Lesson 13 长句的翻译

Step4. Entering on a tentative translation of each sentence division:
1 影响矿石质量的不是别的东西而是矿石中天然固有的杂 质。 2 这些矿石的形成是由于地壳变迁运动，火山爆发， 沉积 作用，冰川作用和风化作用等造成的结果。 3 在上述地质变化的作用下，生成了火成岩，火山杂岩， 水成岩和沉积岩等。 4 上述岩石中有些处于共生状态，这是自然界没有纯净矿 石的主要原因。 5 人们之所以需要分离技术与器械——即选矿装置与设备， 人们之所以需要分离技术与器械——即选矿装置与设备， 其原因就在于此。 6 迄今为止，分离技术和器械尚不足以适应冶金工业的需 要，科学家们力图利用激光分离机把冶金工业提高到一个 新水平。
Step1. Presenting the long sentence in a skeleton form by grasping the major structure of the long sentence.
It is nothing else than impurities… that seriously affect the quality of …, which is formed as…, under the action of which… rocks etc., come into being…, some of which exist in…, wherein lies the reason for the need of …, (which have been) so far impotent to meet the requirements of …
Plastics is made from water which is a natural resource inexhaustible and available everywhere, coal which can be mined through automatic and mechanical processes at less cost and lime which can be obtained from the calcination (煅烧) of limestone widely present in (煅烧 煅烧) nature. 分别将water，coal， lime提出来放在第一句 提出来放在第一句， 分别将water，coal，和lime提出来放在第一句，然后 将全句切分为3 煤和石灰制成的。 将全句切分为3句：①塑料是由水﹑煤和石灰制成的。 水是取之不尽到处可以获得的天然资源； ②水是取之不尽到处可以获得的天然资源； ③煤是 用自动化和机械化的方法开采的，成本较低； 用自动化和机械化的方法开采的，成本较低；④石 灰是由煅烧自然界中广泛存在的石灰石得来的。 灰是由煅烧自然界中广泛存在的石灰石得来的。
2. Sample Analysis
It is nothing else than impurities prenatally（出生以前） prenatally（出生以前） inherent in ore that seriously affect the quality of the latter, which is formed as a result of geological vicissitudes（兴衰， vicissitudes（兴衰， 变迁） including diastrophic(地壳变动, 地壳变形)movement, diastrophic(地壳变动, 地壳变形)movement, eruption of volcano, sedimentation(沉降), glaciation（冰川 sedimentation(沉降), glaciation（冰川 作用） and weathering（侵蚀风化） etc., under the action weathering（侵蚀风化） of which pyrogenic（火成的，高热所产生的） rocks, pyrogenic（火成的，高热所产生的） volcanic complex（火山杂岩）, aqueous rocks（水成岩）, complex（火山杂岩）, rocks（水成岩）, sedimentary rocks（沉积岩） etc., come into being, some rocks（沉积岩） of which exist in a stage of symbiosis（共生现象）, the symbiosis（共生现象）, main cause of the absence of pure rocks in nature, wherein lies the reason for the need of separation technology and apparatus, namely, oredressing（选矿） devices and oredressing（选矿） equipment, (which have been) so far impotent to meet the requirements of metallurgical industry（冶金工业）; the industry（冶金工业）; scientists make every endeavor to elevate to a new high by laser separation.
Lesson Thirteen（第十三课） Thirteen（第十三课）
长句的翻译 Rendering of Long Sentences
I Long Sentences in EnglishEnglishChinese Translation
correct comprehension of the original: first and foremost step capacity for adequate representation of the thought of the author in the target language
II. Methods of Translating Long English Sentences
1. Embedding 嵌入法
This is no class war, but a war in which the whole British Empire and Commonwealth of Nations is engaged, without distinction of race, creed, or party.
1. Two Stages and Five Steps in Translating a Long Sentence
Stage I Comprehension Step1: presenting the long sentence in a skeleton form Step2: inferring the main idea from the context and the whole text Step3: distinguishing between the principal and subordinate elements and find out the interrelations between principal and subordinate clauses Stage II Presentation Step4: entering on a tentative translation of each sentence division Step5: rearrangement and finishing touches
a careful analysis of a long and complex sentence : (a) what the author is driving at; (b) what his argument or views are, and what “logic sequence” there is in the original; (c) what grammatical relations there are among the three, four or even more “modifiers”
Step2. Inferring the main idea from the context and the whole text:
Impurities prenatally inherent in ore seriously affect its quality. Ore is formed as a result of geological vicissitudes. Separation technology and apparatus are needed. The scientists endeavor to elevate it to a new high by laser separation.
Step3. Distinguishing between the principal and subordinate elements:
The principal clause: It is … in ore; Subordinate clause: that seriously affect… by laser separation; Attributive clauses in the subject clauses: which is formed…, under the action of which… come into being, wherein (= in which), (which have been) so far impotent to …, metallurgical industry (which) the scientists make every endeavor to…