宾语从句和表语从句详解与练习
第十一讲 高中英语语法 宾语从句和表语从句讲解和练习
宾语从句宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
1.连接词连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人）1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。
2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。
在whether … or not 结构中不能用if 替换。
3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。
注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他2.判断时态情况：1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。
eg．He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk. They know (that) he is working hard.2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句是客观真理时，用一般现在时。
He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect .3. 注意：A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。
He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.You may depend on it that I shall always help you,C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
I don’t think he likes the English teacher.注意：引导词that在宾语从句中的用法（that 不能省略的情况）当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better．当宾语从句有it做形式宾语时eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him．当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;if,whether在宾语从句中的用法① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if② whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以③ . 在不定式前只能用whether. 如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下④避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if表语从句定义：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
名词性从句(宾语从句表语从句主语从句)讲解与练习
名词性从句（宾语从句表语从句主语从句）讲解与练习六大基本句型1主系表句型----- be 〔连系动词do〕2、主谓宾----- do〔vt〕3、主谓----- do(vi)----(不及物动词)4、主谓宾补----do(vt)5、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 记双宾语的动词一定要记。
6、There be (不及物动词do)--------be (不及物动词)宾语从句定义：在主谓宾句型的宾语的位置上把做为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或许do句型。
可以用以下公式停止表示：主语+谓语+从句。
宾语从句的连词① that , ②whether(or not)或if; ③which(whichever),who(whoever)，whom(whomever) ，whose(whosever)，what(whatever); ④when(whenever)，where(wherever)，why，how(however); ⑤ how many, how much, how long, how often，how soon宾语从句的方式：1、主谓宾句型的宾语从句: 作为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或许do句型。
He knows the newsHe knows that the teacher is in classroom2、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 句型的宾语从句，把直接宾语变为一个be或do句型。
He tells me the newsHe tells the news to meHe tells me that she is a teacherHe tells that she is a teacher to me3、主谓宾补句型的宾语从句需求it来做方式宾语I find Chinese important主谓宾补I find that we make a quick decision about this matter important主谓宾语从句补I find it important that we make a quick decision about this matter主谓方式宾语补宾语从句I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我以为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,觉得十分遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习气.4、宾语从句的省略方式：某些描画词前面可以带宾语从句，其方式为sb+be+描画词+that宾语从句：这一类描画词通常是表示人物的心思，情感等形状的描画词如：sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surpriseda. I am glad (that) you helped me.b、I am sure (that) you can pass the exam.1、I am glad of your help.2、I am sure about your exam.剖析：下面句子中介词前面所跟成分都做介词宾语。
表语从句与宾语从句详解及练习
表语从句表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，与连系动词一起构成谓语。
The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人困惑。
（主语+连系动词+形容词作表语）The problem is when we can get a pay rise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。
（主语+连系动词+句子作表语（表语从句））※连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever，whomever，whichever ，whatever等。
还有如because, as if, as though等。
His suggestion is good.His suggestion is that we should stay calm.The question is confusing.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.※表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.※引导名词性从句时if/whether（是否）用法辨析：if不能引导表语从句，只能用whether 来引导。
引导宾语从句时if/whether可以互换，但介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether来引导。
位于句首的主语从句只能用whether来引导，同位语从句也只能用whether来引导。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.※不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态与从句时态可以不一致。
中考宾语从句详解和练习题(第二讲)
宾语从句讲解与练习(第二讲) 姓名:一、宾语从句的定义：宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
I know him. I know who he is .主语谓语宾语主语谓语连词从句主语从句谓语主句宾语从句宾语:位于谓语动词或者介词后：I know him. Do you have the time?I think (that) she is beautiful. Why don’t you pay attention to me?宾语从句的概念：从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词、形容词之后。
We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句分类:根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类:1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she i s seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.that 的省略： e.g. I guess (that) somebody else has borrowed it.注意：当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略。
eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better．2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
英语宾语从句定语从句状语从句讲解与练习
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。
例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B，由连词if、whether引导的表示是否的宾语从句。Whether，if在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换。
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
三，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，即：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例:
例：I don’t know what I should do next.
I con’t know what to do next.
He didn’t know where he would live.
He didn’tknow where
定语从句
在主从复合句中充当定语的句子是定语从句，它在句中修饰名词或代词。定语从句一般由关系代词that, which, who(m), whose和关系副词when, where, why等引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词的后面作后置定语。在中考试题中，主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。
从句的种类与结构详细解析
从句的种类与结构详细解析从句是复句结构中的一种重要成分，它由一个主句和一个从句组成。
从句可以表达各种关系，功能上相当于其他句子成分。
本文将详细解析从句的种类与结构，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用从句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色，可以分为主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句三种类型。
它们的结构和功能如下：1. 主语从句主语从句作为句子的主语，通常由连词“that”引导。
例如：“That he didn't show up at the meeting surprised everyone.”这个例句中，“that he didn't show up at the meeting”就是一个主语从句，它充当了整个句子的主语。
2. 宾语从句宾语从句作为句子的宾语，通常由连词“that”引导，也可以省略。
例如：“I believe that he will succeed in the future.”这个例句中，“that he will succeed in the future”就是一个宾语从句，它充当了整个句子的宾语。
3. 表语从句表语从句用于说明主语的身份、特征等，在句中充当了表语的角色。
例如：“My biggest fear is that I will fail the exam.”这个例句中，“that I will fail the exam”就是一个表语从句，它充当了整个句子的表语。
二、形容词性从句形容词性从句用来修饰名词，充当形容词的角色。
它可以由关系代词和关系副词引导。
具体结构如下：1. 关系代词引导的形容词性从句关系代词有“that, which, who, whom, whose”等，用来引导形容词从句并在从句中充当句子成分。
例如：“The man who is talking to my sister is a doctor.”这个例句中，“who is talking to my sister”就是一个由关系代词引导的形容词性从句，修饰了前面的名词“man”。
高中英语从句精讲与练习(附答案)
高中英语从句讲解与练习（1）表语从句1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类：(1) 从属连词that。
在从句中不做成分。
如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
The reason was that he was late for school.(2) 从属连词whether,as,as if。
如：1.He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。
2.The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday.这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
The key is whether we can solve the problem.//It looked as if it was going to rain.注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look，sound等。
如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
(完整版)初中英语语法宾语从句讲解-专项练习及答案
1初中英语语法宾语从句解说小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序指引词；主句一般此刻时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈说转变 that 引，一般疑问用 if/whether, 特别问句疑问词，指引词后陈说式。
一．基本解说根源：直接引语变间接引语观点 : 在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Eg: He said,“ I am good at drawing ” .He said he was good at drawing. ( 动词宾语 )1.指引词(1) that 指引宾语从句时，往常用陈说句充任, that 可省略。
Eg: She said,“ I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there.(2)whether 或 if 指引的宾语从句 ,由一般疑问句 /选择疑问句充任，陈说语序。
Eg: “Are you interested in geography? ”she said.She asked if/whether I was interested in geography.I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei .I’ m not sure whether he will come or not.注意：一般状况下，whether和if能够互用，但有些状况例外a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用 ifeg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic.b. 指引词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether.eg:I can’tsay whether or not he will come on timec. if 当假如讲时 ,指引的是条件状语从句，表示‘假如’，不可以用whether.Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times.Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay.(3). 特别疑问词指引宾语从句时，不行省略，陈说句语序。
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宾语从句和表语从句详解名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。
这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。
例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句）他们在做的事似乎很重要。
My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句）我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。
Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句）大家都不知道他是谁。
I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句）我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。
引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。
【宾语从句】在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，why，how等。
例如：Do you know where the Greens live?I have no interest in how rich he is．宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构：1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略）The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets．that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。
当主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝I think it is not right for him …．）that不能省略的情况：（1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
如：He said （that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you．（2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。
如：Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap．（3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。
如：I can’t tell him that his mother died．2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
用于这种结构的动词常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。
I can’t decide which book I should buy．3．由whether（if）引导的宾语从句I wonder whether（if）they will come to our party．由whether（if）引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。
意思是“是否”。
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用。
4．宾语从句后带有宾补时，需用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句后，这时that不省略。
例如：He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home．【表语从句】在句子中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
引导表语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why以及其它连词as if，as though，because等。
例如：The question is whether it is worth reading．They are just what I want．That’s why they were late．1．含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact，truth，explanation，problem，opinion，view等。
如：The fact is that fish can't go without water．事实是鱼离开水不能存活。
2．as if （as though）也可以用于表语从句。
但多是以下面形式出现。
主语＋look（seem）as if＋从句如：It looked as if it was going to snow．It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon．注意：不用if 引导表语从句。
reason做主语时，表语从句应由that引导，不用because。
that 引导表语从句时，通常不能省略。
专项练习1．— I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week．— Is that ______you had a few days off?A．why B．when C．what D．where2．I ask her _____ come with me．A．if she will B．if will sheC．whether will she D．will she3．It was a matter of _______ would take the position．A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever4．Can you tell me ________?A．who is that gentleman is B．that gentleman is whoC．who that gentleman is D．whom is that gentleman5．Can you tell me ________ the railway station?A．how I can get to B．what can I get toC．where I can got to D．where can I get to6．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants．A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever7．Do you know ________ ?A．what is his name B．how is his nameC．what his name is D．how his name is8．Go and get your coat．It's________ you left it．A．there B．where C．there where D．where there9．I wonder how much ________．A．does the watch cost B．did the watch costC．the watch costed D．the watch costs10．It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me．A．what；that B．that；thatC．what；what D．that；what11．"Is Mary from New York City?" "I don't know _______．"A．from what city does she come fromB．from what city she comeC．what city does she come fromD．what city she comes from12．Henry killed the dog．I'll ask him why ________．A．did he do that B．he did thatC．he did D．he has done so13．Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________．A．how he is getting alongB．how is he getting alongC．what he is getting alongD．what is he getting along14．I am sure ________ he said is true．A．that B．about that C．of that D．that what15．You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents．A．how they were excited B．how excited they wereC．how excited were they D．they were how excited16．Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless．A．for B．because C．since D．that17．We gave him ________ help we could．A．which B．what C．that D．this18．Excuse me would you please tell me ________?A．when the sports meet is taken placeB．when is the sports meet going to be heldC．when is the sports meet to beginD．when the sports meet is to take place19．This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts．A．how you have observedB．how what you have observedC．that you have observedD．how that you have observed20．Where do you think ________?A．has he gone B．has he been C．he's gone D．was he参考答案：1．A 由句子结构得知，空白处应选能在表语从句中作状语的连接副词，A．B．D．三个答案均能满足这一要求，但根据句意应选A，why为连接副词，在表语从句中作原因状语。