语法大全

主语从句
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宾语从句
1）、如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用 it 作形式宾语， 而将宾语从句后置。 e.g. He has made it clear that he will not give in .
2）、连词 that 引导的从句很少作介词宾语，只用在 except, but, in 后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词 that 引导， 则需用 it 先行一步，作形式宾语。 e.g. He is a good student except that he is careless . We’ll see to it that she gets home early . 3）、某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过 去分词有 sure,glad,pleased,certain,happy,afraid, etc.连 词 that 可省略。 e.g. Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exam . I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said .
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I found a novel . I found him a novl very interesting .
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疑问句
一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 选择疑问句 反意/附加疑问句
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一般疑问句
一般疑问句一般是指用 Yes 或 No 回答的疑问句。
其基本结构为： 1. Be + 主 + 表 + …… ? 2. Do / Does / Did + 主 + do + …… ?
You must be tired , aren’t you ?
3、used to 的反意疑问句；
The old man used to sleep ten hours a day , usedn’t / didn’t he ? 4、ought to 的反意疑问句； He ought to come , oughtn’t shouldn’t he ?
3. Have / Has / Had + 主 + done + …… ?
4. Can + 主 + do + …… ?
注意否定问句： —Haven’t you got a dictionary ?
—Yes , I have . —No , I haven’t .
（不，我有。） （是的，我没有。）
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祈使句
1、肯定祈使句；
Be careful !
2、否定祈使句；
Stop talking !
Don’t / Never open the window . 3、以 let 开头的祈使句； Let’s go now . Let me have a try .
4、带主语的祈使句
1) Tom , you feed the bird ! ( …………, will you ?) 2) You , boys , sweep the floor , and you ,girls , clean the windows . 3) You mind your own business ! Don’t you be late !(不高兴，厌烦)
4) Be quiet , everyone . Somebody answer the phone !
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感叹句
基本构成方式： 1 . What + (a/an) + adj. + n. + S + V !
What good advice he gave us !
What a nice day it is !
3. 表示感觉状态的连系动词：
e.g The girl looks fine . The plan sounds perfect .
4. 表示状态转变的动词：
e.g. The boy grew / became taller . It’s getting cold .
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―双宾语”及物动词：
ask 、bring 、buy 、call 、do 、get 、 give 、lend 、offer 、send 、teach 、tell
to / for
e.g. I gave some money to the old man . They bought a lot of books for me .
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―复合宾语”及物动词：
believe 、call 、choose 、consider 、 find 、make 、prove 、see 、think
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选择疑问句
提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选 择一种，这种疑问句叫做选择疑问句。它的结 构是“一般疑问句+ or +一般疑问句”，但常 把后一部分里面和前一部分相同的成分省略。 e.g. Is her brother a doctor or a teacher ? Would you like tea or coffee ?
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5. He seldom goes to the cinema , does he ? 6. She dislikes the idea , doesn’t she ? 7. One can’t be careful enough , can one / he ? 8. These are not your books , are they ? 9. Everything goes well , doesn’t it ? 10. Everybody agrees with him , doesn’t he / don’t they ? 11. She said she would be back soon , didn’t she ? I don’t believe (that) he will come , will he ? 12. Learning English well takes a long time , isn’t it ? 13. Give me a hand , won’t / will you ? Let’s go for a walk , shall we ? Let us go now , will you ? 14. There won’t be any trouble , will there ? 返回
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是以疑问词开始的疑问句。用 陈述句来回答。 其基本结构为：
How / Wh- + 一般疑问句 ？
e.g. How do you go to school ? Where do you work ? 注意混合疑问句：
What do you think / suppose + 主 + 谓 （+ 其他）?
2) . What a lovely day !
How wonderful !
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并列句
两个或两个以上的单句，可以用并列连词连接，从而形成并 列句。常用的并列连词，根据所连接的上下文的逻辑关系，可以 分为以下几类： 1、表示增补关系的并列连词：
and , both…and, neither…nor,not…nor,not only…but also, as well as ,etc.
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复合句
名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句
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名词性从句
主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 引导词
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主语从句能用 it 作形式上的主语。常用 it 作形式主语的句型有： 1).It be + 形 (certain,likely,etc.) + that从句。 e.g. It is certain that she will do well in her exam . 2).It be + 名词词组(no wonder,etc.) + that从句。 e.g. It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game . 3).It be +过去分词 (said , thought,etc.) + that从句。 e.g. It is said that Mr . Green has arrived in Beijing . 4).It seem/happen,etc. + that 从句。 e.g. It happened that I was out that day . 5).It doesn’t matter / makes no difference + wh- 从句。 e.g. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not . 6).当 that 引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时， 要用 it 作形 式主语，而把主语从句后置。 e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow?
2、表示选择关系的并列连词：
or , or else , otherwise , either …or, whether…or
3、表示转折关系的并列连词： but , while 4、表示因果关系的并列连词： for , so e.g. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they themselves couldn’t . We must hurry , otherwise we’ll be late .
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