Baryogenesis through axion domain wall
Razer Leviathan V2 用户手册说明书
DOC 9261 岸基直升机场手册说明书
D OC 9261 PART II ONSHORE HELIPORT MANUAL Jim Lyons HDWG (RAeS)Heliport Manual –Part II (contents) Chapter 1 –IntroductionChapter 2 –Site Selection, Management and Heliport Data Chapter 3 –Physical CharacteristicsChapter 4 –Obstacle EnvironmentChapter 5 –Visual AidsChapter 6 –Heliport Emergency ResponseChapter 1 –Historical backgroundIntroductionScop and purposeContents of documentChapter 2 –Site selection, management and heliport data (contents of chapter) Site SelectionHeliport DataCertification of HeliportsSafety Management SystemsHeliport WinterisationSafeguarding of HeliportsInspection Qualifications and TrainingAppendix A –A Sample Aviation Safeguarding ProcedureChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics GeneralThe FATOThe TLOFHelicopter taxiways and taxi-routesAprons and standsAppendix A –The design helicopterAppendix B –Surface loadingAppendix C –Establishing the rejected take-off distance Appendix D –Establishing a virtual clearwayAppendix E –Rotor downwash and outwashChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (principal defined areas)FATOTLOFHelicopter Stand Helicopter Taxiway Ground Taxi-route Air Taxi-route ObjectivesAttributesAssociationsChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (FATO –objective, attributes and associations)3.1.1 A FATO shall:a) provide:1) an area free of obstacles, except for essential objects which because of their function arelocated on it, and of sufficient size and shape to ensure containment of every part of the design helicopter in the final phase of approach and commencement of take-off in accordance with the intended procedures; 2) when solid, a surface which is resistant to the effects of rotor downwash; andi) when collocated with a TLOF, is contiguous and flush with the TLOF, has bearingstrength capable of withstanding the intended loads and ensures effectivedrainage; or ii)when not collocated with a TLOF, is free of hazards should a forced landing be required; and b) be associated with a safety area.Attribute -ContainmentAttribute -Surface ConditionsChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (PC 2/3 FATO)Minimum FATO size = 1.5 Design DChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (PC1 FATO with rejected take-off area)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (PC1 restricted and helipad FATO with rejected take-off areas)FATO does not haveto have a surfaceChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics Associations (side slope at 45 degrees to 10 m)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics Associations (PC1 back-up area -schematic)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics Associations (Back-up area –3D visualisation)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (TLOF –objective, attributes and associations)3.1.21 A TLOF shall:a) provide:1)an area free of obstacles and of sufficient size and shape to ensure containment of theundercarriage of the most demanding helicopter the TLOF is intended to serve inaccordance with the intended orientation;2) a surface which:i)has sufficient bearing strength to accommodate the dynamic loads associatedwith the anticipated type of arrival of the helicopter at the designated TLOF;ii)is free of irregularities that would adversely affect the touchdown or lift-offof helicopters;iii)has sufficient friction to avoid skidding of helicopters or slipping of persons;iv)is resistant to the effects of rotor downwash; andv)ensures effective drainage while having no adverse effect on the control orstability of a helicopter during touchdown and lift-off, or when stationary;andb) be associated with a FATO or a stand.Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Helicopter Taxiways and Taxi-routes)Taxiway Attributes –Containment (wheels) and Surface LoadingTaxi-route Attributes –Containment (helicopter)Note.-the taxiway is always associated with a taxi-route –either ground or airChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Helicopter Taxiways and Taxi-routes)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (stand –shown in context) Stand Attributes –Containment (helicopter)Note.-the stand is always associated with a TLOF (whichprovides wheel containment and surface loading attributes)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Stand) A more complex stand –for ground taxiingChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix A –the design helicopter)1.3 In order to define the critical design helicopter, the following elements have to be established:a) MTOM;b) largest dimension of the helicopter with the rotors turning (D);c) largest width of the helicopter (which is generally accepted to be RD);d) largest UCW;e) largest containment area for all undercarriages (length and width (TLOF));f) largest distance between the Main Rotor Centroid and the mid-point of the D;g) required dimensions for hover and, if applicable, ground turning;h) wheel/skid loading (to establish the surface loading requirements);i) fuselage length/width (for the RFFS calculations); andj) critical obstacle avoidance criteria for obstacle limitation surfaces.Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix A –establishing minimum undercarriage containment)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix A –establishing minimum turning circle)3.5.2 Turning on the ground (wheeled undercarriage)3.5.2.1 Theoretically, a wheeled helicopter can be turned around its rotor centroid; however, it can place anunacceptable strain on the undercarriage if the helicopter is forced to rotate in its own length. In addition, a short run along the longitudinal axis may be required for the releasing and setting of wheel locks.3.5.2.2 If a helicopter is precisely manoeuvred around a radius-of-turn of 0.25D, it will be contained within acircle of 1.25D; and for a radius of turn of 0.5D, 1.75D, as shown in Figure II-3-A-6.3.5.2.3 In practice, most wheeled helicopters will have a minimum radius of turn established by the manufacturerwhich should be used in the design process. In the absence of data, the minimum radius of turn should be 0.5D.Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix B –surface loading)Surface loading has a substantial effect on the requirements for heliport design. Two terms commonly used in the provision of surface loading are defined in common language:a) static: having no motion; being at rest; quiescent; andb) dynamic: of, or relating to, energy or objects in motion.Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix C –rejected take-off distance vis-a-visTLOF and FATO)Physical dimensionsUndercarriage containment area (UC)/width/lengthRotorcraft overall length (D)Reference area of 1DTouchdown reference pointPerformance/measured informationTouchdown performance scatter (aircraft reference point scatter – 2X)Undercarriage containment area plus two times the touchdown performance scatterMinimum elevated heliport size demonstrated (AC 29-2C Para 29-75(b)(2)(viii) – includes UC + two times visual cues (2V) plus two times touchdown performance scatter (2X))Minimum rotorcraft containment area (MRCA) – overall length (D) plus the touchdown performance scatter (2X)Minimum TLOF sizeMinimum FATO sizeChapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix D –establishing a virtual clearway outside heliport) All Category A vertical procedures (i.e. other than runway-types)require a clearway (within or outside the heliport boundary)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix D –establishing a virtual clearway outside heliport)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix D –establishing a virtual clearway outside heliport)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix D –establishing a virtual clearway outside heliport)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix E –rotorcraft downwash and outwash)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix E –rotorcraft downwash and outwash)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix E –rotorcraft downwash and outwash)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix E –rotorcraft downwash and outwash)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix E –rotorcraft downwash and outwash)Chapter 3 –Physical Characteristics (Appendix E –rotorcraft downwash and outwash)Chapter 4 –Obstacle EnvironmentObstacle limitations surfaces and sectorsApproach surfaceTransitional surfaceTake-off surfaceSurface with and without PinSApplication of obstacle limitationsAppendix A –Elevating the origin of take-off and or approach surfaces and utilizing PC1 vertical proceduresChapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (slope design categories)Surface and dimensionsSlope design categoriesA B CApproach and take-off climb surface:Length of inner edge Width of safety area Width of safety area Width of safety areaLocation of inner edge Safety area boundary(Clearway boundaryif provided)Safety area boundary Safety area boundaryDivergence:(1st and2nd section)Day use onlyNight use10%15%10%15%10%15%First section:LengthSlopeOuter width3 386 m4.5%(1:22.2)(b)245 m8%(1:12.5)N/A1 220 m12.5%(1:8)(b)Second section:LengthSlopeOuter widthN/AN/AN/A830 m16%(1:6.25)(b)N/AN/AN/ATotal length from inner edge(a) 3 386 m c 1 075 m c 1 220 m c Transitional surface:SlopeHeight50%(1:2)45 m d50%(1:2)45 m d50%(1:2)45 m da.The approach and take-off climb surface lengths of3386m,1075m and1220m associated with the respective slopes brings the helicopter to152m(500ft)above FATO elevation.b.Seven rotor diameters overall width for day operations or10rotor diameters overall width for night operations.c.This length may be reduced if vertical procedures are in place or increased if the approach surface is extended to meet the OCS of the PinSarrival/departure procedure.This table contains the required surface and dimensionfor any Obstacle Limitation Surface(OLS)but each,in accordance with the notes,can be modified by elevatingthe surfaces-when vertical procedures are in place.The specific case of elevating the clearway,OLS and protection surfaces is addressed in Appendix A.Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (approach surface –type C)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (transitional surface -for limited visibility procedures)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (take-off climb surface –type A)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (take-off climb surface –type A with clearway)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (take-off climb surface –type B)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (take-off climb surface –type C)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (example of PinS –proceed visually with DP)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (example of PinS –with proceed visually DP)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (example of PinS –proceed visually)Chapter 4 –Obstacle Environment (example of PinS –proceed visually)Chapter 4 –Appendix A -elevating the origin of the take-off climb surfaceChapter 4 –Appendix A -elevating the origin of the approach surfaceElevating surfaces for landingChapter 4 –Appendix A -elevating the take-off climb/approach surfaces (with side-slope protection)Chapter 5 –Visual AidsIndicatorsMarking AidsLightsAppendix A –Visual alignment guidance systemsAppendix B –Helicopter rapproach path indicator (HAPI)Appendix C –Example of the UK specifications for a hospital heliport lighting system。
Citronic活动跨越CX23和CX34用户手册说明书
Active CrossoversCX23 170.929CX34 170.932User ManualFeatures:∙Linkwitz-Riley crossover filters∙Mono/Stereo operating modes∙Switchable Phase Invert∙Switchable Butterworth 40Hz low cut∙Balanced or unbalanced XLR connectionsIntroduction:Thank you for choosing a Citronic active crossover. This product has been designed to give accurate control for a multi-amplifier sound reinforcement system. In order to achieve the best results from this equipment and avoid damage through misuse, please read and follow these instructions and retain for future reference.Warning:To prevent the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose any part of the unit to rain or moisture.If liquids are spilled on the surface, stop using immediately, allow unit to dry out and have checked by qualified personnel before further use.Avoid impact, extreme pressure or heavy vibration to the unit.There are no user serviceable parts inside the crossover – refer all servicing to qualified service personnel.Safety ∙ Check that the supplied mains lead is in good condition and the supply voltage is correct. ∙ Ensure signal leads are of good condition and connected to appropriate inputs/outputs ∙ Do not allow any foreign particles to enter the console through control apertures or connector aperturesPlacement ∙ Keep out of direct sunlight and away from heat sources. ∙ Keep away from damp or dusty environments. ∙ When rack-mounting, avoid placing heavy units above the unit and ensure all connectors are accessibleCleaning ∙ Use a soft cloth with a neutral detergent to clean the casing as required ∙ Use a soft brush to clear debris from the control surface ∙ Do not use strong solvents for cleaning the unit.Front PanelRear PanelWhat is an Active Crossover?A crossover is a device for separating the high frequencies from the low frequencies in a sound reinforcement system. Passive crossovers exist in speaker cabinets to split the high and low frequencies of an amplifier output and feed into the appropriate speaker components. This is usually necessary in cabinets with separate low frequency and high frequency speaker components (woofers and tweeters) but can be inefficient because it operates on the high energy output from an amplifier and dissipates much energy as heat.Active crossovers operate before the amplifier(s) stage, where the signal is typically less than a Volt, affording accurate and efficient separation of the component frequencies. Essentially, an active crossover splits each audio signal into 2, 3 or even 4 sets of frequencies, feeding each into a separate amplifier, which in turn powers a specific speaker component. This allows each speaker component to handle just the type of sound it produces most efficiently, avoiding wasting energy from the amplifier. Configuration∙ The CX23 can be configured as a 2-way stereo or 3-way mono crossover∙ The CX34 can be configured as a 2-way stereo, 3-way stereo or 4-way mono crossoverThe connection and operating mode depends upon the type of amplifier configuration (bi-amp, tri-amp or quad-amp)ConnectionIn all configurations, the output(s) (left and right or mono) from the signal source (usually the main mixing console) are connected to the input(s) of the crossover. All connections are balanced (or unbalanced, if preferred) and should be connected using good quality XLR leadsIn a bi-amped system, the LOW (or LF SUM) outputs are connected to the inputs of the power amplifier which will drive the sub cabinets and the HIGH outputs are connected to the inputs of the power amplifier which will drive the mid-top cabinets.In a tri-amped system, the LOW (or LF SUM) outputs are connected to the inputs of the power amplifier which will drive the sub cabinets, the MID outputs are connected to the power amplifier which will power the main drivers of the mid-top cabinets and the HIGH outputs are connected to the inputs of the power amplifier which will drive the high frequency drivers in the mid-top cabinetsIn a quad-amped system, the LOW (or LF SUM) output is connected to the input of the power amplifier which will drive the sub cabinets, theLOW-MID output is connected to the power amplifier which will power the dedicated mid-range cabinets, the HIGH-MID outputs are connected tothe power amplifier which will power the main drivers of the mid-top cabinets and the HIGH outputs are connected to the inputs of the power amplifier which will drive the high frequency drivers in the mid-top cabinetsConnect the crossover to mains power via the supplied IEC lead, ensuring the supply voltage is correct.There may be slight variations from these set-ups but all follow the same basic principles.OperationIt may help to know the frequency responses of all speaker components in the system or alternatively, crossover setup can be done by ear. The main parameters are the crossover frequencies and gain amounts for each output.Select the MODE that the crossover is to be used from the buttons on the rear panel. Each mode gives controls different parameters, so care must be taken to read the control’s function printed on the front panel for the given mode.If tri-amped or quad-amped systems are used, the Crossover frequency multiplier should be pressed in for MID/HIGH or HIGH-MID/HIGH crossover points. This causes the frequency control to operate at a much higher frequency (10x) which is more suited to the division between mid and high frequency drivers.With all amplifiers switched off, turn down all GAIN controls and switch on the crossover. Switch on amplifiers and turn up the volume of each output. Play the signal from the sound source (mixer) through the crossover and gradually increase the gain controls of each section. Gradually rotate the XOVER FREQ (crossover frequency) control for LOW/HIGH or LOW/MID or LOW/LOW-MID until the desired bass character is achieved. This is the control that determines the highest frequencies that will be fed into the sub cabinets. Lower crossover settings will need higher gain settings to compensate for frequencies that are not fed into the sub cabinet (filtered out).Repeat the crossover frequency setting process for LOW-MID, MID, HIGH-MID and HIGH frequencies (where appropriate) adjusting the crossover frequencies to suit each driver and gains to balance the range of frequencies.Occasionally, frequencies from some cabinets in stereo setups can have opposing phase characters. Also, some drivers may sit physically further back from others. This can cause cancellation of frequencies. To deal with this, the Citronic crossovers have Phase switches, which can be pressed in to invert the phase of the signal (push becomes pull and vice versa). This can be tested by trial and error to hear if pressing the switch in has a beneficial effect to the volume level of that particular frequency.To further help avoiding phase cancellation, the LOW can be “summed” to a mono signal (LF SUM), eradicating differing signals in the lower registers of a stereo signal.Remember to turn down amplifiers and switch off prior to powering down the crossover to avoid loud noises in the sound system.Note: for further troubleshooting, refer equipment to qualified service personnel for testing© Citronic 2011。
介绍一家音箱工厂的英语作文
介绍一家音箱工厂的英语作文The Audio Speaker Factory: A Harmonious Symphony of Sound and CraftsmanshipThe air is filled with the gentle hum of machinery and the rhythmic pulsing of sound waves as I step into the bustling heart of the audio speaker factory. This is where the magic happens a place where the essence of music is captured and transformed into tangible products that bring joy and immersion to listeners around the world.As I navigate through the expansive production floor, I am struck by the sheer scale and complexity of the operation. Rows of gleaming assembly lines stretch out before me, each one a meticulously choreographed dance of human skill and technological precision. Workers move with practiced efficiency, their hands deftly assembling the intricate components that will soon become the beating heart of a speaker system.The journey of an audio speaker begins with the selection of the finest raw materials. High-quality materials are sourced from aroundthe globe, each one carefully evaluated for its acoustic properties and durability. From the sturdy wood of the cabinet to the delicate diaphragms of the drivers, every element is chosen with the utmost care to ensure the speaker's ability to deliver a truly exceptional listening experience.At the heart of the manufacturing process lies the driver assembly line, where the core components of the speaker are meticulously crafted. Here, skilled technicians use specialized tools to painstakingly construct the voice coils, magnets, and cones that will work in harmony to produce the rich, full-bodied sound that defines the brand. The attention to detail is truly remarkable, with each component undergoing rigorous testing and quality control checks to ensure it meets the exacting standards set by the factory.As the assembly process progresses, the various components are carefully integrated into the speaker's housing, creating a seamless and visually stunning final product. The cabinet, crafted from premium wood or high-tech composites, is meticulously sanded, stained, and polished to achieve a flawless finish. The intricate wiring and crossover networks are neatly routed and secured, ensuring optimal signal flow and minimal interference.But the true magic happens in the sound testing laboratory, where each speaker undergoes a battery of rigorous performanceevaluations. Trained audio engineers meticulously analyze the speaker's frequency response, distortion levels, and overall tonal balance, making precise adjustments to ensure that every unit meets or exceeds the company's stringent quality benchmarks. It is in this space that the speaker's true potential is realized, as the engineers fine-tune the design to achieve a level of audio fidelity that is truly breathtaking.Throughout the entire manufacturing process, the factory maintains an unwavering commitment to environmental sustainability and social responsibility. The use of eco-friendly materials and energy-efficient production methods is a point of pride, as the company strives to minimize its carbon footprint and contribute to a greener future. Additionally, the factory takes great care to ensure the safety and well-being of its employees, providing comprehensive training, state-of-the-art safety equipment, and a nurturing work environment that fosters a sense of pride and camaraderie.As I leave the factory, I am filled with a deep appreciation for the level of craftsmanship and dedication that goes into every audio speaker that rolls off the assembly line. This is not just a factory it is a symphony of sound, where the harmonious interplay of human skill, technological innovation, and a relentless pursuit of excellence come together to create products that truly captivate the senses.In a world where music is the universal language that transcends boundaries and connects people, the audio speakers produced in this factory play a vital role in amplifying that connection. Whether it's the thunderous bass that rattles the walls during a live concert or the delicate nuances of a string quartet that transport the listener to another time and place, these speakers are the conduits through which the power of music is channeled and shared with the world.As I reflect on my experience, I am left with a profound sense of admiration for the men and women who dedicate their talents and passion to this craft. They are more than just factory workers they are the custodians of a legacy, the guardians of a tradition that has the power to enrich the lives of countless individuals. And in doing so, they have become the architects of a symphony that will continue to reverberate through the hearts and minds of music lovers for generations to come.。
JWatcher软件用户手册说明书
analysis is best.The chapter then moves into detailed, step-by-step instructions on how to run each analysis. The coverage of these procedures is,necessarily,a bit more detailed than the other sections because most users will not be familiar with the specific features of each test.Finally,Chapter15includes four different out-standing laboratory exercises that use JWatcher to teach students:(1)how to develop their own ethogram and score behavior,(2)the differences between time sampling and continuous recordings, (3)how to conduct sequential analysis,and(4)how to use both sequential analysis and basic analysis to refine research questions from initial pilot data.These exercises use video clips downloadable from the JWatcher website free of charge and would be excellent teaching tools in the classroom.This manual is a vast improvement over the Version0.9Manual available on the JWatcher website, which only covers some basic guidelines for running the software,explains what the individual file types do,and indicates how to analyze results.The online manual has no coverage of the complex sequential analysis functions of JWatcher1.0.In summary,this book is a necessity for users at all experience levels who wish to quantify behavior using an event recorder.JWatcher software is free of charge and this manual is affordable enough that several copies could be purchased for use in one’s research laboratory.The money from the sale of the manual is used to support further development of the software so that the future versions of the program can be offered free of charge.Theodore StankowichOrganismic&Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst Morrill Science Center South,611N.Pleasant Street,Amherst,MA01003E-mail:Advance Access publication February14,2008doi:10.1093/icb/icn005An Introduction to Nervous Systems. Ralph J.Greenspan,editor.Woodbury,NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,2007. 172pp.ISBN978-0-87969-0(hardcover)$65.00,ISBN 978-0-87969-821-8(paper)$45.00.Over the past30years,there have been several iterations of books aimed at capturing in brief the essence of the organization and function of the nervous system.Not uncommonly,they extract general princi-ples that would be more fully explored in a compre-hensive text but do not otherwise deviate significantly from the traditional form and content of presentation. This one does.Ralph Greenspan is an established neuroscientist who has pioneered novel research to explore basic and cognitive aspects of nervous system function using the fruit fly as a model system.As he states in the Preface of this book,the Neurocience Institute,of which he is a staff scientist,aims to be a provocative academy,to“push the envelope.”That philosophy is clearly conveyed in the creative,non-traditional style of presentation in this special book. The title of the book,“An Introduction to Nervous Systems,”is a bit misleading.A more accurate title, although cumbersome,would be something like “An Introduction to Nervous Systems through Exam-ination of Some Invertebrate Models.”The book uses select examples from invertebrate nervous systems to convey some fundamental principles that apply in some respects to the organization and function of thenervous system in general.In the final,short chapter—“Are All Brains Alike?Are All Brains Different?”—theauthor writes“Perhaps all nervous systems make useof common general strategies.Anatomical disparitiesmay mask underlying functional similarities in thetasks performed by various circuits.”At first glance,it is surprising that nowhere in thetext are there descriptions of what has been learnedabout ion channels and membrane potentials from classical studies of squid giant axons;of neuralnetwork properties from studies of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion;of nervous system develop-ment from experiments on fruit fly nerve cord or nematode worms;of sensory signaling and receptionfrom the moth or cricket;or of insect social structure,for example.The author’s enthusiasm for Drosophila,which represents his main research subject,is reflectedin a substantial fraction of the book.Moreover,thereis little or no discussion of how the principles described are employed in mammals.Surveying thebreadth of the neurobiology landscape seems not to bethe primary purpose of this book.Rather,it describesselect examples that highlight what studies of“simple”invertebrate nervous systems have taught us.The taleslink organization of the nervous system to the organism’s behavior,for which invertebrates haveproven to be especially valuable.In a modern, molecular,mammalian research universe,the rich439 Downloaded from https:///icb/article/48/3/439/627027 by Guangxi University of Nationalities user on 18 September 2023history of fundamental contributions of invertebrates to neuroscience may too often be overlooked.It is especially in this respect that the book is a welcome contribution to the neurobiological literature.In the introduction to Chapter4—“Modulation,The Spice of Neural Life”—the author writes:“The capabilities of invertebrates have traditionally been underesti-mated.Perhaps this is because they are not warm and fuzzy...For whatever reason,it has taken us an inordinately long time to realize that even the simplest animals have the capacity for modifying their behavior by adjusting the activities of their nervous systems. Perhaps this is a fundamental,inseparable property of nervous systems.”Despite the fact that the book deviates from a traditional style,in its own way it follows a rather traditional sequence,e.g.,membrane potentials,then chemical signaling and sensing,then neural circuits,then neuromodulation,then biological clocks,then higher,or cognitive,function.There is a lot to like in this book,not only in its fascinating content but in the style of presentation. Ralph Greenspan weaves a tapestry about the molecular,cellular and network origins of function and behavior,and the implications for speciation, using a variety of invertebrate models.The images he creates are expressed as interesting,often humorous, readable stories about what some nervous systems do, how they do it,and how that has evolved using some basic principles in novel ways.Each chapter begins with a relevant quote or poem from a literary or scientific giant that sets the stage and tone for the often poetic introduction and description that follows. The stories themselves—about swimming in Paramecium and jellyfish,light detection by barnacles, decision making by marine snails,circadian rhythms, flying,and mating—are fascinating because they are set in a context of understanding the generation and modulation of behavior and,in some cases,the impact on ecology and evolution.Although the author states in the Preface that the book is intended for the neurobiology novice posses-sing a basic introductory knowledge of biology,this reviewer believes that it would be more appropriate for an individual with an introductory neurobiological background.For example,in the very first chapter, one quickly discovers that understanding“simple”systems can be quite complex.In particular,students new to neurobiology often struggle with concepts underlying the generation of membrane potentials and the relationship of voltage and current,yet the text and figures require some understanding of these topics.In this respect,the Glossary at the end of the book seems uneven,defining some very basic biological terms yet not defining“receptor potential,”for example,which is named but not explained in the caption of Figure3.10.Not to quibble,but this reviewer and two other neuroscientists who scanned the book question some statements or generalizations proposed,particularly in the Introduction(“What are Brains For”?).For example,on page1it states“When it comes to brains,size unquestionably matters.”While that is no doubt true,it may be the organization of cells,i.e.the way they interact,that is more relevant.If it is size that is so important,then one should note that about three quarters of cells in mammalian brain are glial cells, not neurons,some potentially capable of modulating chemical signaling at up to100,000synapses,yet their contributions are not mentioned(see below). Furthermore,spinal cords also possess much of the organization and cellular interactions,e.g.,integrating sensory input and generating motor output,yet we view their capabilities as somewhat lacking in comparison with brain.What might be the funda-mental differences between invertebrate and verte-brate nervous systems and between brain and spinal cord that yield unique aspects of functional compe-tence?Or,are they as different as we imagine them to be,particularly in comparing function in invertebrates versus vertebrates?These are some interesting questions—not found in a typical comprehensive text—that might be explored a bit further in the Introduction and perhaps elsewhere in the book.In addition,on page2,the author writes“Chemical sensing is almost certainly the original sense...,”yet mechanically gated ion channels that could sense changes in flow or pressure in the ambient environ-ment are universal and also have been identified in prokaryotic organisms.Also,on page4,the author writes“And because none of us wants to submit to being experimented upon...we study animals.”Yet, there is a substantial and rapidly growing literature that provides insights on the organization and function of human brain from studies of living persons—for example from functional MRI or stimulation/recording of brain of awake epileptic patients—or of postmortem tissue samples.There are several other aspects of the book in its current form that would benefit from revision in a second edition.First,the emphasis is on how invertebrate nervous systems inform on nervous systems in general,but it is not clear in many cases to what extent the general organization of the behaviors is similar in invertebrates and vertebrates or whether similar molecules or mechanisms are used for different purposes.Does evolution mix and match bits and pieces of behavioral components that moves behavior in new directions?One also wonders whether440Book ReviewsDownloaded from https:///icb/article/48/3/439/627027 by Guangxi University of Nationalities user on 18 September 2023there are good examples of invertebrate nervous systems and behaviors that do not translate well to a mammalian equivalent.Second,the book has a traditional neurocentric focus—and some inverte-brates indeed have few glial cells—yet in the past couple of decades it has become abundantly clear from studies of mammalian systems that interactions of neurons with glia play vital roles in regulation of neural function,development and blood flow.Third, some of the figures could benefit from greater clarity or correction of the illustration or of the explanation in the caption,including citing the source link that is listed in the Bibliography at the end of the book.In addition,the Preface could note the location of the relevant Bibliography,currently organized by chapters but separate from them.It should be noted that the author also recently co-edited a much more compre-hensive(800pages),related book(“Invertebrate Neurobiology”)with Geoffrey North.In summary,this is an excellent book for gaining an appreciation for the links between form-function and behavior in the nervous system from invertebrate model systems and one that is interesting and enjoyable to read.It should be particularly valuable in inspiring budding or established life scientists to read more on the subject or even to become engaged in the pursuit of elucidating fundamental principles of neurobiology and behavior.It should stimulate broad questions about nervous systems and behavior. From a pedagogical perspective,I could imagine it being assigned as a short text in a general course on neurobiology and behavior or in a specialized neurobiology course that focuses on invertebrates or as a supplement to a more comprehensive text.Robert M.GrossfeldDepartment of Zoology NC State University,Raleigh,NC27695E-mail:*************************Advance Access publication February15,2008doi:10.1093/icb/icn004Rodent Societies–An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective.Jerry O.Wolff and Paul W.Sherman,editors. Chicago,IL:University of Chicago Press,2007.610pp. ISBN0-226-90536-5(cloth),$125.00and ISBN0-226-90537-3(paper),$49.00.As the editors point out in the first sentence of the first chapter,“The Rodentia is the largest order of mammals consisting of more than2000species and comprising44%of all mammals.”This breadth makes the task of compiling a definitive and comprehensive anthology on rodent societies a nearly impossible task,but the result is undoubtedly the most exhaustive and progressive analysis of rodent social behavior to date.Deftly edited by Jerry Wolff and Paul Sherman,this well-organized book,consisting of41chapters from61contributors is,without doubt,a significant compendium of more than50years of research.That being said,only a true rodent lover is likely to love this book.Its creation was prompted by the success of the two volumes within this series that preceded it:Primate Societies and Cetacean Societies(published by University of Chicago Press).Thus,the scope and format of Rodent Societies is in many ways similar to that of the previous two volumes.The text is organized into nine sections,beginning with a succinct,but satisfying,overview of rodent evolutionary history and proceeding through sexual behavior,life histories and behavior,behavioral development,social behavior, antipredator behavior,comparative socioecology,con-servation and disease,and a final concluding sectionwritten by the editors on potential directions for future research.Each chapter concludes with a summary thatbriefly reviews the material,identifies caveats,and frequently suggests strategies for future research.The chapters are written by some of the most productiveand well-known scholars in the field but,as expected ina multi-authored work,the quality is uneven.Some chapters do a better job than others of achieving thestated goal to“synthesize and integrate the currentstate of knowledge about the social behavior of rodents”and to“provide ecological and evolutionary contexts for understanding rodent societies.”However,it generally succeeds in combining ideasand strategies from a wide range of disciplines to generate new theoretical and experimental paradigmsfor exploring rodent social behavior.Despite this,itfeels outdated in many places.Much of the work citedin the text is not new,with the majority of citationsdating before2000and a substantial number datingbefore1985.Even the photographs,all in black andwhite,are fairly old and some date back to the1950s.Some of the illustrations are even hand-drawn.Thismakes the book feel like historical retrospective rathera breakthrough collaborative of evolutionary and behavioral biology.441 Downloaded from https:///icb/article/48/3/439/627027 by Guangxi University of Nationalities user on 18 September 2023。
雷蛇Kraken 7.1 Chroma USB游戏耳机 说明书
Get the complete 7.1 surround sound gaming experience with the Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma USB gaming headset. This headset adopts the comfortable form factor of the Razer Kraken Pro, tested by numerous professional gamers to determine the optimal ergonomics for extended gaming sessions.The full potential of the Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma is unleashed by its advanced 7.1 virtual surround sound engine. Driven by Razer’s powerful Synapse unified configuration software, this highly customizable engine modulates sound to simulate a 360⁰ surround sound experience, allowing you to precisely pinpoint directional audio to know exactly where your enemies are. The headset’s 40mm neodymium magnet drivers power a sound signature that features deep bass, warm mids, and crystal-clear highs for total gaming immersion.Featuring a retractable microphone in the left ear cup that stays hidden when not in use, the Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma maintains a sleek form factor while protecting the microphone during transportation and storage. This flexible, omnidirectional digital microphone comes equipped with an optimized algorithm, promising pristine voice quality unachievable through traditional analog microphones. Boasting an impressive signal-to-noise ratio and an extended wideband frequency response, the digital microphone ensures a clear, natural sounding voice reproduction with minimal noise. Now with Chroma customizable lighting on the ear cups this headset offers both personalized surround sound and color.TABLE OF CONTENTS1. PACKAGE CONTENTS / SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS (2)2. REGISTRATION / TECHNICAL SUPPORT (2)3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (3)4. DEVICE LAYOUT (4)5. USING YOUR RAZER KRAKEN 7.1 CHROMA (5)6. INSTALLING YOUR RAZER KRAKEN 7.1 CHROMA (8)7. CONFIGURING YOUR RAZER KRAKEN 7.1 CHROMA (9)8. SAFETY AND MAINTENANCE (19)9. LEGALESE (20)1. PACKAGE CONTENTS / SYSTEM REQUIREMENTSPACKAGE CONTENTS∙Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma Surround Sound USB Gaming Headset∙Important Product Information GuideSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS∙PC/Mac with USB port∙Windows® 8 / Windows® 7 / Windows Vista® / Mac OS X (10.7-10.9)∙Internet connection (for driver installation)∙At least 100MB of free hard disk space2. REGISTRATION / TECHNICAL SUPPORTREGISTRATIONSign up now for a Razer Synapse account to get real-time information on your product’s warranty status. To learn more about Razer Synapse and all its features, visit /synapse.If you are already a Razer Synapse user, register your product by clicking on your email address at the Razer Synapse application and select Warranty Status from the dropdown list.To register your product online, visit /registration. Please note that you will not be able to view your warranty status if you register via the website. TECHNICAL SUPPORTWhat you’ll get:• 1 year limited manufacturer’s warranty.• Free online technical support at .3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS HEADPHONES∙Drivers: 40mm neodymium magnets∙Frequency Response: 20Hz - 20kHz∙Impedance: 32 Ω∙Sensitivity @ 1kHz: 112dB∙Output Power: 30mW∙Connector: Gold plated USB∙Cable Length: 2m / 6 ft braided USB cable ∙Approximate Weight: 340g MICROPHONE∙Frequency response: 100Hz –12kHz∙Sensitivity @ 1kHz: -40dB ± 4dB∙Signal-to-noise ratio: 63 dB∙Pick-up pattern: Unidirectional4. DEVICE LAYOUTA.Adjustable padded headbandB.Foldable ear cup designC.Circumaural, leatherette ear cushionsD.Multi-color LED logo lightingE.Retractable microphoneF.Microphone mute/unmute LEDG.Microphone mute/unmute buttonH.Gold plated USB connector5. USING YOUR RAZER KRAKEN 7.1 CHROMASETTING THE DEFAULT PLAYBACK DEVICEIf you are using the Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma headset for the first time, you may be required to set up the device as your system’s default playb ack device.For Windows usersStep 1: Open your Sound settings from Control Panel > Hardware and Sound > Manage audio devices. You can also right-click your sound icon on the system tray and select Playback devices.Step 2: In the Playback tab, select Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma from the list and click the Set Default button.For Mac usersStep 1: Open your Sound settings from System Preferences > Sound.Step 2: In the Output tab, select Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma from the list.Step 3: In the Input tab, select Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma from the list.USING THE RETRACTABLE MICROPHONEPress the button to mute/unmute the microphone. The microphone LED will light up when muted.EXTENDING YOUR HEADPHONE’S LIFESPANWe recommend stretching the headphones gently apart before placing them over your head to minimize headband stress. However, please avoid overstretching the headphones beyond its technical limits.Step 1: Connect your Razer device to the USB port of your computer.Step 2: Install Razer Synapse when prompted* or download the installer from /synapse.Step 3: Create your Razer ID or login to Synapse with your existing Razer ID.*Applicable for Windows 8 or later.Note:∙By default, the Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma headset works out of the box as a (stereo) headset. To achieve7.1 surround sound, please install Synapse to set up virtual 7.1 surround sound.∙By default, the Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma is set to spectrum cycling. To customize the lighting, pleaseinstall Razer Synapse.Disclaimer: The features listed here require you to log in to Razer Synapse. These features are also subject to change based on the current software version and your Operating System.Your Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma headset is equipped with various software customizable features to unleash its full power.CALIBRATION TABA 3 step calibration wizard helps you set up your Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma for virtual7.1 surround sound. If you are setting up your audio device for the first time, we recommend using this wizard for a step by step guide on the calibration process.Click START to launch the wizard.Step 1 of 3This step introduces the calibration process. Read the instructions carefully and ensure that you are in a quiet environment in order to hear the audio prompts properly.In this figure, the mannequin represents your position. The green arrows on each segment represent the target direction of the audio playback for that particular segment. Each orange line represents the last saved calibration settings configured on Razer Surround.Click Calibrate Now once you are ready to begin the calibration.Step 2 of 3Position yourself according to the point of reference indicated by the mannequin. The calibration process is divided into a series of segments. An audio prompt will be played for each segment.For the first segment, the sound should be perceived as coming from the direction marked by the green target arrow, roughly North-East of your point of reference. Your aim is to move the sound you hear such that you perceive it to be coming from this target direction. To achieve this,1.Listen carefully to the audio prompt2.The sound you hear will change direction as you move the mouse scroll wheel orthe up/down arrow keys.3.Continue changing the direction of the sound until you perceive it to come fromthe North-East position or as close to the green target arrow as possible. Note: The orange line indicates the relative change to the previously saved alignment setting. It does not affect your current calibration, as it serves merely as a change indicator.Click Next to continue to the next segment. Repeat the above, using the green target arrow for each segment as the target direction and continue until you complete the circle.Once all segments are calibrated, click Next to go to the next step.Step 3 of 3Click Experience Surround Sound to test your personalized sound environment. To tweak a particular section, simply click it to play its audio prompt and adjust the settings as desired. To reset the entire configuration, click Reset All. Otherwise, click Finish to confirm the settings.A confirmation screen will be displayed. Click OK to save and exit the wizard.AUDIO TABThe Audio Tab lets you control various options related to the audio you hear from your headset.Using the various sliders, you can:∙Adjust the overall volume of your headset∙Improve the bass output of your headset∙Normalize the loudness of audio played to avoid sudden and unpleasant increase in volume from effects such as explosions∙Enable voice clarity adjustments to improve the quality of incoming voice conversations. Voice Clarity adjustments includes both clarity (Presence Level) and volume (Volume Level) of incoming voice conversations.The Mic Tab lets you control various options related to how your headset handles voice input via its microphone.Using the various sliders and options you can:∙Adjust the microphone input volume. You can also choose to mute your microphone.∙Adjust volume normalization level for microphone input∙Adjust the microphone’s sensitivity so it cuts out background noises and only picks up your voice.∙Enhance the clarity of microphone input by reducing ambient noise. Use the slider to determine the level of noise reduction desired.The Mixer Tab allow you to adjust the volume for programs currently running on your system individually.Note: The Mixer Tab is not available for Mac OS systems.Customize the volume of audio for each program using the sliders.EQ TABThe EQ Tab lets you filter various audio frequencies, controlling the overall tone of your audio output.A list of preset equalizer settings can be selected from the drop down menu, giving you easy access to various commonly used audio tones. You can also manually adjust each audio frequency using the sliders.LIGHTING TABThe Lighting Tab is where you can customize the color of Razer logo lighting or select pre-loaded lighting effects. Changes made in this tab will be automatically saved to the current profile.Note that the color of the microphone LED cannot be changed.Lighting options include:∙Spectrum Cycling: Logo lighting will cycle between 16 million colors indefinitely.This is the default lighting effect.∙Breathing: making the logo lighting fade in and out of the selected color.8. SAFETY AND MAINTENANCESAFETY GUIDELINESIn order to achieve maximum safety while using your Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma, we suggest that you adopt the following guidelines:1. Should you have trouble operating the device properly and troubleshooting does not work, unplug the device and contact the Razer hotline or go to for support. Do not attempt to service or fix the device yourself at any time.2. Do not take apart the device (doing so will void your warranty) and do not attempt to service it yourself or operate it under abnormal current loads.3. Keep your device away from liquid, humidity or moisture. Operate your device only within the specified temperature range of 0˚C (32˚F) to 40˚C (104˚F). Should you operate it in a temperature that is beyond this range, unplug and switch off the device in order to let the temperature stabilize within the optimal temperature range.4. The device isolates external ambient sounds even at low volumes, resulting in lowered awareness of your external surroundings. Please remove the device when engaging in any activities that requires active awareness of your surroundings.5. Listening to excessively loud volumes over extended periods of time can damage your hearing. Furthermore, legislation of certain countries permits a maximum sound level of 86db to affect your hearing for 8 hours a day. We therefore recommend that you reduce the volume to a comfortable level when listening for prolonged periods of time. Please, take good care of your hearing. MAINTENANCE AND USEThe Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma requires minimum maintenance to keep it in optimum condition. Once a month we recommend you unplug the device and clean it using a soft cloth or cotton swab with a bit of warm water to prevent dirt buildup. Do not use soap or harsh cleaning agents.9. LEGALESECOPYRIGHT AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INFORMATIONCopyright ©2014 Razer Inc. All Rights Reserved. Razer, the Razer Triple-Headed Snake logo, the Razer distressed word logo and other trademarks contained herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of Razer Inc. and/or its affiliated or associated companies, registered in the United States and/or other countries. Windows and the Windows logo are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. Mac OS, Mac and the Mac logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Apple. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.Razer Inc. (“Razer”) may have copyright, trademarks, trade secrets, patents, patent applications, or other intellectual property rights (whether registered or unregistered) concerning the product in this guide. Furnishing of this guide does not give you a license to any such copyright, trademark, patent or other intellectual property right. The Razer Kraken 7.1 Chroma (the “Product”) may differ from pictures whether on packaging or otherwise. Razer assumes no responsibility for such differences or for any errors that may appear. Information contained herein is subject to change without notice.LIMITED PRODUCT WARRANTYFor the latest and current terms of the Limited Product Warranty, please visit /warranty.LIMITATION OF LIABILITYRazer shall in no event be liable for any lost profits, loss of information or data, special, incidental, indirect, punitive or consequential or incidental damages, arising in any way out of distribution of, sale of, resale of, use of, or inability to use the Product. In no event shall Razer’s liability exceed the retail purchase p rice of the Product.COSTS OF PROCUREMENTFor the avoidance of doubt, in no event will Razer be liable for any costs of procurement unless it has been advised of the possibility of such damages, and in no case shall Razer be liable for any costs of procurement liability exceeding the retail purchase price of the Product.20 | For gamers by gamers™GENERALThese terms shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the jurisdiction in which the Product was purchased. If any term herein is held to be invalid or unenforceable, then such term (in so far as it is invalid or unenforceable) shall be given no effect and deemed to be excluded without invalidating any of the remaining terms. Razer reserves the right to amend any term at any time without notice.21 | razer。
ASUS 主板规格说明书
HP Desktop PCs - Motherboard SpecificationsMotherboard Supplier ASUSSystem BIOS Core Brand Asus/AMIBoard Form Factor uATXProcessor Brand AMDProcessor Socket Type Socket-A (PGA462)Processor Families AthlonXP (Thoroughbred,Barton),Maximum Processor Core Frequency <=2.16Ghz (2700+) Thoroughbred <=2.2GHz Barton (3200+)Processor Front Side Bus Frequency 266/333/400MHzHyper Threading Support naProcessor VRM SpecificationChipset Name Crush18D (nForce2 400) Chipset "North Bridge" & RevisionChipset "South Bridge" & Revision MCP2Super I/O ITE IT8712F-AFlash BIOS Device Type & Density 4Mb Flash EEPROM Memory Type DDR SDRAMMemory Speed PC2700/PC2100 Memory Sockets 2 DIMMSingle or Dual Channel System Memory Single channel Maximum Memory Up to 2.0GBAGP Graphics Support YesAGP Graphics Maximum Mode naIntegrated Graphics (UMA) Supplier Up onlyIntegrated Graphics Shared Memory naTV-Out Device noneTV-Out Configuration noneIntegrated AC'97 Audio Support none5.1 channel Audio Support AC'97 DownAC'97 Codec Device Realtek ALC650 Passive Speaker Output (amplified) M,LI,LO,SOAudio SP-DIF Output noneAudio SP-DIF Input noneRear Audio Jacks (Mic,Line-In,Line-Out) Mic, Line-In, Line-Out Internal CD-Audio In Connector 2Front Audio Line-In/Headphone/Mic LI/HP/MICEthernet MAC/PHY Device Realtek 8201BL Integrated IEEE-1394 Support YesIntegrated IEEE-1394 MAC/PHY Device Agere FW802C-PHYOnboard 1394 Maximum Transfer Rate (Mbps)400MbpsIEEE-1394 Ports (Total) 2IEEE-1394 Front Ports (on pin header) 1IDE/ATAPI UDMA Modes ATA-100/66/33Expansion Slots (AGP/PCI) 1 AGP, 3 PCIUSB Interface Specification (2.0/1.1) USB 2.0USB Ports (Total) 6USB Front Ports (on pin headers) 2USB Rear Ports (at rear I/O area) 4Serial, Parallel, Floppy, PS2 Kbd &Mouse Ports1S, 1P, 1F, PS2 K+MFan Headers (CPU, System, Chipset) CPU, System1CPU Fan Speed Control (for active fansink) YesSystem Fan Speed Control YesSuffix (Legend Below) -UL6EUGraphics card (up, not on motherboard) LLAN on motherboard (ethernet)E1394 on motherboardCopyright Hewlett-Packard Co. 1994-2003This information is subject to change without notice andis provided "as is" with no warranty.Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for any direct,indirect, special, incidental or consequential damagesin connection with the use of this material.。
朗布拉克 ceiling mounted rough flush 部件安装指南说明书
Manuals+— User Manuals Simplified.DORN BRACHT Ceiling Mounted Rough Flush Parts Instruction ManualHome » DORN BRACHT » DORN BRACHT Ceiling Mounted Rough Flush Parts Instruction ManualContents1 DORN BRACHT Ceiling Mounted Rough FlushParts2 Product Information3 Product Usage Instructions4 General safety instructions5 Technical data6 Planning notes7 Dimension8 Required tools9 Parts supplied10 Assembly11 Technical Information12 Documents / Resources12.1 ReferencesDORN BRACHT Ceiling Mounted Rough Flush PartsProduct InformationRead the manual and follow the instructions carefully.All manuals and documents related to the product should be passed on to the end user to avoidlimitations of producer liability in case of damage.For installation or operation-related questions, contact the Technical Service of Dornbracht using thecontact details provided in the manual or on the Dornbracht website.Damages caused by non-compliance with instructions or improper use are excluded from warranty byDornbracht.All plumbing work should be carried out by a competent and qualified plumber according to appropriate DIN/EN directives, national regulations, and regulations of local water supply companies.All electrical work should be carried out by a competent and qualified electrician installer according toappropriate DIN/EN directives, national regulations, and regulations of local power supply companies. –Follow local accident prevention regulations as a priority.Technical Data (English)No specific technical data is mentioned in this section.Note: It is imperative to carefully read and comply with the user instructions. Non-compliance may result in Dornbracht AG & Co. KG rejecting any liability.General safety instructionsWARNING!This symbol warns of the possibility of death or serious injury due to non-compliance with the safety instructions. CAUTION!This symbol warns of minor or moderate injury due to non-compliance with the safety instructions.ATTENTION!This symbol warns of property damages due to non-compliance with the instructions.NOTICE!This symbol calls attention to important information.Please read this manual and follow the instructions. All manuals and documents belonging to the product have to be passed on to the end user. Otherwise the producer liability may be limited in case of damage.For questions or uncertainties regarding installation or operation, please contact the Technical Service of Dornbracht. You can find relevant contact details on the back of this manual and on the website of Dornbracht: Damages caused by non-observance of the instructions or use not as intended are excluded from warrenty by Dornbracht.All work has to be carried out by a competent and qualified plumber according to appropriate DIN / EN directives (DIN 1988, EN 1717, EN 806, TVO etc.), national regulations and regulations of the local water supply companies. All electrical work has to be carried out by a competent and qualified electrician installer according to appropriate DIN / EN directives (VDE 0100 etc.), national regulations and regulations of the local power supply companies. Local accident prevention regulations are to be followed with priority.Electrical work is to be carried out only under voltage free condition!Attention!It is imperative that you carefully read the following user instructions. In the case of non-compliance Dornbracht AG & Co. KG rejects any liability.Only use suitable ladders / climbing aids.CAUTION!Risk of cuts caused by sharp edgesAlways wear safety gloves when carrying out the necessary work.Do not allow other parts of your body (such as your head) to come into contact with sharp edges.Elevate the injured part of the body.If necessary, clean and disinfect the cut and cover it with a sterile dressing.Any deep cut must be examined and treated promptly by a doctor.All more minor cuts should be examined by a doctor and treated if necessary.Technical dataWeight35 033 970 90 + 28 033 970-FF………………………………………………………7 kg / 15,5 lbs. (US)35 043 970 90 + 28 043 980-FF………………………………………………………7 kg / 15,5 lbs. (US)35 034 970 90 + 28 034 970-FF………………………………………………………8 kg / 17,5 lbs. (US)35 044 970 90 + 28 044 980-FF………………………………………………………8 kg / 17,5 lbs. (US)Weight, concealed rough parts35 033 970 90……………………………………………………………………………….4,9 kg / 11 lbs. (US)35 043 970 90……………………………………………………………………………….4,9 kg / 11 lbs. (US)35 034 970 90……………………………………………………………………………….5,9 kg / 13 lbs. (US)35 044 970 90……………………………………………………………………………….5,9 kg / 13 lbs. (US)Weight, exposed trim parts28 033 970-FF………………………………………………………………………………2,1 kg / 4,6 lbs. (US)28 043 980-FF………………………………………………………………………………2,1 kg / 4,6 lbs. (US)28 034 970-FF………………………………………………………………………………2,1 kg / 4,6 lbs. (US)28 044 980-FF………………………………………………………………………………2,1 kg / 4,6 lbs. (US)28 0XX 9X0-FFMaximum flow at a flow pressure of 300 kPa / 45 psi / 3 barSpray (Headshower) …………………………………………………………………………..6 l/min / 1,8 gpm Rain (Bodyshower) …………………………………………………………………………..12 l/min / 3,2 gpmElectrotechnical data35 034 970 90 + 28 034 970-FF35 044 970 90 + 28 044 980-FFPrimary connection dataNominal voltage……………………………………………………………………………………100 – 240 V ACFrequency………………………………………………………………………………………………….50 – 60 Hz Nominal power……………………………………………………………………………………………….. < 28 W Standby-power…………………………………………………………………………………………………. < 2 WCeiling moduleSupply voltage………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 V DC Ambient temperature…………………………………………………………………………≤ 40 °C / ≤ 104 °F Relative humidityLight sourceTechnology………………………………………………………………………………………………LED (RGBW) Degree of protection…………………………………………………………………………………………… IP X5 Compatibility………………………………………………………………………………………ZigBee Light Link Marking………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..CE Dornbracht recommends consulting a system integrator.Dimensions can be found at the end of the manualPlanning notesCeiling moduleCeiling construction with sufficient load carrying capacity for the permanent attachment of the appliance (weight: 8 kg / 17,5 lbs. (US)). The fasteners included in the scope of delivery are only suitable for fixing in concrete. Operating conditionsPermissible operating temperatures:Cold water temperature……………………………………………………………….. 5 – 25 °C / 41 – 77 °F Recommended cold water temperature………………………………………………………. 15 °C / 59 °F Hot water temperature…………………………………………………………… 50 – 65 °C / 120 – 149 °F Recommended hot water temperature…………………………………………………≤ 60 °C / ≤ 140 °FFlow pressure:min. flow pressure………………………………………………………………………..100 kPa / 15 psi / 1 bar max. flow pressure……………………………………………………………………….500 kPa / 15 psi / 5 bar Recommended flow pressure………………………………………………………300 kPa / 44 psi / 3 barWater hardness:Recommended water hardness: 6 – 7 °dH / 107 – 125 ppm CaCO3 / 7.5 – 8.8 °e / 10.7 – 12.5 °fHIf the water is harder, a water softener is to be installed in the main cold water supply line.Drainage:Drainage capacity / drain connection value [DU value]according to DIN VDE 0100, Part 701 (IEC 60364-7-701).35 033 970 90 / 35 033 970-90 001035 034 970 90 / 35 034 970-90 0010 35 044 970 90 / 35 044 970-90 001035 034 970 90 / 35 034 970-90 0010 35 044 970 90 / 35 044 970-90 0010Required toolsParts suppliedROW – Rest of WorldUS / CA – United States / CanadaUS / CA – United States / CanadaROW – Rest of WorldUS / CA – United States / CanadaROW – Rest of WorldUS / CA – United States / CanadaAssemblyTechnical InformationDornbracht AG & Co. KGKöbbingser Mühle 6, D-58640 IserlohnTel. +49 2371 8899-900******************Documents / ResourcesDORN BRACHT Ceiling Mounted Rough Flush Parts [pdf] Instruction Manual35 033 970 90, 35 033 970-90 0010, 35 034 970 90, 35 034 970-90 0010, 35 043 970 90, 35 043 970-90 0010, 35 044 970 90, 35 044 970-90 0010ReferencesManuals+,。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
a r X i v :h e p -p h /0002219v 1 21 F eb 2000IITB-TPH-0001Baryogenesis through axion domain wall S.N.Nayak and U.A.Yajnik Physics Department,Indian Institute of Technology Bombay,Mumbai-400076,India Abstract Generic axion models give rise to axion domain walls in the early Universe and they have to disappear not to overclose the universe,thus limiting the nature of discrete symmetry allowed in these type of models.Through QCD sphalerons,net chiral charge can be created by these collapsing walls which in turn can result the observed baryon assymetry.nayaks@phy.iitb.ernet.inyajnik@phy.iitb.ernet.in1The explanation of observed baryon asymmetry of the universe is still a hunting problem in the realm of cosmology and particle physics,thus gen-erating lots of diverse ideas and activity.The earlier scenario to produce the asymmetry via the decay of heavy gauge bosons and scalar[1]in GUTS cannot survive the sphaleron wash out at the electroweak scale,unless B-L is an exact symmetry[2].The scenario of electroweak baryogenesis through sphaleron transition also runs into problem because of inadequete CP viola-tion in Higgs sector and more importantly,it is not clear that the electroweak phase transition is stronglyfirst order to realise the out of equilibrium con-dition through bubble dynamics.In this background it was suggested to generate baryon asymmetry through topological defects(the remnants of some earlier symmetry breaking)at the electroweak scale[3].In this sce-nario the baryogenesis takes place inside the core of the defects where the sphaleron transition takes place.Here we discuss the issue in the context of axion domain wall and show that we can produce sufficient amount of baryons at the scale much below the weak scale.Similar situation has been considered recently by Brandenberger et al[4].Many axion models[5]also have discrete Z(N)symmetry which is spon-taneously broken at T=ΛQCD.This is generic for any axion models where the Pecci-Quinn symmetry U P Q(1)is broken only by QCD gluon anomaly. In the above N is the number of quarkflavours that rotate under U P Q(1). Because of this discrete symmetry,there exist N degenerate and distinct CP conserving minima of the axion potential which is of the formV(a)=m a2(v P Q/N)2[1−f(aN/v P Q)],(1) where f is a periodic function of period2πand v P Q is the Pecci-Quinn scale. These disconnected and degenerate vacuum states gives rise to axion domain walls at T=ΛQCD,when the discrete symmetry is spontaneously broken. The resulting domain walls have thickness∆=m−1a and surface energy densityη=m a v2P Q,where m a is the mass of axion.These domain walls are disastrous cosmologically[6]and has to disappear so that they do not over close the universe,unless N=1.One way to achieve this is to introduce a soft breaking term of the formµ3Φ[7].Here we are considering DFSZ axion model andΦis the singlet under standard gauge group[8].This would produce an effective value ofθQCD of orderµ3/m a2v P Q. For this to be consistent with the upper limit on the electric dipole moment2of neutron we getfπ2mπ2µ3≤10−9translational motion or long lived defects cannot induce any net assymmetry, collapse and mutual annihilation can lead to creation of net assymmetry [3].Let V BG be the effective three dimensional volume in which the time irreversible processes occur during the disappearance of walls.Then the net baryon number density is then given by∆n B=1TV BG∆θ,(4)with V as the total volume.As discussed earlier,the above formula needs to be supplemented by the contribution from a mechanism that converts the net chiral charge into baryonic charge.For example,one can consider an extra factor m f/T with m f as the fermion mass[12],in evaluating the baryon number density.In the baryogenesis scenario where electroweak sphaleron transitions takes place in the core of topological defects,this factor turns out to be order one.In our case this factor can enhance the rate of baryon production since the temperature we are interested is of QCD scale.But at present we are not considering this factor,as we are presenting our picture in a qualitative way and one has to see whether it enters in our calculation or not.Then the baryon to entropy ratio in volume V is∆n BV.(5) To evaluate the volume suppression factor,let us take the average separation of the domain walls asξ(t),which from kibble mechanism isξ(t)=T c−1,(6) where T c is the temperature where Z(N)symmetry is spontaneously broken and is equal to(m a v P Q)1/2.Then the volume occupied by the domain walls in a horizon size d H(t)isV BG=ξ(t)2m a−1(d H(t)V=(mπfπ)1/2/m a.(8)4In the above we have used T c=(m a v P Q)1/2=(fπmπ)1/2.Since at QCD scale the pion mass can go to zero the above volume suppression factor can be of order unity for suitable value of the axion mass.This aspect of the problem requires detailed calculation in the specific axion model.But qualitatively, the thickness of the axion wall goes inversly proportional to the axion mass. The mass of the axion due to instanton effect at QCD scale is[13]m a(T)=0.1m a(T=0)(ΛQCD/T)3.7.(9) So it is possible that at temperature just around QCD scale the thickness of the wall is only a few order of magnitude smaller than the horizon size and V BG/V need not be a serious suppression factor.Another crucial criteria that our picture satisfies,is thefitting of QCD sphaleron inside the axion domain wall,hence requiring no modification in the bulk value ofΓS.The size of QCD sphaleron will be of orderΛ−1QCD which is smaller than the wall thickness that is m a−1for allowed value of axion mass.So withκof order thousand,the CP violating phase of the order10−10and g∗is of the order10we can produce sufficient amount of baryons at the QCD scale.AcknowledgementsThis work was carried out as a part of a Department of Science and Technology project SP/S2/K-08/97.References[1]S.Dimopoulos and L.Suskind,Phys.Rev.D18(1978)4500;M.Yoshimura,Phys.Rev.Lett41(1978)281;A.Ignatiev,N.Krasnikov,V.Kuzumin and A.Tavkheelidze,Phys.Lett.B76(1978)436;S.Weinberg, Phys.Rev.Lett.42(1977)850;D.Toussaint,S.Trieman,F.Wilczek and A.Zee,Phys.Rev.D19(1979)1036.5[2]V.Kuzmin,V.Rubakov and M.Shaposhnikov,Phys.Lett.B155(1985)36.[3]R.Brandenberger,A.C.Davis,T.Prokopec and M.Trodden,Phys.Rev.D53(1996)4257;R.Brandenberger,A.C.Davis,and M.Trodden,Phys.Lett.B335(1994)123;S.Duari and A.U.Yajnik,Phys.Lett.B326(1994) 212.[4]R.Brandenberger,I.Halperin and A.Zhitnitsky,hep-ph/9808471and9903318,to be published in the proceedings of SEWM-98.[5]M.S.Turner,Phys.Rept.197(1990)67;G.G.Raffelt,Phys.Rept.198(1990)1.[6]Y.B.Zel’dovich,I.Y.Kobzarev and L.B.Okun,Zh.Eksp.Teor.Fiz67(1974)3.[7]P.Sikivie,Phys.Rev.Lett.48(1982)1150.[8]M.Dine,W.Fischler and M.Srednicki,Phys.Lett.B104(1981)199;A.P.Zhitnitskii,Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.31(1980)260.[9]L.Mclerran,E.Mottola and M.E.Shaposhnikov,Phys.Rev.D43(1990)2027.[10]P.Arnold and L.McLerran,Phys.Rev.D36(1987)581,D37(1988)1020.[11]S.Dodelson and L.M.Widrow,Phys.Rev.D42(1990)326;A.Cohen,D.Kaplan and A.Nelson,Phys.Lett.B263(1991)86and Nucl.PhysB373(1992)453.[12]N.Turok and T.Zadrozny,Phys.Rev.Lett65(1990)2331,Nucl.Phys.B358(1991)451;L.Mclerran,M.Shaposhnikov,N.Turok and M.Voloshin,Phys.Lett.B256(1991)451.[13]D.Gross,R.Pisarski and L.Yaffe,Rev.Mod.Phys.53(1981)43;J.Preskill,M.B.Wise and F.Wilczek,Phys.Lett.B120(1983)127;L.F.Abbot and P.Sikivie,Phys.Lett.B120(1983)133;M.Dine and W.Fischler,Phys.Lett.B120(1983)137.6。