[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编2.doc

32用你所熟悉的外语与汉语相比较，具体说明现代汉语(普通话)的语音、词汇和语法特点(要求三方面各举一例)。(2005年武汉大学考题)
（A）正确
（B）错误
27 “克隆”是借词，“电话”是意译词。(2009年北京语言大学考题)
（A）正确
（B）错误
28试论自然语言和人工语言的本质区别。(2006年上海交通大学考题)
29语言符号的系统性。(2003年北京语言大学考题)
30论述变换对于句法研究的作用。(2007年曲阜师范大学考题)
31汉字系统为什么长期停留在意音文字阶段?你对汉字的简化和拼音化有什么看法?(2006年中山大学考题)
[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编2
1指出汉语普通话／a／音位的变体及其发音条件。(2006年山东师范大学考题)
2举例说明单纯词与合成词的区别。(2003年北京语言大学考题)
3举例说明指示语的两个基本特征。(2008年华中师范大学考题)
二、填空题
请完成下列各题，在各题的空处填入恰当的答案。
4语言与言语的区别是：_______、_______、_______、_______、_______。(2005年华中师范大学考题)
五、单项选择题
下列各题的备选答案中，只有一个是符合题意的。
20下列句子中加横线的词，( )是语言学意义上的“语言”。(2005年中山大学考题)
（A）朱自清先生的散文语言清新流畅。
（B）我和那些人没有共同语言。
（C）你会不会讲中国话?
（D）这个人言语乏味。
23下列词中，属于仿译词的是( )(2005年中山大学考题)
（A）基因
（B）卡片
（C）牛津
（D）剑桥
24语言符号系统是两层性的。(2006年南开大学考题)
（A）正确
（B）错误
25有互补关系的音素都要归并成一个音位。(2006年南开大学考题)
（A）正确
（B）错误
26汉语中，他／她／它是“性”的语法范畴。(2006年北京语言大学考题)
13根据发音特点描述，用国际音标写出下列元音。(2008年华中师范大学考题)
(1)舌面后半高圆唇元音
(2)舌面前半高不圆唇元音
(3)舌面前低不圆唇元音
(4)舌面后高圆唇
13下面是台湾高山族阿眉斯语的一些句子和对应的汉语意义：(2005年中山大学考题)
去玩我们阿麦
14写出上述材料反映的句子成分的语序。
15上述材料反映出来的表人专名有什么语法范畴?
16上述材料反映出来的人称代词有什么语法范畴?
17上述语法范畴是用什么语法手段表示的?
18写出阿眉斯语表示宾格的语素。
19网络的发展产生了它的附带品——网络语言。网络语言中，出现了大量的“美眉”、“青蛙”、“恐龙”等词语。(2008年曲阜师范大学考题)
21下列汉字音节中，主要元音是舌面、前、半高、不圆唇元音的是( )。(2011年中山大学考题)
（A）月
（B）对
（C）论
（D）界
22汉语中的“了、着、过”在古代具有实实在在的词汇意义，到现代成为表示类似体的意义的构形语素。这是( )。(2005年华中科技大学考题)
（A）虚化
（B）异化
（C）类推
（D）语法范畴的变化
5根据语言的语法形式结构，可将世界上的语言分为_______、_______、_______、_______等类型；根据语言问的亲疏远近的关系，可将世界上的语言分为不同的_______等。(2005年西南师范大学考题)
6 “手、软件、水、电视、民主、吃、批评、大”中属于基本词汇的是_______。(2007年北京师范大学考题)
7语汇意义一般可分为_______意义和_______意义两大类。(2008年华中师范大学考题)
8文字的特点是要受_______特点的制约。(2005年华中科技大学考题)
9语言学(2006年北京师范大学考题)
10音位变体(2012年中国海洋大学考题)
11异根式和零形式(2005年华中师范大学考题)
12谱系说和波浪说(2008年清华大学考题)
nipatafaj kaku tiniraan．我去陪伴他。
陪伴我他
niala tnira tura awaw．他去拿那盏灯。
拿他那灯
u parakataj tmi．阿麦是司机。
是司机阿麦
tku wama nimi．阿麦父亲叫古拉斯。
古拉斯叫父亲阿麦
niama kami tmian．我们去阿麦那儿玩。

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英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编23

英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编23(总分：48.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、判断题(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.Metonymy involves using the familiar to stand for the unfamiliar. (对外经贸2005研)（分数：2.00）A.真√B.假解析：解析：转喻是一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法。

2.The utterance meaning of the sentence varies with the context in which it is uttered.（分数：2.00）A.真√B.假解析：解析：话语意义随着话语情境的变化而不同。

nguage acquisition refers to the process involved in creating and expressing meaning through language.（分数：2.00）A.真B.假√解析：解析：语言产出是一个通过语言来表达意义的过程。

4.Structural metaphor means that human experiences with physical objects provide the basis for ways of viewing events, activities, emotions, ideas, etc. , as entities and substances.（分数：2.00）A.真B.假√解析：解析：实体隐喻是指人类以自身经验和生理实体为基础，把事件、行为、情感、思想等抽象概念转换为实体。

5.Superordinate categories are the most general ones. The members of a superordinate category do not have enough features in common to conjure up a common gestalt at this level.（分数：2.00）A.真√B.假解析：解析：上位范畴是最具概括性的范畴，各成员没有足够的共性构成一个共同的完形。

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编10.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编10一、简答题1 In what way do we say English is an inflectional language?（厦门大学2006研)2 Illustrate lexical change proper with the latest examples in English, covering at least four aspects.（大连外国语学院2008研)3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Immediate Constituent Analysis(IC Analysis)(北京交通大学2006研)4 Illustrate "Immediate Constituent Analysis".（大连外国语学院2008研)4 For each of the following pairs of sentences, discuss how the two sentences are different from each other.（南京大学2006研)5 A.His carelessness I can't bear.B. I can't bear his carelessness.6 A.A dagger killed the tourist.B. The tourist was killed with a dagger.7 A.A hurricane killed eight people.B. Eight people died in a hurricane.8 Describe with tree diagrams the transformations involved in forming the question "Does John like the book?"（南开大学2007研)9 What, in your view, makes a text a text, rather than a series of unconnected utterances? What are the implications of your answer for second language teaching?(北外2006研)9 The English sentences given below are ungrammatical. You are required to give the syntactic explanation to the ungrammaticality in each of the sentences.（南开大学2011研)10 * Jack put his ball.11 * I wonder Michael walked the dog.12 * Frank thinks himself is a superstar.13 What are the similarities and differences between a phrase and a clause?（中山大学2011研)14 Explain the seven types of meaning and use examples to illustrate your ideas.（人大2007研；南开大学2004研)15 Discuss sense, denotation and reference, using Chinese examples to illustrate your points.(北外2008研)16 Words are in different sense relations with each other. What sense relation is illustrated in each of the pairs of words below? Add one more example to each pair.(北航2008研)(a)casual - informal(b)intelligent - stupid(c)steal - steel(d)animal - dog17 For each of the following pairs of words, state the principal reason why they may not be considered to be synonyms:（浙江大学2005研)a. man boyb. toilet looc. determined stubbornd. pavement sidewalke. slim skinnyf. move run18 Put the following words in a hierarchical order(you can use a tree diagram if need be)and try to define at least two of them:(北师大2003研)crocodile, mammal, reptile, rabbit, primate, animal18 Study the following exchange and then answer the questions that follow.(南京大学2006研)"Take some more tea. " the March Hare said to Alice, very earnestly.I've had nothing yet, Alice replied in an offended tone, "so I can't take more. "19 Why was Alice offended?20 What is the problem with the March Hare's remark? What is the linguistic issue involved here?21 Consider the following statements. When do we say Statement A entails Statement B? When do we say Statement A presupposes Statement B? Does Statement A necessarily entail Statement C? Why? Do Statements A and D both presuppose Statement B?Why?(南京大学2008研)A. Jack's brother has gone bankrupt.B. Jack has a brother.C. Jack's sibling has gone bankrupt.D. Jack's brother has not gone bankrupt.22 In each of the following sentences, the second part cancels some information given by the first part. However, this seems to result in quite acceptable utterances in group(l)andin very awkward utterances in group(2). Explain why.(北外2002研)Group(1)a．老张有三个小孩子，其实还不止三个。

语言学考研真题大全(共13套)

中文系语言学概论2002年2002年科目429 语言学概论专业：语言学及应用语言学、汉语言文字学研究方向：以上专业所有方向一、简答题（每小题2分，共20分）1、简述现代汉语书面语和口头语的源头2、闽方言包括哪几个次方言？各以哪个地方的语音为代表？3、说明汉语音节的结构地点4、汉语拼音方案有哪些优点？5、简要说明调值和调类的关系6、-i[前]、-i[后]、ong、iong等韵母分别属于四呼中的哪一呼？7、词汇学中的义位和传统所说的义项有什么不同？8、说明谚语被认为是词汇的一部分的原因9、什么是独立语？简要说明独立语的类型10、举例说明主谓句的主要句型二、应用题（共56分）1、为下列词语注上汉语拼音（6分）创伤粗犷呆板解剖皈依桎梏2、下列成语中的汉字有正确的有错误的，把错误的改为正确（6分）负隅顽抗陈词烂调班门弄斧既往不究刚愎自用不孝子孙病入膏肓风声鹤唳一愁莫展各行其事悬梁刺骨趋之若鹜3、解释下列成语中划线的语素的意义（4分）汗流浃背开门揖盗如火如荼高屋建瓴4、分析下列合成词的结构（6分）容貌弃儿宪法梦想灰心霜降融化船只铅印瀑布响应权衡5、改正下列句中的错误（2分）江西名城南昌，毗邻巍峨的江西省人民政府办公大厦，有一座很不显眼的三层小楼，这就是江西省高级人民法院。

6、用直接成分分析法（框式图解）分析下列复杂词组（每小组3分，共六分）（1）这后一句话给祥林嫂很大的鼓励（2）屋里有人轻轻地哼着小调7、用六大成分分析法（加线法）分析下列单句（每小题3分，共6分）（1）我们往往容易把赢得荣誉的人的衣服的每一个皱折，都描绘得光彩夺目。

（2）把博物馆比作智慧的女神、博学的君子，我看很恰当。

8、用符号法分析下列复句（4分）如果你是一个真正的艺术家，那么无论是站在演出的舞台上，还是站在生活的大舞台上，你都会真正赢得人民的掌声。

9、指出下列句中用得好的词语并分析其修辞效果（每小题4分，共八分）（1）七斤嫂眼睛好，早望见今天的赵七爷已经不是道士，却变成光滑头皮，乌黑发顶；伊便知道这一定是皇帝坐了龙庭，而且一定需有辫子，而且七斤一定是非常危险。

[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编3.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编3.doc[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编3一、填空题1 Sentence meaning is the combination of the meanings of the component wordsand______.2 The hyponyms under the same superordinate are called______.3 A perlocutionary act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the ______ of, or the______the utterance.（人大2004研)4 When a teacher says "The exam this year is going to be really difficult" , the sentence would have an______force.（清华2001研)5 There has been a maxim in______which claims that "You are what you say. "（中山大学2008研)6 The theory of conversational implicature was proposed by______.（中山大学2008研)7 Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of______. X: Who was that you were with last night?Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?8 Promising, undertaking, vowing are the most typical of the______.9 ______refers to ties and connections which exist within texts. They are also called formal links between sentences and between clauses.（人大2007研)10 ______ is the information that the addresser believes isknown to the addressee, while ______is the information that the addresser believes is not known to the addressee.11 ______represents what the utterance is about; ______is what is said about it.12 "Linguistic relativity" was proposed by______and______.（清华2001研)13 Language varieties other than the standard are called nonstandard, ______language.14 A speech______is a group of people who share the same language or a particular variety of language.15 A______language is originally a pidgin that has become established as a native language in some speech community.16 A linguistic______refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the "polite" society from general use.17 Language itself is not sexist, but its use may reflect the______attitude connoted in the language that is sexist.18 In terms of sociolinguistics, ______is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person's language.19 In many societies of the world, we find a large number of people who speak more than one language. As a characteristic of societies, ______inevitably results from the coming into contact of people with different cultures and different languages.20 ______is the mental process of classification, while______is the products of the preceding process.21 ______is an approach to the analysis of natural language that focuses on language as an instrument for organizing, processing, and conveying information.22 There are three aspects in basic-level categories; ______, ______and______.23 The type of language constructed by second or foreignlanguage learners who are still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as______.（中山大学2008研)24 Error is the grammatically incorrect form; ______ appears when the language is correct grammatically but improper in a communicational context.（中山大学2008研)25 In learning a second language, a learner will subconsciously use his L1 knowledge. This process is called language______.。

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编27.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编27一、填空题1 Corpus linguistics deals with the principles and practice of using______in language study.(中山大学2005研)2 In the Phases IV of CALL Development, instead of writing specific programs for language teaching, ______has adapted to language teaching by enabling students to compose and try out their own writings in a non-permanent form.3 MT can be divided into two types: ______and______.4 ______a collection of linguistic data, either compiled as written texts or as a transcription of recorded speech.5 ______refers to the use of machine (usually computers) to translate texts from one natural language to another.二、判断题6 MT may commit those errors that no human translators would commit, such as wrong pronouns, wrong prepositions, garbled syntax, incorrect choice of terms, plurals instead of singulars.（A）真（B）假7 Around 1960, computer software is greatly improved and the first programming languages appeared.（A）真（B）假8 CAL especially refers to the use of a computer in the teaching or learning of a second or foreign language.（A）真（B）假9 Three types of knowledge are needed so that MT systems can be improved: semantics, pragmatics and common sense（A）真（B）假三、名词解释10 CAL(大连外国语学院2008研)11 CAI and CAL (武汉大学2008研)12 CALL (人大2006研)13 corpus linguistics (南开大学2004研)14 Concordance(北航2010研)15 Corpus四、举例说明题16 Read the following quote from Chomsky. What do you think about Chomsky's criticism and the revival of corpus linguistics? (中山大学2005研)It seems clear that the description which is of greatest psychological relevance is the account of competence, not that of performance, for anyone concerned with intellectual processes, or any question that goes beyond mere data arranging, it is the question of competence that is fundamental. . ..These rather obvious comments apply directly to study of language, child or adult. This it is absurd to attempt to construct a grammar that describes observed linguistic behaviour directly, . . . a direct record—an actual corpus—is almost useless as it stands, for linguistic analysis of any but the most superficial kind. . . .17 In what way are language and computer related, and how has their relationship affected language learning? (北外2010研)18 What is the relationship between MT and Human Translation?。

[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编11.doc

16音素和音位(2005年华中师范大学考题)
17层次分析法(2007年南京大学考题)
18变词语素(2012年中国海洋大学考题)
19上下义词和类义词(2005年华中师范大学考题)
20文字(2005年曲阜师范大学考题)
21国语(2007年北京语言大学考题)
六、填空题
请完成下列各题，在各题的空处填入恰当的答案。
（B）聚合系统中出现不对称现象是语言发展的结果。
（C）虽然聚合系统会出现不平行不对称的现象，但是平行和对称仍然是音位系统的重要特点。
（D）对称系统中的不对称现象为语言发展提供线索。
5词义对现实现象的反映是一种抽象、概括的反映，这种概括性的表现形式包括( )。(2005年中山大学考题)
（A）一般性
（B）模糊性
29举例说明多义词的本义和引申义，并指出引申的途径。(2012年北京语言大学考题)
30简述什么是语言规划，语言规划主要包括哪些内容。(2007年华中师范大学考题)
31举例说明语言接触可能产生一些什么样的结果。(2005年中山大学考题)
[考研类试卷]语言学历年真题试卷汇编11
1在命题演算中，∨是析取连词，复合命题p∨q的意思是“p或者q”。(2005年南开大学考题)
（A）正确
（B）错误
2音素具有区别词的语音形式的作用。(2005年华中科技大学考题)
（A）正确
（B）错误
3从词的结构类型上看，“normalize”是复合词。(2005年山东师范大学考题)
（C）全民性
（D）多义性
6赵高曾在朝廷上“指鹿为马”并得逞于一时，但“鹿”在汉语中仍称“lù”，而没有变成“mǎ”。(2006年曲阜师范大学考题)
7下列词形变化所用的语法手段。(2009年上海外国语大学考题)

[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编23.doc

（A）真
（B）假
3 Language acquisition refers to the process involved in creating and expressing meaning through language.
（A）真
（B）假
4 Structural metaphor means that human experiences with physical objects provide the basis for ways of viewing events, activities, emotions, ideas, etc. , as entities and substances.
（A）Competence
（B）Performance
（C）Learning
（D）Acquisition
8 During language acquisition, children go through several stages, during which stage they begin to have sensitivity to the phonetic distinctions used in their parents' language.
（A）language acquisition
（B）applied linguistics
（C）psycholinguistics
（D）pragmatics
10 ______does not belong to Construal Operations.
（A）Attention/ Salience（B）Jugment/ Comparison
（A）真

英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编2

英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编2(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Human language is arbitrary. This refers to the fact that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the 1it is associated with.（人大2007研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：meaning）解析：解析：（语言具有任意性，其所指与其形式没有逻辑或内在的联系。

)2.Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present(in time and space)at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as 1.（北二外2003研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：displacement）解析：解析：（移位性是指人类语言可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间和空间上不可及的物体、事件和观点。

)3.By duality is meant the property of having two levels of structures,such that units of the 1level are composed of elements of the 2level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.(北二外2006研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：primary）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：secondary）解析：解析：（双重性是指拥有两层结构的这种属性，底层结构是上层结构的组成成分，每层都有自身的组合规则。

[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编25.doc

[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编25.doc[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编25一、填空题1 There has been a maxim in______which claims that "You are what you say". (中山大学2008研)2 The theory of conversational implicature was proposed by______. (中山大学2008研)3 ______were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were not verifiable.4 In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the______principle proposed by J. Grice.5 In Austin's How to Do Things with word, he first distinguishes performativesand______, later on Austin made a flesh start to distinguish ______,______and perlocutionary act.二、单项选择题6 The speech act theory was developed by______. (对外经贸2006研)（A）John Searle（B）John Austin（C）Levinson（D）G. Leech7 ______is using a sentence to perform a function. (西安外国语学院2006研)（A）Perlocutionary act（B）An illocutionary act（C）A locutionary act（D）Speech act8 By saying "You have left the door wide open", a speaker might be performing the three acts: locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary______. (西安交通大学2008研)（A）at the same time（B）one after another（C）two first and then the other（D）one first and then the other two9 The Illocutionary Act was developed by______. (西安交通大学2008研)（A）John Austin（B）Levinson（C）John Lyons（D）John Searle10 According to the conversation maxim of______suggested by Grice, one should speak truthfully. (西安外国语学院2006研) （A）quantity（B）quality（C）relevance（D）manner11 Which of the following is NOT one of the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle? (对外经济贸易大学2006研) （A）the maxim of quantity（B）the maxim of quality（C）the maxim of manner（D）the maxim of strength12 Four categories of Maxims in Grice's Cooperative Principle include all the following except______.(大连外国语学院2008研) （A）Manner（B）Relation（C）Qualification三、简答题13 What are the major concerns of pragmatics? (人大2006研)14 How would you describe this short exchange in terms of the ardors performed by the speakers?Motorist: My car needs new exhaust system.Mechanic: I'll be busy with this other car all day. (浙江大学2005研)15 What are the four maxims of the co-operative principle? Which maxim does this speaker seem to be particularly careful about; "Well, to be quite honest, I don't think she is ill today." (北二外2010研；上海交大2006研)16 Conversational implicature is comparable to illocutionary force in speech act theoryin that they are both concerned with the contextual side of meaning, or 言外之意 Chinese. (中山大学2005研)17 Decide which maxim of the cooperative principle has been flouted in the following utterances and what implicature can be drawn. (厦门大学2006研)(1) A: Can you tell me the secret? B: But John is there.(2) A: Let's go to the movies. B: I'll bring the Kleenex.(3) A: Would you drive a Mercedes?B: I wouldn't drive ANY expensive car.18 What's conversational implicature? (西安交大2008研)19 Analyze the following dialogue with reference to Grice's Cooperative Principle: (北二外2007研)A: Where is X?B: He's gone to the market. He said so where he left.20 In what ways do people cooperate in their conversations? (人大2006研)21 What is your understanding of Relevance Theory? (南开大学2009研)22 Do you think B is cooperative in the following dialogue? Support your argument with Cooperative Principle. (南开大学2004研)A: When is the bus coming?B: There has been an accident further up the road.四、名词解释23 Locutionary Act, Illocutinary Act and Perlocutionary Act(北航2010研；北交大2005研)24 Performatives(中山大学2008研)25 Conversational implicature (川大2010研；武汉大学2004研；北京交通大学2007研)26 Cooperative principle (北二外2010研；北京师范大学2003研)27 Violation of maxims (北交大2006研)28 Applied linguistics(中山大学201 1年研)五、举例说明题29 When a teacher says "It's so hot in here." during a class, what does she probably mean? Refer to the theory of pragmatics when you analyze the situation. (人大2002研)30 A speech act consists of three related acts according to J. L. Austin's Speech Act theory. What are they? Analyze the following conversation in the light of Speech Act theory. (北航2008研)Customer: Waiter! There's a fly in my soup.Waiter: Don' t worry, there's no extra charge.31 Imagine you were at a bus stop and two people approached you one after the other. The first said:“哎，几点了?”and the second said:“不好意思，打搅一下，请问您戴表了吗?”What assumptions would you make if you were addressed in these two ways and why would you make them? (北外2007研)32 Discuss the following advertisemen t extensively: “你不理财，财不理你”. (浙江大学2007研)33 What kind of linguistic phenomenon can you identify in the following dialogue? Define, analize and explain the phenomenon. (北外2010研)甲：上车请买票。

汉语国际教育硕士汉语基础(现代汉语语音)历年真题试卷汇编2(题

汉语国际教育硕士汉语基础（现代汉语语音）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 汉语语言学基础知识汉语语言学基础知识填空题1．普通话里的四声用五度标记法的调值表示应该是___________。

(北京师范大学2016)正确答案：55、35、214、51解析：表示相对音高，通常的做法是用“五度标记法”。

先用一根竖线作为比较线，分为四格，分别表示“高、半高、中、半低、低”五度，依次用“5、4、3、2、1”来表示。

普通话中四声的调值：阴平55(高gao[kau55])、阳平35(麻ma[ma35])、上声214(考kao[k‘au214])、去声51(字zi[ts‘51])。

知识模块：现代汉语语音2．“想一想”中的“一”的声调是___________。

(北京师范大学2015)正确答案：轻声解析：根据普通话的音调变化规律，“一”在相同的动词中间，读轻声。

知识模块：现代汉语语音3．现代汉语普通话中的去声的调值是___________。

(北京师范大学2015)正确答案：51解析：考查普通话调值。

普通话中的去声即我们平时所说的四声，其调值是51。

知识模块：现代汉语语音4．复韵母un的韵腹是___________。

(北京师范大学2015)正确答案：e解析：复韵母un属于带鼻音韵母，原韵母是uen，中间的“e”被省略，因此这个韵母的韵腹是“e”。

知识模块：现代汉语语音5．汉语辅音ng是舌面后、浊音、___________音。

(北京师范大学2015)正确答案：鼻解析：按照发音部位和发音方法对ng进行描述，ng属于舌面后、浊、鼻音。

知识模块：现代汉语语音6．u或ü开头的韵母属于四呼中的___________。

(北京师范大学2015)正确答案：合口呼解析：韵母为u或以u开头的韵母属于合口呼，如：ua、uo、uai、uei。

知识模块：现代汉语语音7．汉语中有___________个辅音声母。

(北京师范大学2015年)正确答案：21解析：汉语中共有22个辅音，ng不能用作声母，只能用作韵尾，因此辅音声母有21个。

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