 第5章 英语语言结构(Ⅱ))【圣才出品】
第5章英语语言结构（Ⅱ）Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.Syntactic relations include_____,_____and_____.【答案】positional relation;relation of substitutability;relation of occurrence【解析】有三种句法关系，即（1）位置关系；（2）替代关系；（3）同现关系。
2.A_____sentence contains two clauses joined by a linking word,such as“and”,“but”,“or”.【答案】coordinate【解析】并列从句是指一个句子由两个分句组成，这两个分句通常是由如but,and,or这些并列连词来连接的。
3._____refers to ties and connections which exist within texts.They are also called formal links between sentences and between clauses.（人大2007研）【答案】Cohesion【解析】衔接不是一个句法概念，它指文本中存在的一种意义上的联系或关系，也包括句子或分句之间存在的一种形式上的联系。
4.A_____is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a complete statement,question or command.【答案】sentence【解析】句子在结构上是一个独立的单位，通常包括许多词用以构成一个完整的陈述，提问或者命令。
5._____is the information that the addresser believes is known to the addressee, while_____is the information that the addresser believes is not known to the addressee.【答案】Given information;new information【解析】已知信息是指说话者认为听话者已经知道的信息，而新信息是指说话者认为听话者不知道的信息。
陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》（章节题库第12章英语习得）【圣才出品】
陈新仁《英语语⾔学实⽤教程》（章节题库第12章英语习得）【圣才出品】第12章英语习得Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.The type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as_____.（中⼭⼤学2008研）【答案】interlanguage【解析】中介语是在外语或第⼆语⾔学习中形成的。
2.An influential claim regarding the input issue is the hypothesis that there must be sufficient,comprehensible input available to L2learners,as captured by the_____ formula.【答案】“i+1”【解析】关于输⼊问题，⼀个有影响⼒的说法是假设对于第⼆语⾔学习者必须有可获得的⾜够的以及能够被理解的输⼊，⽤公式可表⽰为“i+1”。
3.Error is the grammatically incorrect form;_____appears when the language is correct grammatically but improper in a communicational context.（中⼭⼤学2008研）【答案】mistake【解析】mistake是指在语法上正确但在交流语境中不恰当。
4._____are“the special thoughts or behaviors that individuals use to help them comprehend,learn,or retain new information”.【答案】Learning strategies【解析】学习策略是指特殊的想法或⾏为，这种想法或⾏为能够帮助学习者理解，学习或者获得新的信息。
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第2章英语语音
I. Fill in the following blanks:
1. The sound /p/can be described with “_____, bilabial, stop”.（北二外2007研）【答案】voiceless
【解析】/p/是双唇音，爆破音，清音。
2. The sound /b/can be described with “_____, bilabial, stop”.（北二外2004研）【答案】voiced
【解析】/b/是双唇音，爆破音，浊音。
3. Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel. And as a result are most conveniently described in terms of _____ and manner of articulation.（北二外2004研）
【答案】place
【解析】辅音根据发音方式和发音部位进行分类。
4. _____ are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to divert, impede, or completely shut off the flow of air in the oral cavity.（中山大学2006研）
【答案】Consonants
【解析】发音时，声道的某些部位受到压缩或阻碍后，使得气流在口腔里转向、受阻或完全被阻塞而产生的音叫做辅音。
5. The present system of the _____ derives mainly from one developed in the 1920s by the British phonetician, Daniel Jones (1881-1967), and his colleagues at University of London.（中山大学2008研）
【答案】cardinal vowels
【解析】基本元音是指一系列约定俗成、固定不变的元音特质，目的是为语言中实际存在的元音描述提供一个参照框架。
6. Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel, and as a result are most conveniently described in terms of place and _____of articulation.（北二外2008研，）【答案】manner
【解析】辅音根据发音方式和发音部位进行分类。
7. The sound /k/ can be described with “voiceless, _____, stop”. （北二外2003研）【答案】velar
【解析】/k/是清音，软腭音，爆破音。
8. _____ transcription should transcribe all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades.（北二外2004研）
【答案】Narrow
【解析】当我们用复杂的符号精确地标记语音所有可能的细小变化时，我们称之为“严式转写”。
9. _____ refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound.（中山大学2005研）
【答案】Assimilation
【解析】同化指一个音具有了邻近音的一部分或者全部特征的这一过程，包括鼻化、齿化、鄂化。
10. Stress refers to the degree of _____used in producing a syllable.（中山大学2006研）
【答案】force
【解析】重音指在音节发音时所用的力度。
11. The syllable structure in Chinese is _____or _____ or_____. （清华2000研）
【答案】CVC, CV, V
【解析】普通话的音节中节首位置最多有一个辅音，结尾只能是鼻音，所以汉语的音节可以写为(C)V(C)。
12. The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different
but do not make one word different from another in meaning, are _____.（北二外2009研）
【答案】allophones
【解析】同一个音位在不同语音环境中的实现方式被称为该音位的音位变体。
因为变体是互补分布的，而且发音相似。
13. In English, the two words cut and gut differ only in their initial sounds and the
two sounds are two different _____ and the two words are a _____ pair. （北二外2010研）
【答案】phonemes; minimal
【解析】/k/、/g/在cut 和gut是两个不同的音位，这两个词，除了出现在同一位置上的一个音外，其余的音都一样，因此这两个词就构成了一个最小的对立体。
14. Consonants differ from vowels in that the latter are produced without_____. 【答案】obstruction
【解析】元音与辅音的区别就在于发音过程中气流是否受阻。
15. In English there are a number of _____, which are produced by moving from one
vowel position to another through intervening positions.
【答案】diphthongs
【解析】如果在发音时通过舌头的一次运动，由第一个单元音滑向第二个单元音，这样产生的音的组合就叫做双元音。
16. According to _____, when there is a choice as to where to place a consonant, it is
put into the onset rather than the coda.
【答案】the maximal onset principle
【解析】当一个辅音既可放在节首也可放在节尾时，根据最大节首原则应将其放在节首。
17. The sound [k] can be described with “voiceless, _____, stop”. （北二外2003研）【答案】velar
【解析】/k/是清音，软腭音，爆破音。
18._____ refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound.（中山大学2005研）
【答案】assimilation
【解析】同化指一个音具有了邻近音的一部分或者全部特征的这一过程，包括鼻化、齿化、鄂化。
19. In English there are a number of _____, which are produced by moving from one
vowel position to another through intervening positions.
【答案】Diphthongs
【解析】如果在发音时通过舌头的一次运动，由第一个单元音滑向第二个单元音，这样产生的音的组合就叫做双元音。
20. Phonetic similarity means that the _____ of a phoneme must bear some
phonetic resemblance. （中山大学2011研）
【答案】allophones
【解析】语音的相似性指一个音位的音位变体必须具备某些语音相似性。
II. Multiple Choices.
1. _____ is the study of the phonic medium of language.
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Phone
D. Phoneme
【答案】A
【解析】语音学被定义为对语言的语音媒介的研究，它涉及所有出现在世界语言中的声音；
音位学的研究目的是发现一门语言中的语音是如何形成的，这些语音是如何在语言
交际中传达意义的；音素是一个语音单元或音段，我们在交际中所听到和发出的语
音都是音素；音位是一个具有区别性意义的抽象单位，它不是任何一个特定的语音，而是由一个特定音素（phone）在一定语音语境中来表达或实现的。
因此，本题
的正确答案为A。
2. Which of the following is NOT the organ of speech?
A. The pharyngeal cavity.
B. The oral cavity.
C. The nasal cavity.
D. The vocal cavity.。