01 Breeding and genetics
畜牧专业学生写英语作文我的专业范文
畜牧专业学生写英语作文我的专业范文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Major is Animal HusbandryHi there! My name is Tommy, and I'm going to tell you all about my favorite major - Animal Husbandry! It's a super cool subject that lets me learn everything about taking care of farm animals like cows, pigs, sheep, chickens, and more!I first got interested in Animal Husbandry when I visited my uncle's farm during summer vacation. He had so many different animals, and I loved watching him feed them, groom them, and make sure they were healthy and happy. It was like he was their best friend!In Animal Husbandry class, we learn about the different breeds of farm animals and what kinds of environments they need to thrive. Did you know that there are over 800 breeds of cattle alone? Some cows are raised for their meat, while others are raised for their milk. Isn't that neat?We also study how to keep animals healthy by giving them the right food, clean water, and comfortable shelter. Sick animalsneed special care and medicine, just like people do. I've learned how to give shots and pills to animals, and how to check for signs of illness or injury.One of my favorite parts of the class is when we get to visit real farms and ranches. We've gone to see dairy farms, pig farms, and even a alpaca ranch! It's so much fun to get up close and personal with the animals. I've even gotten to bottle-feed a baby calf before – it was adorable!Of course, we can't forget about the business side of Animal Husbandry. Farmers and ranchers need to know how to market and sell their livestock and animal products. We learn about things like pricing, supply and demand, and even how to start our own farm or ranch one day.Speaking of animal products, did you know that we get so many useful things from farm animals? Cows give us milk, which can be made into cheese, yogurt, and ice cream. Sheep provide wool for warm clothing and blankets. Chickens lay eggs that we can eat for breakfast, lunch, and dinner!Animal Husbandry isn't just about cows and pigs, though. We also study less common livestock like goats, rabbits, and even bees! Bees are super important for pollinating crops and making delicious honey.One thing I've learned is that taking care of farm animals is a huge responsibility. These creatures rely on us for everything –their food, water, shelter, and overall well-being. It's our job to make sure they are treated humanely and with respect.That's why we also learn about animal welfare laws and regulations. There are strict rules about how animals should be housed, transported, and even slaughtered for meat. It's really important that we follow these rules to prevent any mistreatment or cruelty.I know that working with animals might sound kind of smelly and dirty, but I don't mind at all! I love getting my hands dirty and mucking out the stalls or pens. It's all part of the job when you're in Animal Husbandry.Of course, not everything is sunshine and rainbows. Sometimes animals get sick or injured, and that can be really sad. We have to learn how to care for them and make tough decisions about when it's time to put an animal down if it's suffering too much. It's never easy, but it's part of being responsible for another living creature.Overall, though, Animal Husbandry is such a rewarding and interesting major! I get to work with cute and fascinating animalsevery day, learn about their biology and behavior, and play a role in producing the food and products that people rely on.Who knows, maybe one day I'll own my own farm or ranch and get to put everything I've learned into practice. I can't wait to share my passion for animals with the world!Well, that's all I have to say about my major for now. Thanks for listening, and I hope you found it as interesting as I do! Let me know if you have any other questions – I'm always happy to talk about my favorite subject.篇2My Major is Animal HusbandryHi there! My name is Timmy and I'm in 5th grade. Today I want to tell you all about my favorite thing - animals! You see, when I grow up, I want to have a really cool job working with animals. It's called being an animal husbandry specialist.Animal husbandry is the fancy word for raising livestock like cows, pigs, sheep, chickens, and other farm animals. The people who do animal husbandry are like the caretakers and nurturers for these creatures. Isn't that awesome?I love animals so much. They're all so different and special in their own ways. Cows are these big, docile ladies that just want to munch on grass and hay all day. They're really important because they give us nutritious milk that makes things like ice cream, cheese, and yogurt. My favorite breed is the Holstein cow with those cool black and white splotchy patterns.Pigs are funny-looking animals with their pink skin and snouty noses. But don't let their appearance fool you - pigs are actually really smart! They can even be taught tricks just like dogs. Of course, their real importance is for giving us delicious foods like bacon, ham, and sausage. My favorite breed is the spotted pig.Sheep are like bigger, fluffier versions of lambs. They're raised mostly for their warm, cozy wool that gets spun into yarn and cloth for making clothes and blankets. I think sheep are just about the cutest things ever with their big floppy ears and teddy bear faces. My favorite breed is the Merino sheep.Chickens are probably the funniest-looking of all the farm animals in my opinion. They've got those goofy wattle things under their beaks and they make the silliest clucking sounds. But chickens work hard laying all those eggs that we use for baking,cooking, and eating. My favorite chickens are the big,rugged-looking Brahma breed.As an animal husbandry specialist, I'd get to take care of livestock like these and make sure they stay healthy and happy. That means providing them with good food, clean water, comfy places to live, and protection from predators or diseases. It's kind of like being a doctor and a parent for farm animals all rolled into one!One of the most important parts of the job is breeding and genetics. Animal breeders have to be really smart about which animals they allow to mate and produce offspring. The goal is to get baby animals with the best possible traits - like cows that give more milk, pigs that produce leaner meat, sheep with thicker wool, and chickens that lay more eggs. It's like giving the animal families a genetic upgrade with each new generation!There's also a lot of science involved in keeping livestock healthy. You have to understand animal nutrition, behavior, biology, and diseases. Vets and scientists are always doing research to improve animal care too. For example, they've found ways to make animals more resistant to sickness and boost their growth through special diets and breeding. It's honestly pretty amazing when you think about it.I can't wait to learn all about the latest technologies and scientific discoveries for taking better care of farm animals. I'd love to work at a big agricultural university someday doing research on things like that. Of course, I'll always make time to directly interact with the animals too because that's the best part!There are so many different areas and specialties within animal husbandry. You could work at a big corporate farm, a family ranch, a dairy operation, or even at a zoo keeping exotic animal breeds. You might decide to focus just on cattle, hogs, poultry, or some other specific livestock group. There are opportunities in genetics, nutrition, housing, veterinary care, and so much more. The possibilities are endless!I'm honestly not totally sure yet which area I want to go into. Maybe I'll work at a university research lab studyinginnovative feeding strategies. Or perhaps I'll manage a large chicken egg operation. For now, I'm just excited to learn as much as I can about ALL the farm animals and how to properly care for them.What drives my passion is getting to be around those adorable critters every day and having a job that really matters. Can you imagine how important animal husbandry specialists are? We're responsible for ensuring a reliable and healthy supply ofmeat, dairy, eggs, and other animal products that billions of people depend on. How cool is that?At the same time, I'll get to interact directly with those precious cows, pigs, sheep, and chickens (plus lots of other animals I'm sure). I can't wait to bottle feed a baby calf, brush a sheepdog, or pick up a freshly laid egg still warm from the hen. Moments like those are what make this line of work so special and rewarding in my eyes.I have a few more years before I head off to university and start my official animal husbandry studies. Until then, I'm going to keep learning everything I can about livestock from books, videos, working on my uncle's ranch, and even joining my school's Future Farmers of America club. This is my passion and dream career, so I want to be as prepared as possible!I hope you can see why I'm so excited about being an animal husbandry specialist when I grow up. Getting to care for and work with those amazing farm animals every single day? What could be better than that? If you're an animal lover like me, I'd highly recommend looking more into this career too. The world needs more people dedicated to the wellbeing of livestock!Well, thanks for letting me share my aspirations with you. I'd better get going – I have a 4-H meeting this afternoon wherewe're learning about grooming and showmanship for cattle shows. Doesn't that sound fun? A day in the life of a future animal husbandry expert! Let me know if you have any other questions about my favorite topic. See you next time!篇3My Major Is Animal ScienceHi there! I'm just a little kid in primary school, but I already know what I want to study when I grow up – Animal Science! You might be thinking "Isn't that a bit young to decide your major?" Well, maybe, but I've always loved animals and can't imagine doing anything else. Let me tell you all about it!Ever since I was really little, I've been obsessed with every animal you can think of – dogs, cats, horses, cows, pigs, you name it! I used to beg my parents to take me to zoos and farms all the time just so I could see the animals up close. I had tons of stuffed animal toys that I pretended were real and would talk to them for hours. Whenever we went to the park, I would follow any dogs or squirrels I saw to try and pet them (my parents weren't too happy about that!).When I started school, I would always choose animal books for my reading assignments. I knew all the animal sounds andfacts by heart. On career day in 1st grade, I dressed up as a veterinarian because I thought that's what you had to do to work with animals all day. Little did I know there was a whole field called Animal Science!That's when my older neighbor Billy told me all about it. He's in college studying Animal Science and came over to pet-sit my dog Buddy one day. I was amazed when he explained that Animal Science covers everything about animals - how to raise and breed them, what foods are best for their nutrition, how to keep them healthy, understanding their behaviors, and so much more! Sign me up, I thought.Billy said his classes cover biology and genetics for learning about animal anatomy, physiology, reproduction, and inherited traits. There's also animal nutrition for figuring out what diet is optimal for each species and production situation. Behavior and management are other huge areas - learning why animals act the way they do and the best practices for caring for them. Courses on animal health even teach you how to diagnose and treat common diseases.I can't wait to learn all of that stuff! Just imagining being out on a farm or ranch, working hands-on with livestock like cattle, sheep, pigs, and chickens gets me so excited. Or maybe I'll focusmore on companion animals like dogs and cats. The horses courses sound awesome too - I've always dreamed of having my own horse ranch.The possibilities are endless with an Animal Science degree. Billy said I could become a farmer or rancher and produce food for people. Or work as a livestock manager at an agribusiness corporation. Maybe a veterinarian like I originally thought, or an animal nutritionist developing specialty feeds. He also mentioned jobs like animal breeding, pharmaceutical research, animal training, even law enforcement with K9 units!Honestly, I'm just happy any path allows me to be around animals all day. Cows are my favorite - I love how calm and gentle they are. Though pigs are a close second because they're so smart and playful. Baby chicks and ducklings are irresistibly cute too. Horses are majestic...I could go on and on. Let's just say I absolutely adore every creature great and small.That's why I plan to be an Animal Science major. Studying their biology, behavior, nutrition, production, and health care all sounds like my idea of heaven! Making the world a better place for all the critters is my calling. I'll be the voice for the voiceless animals.I may be just a kid now, but I'm already devouring every book, website, and video about animals that I can find. My parents are probably sick of me going on and on about whatever new animal fact I learned that day. I'm sure they'll be relieved once I can geek out about it with my college professors instead!In the meantime, I'm going to keep working hard in school, especially in science classes. I should probably learn a bit more about math too since there's a good amount of data analysis involved. And foreign language could be handy for learning about international animal farming. Who knows, maybe I'll get to travel and study endangered species conservation one day!For now though, my goals are simple - do well in school, volunteer at the local animal shelters as much as possible, and hang out with my own beloved pets. Every experience with animals just fuels my passion more and more. I really can't imagine doing anything else!So that's my plan - major in Animal Science and live my dream career surrounded by the animals I love every single day. Whether it's cows out grazing on the pasture, dogs frolicking at the park, or tiny mice scampering in the lab, I'll be one happy kid...err, adult working with them. Just call me a certified animal lover for life!。
动物遗传育种与繁殖专业英语
动物遗传育种与繁殖专业英语Here are some excerpts of conversational Englishrelated to the field of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction:Animal genetics is fascinating! You know, the DNA in each and every creature holds the secret to its unique traits. Just imagine, with the right breeding techniques, we can enhance those traits for better productivity or even healthier animals.When it comes to breeding, there's so much more than just selecting the right pair. You have to consider the inbreeding coefficient, the genetic diversity, and even the environmental factors that might affect the offspring. It's a bit like playing a game of chess, but with the future of an entire species on the board.Reproduction is a miracle of nature, isn't it? From the tiniest of eggs to a fully-grown animal, it's an incrediblejourney. And with modern technology, we can even assist in that journey, ensuring a smoother ride for both the mother and the unborn offspring.Genetic diseases are a concern, though. But with the help of genetic testing, we can identify potential issues before they become a problem. It's like having a roadmap to a healthier future for our animals.Talking about breeding, have you heard of selective breeding? It's where we choose animals based on their desired traits and breed them specifically for those traits. It's like breeding for champions!。
关于一个你崇拜的人英语作文袁隆平
关于一个你崇拜的人英语作文袁隆平全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Hero: Yuan LongpingDo you know who my hero is? It's Yuan Longping - the incredible scientist who helped feed billions of people around the world! He's pretty much a real-life superhero in my eyes. Let me tell you all about why I admire him so much.Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in a small village in Hunan Province, China. When he was young, his family didn't have a lot of money and they struggled to get enough food to eat. This made Yuan realize how important it was to increase food production to help people not go hungry. So when he grew up, he decided to become a scientist and dedicate his life to boosting crop yields.In 1964, Yuan began his most famous work - developing hybrid rice varieties. This was a super difficult challenge because rice plants are very delicate and don't breed easily. But Yuan didn't give up. He tried thousands and thousands ofcombinations of different rice strains through cross-breeding. It took him and his team many long years of hard work.Finally, in 1973, they achieved a major breakthrough! Yuan's team successfully cultivated the first hybrid rice varieties that produced much higher yields than regular rice paddies. This was an amazing scientific invention that helped solve world hunger issues. The hybrid rice could produce 20% more rice per acre of farmland. That's enough extra food to feed an additional 60 million people every year!Once the hybrid rice was ready, Yuan's team had to convince millions of farmers across China to start planting it instead of their traditional rice varieties. This was not easy, as many were hesitant to change farming methods their families had used for generations. But through lots of training programs, demonstrations, and advice from agricultural experts, the hybrid rice gradually spread far and wide.By 1986, hybrid rice accounted for over half of China's total rice production. This helped China become self-sufficient in feeding its massive population after struggling with food shortages for decades. Hybrid rice cultivation then expanded to other countries too, including India, Vietnam, the Philippines,and the United States. Nowadays, hybrid rice provides food for billions across Asia and beyond.Yuan's work didn't stop there either. He continued researching and developing even more advanced hybrid rice varieties over his long career spanning half a century. The higher-yielding rice he created has helped alleviate hunger and poverty for countless families who previously couldn't grow or afford enough food. It is estimated that Yuan's life's work helped provide sufficient food resources for an extra 80 million people every year!For his incredible accomplishments, Yuan has received just about every major honor and award possible, both in China and internationally. He is the first person from his home province of Hunan to become a member of the prestigious Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering. Countries like Vietnam and India have awarded him their highest civilian honors for his contributions to agriculture. In 2004, he won the World Food Prize, which is like the Nobel Prize for food and agriculture.Despite all the fame and accolades, Yuan has remained humble and dedicated to his cause throughout it all. Even at 92 years old today, he still works tirelessly as a professor and leadscientist. Resolving hunger is his life's mission which he has sacrificed so much for. In his words: "My hopefully is that nobody bor will ever again say that they went hungry."That's why Yuan Longping is my biggest hero and role model. Through perseverance, hard work, and scientific ingenuity, he managed to make the world a much better place. His hybrid rice innovations have saved millions from starvation and uplifted entire societies out of food scarcity and poverty. All this was achieved by one man's burning desire and life-long efforts to help feed humanity.I hope to have that same type of determined spirit and do work that is impactful and helpful to others, just like Yuan Longping. His selflessness, humility, and desire to serve people through science inspires me so much. Even now at his advanced age, he hasn't stopped trying to improve rice yields even further. He truly is a real-life superhero - feeding the world through brilliant agricultural innovations!I want to be just like Yuan when I grow up - someone who uses their brain to create things that make the world better and improves the lives of everyday people. His story of overcoming challenges and never giving up on his goals despite setbacks and people doubting him is so motivating. If I can have even afraction of Yuan Longping's compassion, perseverance, and desire to help others, then I'll consider my life successful.Heroes like Yuan should be celebrated and admired by kids like me. He represents the type of person we should all aspire to become - hard-working, brilliant, and most importantly, someone wholeheartedly committed to advancing humanity through their life's work. Thank you Yuan Longping for your amazing contributions! You are my real superhero and I hope to follow in your inspiring footsteps some day.篇2My Hero: Yuan LongpingHave you ever heard of a man named Yuan Longping? He's someone I really look up to and admire. Yuan Longping was a Chinese agricultural scientist who dedicated his life to developing new varieties of hybrid rice that could produce much higher yields than regular rice crops. Thanks to his hard work and brilliant mind, he helped feed millions of people around the world!Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in a small village in Hunan Province, China. When he was young, his family didn't have much money and they often struggled to get enough food to eat. Thismade Yuan realize how important it was to increase food production so that no family would have to go hungry.After finishing school, Yuan went on to study agriculture at university. He learned all about plant breeding and genetics. In 1964, he started researching ways to create hybrid rice varieties that could produce far more rice per acre of land than regular rice plants. This was a really tough challenge because rice is a self-pollinating crop, which makes hybridization difficult.Yuan spent over a decade doing research and trials in the fields. He had to grow and test thousands of different rice plant crosses to find the best hybrid varieties. Sometimes his experiments failed, but Yuan never gave up. He was determined to find a way to feed more people and reduce hunger.Finally, in 1973, Yuan's perseverance paid off when he had a major breakthrough and developed the first successful hybrid rice varieties! These new hybrid rice plants could yield 20% more rice per acre compared to regular inbred varieties. It was a game-changer for increasing food production.Over the next few decades, Yuan continued improving and refining hybrid rice breeds. He helped train many students and scientists in hybrid rice techniques. His hybrid rice varieties were planted across over 17 million acres in China and many othercountries by the 2000s. It's estimated that Yuan's work helped provide enough extra food to feed an additional 80 million people per year!Yuan won many awards and honors for his incredible achievements, including the World Food Prize which is like the Nobel Prize for agriculture and food security. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization declared that Yuan's life-long work was one of the most important accomplishments in the 20th century for providing adequate food for mankind.Even after officially retiring in the 2000s, Yuan didn't stop working. He set up training centers and continued researching ways to improve hybrid rice and other crops right up until he passed away in 2021 at the incredible age of 91. Yuan devoted over 60 years of his life to developing better crops to reduce hunger and malnutrition.I think Yuan Longping is a true hero because of his tireless efforts, brilliant mind, and commitment to helping feed the world. He showed amazing perseverance in the face of setbacks and challenges. Even though developing hybrid rice took over a decade of hard work, failures and sacrifice, he never quit because he cared so deeply about reducing hunger.Yuan is an inspiration that shows how the efforts of a single person really can change the world for the better and improve the lives of billions. I hope that, like Yuan, I can work hard, never give up on my goals, and use my talents to make a positive difference in the world. He proved that big dreams are possible through passion and dedication.If I could travel back in time, I would love to meet Yuan Longping as a young scientist tirelessly working in the fields testing countless rice hybrids year after year. I would tell him "Thank you for your incredible hard work and for never giving up on your mission. Because of you, millions of families will have enough to eat. You are changing the world and making it a better place. Keep going, you are going to do amazing things!"Yuan Longping is a true superstar in my eyes. He took on one of the biggest challenges facing humanity - not having enough food - and through his brilliant scientific mind and persistence, he found a way to produce vastly more rice and feed millions. That's the kind of hero I aspire to be - someone who uses their talents to help make the world a better place for everyone.篇3Yuan Longping: My Hero and Role ModelDo you know who my biggest hero is? It's not a movie star, athlete or even a superhero from the comics. My hero is a real person who has helped billions of people around the world. His name is Yuan Longping, and he is a Chinese agricultural scientist.When I first learned about Yuan Longping in school, I was amazed by his incredible life story and all the amazing things he has accomplished. He was born in 1930 in a very poor family in Beijing. His parents were farmers, so he grew up understanding how difficult farm life could be. Even though he didn't have much money or opportunities, he worked extremely hard in school. His dream was to find ways to increase food production to help feed people in China and beyond.After finishing university, Yuan became a scientist specializing in hybridizing different types of rice plants. Hybridizing means carefully combining two different varieties of a plant to create an new type with desirable traits from each "parent" variety. It's kind of like combining the best qualities of two people to create a child that inherits their positive characteristics.For many years, Yuan worked tirelessly to hybrid different rice varieties. He faced a lot of criticism and setbacks, but henever gave up. Finally, in the 1970s, he developed the first varieties of hybrid rice. These new types of rice could produce much higher yields compared to conventional inbred rice varieties.Yuan's hybrid rice was a massive breakthrough and one of the most important agricultural advances of the 20th century. It has hugely increased food production and alleviated hunger worldwide. Some estimates say Yuan's work helped produce enough extra food to feed 80 million people per year! That's like providing for the entire population of Germany annually.What I admire most about Yuan is his persistence, intelligence and compassion. Even though he came from humble beginnings, he worked incredibly hard, pursued his education, and followed his passion for science to find solutions to real world problems affecting millions. He could have taken an easier career path, but he chose to dedicate his life to serving humanity.Yuan is also remarkably humble despite his monumental achievements. When praised for developing hybrid rice, he responded modestly by saying: "A housewifemastering the technique of cooking could have done no more." He didn't seek fame or fortune, but simply wanted to ease human suffering from hunger and poverty.At age 90, Yuan unfortunately passed away in 2021. However, his legacy lives on through the widespread cultivation of hybrid rice crops developed from his research. It's estimated that hybrid rice now accounts for over 60% of China's total rice production. Yuan's innovations have been adopted in countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas as well.Yuan once said: "No matter how difficult some things are, we cannot give up. As long as we persevere in a concerted effort, we will be rewarded." Those words really inspire me to work hard, persist through difficulties, and use my talents to help make the world a better place - just like Yuan Longping did.I have so much respect and admiration for Yuan Longping's brilliance as a scientist and his incredible kindness towards humanity. Developing hybrid rice that has alleviated hunger and poverty for millions worldwide is such an incredible gift. Whenever I'm tempted to give up on something difficult, I think of Yuan's perseverance and how he never stopped pursuing solutions despite all the obstacles in his path.In my view, Yuan Longping is a true hero - not a fictional one, but a real person who changed the world through groundbreaking science, tireless work ethic and profound compassion for others. He has motivated me to study hard,especially science subjects like biology, so that maybe one day I can help solve big problems too. I want to have that same dedication to serving humanity that Yuan displayed throughout his remarkable life and career.Yuan Longping's example motivates me to be a lifelong learner, to find ways to use my skills and knowledge for the greater good of society. He has shown that it doesn't matter your background or circumstances - with determination, passion and drive for your goals, you can achieve great things and impact countless lives in positive ways.That's why Yuan Longping will always be my biggest role model and hero. He represents the incredible potential of the human spirit to innovate, overcome challenges, and make the world a far better place through brilliant science, wisdom and sincere care for our shared human family. I hope to honor his inspiring legacy by following in his footsteps of being a tireless problem solver dedicated to helping others.。
烟草专业英语考试地地总结
适用标准文案Chapter 1单词翻译：Nicotian烟草属combustion：焚烧 .Solanaceae茄科combustibility可燃性度nicotine尼古丁，烟碱pest resistance抗虫害agronomic performance农艺性能Chinese－ Style Cigarette：中式卷烟Chinese-style cigarette：中式卷烟Virginian-type cigarette：烤烟型卷烟blended cigarette：混淆型卷烟tar content：焦油含量aromatic芬芳的limit regulation’：限焦令 .Virginia tobacco：弗吉尼亚烟Flue-cured tobacco：烤烟 Bright tobacco：淡色烟Burley tobacco：白肋烟Oriental tobacco东方烟 Aromatic tobacco：香料烟Maryland tobacco：马里兰烟Cigar tobacco ：雪茄烟disease resistance：抗病性plant's physiology ：植物生理thresh ：打叶 redrying：复烤 aging：老化， ( 陈化、醇化 )fermentation发酵cigarette manufacture：卷烟生产smoke chemistry：烟气化学cigar雪茄cigarillo小雪茄smokeless tobacco：无烟烟草botanical植物的air-curing晾制 sun-curing晒制 fire-curing熏制 fiue-curing烤制the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration： STMA officially：国家烟草专卖局2. 长句子翻译Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a kind of special plant containing nicotine,belong to Solanaceae, Nicotiana.Tobacco differs from other crops in that it is used mostly for combustion. Variables of botanical, physical and chemical characteristics ofleaf tobacco determine degrees of combustibility,smoke composition,taste and aroma and, thus, product acceptability.烟草是一种特别的含有尼古丁的植物，属于茄科烟草属。
重测序-全基因组选择(GS)
首页 科技服务 测序指南 基因课堂 市场活动与进展 文章成果 关于我们全基因组选择1. Meuwissen T H, Hayes B J, Goddard M E.Prediction of total genetic value using genome-wide dense marker maps[J]. Genetics, 2001, 157(4): 1819 1829. 阅读原文>>2. Haberland A M, Pimentel E C G, Ytournel F, et al. Interplay between heritability, genetic correlation and economic weighting in a selection index with and without genomic information[J]. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2013, 130(6): 456-467. 阅读原文>>3. Wu X, Lund M S, Sun D, et al. Impact of relationships between test and training animals and among training animals on reliability of genomic prediction[J]. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2015, 132(5): 366-375. 阅读原文>>4. Goddard M E ,Hayes BJ. Genomic selection [J]. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics,2007,124:323:330. 阅读原文>>5. Heffner E L, Sorrells M E, Jannink J L. Genomic selection for crop improvement [J]. Crop Science, 2009, 49(1): 1-12. 阅读原文>>参考文献全基因组选择简介Meuwissen等[1]在2001年首次提出了基因组选择理论(Genomic selection , GS)，即利用具有表型和基因型的个体来预测只具有基因型不具有表型值动植物的基因组育种值(GEBV)。
农学博士英语作文题
农学博士英语作文题英文回答：Introduction.As an agricultural scientist, I am passionate about addressing the challenges facing global food security. With the world's population projected to reach 9 billion by 2050, we must develop sustainable and innovative solutions tofeed a growing population while protecting the environment. My doctoral research in Agricultural Sciences has equipped me with the knowledge and skills necessary to makesignificant contributions in this field.Research Highlights.My dissertation research focused on developing novel crop production systems that optimize yield whileminimizing environmental impact. I conducted extensivefield experiments to evaluate the effects of differentmanagement practices, such as cover cropping, reduced tillage, and precision agriculture, on soil health, crop productivity, and water quality. My findings have significant implications for improving the sustainability of agricultural production systems and reducing their environmental footprint.Furthermore, I have a strong foundation in plant breeding and genetics. I have developed expertise in using molecular markers and genomic selection tools to improve the traits of crops, such as yield, disease resistance, and drought tolerance. This knowledge will enable me to develop new crop varieties that are better adapted to changing climatic conditions and meet the demands of a growing global population.Research Impact.My research has been published in high-impactscientific journals and presented at international conferences. It has been cited by other researchers and has contributed to the advancement of scientific knowledge inthe field of agricultural sciences. My work has also received recognition from the scientific community, as evidenced by my receipt of several awards and research grants.Career Goals and Objectives.My long-term career goal is to become a leading researcher in the field of agricultural sciences. I aspire to make a significant contribution to global food security by developing innovative and sustainable crop production systems. I am confident that my doctoral degree will provide me with the foundation necessary to achieve my career aspirations.In the short term, I plan to pursue a postdoctoral research position at a renowned research institution. This will allow me to further develop my research skills and expand my network in the scientific community. I am particularly interested in exploring the potential of gene editing technologies to improve crop traits and address global challenges.中文回答：引言。
人工智能在农业方面应用英语作文
人工智能在农业方面应用英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern AgricultureAgriculture has been a fundamental aspect of human civilization since the dawn of time. From the earliest days of subsistence farming to the large-scale industrial operations of today, the cultivation of crops and rearing of livestock has been vital to sustaining life on our planet. However, as the world's population continues to grow and the demand for food increases, traditional agricultural practices are being challenged to keep pace. This is where the innovative field of artificial intelligence (AI) comes into play, offering a range of solutions that could revolutionize the way we produce and distribute food.One of the most promising applications of AI in agriculture is precision farming. By utilizing advanced sensors, drones, and satellite imagery, farmers can gather vast amounts of data on soil conditions, crop health, and weather patterns. This data can then be analyzed by AI algorithms to provide highly detailed and accurate recommendations for optimizing irrigation, fertilizerapplication, and pest control. Not only does this improve crop yields and reduce waste, but it also minimizes the environmental impact of farming by using resources more efficiently.AI is also playing a crucial role in automating various agricultural tasks. Robotic systems equipped with computer vision and machine learning capabilities can identify and remove weeds, monitor and tend to livestock, and even harvest crops with incredible precision. These automated systems not only increase productivity and reduce labor costs but also mitigate the physical strain and potential hazards associated with manual labor in agriculture.Another exciting development is the use of AI in plant breeding and genetics. By analyzing vast amounts of genomic data, AI algorithms can identify desirable traits in crops, such as drought resistance or higher nutritional content, and accelerate the breeding process. This could lead to the development of more resilient and nutritious crop varieties, better equipped to withstand the challenges posed by climate change and meet the dietary needs of a growing global population.While the potential benefits of AI in agriculture are vast, there are also concerns and challenges that must be addressed. One major issue is the accessibility and affordability of thesecutting-edge technologies for small-scale and subsistence farmers, who make up a significant portion of the global agricultural workforce. There is a risk that the adoption of AI could widen the gap between large-scale commercial operations and smaller, more traditional farms, potentially exacerbating existing inequalities.Additionally篇2The Role of AI in Modern Agriculture: Feeding the World SmarterAs a student passionate about technology and its real-world applications, I find the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and agriculture to be a fascinating and crucial area of study. With the world's population projected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050, feeding everyone will become an increasingly daunting challenge. Fortunately, AI is emerging as a powerful tool to help farmers and agricultural companies address this challenge through increased efficiency, sustainability, and profitability.At its core, AI involves developing computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, andlanguage translation. In the context of agriculture, AI can be applied in a myriad of ways to optimize various aspects of food production.One area where AI is making significant strides is precision farming. By combining data from sources like satellites, drones, and Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, AI algorithms can analyze vast amounts of information and provide farmers with detailed insights into their fields. This includes monitoring soil conditions, identifying pest or disease outbreaks, and even predicting crop yields with remarkable accuracy.AI-powered precision farming allows for more judicious use of resources like water, fertilizers, and pesticides, leading to higher crop yields while reducing the environmental impact. Farmers can make data-driven decisions about when and where to apply inputs, rather than relying on traditional blanket approaches. This not only cuts costs but also promotes sustainability by minimizing waste and runoff.Another exciting application of AI in agriculture is in the realm of agricultural robotics. From planting and weeding to harvesting and sorting, AI-enabled robots and drones can automate many labor-intensive tasks, increasing efficiency and reducing the need for human labor. This is particularly importantgiven the global shortage of agricultural workers and the physically demanding nature of farm work.For instance, researchers at MIT have developed a robot that can "see" and identify individual plants, allowing it to selectively spray herbicides only on weeds, reducing chemical usage by over 90%. Other AI-powered robots can pick fruits and vegetables with incredible dexterity, minimizing damage and waste during harvesting.Beyond optimizing field operations, AI is also being leveraged to improve supply chain management and food traceability. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast datasets to predict consumer demand, optimize logistics, and minimize food waste along the supply chain. Additionally, blockchain technology combined with AI can provideend-to-end traceability, allowing consumers to trace the journey of their food from farm to table, increasing transparency and trust.While the potential benefits of AI in agriculture are vast, there are also valid concerns that must be addressed. One major issue is the digital divide, where small-scale farmers in developing countries may lack access to the necessary technology and infrastructure to fully benefit from AI solutions.There is a risk that AI could exacerbate existing inequalities if not implemented in an inclusive and equitable manner.Additionally, the widespread adoption of AI in agriculture could potentially lead to job displacement, particularly forlow-skilled farm workers. As with any disruptive technology, there is a need for proactive measures to retrain and upskill workers to ensure a just transition.Despite these challenges, I am convinced that the responsible development and deployment of AI in agriculture is essential for achieving global food security and sustainability. However, this should be done in a way that prioritizes ethical considerations, data privacy, and the well-being of all stakeholders, including farmers, workers, and consumers.Governments, research institutions, and private companies must collaborate to ensure that AI solutions are accessible, affordable, and tailored to the diverse needs of farmers across different regions and contexts. Capacity-building programs should be implemented to educate and empower farmers to leverage AI effectively, while also fostering a culture of lifelong learning and adaptability.Moreover, the development of AI systems for agriculture must be guided by principles of transparency, fairness, andaccountability. AI algorithms should be designed to be explainable and free from harmful biases, and their decisions should be subject to human oversight and scrutiny.As a student passionate about this field, I am excited to witness the continued evolution of AI in agriculture and its potential to contribute to a more sustainable and food-secure future. With responsible stewardship and a commitment to ethical innovation, AI can be a powerful tool to help farmers feed the world more efficiently, while also preserving our planet's precious resources for generations to come.篇3The Role of AI in Modern AgricultureAs a student studying agricultural sciences, I have come to appreciate the profound impact that artificial intelligence (AI) is having on the farming industry. AI technologies are revolutionizing many aspects of agriculture, from optimizing crop yields and reducing waste to enabling more sustainable and eco-friendly practices. In this essay, I will explore some of the key applications of AI in modern agriculture and discuss their potential benefits and challenges.Precision Agriculture and Crop ManagementOne of the most significant applications of AI in agriculture is precision farming, which involves using data and technology to optimize crop yields and reduce waste. AI algorithms can analyze data from various sources, such as satellite imagery, weather patterns, soil composition, and historical yield data, to provide farmers with valuable insights and recommendations.For instance, AI-powered systems can help farmers identify the optimal time for planting, fertilizing, and harvesting crops based on various environmental factors. They can also detect and predict pest infestations or disease outbreaks, allowing farmers to take preventive measures and minimize crop losses. Additionally, AI can assist in precise irrigation management, ensuring that crops receive the right amount of water at the right time, reducing water waste and increasing water-use efficiency.AI-enabled precision agriculture not only has the potential to increase crop yields and profitability but also contributes to environmental sustainability by reducing the excessive use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides.Automation and RoboticsAnother area where AI is making significant strides in agriculture is automation and robotics. AI-powered robots and autonomous systems can perform various tasks traditionallydone by human workers, such as planting, weeding, harvesting, and sorting.For example, autonomous tractors and drones equipped with AI algorithms can navigate fields and perform tasks like planting seeds or spraying crops with precision, reducing labor costs and increasing efficiency. AI-powered robots can also assist in harvesting delicate crops like fruits and vegetables, minimizing damage and waste.While concerns about job displacement are valid, the adoption of agricultural robotics can help address labor shortages and reduce the physical strain on farm workers, particularly in labor-intensive tasks. Additionally, AI-powered automation can improve consistency, accuracy, and productivity, ultimately benefiting both farmers and consumers.Livestock Management and MonitoringAI is not just limited to crop cultivation; it also has valuable applications in livestock management and monitoring.AI-powered systems can analyze data from sensors and cameras to monitor the health, behavior, and well-being of livestock.For instance, AI algorithms can detect early signs of illness or distress in animals by analyzing their movements, vocalizations,and other behavioral patterns. This early detection can help farmers take proactive measures and provide timely treatment, improving animal welfare and reducing economic losses.AI can also optimize feed management by analyzing factors like animal growth rates, environmental conditions, and feed composition. This can lead to more efficient feed utilization, better animal health, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions from livestock operations.Challenges and ConcernsWhile the potential benefits of AI in agriculture are undeniable, there are also several challenges and concerns that need to be addressed. One major challenge is the initial cost of implementing AI technologies, which can be prohibitive for small-scale or resource-constrained farmers. Additionally, the integration of AI systems with existing agricultural infrastructure and practices can be complex and may require significant training and adaptation.There are also concerns regarding data privacy and security, as AI systems rely heavily on collecting and analyzing large amounts of data, including potentially sensitive information about farming operations and practices.Furthermore, the widespread adoption of AI in agriculture may lead to job displacement and disrupt traditional employment patterns in rural communities. It is crucial to consider the social and economic impacts of AI on these communities and develop strategies to mitigate potential negative consequences.Ethical considerations surrounding AI decision-making, transparency, and accountability also need to be addressed. As AI systems become more autonomous and sophisticated, it is essential to ensure that they adhere to ethical principles and that their decisions and recommendations are explainable and subject to human oversight.ConclusionIn conclusion, artificial intelligence is poised to revolutionize the agriculture industry in numerous ways. From precision farming and crop management to automation and livestock monitoring, AI technologies offer promising solutions to address many challenges facing modern agriculture, such as increasing productivity, reducing waste, and promoting sustainability.However, the adoption of AI in agriculture also presents several challenges and concerns that need to be carefully addressed. It is crucial to strike a balance between embracing thebenefits of AI and mitigating potential risks and negative impacts.As a student in agricultural sciences, I believe that interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers, policymakers, farmers, and technology experts is essential to ensure the responsible and ethical development and implementation of AI in agriculture. By working together and addressing these challenges, we can harness the full potential of AI to create a more efficient, sustainable, and equitable food production system for generations to come.。
粮食安全英文作文大学
粮食安全英文作文大学**Food Security: The Responsibilities and Challenges of Universities**In today's interconnected world, food security has become a global issue that transcends political and geographical boundaries. As the custodians of knowledge and innovation, universities play a pivotal role in addressing this critical challenge. This article explores the responsibilities and challenges universities face in ensuring food security and highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to tackle this complex problem. **The Role of Universities in Food Security**Universities are repositories of knowledge and expertise in various fields, including agriculture, environmental science, nutrition, and economics. They have the potential to contribute significantly to food security by conducting research, educating the next generation of leaders, and collaborating with stakeholders in the food system.**Research and Development**Universities are at the forefront of agricultural research and development, innovating new technologies and practices that can increase crop yields, reduce waste, and enhance the sustainability of food production. For example, research on crop breeding and genetics can lead to the development of varieties that are more resistant to climate change and diseases. Similarly, research on precision agriculture can help farmers manage their resources more efficiently, reducing waste and environmental degradation. **Education and Training**Universities also play a crucial role in educating and training the next generation of leaders in agriculture and food security. By providing students with a comprehensive understanding of the issues and challenges related to food security, universities can help shape a workforce that is well-equipped to address these challenges. Additionally, universities can foster a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship among students, encouraging them to develop sustainable solutions to food security problems.**Collaboration and Partnerships**Universities must collaborate and partner with various stakeholders in the food system, including governments, private sector companies, and community organizations. Through these partnerships, universities can leverage their resources and expertise to bring about transformative change in the food system. For example, universities can work with governments to develop policies and regulations that promote sustainable food production and distribution. They can also collaborate with private sector companies to develop innovative products and services that enhance food security.**Challenges Facing Universities in Food Security**While universities have significant potential to contribute to food security, they also face several challenges that can hinder their efforts.**Funding Constraints**Research and development in agriculture and food security often require significant funding, which can be a challenge for universities. Funding constraints can limit the scope and impact of research projects, hampering theability of universities to make meaningful contributions to food security.**Lack of Interdisciplinary Collaboration**Food security is a complex issue that requires a multidisciplinary approach. However, universities often face silos between departments and disciplines, which can hinder the development of comprehensive solutions. To address this challenge, universities need to foster a culture of interdisciplinary collaboration, encouraging researchers from different fields to work together and share knowledge.**Engaging with Stakeholders**Collaborating and engaging with various stakeholders in the food system can be challenging for universities. Establishing trust and building effective partnerships requires time and effort. Universities need to proactively seek opportunities to engage with these stakeholders, understand their needs and challenges, and work together to find solutions that benefit all parties involved.**Conclusion**Food security is a critical global issue that requires the collective effort of all stakeholders, including universities. Universities have the potential to make significant contributions to food security through research, education, and collaboration. However, to fully realizethis potential, universities must address the challenges they face, including funding constraints, silos between disciplines, and difficulties engaging with stakeholders.By taking a multidisciplinary approach and fostering collaboration and partnerships, universities can play a pivotal role in ensuring global food security.**粮食安全：大学的责任与挑战**在当今这个相互联系的世界中，粮食安全已经成为一个超越政治和地理界限的全球性问题。
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Breeding and geneticsGenetic variation or biodiversity within crop species is an essential pre-requisite for continued production of new improved cultivars. This is particularly so if those new cultivars are to be more resistant to pests and pathogens and less reliant on routine prophylactic agrochemicals, to maintain their yield and quality. The European form of the potato, Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum, represents perhaps a classic example of a crop species which lacks genetic variation and, consequently, requires substantial inputs of agrochemicals to maintain its productivity. The sustainability of this approach is questionable for a crop which ranks fourth in world importance after wheat, maize and rice, in terms of human food production.The potato is a relatively recent introduction into Europe, having been introduced during the Spanish conquest of South America about 500 years ago. These early introductions are believed to have been of the subspecies andigena, still cultivated in its native Peru. Adapted to the short days of equatorial regions, it took approximately 200 years for andigena to evolve into the long day adapted tuberosum form which predominates world-wide today. Limited introductions of andigena, and the loss of genetic variation that will have taken place during its evolution in Europe, meant that tuberosum offered no resistance when late blight was introduced from Mexico to Europe in the mid- 19th century, and caused the catastrophe that halved the population of Ireland. More recently, as potato cyst nematode populations increased due to shortened rotations in the mid-part of this century, it wasquickly found that no European forms of potato possessed resistance to this serious pest.Recognising tuberosum’s narrow genetic base, breed ers have successfully introgressed genetic resistance from several of the many related wild species and primitive forms that exist in Central and South America. Perhaps the most striking example was the rapid introgression of the H1gene, conferring resistance to the golden cyst nematode (PCN) pathotype RO1, from ssp. andigena CPC1673, into tuberosum and now available in most modern cultivars. Unfortunately, introgression of more complex genetic resistance to the white cyst nematode, from more distantly related wild species such as Solanum vernei, has taken much longer and is only partially effective.SCRI (Scottish Crop Research Institute) researchers are fortunate to have immediate access to the Commonwealth Potato Collection (CPC) of approximately 1,400 accessions representing more than 80 species of the tuber-forming members of the genus Solanum. The conservation and maintenance of such ex situ gene banks is particularly important when access to the wealth of genetic diversity in Central and South America is time consuming and costly due to the need to passage any Solanum material from the Americas through quarantine. However, conservation and maintenance is of little value if the germplasm is not properly characterised and utilised. At SCRI, though good levels of resistance to late blight and potato cyst nematodes are being achieved in recently released cultivars, and combined effectively in the multi-trait breeding experiment, we are conscious that our sources of resistance are limited to rather few species. It is strategically very important that additional, hopefullynovel, sources of resistance are found and introgressed into tuberosum, lest the currently available sources are defeated by new strains of pest or pathogen.Recently obtained external funding from the EU (European Union) and an SOAEFD (Scottish Office Agriculture, Environment and Fisheries Department) Flexible Fund project have provided the opportunity to expand the search for new sources of resistance to both late blight and PCN in the CPC. To date, sources of resistance to late blight have been identified in 57 accessions belonging to species from the seven taxonomic series within the tuber-bearing part of the genus Solanum. Not surprisingly, many of these are from Mexico, centre of origin of late blight itself, but several are from Bolivia and Argentina.Potentially, Solanum papita, a tetraploid Mexican wild species, seems to be a very useful source and has been successfully hybridized using mentor pollen and embryo rescue with a tuberosum cultivar. It was intended that, with molecular marker aided selection and rapid screening for resistance of the backcrosses to tuberosum, this complex form of resistance could be introgressed rapidly into agronomically-adapted tuberosum. However, the resistance tests on the F1 and backcross populations produced so far are proving difficult to interpret. Further crosses between resistant and susceptible accessions of papita itself are planned, so that the genetics of this potentially novel form of resistance can be interpreted. In the meantime, however, a diploid population of the species S. verocossum produced from crosses between susceptible and resistant accessions, is proving most useful. Beingdiploid and self-compatible makes this species ideal for genetic research and several molecular markers linked to QTL for late blight resistance have already been identified. This material will also prove ideal to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of molecular marker-aided selection at the diploid level. Similarly, at the tetraploid level, molecular markers linked to a major QTL for PCN resistance derived from S. vernei, have been located on linkage group IV. This QTL is only present in cultivars containing vernei-derived resistance and will also be extremely useful in establishing the effectiveness of marker-aided selection for vernei resistance at the tetraploid level.Potentially useful, high levels of resistance to the bacterial Erwinias (病菌的名称), which cause soft rot in tuber have been identified in the cultivated diploid group phureja. As these are clones from the unique SCRI long day adapted population of phureja, introgression into tuberosum should be relatively easy and the diploid status of phureja also facilitates studies into the genetics of resistance. Some clones from crosses between two soft rot resistant parents are also showing good levels of resistance to blackleg.。