宏观经济学 期末试题
宏观经济学期末考试试卷3(附答案).doc

一、选择题(本题包含30小题,每题?分,共?分)1. Real GDPa. evaluates current production at current prices.b ・ evaluates current production at the prices that prevailed in some specific year inthe past ・c. is not a valid measure of the economy's performance, since prices change fromyear to year ・d. is a measure of the value of goods only, hence, it excludes the value of services ・2. The steps involved in calculating the consumer price index include, in order:a. choose a base year, fix the basket, compute the inflation rate, compute the basket'scost, and compute the index ・b ・ choose a base year, find the prices, fix the basket, compute the basket's cost, andcompute the index ・c. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the basket's cost, choose a base year andcompute the index ・d. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the inflation rate, choose a base year andcompute the index ・3. Suppose the price of a quart of milk rises from $1 to $1.25 and the price of a T-shirt risesfrom $8 to $ 10. If the CPI rises from 150 to 175 people will likely buya. more milk and more T-shirts ・b ・ more milk and fewer T-shirts ・c. less milk and more T-shirts ・d. less milk and fewer T-shirts.4・ Which of the following is correct?a. Countries with the highest growth rates over the last 100 years are the ones thathad the highest level of real GDP 100 years ago.b ・ Most countries have had little fluctuation around their average growth rates duringthe past 100 years ・分) [请单击此处编辑题目](每小题 分,共c.The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over time.d.Over the last 100 years, Japan had the highest real GDP growth rate, and now has the highest real GDPper person.5• Using the production function and notation in the text, K/L measuresa.natural resources per worker・b・ human capital per worker.c.output per worker・d.physical capital per worker.6・ Index fundsa.typically have about the same rate of return as more actively managed funds.b.typically have lower rates of return than more actively managed funds.c.contain the stocks and bonds from a single Standard Index Classification of industry・d.typically have higher rates of return than more actively managed funds.7- In a closed economy, national saving equalsa.investment.b.income minus the sum of consumption and govemment expenditures.c.private saving plus public saving・d.All of the above are correct・8・ At which interest rate is the present value of $162.24 two years from today equal to $150 today?a. 4 percentb・ 5 percentc. 6 percentd・ None of the above are correct to the nearest penny.9・ Which of the following is incorrect?a.Frictional unemployment is inevitable in a dynamic economy.b.Although the unemployment created by sectoral shifts is unfortunate, in the long run such changes leadto higher productiv让y and higher living standards-c.At least 10 percent of U.S. manufacturing jobs are destroyed every year.d.In a typical month more than 5 percent of workers leave their jobs.10. Use the balance sheet for the following question.Last Bank of Cedar BendAssets LiabilitiesReserves $25,000 Deposits $150,000Loans $125,000If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, this banka. is in a position to make a new loan of $15,000・b・ has less reserves than required・c.has excess reserves of less than $15,000.d.None of the above are correct.11 • Which of the following lists ranks the Fed's monetary policy tools from most to leastfrequently used?a.discount rate changes, reserve requirement changes, open market transactionsb.:reserve requirement changes, open market transactions, discount rate changesc.open market transactions, discount rate changes, reserve requirement changesd.None of the above lists ranks the tools correctly.12. A decrease in the money supply creates an excessa. supply of money that is eliminated by rising prices・b・ supply of money that is eliminated by falling prices.c.demand for money that is eliminated by rising prices.d.demand for money that is eliminated by falling prices・13- Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which case would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?a. Inflation is 4 percent; the taxrate i s 25 percent.b・ Inflation is 3 percent; the taxrateis 20 percent.c.Inflation is 2 percent; the taxrateis 15 percent.d.Tlie after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the above.14- In recent years, U.S. net capital outflow wasa. positive and net exports were negative・b・ positive and net exports were positive・c.negative and net exports were negative.d.negative and net exports were positive・15.If a country has business opportun让ies that are relatively attractive to other countries, we would expect it tohavea. both positive net exports and positive net capital outflow・b・ both negative net exports and negative net capital outflow・c.positive net exports and negative net capital outflow.d.negative net exports and pos让ive net capital outflow・16.On behalf of your firm, you make frequent trips to Hong Kong. You notice that you always have to pay moredollars to get enough local currency to get your hair styled than you have to pay to get your hair styled in the United States. This isa. inconsistent with purchasing-power parity, but might be explained by limited opportunities for arbitragein hairstyling across international borders・b・ consistent w让h purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising more rapidly than prices in the United States.c. consistent w让h purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising less rapidly than prices in theUnited States.d・ None of the above is correct.17- Ceteris paribus, if the Canadian real interest rate were to increase, Canadian net capital outflowa. and net cap让al outflow of other countries would rise.b・ and net capital outflow of other countries would fall.c.would rise, while net capital outflow of other countries would fall.d.would fall, while net capital outflow of other countries would rise・18・ If a government increases its budget deficit, then the real exchange ratea. and domestic investment rise.b・ and domestic investment fall.c.rises and domestic investment falls.d.falls and domestic investment rises.19.Which of the following is the correct way to show the effects of a new import quota?a. shift the demand for loanable funds right, the supply of dollars for foreign exchange right, and thedemand for dollars leftb・ shift the demand for loanable funds right, and the supply of dollars for foreign exchange leftc.shift the demand for dollars for foreign exchange leftd.None of the above is correct.20. A large and sudden movement of funds out of a country is calleda. arbitrage・b・ capital flight.c.crowding out.d.capital mobility・21• Aggregate demand shifts right when the governmenta.raises personal income taxes・b.increases the money supply.c.repeals an investment tax cred让.d.All of the above are correct.22• If people want to save more for retirementa.or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts right.b.or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts left.c.aggregate demand shifts right If the government raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts left・d.aggregate demand shifts left. If the governnient raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts right.23• n the mid-1970s the price of oil rose dramatically. Thisa. shifted aggregate supply left.b・ caused U.S. prices to fall.c.was the consequence of OPEC increasing oil production.d.All of the above are correct.24- Liquidity refers toa. the relation between the price and interest rate of an asset.b・ the risk of an asset relative to its selling price.c.the ease w让h which an asset is converted into a medium of exchange・d.the sensitivity of investment spending to changes in the interest rate.25• When the interest rate incr eases, the opportunity cost of holding moneya.increases’ so the quantity of money demanded increases・b.increases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases・c.decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases・d.decreases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.26.Which of the following properly describes the interest rate effect?a. As the money supply increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.b・ As the money supply increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.c.As the price level increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises・d.As the price level increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls・27.An increase in government spending initially and primarily shiftsa. aggregate demand rightb・ aggregate demand leftc.aggregate supply right.d.neither aggregate demand nor aggregate supply.28 • The reduction in demand that results when a fiscal expansion raises the interest rate is called thea.multiplier effect.b.crowding-out effect.c.accelerator effect.d.Riccardian equivalence effect.29.One determinant of the natural rate of unemployment is thea. rate of growth of the money supply.b・ minimum wage rate.c.expected inflation rate.d.All of the above are correct・30.An increase in the expected rate of inflation shiftsa. only the short-run Phillips curve right.b・ only the short-run Phillips curve leftc.both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the right.d.both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the left.二、判断题(本题包含20小题,每题?分,共?分)31.If nominal GDP is 10,000 and real GDP is 8,000 the GDP deflator is 125.32.International data on the history of real GDP growth rates shows that the rich countries33 • One of the reasons that African countries may have grown slower than other countries is thatmany have high barriers to trade.34. When the U.S. government is in debt, it follows that they have a deficit・35 • The future value of $1 saved today is $1/(1 + r)・36.The market for insurance is one example of reducing risk by using diversification・37.Someone who is without work but is not looking for work would be counted asunemployed by the BLS・38.Union workers earn about 10 percent to 20 percent more than similar workers who donot belong to unions.39.Because of the multiple tools at its disposal, the Fed is precise in its control of the moneysuppl y.40.Inflation distorts savings because people pay taxes on their noininal rather than their realinterest income.41.In an open economy, U・S・ national savings can be less than U・S・ investment42.If the real interest rate were above the equilibrium rate, there would be a shortage ofloanable funds・43 • Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specificfirms and industries.44. When output rises, unemployment falls.45 • The explanations for the slopes of the aggreg ate demand and aggregate supply curves are the same as the explanations for the slope of demand and supply curves for specific goods andservices・46. A decrease in the price level makes consumers feel wealthier, so they purchase more. This logic helps explainwhy the aggregate demand curve slopes downward・47.In liquidity preference theory, an increase in the interest rate decreases the quantity of money demanded, butdoes not shift the money demand curve.48.In principle the government could increase the money supply or government expenditures to try to offset theeffects of a wave of pessimism about the future of the economy.49.In the long run, the natural rate of unemployment depends primarily on the growth rate of the money supply.50. A policy change that reduced the natural rate of unemployment would shift both the long-runaggregate-supply curve and the long-run Phillips curve left.三、名词解释(本题包含5小题,每题?分,共?分)51- human capital:52.exports:53.trade policy:54• aggregate-demand curve:55• crowding-out effect:四、简答题(本题包含8小题,每题?分,共?分)56.Why is productivity related to the standard of living? In your answer be sure to explain what productivityand standard of living mean・ Make a list of things tliat determine labor productivity.57.Draw and label a graph showing equilibrium in the market for loanable funds・58.Founders of the Federal Reserve were concerned that the Fed might form policy favorable to one part of thecountiy or to a particular party. What are some ways that the organization of the Fed reflects such concerns?59.Suppose that monetary neutrality holds. Of the following variables, which ones do not change when themoney supply increases?a. real interest ratesb・ inflationc.the price leveld.real outpute.real wagesf.nominal wages60.The long-run trend in real GDP is upward. How is this possible given business cycles?What explains the upward trend?61.Discuss what economists believe is different about the long and short run.62.Suppose that consumers become pessimistic about the future health of the economy, andso cut back on their consumption spending. What will happen to aggregate demandand to output? What might the president and Congress have to do to keep output stable?63 • Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?参考答案I・b2.c3.d4・c5・d 6・d7.d&a 9・d lO.c llx 12.d 13.a 14.c 15.b 16.a 17.d 18.c 19.d 2O.b 21・b 22・b 23.a 24.c 25.b 26.d 27,a 2&b 29.b 3O.a3l.T 32. F 33.T 34.F 35.F 36.T 37.F 38.T 39.F 40.T 4l.T 42.F 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.F 50.F51.the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.52.goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad・53.a government policy that directly influences the quantity of goods and services that a country imports or exports・54.a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that households, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level.55.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending・56.The standard of living is a measure of how well people live. Income per person is animportant dimension of the standard of living and is positively correlated w让h other tilings such as nutrition and life expectancy that make people better off. Productiv让y measures how much people can produce in an hour. As productivity increases, people can produce more (and use less to produce the same amount) and so their standard of living increases・The factors that determine labor productivity include the amounts of physical capital (equipment and structures), human capital (knowledge and skills), and natural resources available to workers, as well as the state of technological knowledge insociet y.57.Market for Loanable FundsMarket for Loanble Funds58. 1. The president appoints the Board of Governors, but the Senate must approve them.2.The seven members of the Board of Governors serve 14-year terms, so 让isunlikely that a single president will have appointed most of them.3.The Federal Reserve has 12 regional banks.4.The presidents of the regional banks serve on the FOMC on a rotating basis.59. a. real interest ratesd. real outputd・ real wages60.There are occasional short-lived periods of negative real GDP growth・ However, in most years real GDP increases・ The years of increase are more frequent and the increases large enougli that over long periods of time real GDP increases despite the occasional declines. The long-run upward trend in real GDP is due to increases in the labor force and capital stock, and advances in technological knowledge・61.Most economists believe that in the long run, real variables are not affected by nominal variables. So, forexample, changes in the money supply do not change real variables in the long run・ However, most economists believe that nominal variables to do change real variables in the short run.62.As consumers become pessimistic about the future of the economy, they cut their expenditures so thataggregate demand shifts left and output falls. Tlie president and Congress could adjust fiscal policy to increase aggregate demand・ They could e让her increase government spending, or cut taxes, or both・63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy・ By the time the president andCongress can agree to and pass legislation changing expend让UTCS or taxes, the recession may have ended・ The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but 让may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy-。
宏观经济学期末考试试题

宏观经济学期末考试试题一、填空题:(每一空格1分,共12分)1.宏观经济学的中心理论是国民收入决定理论。
1.宏观经济学要解决的解决问题是资源利用问题2.国内生产总值(GDP)是指一个国家领土内在一定时期内所生产的全部最终产品和劳务的市场价值。
2.国民生产总值(GNP)是指一国在某一给定时期内所生产全部最终产品和劳务的市场价值。
3边际消费倾向是指消费增量和收入增量之比,它表示每增加一个单位的收入时消费的变动情况。
3.乘数是指自发总需求的增加所引起的国民收入增加的倍数,在二部门模型中乘数的大小取决于边际消费倾向4货币的交易需求和预防需求与国民收入成同方向变动。
4货币的投机需求与利率成反方向变动。
5.IS曲线是描述产品市场上实现均衡时,利率与国民收入之间关系的曲线。
5.LM曲线是描述货币市场上实现均衡时,利率与国民收入之间关系的曲线。
6.总需求曲线是描述产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时,价格水平与国民收入间依存关系的曲线。
它是一条向右下倾斜的曲线。
6.总需求曲线是描述产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时,价格水平与国民收入之间依存关系的曲线。
它是一条向右下倾斜的曲线。
7.当就业人数为1600万,失业人数为100万时,失业率为5.9%7.若价格水平1970年为80,1980年为100,则70年代的通货膨胀率为25%8.经济周期的中心是国民收入的波动。
8.经济周期是指资本主义市场经济生产和再生产过程中出现的周期性出现的经济扩张与经济衰退交替更迭循环往复的一种现象。
9.针对单纯经济增长造成的问题,罗马俱乐部的第一个报告麦都斯的《增长的极限》提出零经济增长论。
9.针对单纯经济增长造成的问题,1967年英国经济学家米香首先对经济增长提出是否值得向往问题。
10.具有自动稳定器作用的财政政策,主要是个人和公司的所得税,以及各种转移支付。
10.功能财政思想主张财政预算不在于追求政府收支平衡,而在于追求无通货膨胀的充分就业11.可持续发展要遵循代际公平原则。
宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是()。
A. 个别经济单位的经济行为B. 总体经济现象C. 政府的经济行为D. 企业的生产行为答案:B2. 总需求曲线向下倾斜的主要原因是()。
A. 价格水平上升B. 价格水平下降C. 收入效应D. 替代效应答案:C3. 货币政策的实施机构是()。
A. 财政部B. 国家统计局C. 中央银行D. 证监会答案:C4. 经济衰退时,政府应该采取的财政政策是()。
A. 增加税收B. 减少支出C. 减少税收D. 增加支出5. 货币供应量增加,利率下降,这表明()。
A. 货币需求减少B. 货币需求增加C. 货币供给增加D. 货币供给减少答案:C6. 通货膨胀率上升,货币的实际购买力会()。
A. 增加B. 减少C. 不变D. 不确定答案:B7. 经济中存在失业,政府应该采取的措施是()。
A. 减少公共支出B. 增加公共支出C. 增加税收D. 减少税收答案:B8. 经济增长通常与以下哪个因素有关()。
A. 资本积累B. 人口增长C. 技术进步D. 所有以上答案:D9. 长期总供给曲线是()。
B. 向上倾斜的C. 向下倾斜的D. 向右倾斜的答案:A10. 经济周期中,经济从衰退到复苏的阶段被称为()。
A. 复苏期B. 繁荣期C. 衰退期D. 萧条期答案:A二、简答题(每题10分,共40分)1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。
答案:凯恩斯主义经济学认为,在短期内,总需求的变化是影响经济波动的主要因素。
政府可以通过财政政策和货币政策来调节总需求,从而实现充分就业和稳定物价。
2. 解释什么是菲利普斯曲线,并说明其在现代宏观经济学中的意义。
答案:菲利普斯曲线描述了失业率与通货膨胀率之间的负相关关系。
在短期内,较低的失业率往往伴随着较高的通货膨胀率。
然而,在长期内,这种关系可能并不稳定,因为通货膨胀预期会改变人们的行为。
3. 描述货币政策的三大工具,并简要说明它们是如何影响经济的。
宏观经济学期末考试复习题及参考答案-专升本

《宏观经济学》复习题一、单选题1、国内生产净值与国民收入的差是()A.间结税B.直接税C.公司未分配利润D.以上都不对2、国内生产总值和国内生产净值之间的差额是()A.间接税B.直接税C.折旧D.以上都不对3、下面不属于流量的是()A.净出口B.折旧C.转移支付D.国家债务4、如果消费函数为C=100+0.8(Y-T),那么政府支出乘数()A.0.8B.1.25C.5D.55、下列哪项经济政策将导致收入水平有最大变化?()A.政府增加购买50亿元物品和劳务B.政府增加购买50亿元,同时增加税收50亿C.税收减少50亿元D.政府支出增加50亿元,其中30亿元由增加的税收支付6、在三部门经济中,下列哪一项不是恒等式()A.Y=C+I+GB.C+I+G=C+S+TC.S+T=I+GD.Y=C+S7、利率和收入的组合点出现在IS曲线右上方、LM曲线左上方的区域中,则表示()A.投资小于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给B.投资小于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给C.投资大于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给D. 投资大于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给8、一般的说,位于LM曲线左方的收入和利率的组合,都是()A.货币需求大于货币供给的非均衡组合B.货币需求小于货币供给的非均衡组合C.产品需求小于产品供给的非均衡组合D.产品需求大于产品供给的非均衡组合9、根据IS-LM模型()A.自发总需求增加,使国民收入减少,利率上升B.自发总需求增加,使国民收入增加,利率上升C.货币量增加,使国民收入增加,利率上升D.货币量增加,使国民收入减少,利率下降10、政府支出增加使IS曲线()A.向左移动B.向右移动C.保持不动D.以上说法均有可能11、在凯恩斯主义总供给曲线中,总供给增加引起的变化可能是()A.国民收入增加,价格水平上升B.国民收入增加,价格水平不变C.国民收入增加,价格水平下降D.国民收入不变,价格水平下降12、总需求的变动引起国民收入与价格水平同方向变动的总供给曲线是()A.凯恩斯主义总供给曲线B.短期总供给曲线C.长期总供给曲线D.不可能发生国民收入与价格水平同方向变动的情况。
宏观期末试题及答案

宏观期末试题及答案宏观经济学期末试题及答案一、选择题1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是()。
A. 个体经济行为B. 产业内部关系C. 市场行为D. 全球经济关系答案:D2. 下列哪种货币供应渠道不属于央行的操作渠道?A. 存款准备金政策B. 开放市场操作C. 货币市场操作D. 贴现贷款操作答案:C3. 当一个国家的货币供应量增加时,该国家的物价水平通常会()。
A. 上升B. 下降C. 保持不变D. 波动答案:A4. 经济增长率的计算公式是()。
A. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt-1 × 100%B. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt-1 × 100%C. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt × 100%D. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt × 100%答案:A5. 下列哪种货币政策工具可以用于调控通货膨胀?A. 货币供应量B. 货币利率C. 外汇储备D. 货币市场利率答案:B二、简答题1. 请解释货币的三个职能。
货币的三个职能分别是价值尺度、流通手段和储藏手段。
首先,货币作为价值尺度,可以衡量和比较各种商品和服务的价值。
其次,货币作为流通手段,可以在市场上作为交换媒介,方便商品和服务的买卖交易。
最后,货币作为储藏手段,人们可以将其储存起来,以备将来使用。
2. 请解释通货膨胀对经济的影响。
通货膨胀对经济的影响有以下几方面:首先,通货膨胀会降低货币的购买力,导致物价上涨,减少人们的消费能力和生活水平。
其次,通货膨胀会扭曲资源配置,由于价格上涨,生产成本增加,导致企业投资意愿下降,影响经济的正常运行。
此外,通货膨胀还会引发收入分配的不平等,对固定收入者和储蓄者造成损失,而对资产持有者带来收益。
最后,通货膨胀会削弱国家货币的国际竞争力,影响国际贸易和债务偿还。
三、论述题中国经济的供给侧结构性改革供给侧结构性改革是指通过改善生产力和供给效率,推动经济结构转型升级的一种改革方式。
《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案(参考)

《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案(参考)一、单项选择第十二章国民收入核算1.下列关于GDP说法正确的是(③)①一年内一个国家范围内的所有交易的市场价值②一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值③一年内一个国家范围内生产的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值④一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有商品和劳务的市场价值2.某人收入为1000元,个人所得税200元,政府补助150元,则个人可支配收入为(②)① 1350元② 950元③ 650元④ 1050元3.下列将计入当年GDP的一项是(③)①某人花10万元购买一辆二手汽车②面包厂购买的面粉③某企业当年生产没有卖掉的20万元产品④家庭妇女在家从事家务劳动4.如果一个社会体系的消费支出为9亿元,投资支出为1.2亿元,间接税为1亿元,政府用于商品和劳务的支出为2.5亿元,出口额为 3亿元,进口额为1.8亿元,则下列正确的是(①)① GDP为13.9亿元② GDP为12.9亿元③ NDP为13.9亿元④ NDP为12.9亿元5.一国的GNP小于GDP,说明该国公民从国外取得的产值( B )外国公民从该国取得的产值。
A、大于B、小于C、等于D、可能大于也可能小于6.今年名义GDP大于去年的名义GDP,说明( D )A、今年的物价水平一定比去年高了B、今年生产的物品和劳务总量一定比去年增加了C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。
7.在一般情况下,国民收入核算体系中,数值最小的是( C )A、国民生产净值;B、个人收入;C、个人可支配收入;D、国民收入8、一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数值被称为( B )A、国民生产净值;B、实际国内生产总值;C、名义国内生产总值;D、潜在国内生产总值9、在统计中,社会保险税增加对( D )项有影响。
A、国内生产总值(GDP);B、国内生产净值(NDP);C、国民收入(NI);D、个人收入(PI)。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案(-B-卷)

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案( 卷)一、名词解释题(本题型共 题。
每题 分,共 分).国内生产总值 .平衡预算乘数 .流动性偏好 .基础货币 .充分就业 .国内生产总值:一个国家或地区在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品(物品和劳务)的市场价值。
.平衡预算乘数:政府的收入和支出同时且以同数量变动时国民收入的变动与政府收入支出变动的比率。
.流动性偏好:即对货币的需求,由于货币具有使用上的灵活性,人们宁可牺牲利息收入而储存不生息货币来保持财富的心理倾向。
.基础货币:商业银行的准备金总额(法定的和超额的)加上非银行部门持有的通货是存款扩张的基础,被称为基础货币。
.充分就业:在广泛的意义上指一切生产要素(包含劳动)都有机会以自己意愿的报酬参加生产的状态。
二、单项选择题(本题型共 题。
每题正确答案只有一个。
每题 分,共 分).下列哪一项将不计入...当年的 ?( ).当年整修过的古董汽车所增加的价值; .一辆新汽车的价值;.一辆二手汽车按其销售价格计算的价值; .一台磨损的高尔夫球清洁机器的替换品。
. ;.在以支出法计算国内生产总值时,不属于...投资的是( )。
.某企业增加一笔存货; .某企业建造一座厂房;.某企业购买一台计算机; .某企业购买政府债券。
. ;.用收入法计算 时,不能计入 的是( ).政府给公务员支付的工资; .居民购买自行车的支出;.农民卖粮的收入; .自有住房的租金。
. ;.当实际 为 亿美元, 缩减指数为 时,名义国民收入为:( ) . 亿美元; . 亿美元; . 亿美元; . 亿美元。
. ;.一个家庭当其收入为零时,消费支出为 元;而当其收入为 元时,其消费为 元,在图形上,消费和收入之间成一条直线,则其边际消费倾向为()。
. ; . ; . ; . 。
. ;.认为消费者不只同现期收入相关,而是以一生或可预期长期收入作为消费决策的消费理论是( )。
.相对收入理论; .绝对收入理论; .凯恩斯消费理论; .永久收入理论。
宏观经济学期末试卷及答案

《宏观经济学》试卷一、单项选择题:(以下各题的备选答案中,只有一项是正确的。
将正确的序号填在括号内.)1、在一般情况下,国民收入核算体系中数值最小的是:A、国内生产净值B、个人收入C、个人可支配收入D、国民收入E、国内生产总值2、下列哪一项应计入GDP中:A、面包厂购买的面粉B、购买40股股票C、家庭主妇购买的面粉D、购买政府债券E、以上各项都不应计入。
3、计入GDP的有:A、家庭主妇的家务劳动折算合成的收入B、拍卖毕加索作品的收入C、出神股票的收入D、晚上为邻居照看儿童的收入E、从政府那里获得的困难补助收入4、在下列各项中,属于经济中的注入因素是A、投资;B、储蓄;C、净税收;D、进口。
5、政府支出乘数A、等于投资乘数B、比投资乘数小1C、等于投资乘数的相反数D、等于转移支付乘数E、以是说法都不正确6、在以下情况中,投资乘数最大的是A、边际消费倾向为0.7;B、边际储蓄倾向为0。
2;C、边际储蓄倾向为0。
4;D、边际储蓄倾向为0。
3。
7、国民消费函数为C=80+0。
8Y,如果消费增加100亿元,国民收入A、增加100亿元;B、减少100亿元;C、增加500亿元;D、减少500亿元。
8、如果政府支出增加A、对IS曲线无响应B、IS曲线向右移动C、IS曲线向左移动D、以上说法都不正确9、政府税收的增加将A、对IS曲线无响应B、IS曲线向右移动C、IS曲线向左移动D、以上说法都不正确10、位于IS曲线左下方的收入与利率的组合,都是A、投资大于储蓄;B、投资小于储蓄;C、投资等于储蓄;D、无法确定。
11、当经济中未达到充分就业时,如果LM曲线不变,政府支出增加会导致A、收入增加、利率上升;B、收入增加、利率下降;C、收入减少、利率上升;D、收入减少、利率下降.12、一般地,在IS曲线不变时,货币供给减少会导致A、收入增加、利率上升;B、收入增加、利率下降;C、收入减少、利率上升;D、收入减少、利率下降。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
1.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. (1 point each,40 points total)1) Which of the following are parts of the business cycles? 1) _______A) inflation and recession B) peak and potential GDPC) real GDP and potential GDP D) recession and expansion2) Macroeconomic policy tools include 2) _______A) unemployment policy and inflation policy.B) monetary policy and fiscal policy.C) monetary policy and unemployment policy.D) fiscal policy and unemployment policy.3) Fiscal policy involves 3) _______A) the use of interest rates to influence the level of GDP.B) the use of tax and money policies by government to influence the level of interest rates.C) the use of tax and spending policies by the government.D) decreasing the role of the Federal Reserve in the everyday life of the economy.4) Fiscal policy might be used to increase long-term growth in real GDP by 4) _______A) motivating an increase in investment. B) encouraging saving.C) reducing unemployment. D) Both answers A and B are correct.5) When U.S. imports exceed U.S. exports, the United States experiences 5) _______A) a decrease in potential GDP. B) a government budget deficit.C) inflation. D) an international deficit.6) The largest component of income is 6) _______A) proprietors' income. B) corporate profits.C) compensation of employees. D) net interest.7) Which of the following transfer payments is included in GDP? 7) _______A) veteran's benefits B) welfare paymentsC) Social Security payments D) none of the above8) Net domestic product equals gross domestic product minus 8) _______A) depreciation. B) net exports. C) inflation. D) investment.9) U.S. investment is financed from 9) _______A) private saving, government budget deficits and borrowing from the rest of the world.B) private saving, government budget surpluses and borrowing from the rest of the world.C) private borrowing, government budget deficits and lending to the rest of the world.D) private saving and borrowing from the rest of the world only.10) The labor force is defined as the number of 10) ______A) people with jobs, both part-time and full-time.B) unemployed people.C) people 16 and over.D) people who are employed and unemployed.11) Unemployment caused by the fluctuation of the business cycle is called ________ unemployment. 11) ______A) frictional B) structuralC) recession-related D) cyclical12) ______12) To calculate the unemployment rate, which of the following are necessary pieces of information?I. the number of unemployed personsII. the populationIII. the number of people in the labor forceIV. the working age populationA) I and IV B) I and II C) I and III D) I, II III and IV13) A classical economist believes that 13) ______A) the economy is self-regulating and always at full employment.B) the economy is self-regulating and will normally, though not always, operate at fullemployment if monetary policy is not erratic.C) if the economy was left alone, it would rarely operate at full employment.D) the economy is self-regulating and will normally, though not always, operate at fullemployment if fiscal policy is not erratic.14) Which of the following shifts both the LAS and SAS curves? 14) ______A) a simultaneous change in both the price level and the money wage rateB) a change in the price levelC) an advance in technologyD) a change in the money wage rate15) When the quantity of money in the economy increases, the 15) ______A) aggregate demand curve shifts rightward.B) wealth effect is no longer operable.C) aggregate demand curve does not shift but the economy moves along it.D) long-run aggregate supply curve shifts leftward.16) A Keynesian economist believes that 16) ______A) the economy is self-regulating and always at full employment.B) the economy is self-regulating and will normally, though not always, operate at fullemployment if monetary policy is not erratic.C) if the economy was left alone, it would rarely operate at full employment.D) the economy is self-regulating and will normally, though not always, operate at fullemployment if fiscal policy is not erratic.17) ______17) In the short run, the intersection of the aggregate demand and the short-run aggregate supplycurves,A) determines the equilibrium level of real GDP.B) is a point where there is neither a surplus nor a shortage of goods.C) determines the equilibrium price level.D) All of the above answers are correct.18) ______18) As the real interest rate increases, the quantity of investment ________. Therefore, theinvestment demand curve plotted against the real interest rate is ________.A) decreases; downward sloping B) increases; upward slopingC) decreases; upward sloping D) increases; downward sloping19) Savings is an important economic growth variable because 19) ______A) it provides a fund for wages needed from any unexpected population growth.B) it helps the economy maintain the current level of total expenditures when a recessionbegins.C) it can finance new investment and capital formation.D) All of the above answers are correct.20) Banks create money whenever they 20) ______A) accept a deposit.B) lend excess reserves to a borrower.C) receive interest on existing loans.D) receive monthly payments on their loans.21) ______21) A bank with $100 million in deposits has $15 million of cash in the bank, $10 million in depositswith the Fed, and $15 million in government securities in its vault. Its total reserves equalA) $10 million. B) $40 million. C) $15 million. D) $25 million.22) ______22) If the Fed wants to fight inflation, it might ________ the quantity of money, which in the shortrun shifts the ________.A) decrease; AD curve rightward B) increase; AS curve leftwardC) decrease; AD curve leftward D) increase; AD curve rightward23) If the Federal Reserve is seeking to increase aggregate demand in the short run, it should 23) ______A) raise the discount rate. B) raise the required reserve ratio.C) increase the quantity of money. D) sell government securities.24) According to the quantity theory of money, 24) ______A) a decrease in the quantity of money will decrease the velocity of circulation.B) an increase in the quantity of money will increase real output.C) an increase in the quantity of money will decrease real output.D) a decrease in the quantity of money will decrease the price level.25) If the inflation rate is higher than expected, then 25) ______A) borrowers gain at the expense of l enders because of the low interest rate.B) lenders gain at the expense of borrowers because of the low interest rate.C) borrowers gain at the expense of lenders because of the high interest rate.D) lenders gain at the expense of borrowers because of the high interest rate.26) ______26) If people correctly anticipate an increase in inflation so that their money wage rate adjustsimmediately, then, assuming the economy is initially at potential GDP,A) only the price level rises with no change in real GDP.B) both the price level and real GDP increase.C) only real GDP increases with no change in the price level.D) neither the price level nor real GDP increase.27) ______27) Suppose the economy of Argentina experiences high anticipated inflation. As a result, we canexpectA) an increase in transactions costs. B) increases in real GDP.C) increased uncertainty. D) Both answers A and C are correct.28) The multiplier is 28) ______A) the ratio of the equilibrium level of real GDP to the change in induced expenditures.B) the ratio of the change in real GDP to the change in autonomous expenditures.C) the ratio of the change in autonomous expenditures to the change in real GDP.D) the ratio of the change in induced expenditures to the change in autonomous expenditures.29) ______29) When disposable income equals $800 billion, planned consumption expenditure equals $600billion, and when disposable income equals $1,000 billion, planned consumption expenditureequals $760 billion. What is the marginal propensity to save?A) 0.20 B) 0.64 C) 0.80 D) 0.2530) According to the real business cycle (RBC) theory, recessions are the result of 30) ______A) a fall in growth rate of productivity.B) a decrease in growth rate of the quantity of money.C) an increase in investment.D) an increase in growth rate of the quantity of money.31) According to the new Keynesian theory, 31) ______A) unanticipated changes in aggregate demand change real GDP.B) anticipated changes in aggregate demand change real GDP.C) the money wage rate is sticky at least in the short run.D) All of the above answers are correct.II.32) Another severe depression is unlikely to occur because of I. bank deposit instab le internati onal currency markets. III. the Fed's role as a lender of last resort. 32) ______A) I and III B) II and III C) III only D) I and II33) If the federal government adopted a contractionary fiscal policy then 33) ______A) aggregate demand would decrease and real GDP would increase.B) aggregate demand and real GDP would both decrease.C) aggregate demand and real GDP would both increase.D) aggregate demand would increase and real GDP would decrease.34) If the government enacts a contractionary fiscal policy, it might 34) ______A) increase taxes. B) increase government purchases.C) increase the government budget deficit. D) None of the above answers is correct.35) The categories of federal government expenditures, listed from largest to smallest, are 35) ______A) purchases of goods and services, debt interest, and transfer payments.B) debt interest, transfer payments, and purchases of goods and services.C) transfer payments, debt interest, and purchases of goods and services.D) transfer payments, purchases of goods and services, and debt interest.36) The crowding out effect refers to 36) ______A) private investment crowding out government saving.B) government investment crowding out private investment.C) government spending crowding out private spending.D) private saving crowding out government saving.37) An advantage of automatic stabilizers over discretionary fiscal policy is that 37) ______A) only the President is involved in implementing automatic stabilizers instead of both thePresident and Congress.B) automatic stabilizers are not subject to all the same time lags that discretionary fiscal policyis.C) automatic stabilizers require only a simple majority of Congress to pass whereasdiscretionary fiscal policy requires a two-thirds majority to pass.D) automatic stabilizers can be easily fine-tuned to move the economy to full employment.38) Which of the following is a problem in pursuing a monetary policy based on feedback rules? 38) ______A) Fixed rules are illegal.B) Feedback rules are illegal.C) The lag between a change in the quantity of money and its effect on economic activity maybe long.D) None of the above answers is correct.39) Currently the Fed targets 39) ______A) neither the federal funds rate nor the monetary base.B) the price level.C) both the monetary base and the federal funds rate simultaneously.D) the federal funds rate.40) ______40) Suppose the United States is in a recession. If the Fed decreases interest rates because of this fact,the Fed is conducting aA) nondiscretionary policy. B) feedback-rule policy.C) fixed-rule policy. D) flexible-rule policy.2.TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. (1 point each, 20 p oints total)41) A recession occurs when real GDP decreases for at least 6 months. 41) ______42) Changes in the amount of government purchases is an example of fiscal policy. 42) ______43) ______43) To calculate GDP using the expenditure approach, in part it is necessary to add exports andsubtract imports.44) To measure economic welfare, one needs only to measure the growth in real GDP. 44) ______45) ______45) If a worker is temporarily laid off because the economy is in a recession, frictionalunemployment increases.46) The CPI is the average price of all goods and services produced within the economy. 46) ______47) The wealth effect points out that consumption decreases when people's real wealth decreases. 47) ______48) ______48) If there is an increase in technology, the long-run aggregate supply curve shifts rightward, butthe short-run aggregate supply curve does not shift.49) The long-run aggregate supply curve is upward sloping. 49) ______50) The nominal interest rate is approximately equal to the real interest rate minus the inflation rate. 50) ______51) The expected profit rate rises with business cycle expansions, technological advances, and tax51) ______cuts.52) When the Fed controls the quantity of money, it is regulating financial institutions. 52) ______53) A depository institution creates liquidity and pools risk. 53) ______54) If the Fed sells bonds in the open market, net exports will increase. 54) ______55) Unanticipated inflation causes income to be redistributed between borrowers and lenders. 55) ______56) There is a negative relationship between nominal interest rates and the inflation rate. 56) ______57) The most accurate forecast that can be made is called a rational expectation. 57) ______58) When planned aggregate expenditure is greater than real GDP, inventories decrease. 58) ______59) Induced taxes increase the size of the government purchases multiplier. 59) ______60) A tax cut decreases government saving and can thereby crowd out investment. 60) ______3.Short Answer. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. (10 points)61) Compare and contrast the Keynesian and Monetarist theories explaining the business cycle.4. Calculation problems( 10 points)62) The tables above give the purchases of an average consumer in a small economy. (These consumers purchase only shampoo and pizza.) Suppose 2003 is the reference base period.a) What is the cost of the CPI basket in 2003 and 2004?b) What is the CPI in 2003 and in 2004?c) What is the inflation rate in 2004?5. Extended problems( 20 points)63) In the economy of Jokey Island, autonomous consumption expenditure is $60 million, and the marginalpropensity to consume is 0.6. Investment is $110 million, government purchases are $70 million, and thereare no income taxes. Investment and government purchases are constant they do not vary with income. The island does not trade with the rest of the world.a) Draw the aggregate expenditure curve.b) What is the island's autonomous aggregate expenditure?c) What is the size of the multiplier in Jokey Island's economy?d) What is the island's aggregate planned expenditure and what is happening to inventories when realGDP is $800 million?e) What is the economy's equilibrium aggregate expenditur。