高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导和解读：谈语篇阅读技巧(含实例)

高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：谈语篇阅读技巧（含实例）两个感悟：第一、关注语篇阅读文本解读的技能第二、关注阅读中的问题的生成第三、多花精力培养外刊好文阅读的习惯（江苏阅读基本选自比较高级的外刊多，多阅读这样的外刊文章会极大提高英语语篇思维的熟悉度）本套试题阅读学生得分率普遍比较高，原因在于命题没有加大干扰项的难度和文本内容的内在关系没有充分挖掘，解读不够彻底。

但后三篇阅读材料选材非常好，覆盖了高考常见的阅读题材模式，因此我想，学生不要停留在自己的得分上，而要思考：我如何提高阅读的效率和解题准确率？我们真的需要一种工匠精神对待阅读！唯有此，才能举一反三，以不变应万变。

BScientists have discovered how the “wiring”of in-built sat-navs in bees’brains helps them plot the most direct route back to their hive.The researchers have found that a complex network of neurons integrates (整合）every detail of the outbound journeys, helping bees to return directly home. While it has long been known that bees use their vision to navigate (导航), until now little is known about what happens inside their tiny brains as they perform this task. Now, researchers from the University of Edinburgh have discovered neurons（神经元）that detect speed and direction to help guide bees home. The neurons are located in a part of the insect brain called the central complex. Scientists have found this region plays a key role in controlling the navigation system, which is used by many animals, including bees, ants and humans. These cells are used to add up all elements of the outbound journey, creating a memory that bees use to fly home by the most direct route, researchers say.The researchers have discovered the complex workings of the system by studying the brains of nocturnal (夜间的）rainforest bees. They monitored nerve function by attaching tiny electrodes (电极）to bees’heads as the insects were shown virtual reality simulations (模拟)of what they see when flying forward or rotating.Their results, together with microscope studies of how the nerve cells are connected, were used to develop a detailed computer model of the bee’s brain. The model was tested on a simulated bee and on a robot.The findings could lead to the development of new algorithms (算法）for navigation in autonomous robots that do not require GPS or expensive computer systems.Professor Barbara Webb, lead author of the study said: 'The most exciting part of this research was when computer modelling of connections between nerve cells revealed the elegant principle by which bees keep track of their position and steer back home. Understanding such a complex behaviour at the level of single neurons is an important step forward for the science of brain function.”56. The underlined part in Paragraph 1 refers to “_______”.A. built-in satellite navigation fixed by scientistsB. built-in direct routes plotted by scientistsC. inborn complex network of bees5 neuronsD. inborn models of bees5 speed and position57. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Previous studies have shown that bees use sight navigation to fly back to their hive.B. The complex network of neurons integrates every detail of journeys leaving a place.C. The computer model based on the studies was tested both on a real bee and a robot.D. The research was done by monitoring nerve function of nocturnal rainforest bees.58. The findings of the research on bees could probably .A. further the microscope studies of cellsB. push forward the science of brain functionC. contribute to the test computer models of beesD. promote the study of other insects in the rainforest Key: CCBCGiven how valuable intelligence and automation (自动化）are, we will continue to improve our technology if we are at all able to. At a certain point, we will build machines that are smarter than we are. Once we have machines that are smarter than we are, they will begin to improve themselves. And then we risk what the mathematician IJ Good called an “intelligence explosion”. The process could get out of control.The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are. And the slightest divergence (分歧）between their goals and our own could destroy us.Just think about how we relate to ants. We don’t hate them. We don’t go out of our way to harm them. In fact, sometimes we take pains not to harm them. We step over them on the sidewalk. But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals, we will kill them without hesitation. The concern is that we willone day build machines that, whether they’re conscious or not, could treat us with similar disregard.The bare fact is that we will continue to improve our intelligent machines. We have problems that we desperately need to solve. So we will do this, if we can. The train is already out of the station, and there’s no brake to pull. If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are, they will very likely develop in ways that we can’t imagine, and exceed us in ways that we can’t imagine.So imagine we hit upon a design of superintelligent AI that has no safety concerns. This machine would be the perfect labor-saving device. It can design the machine that can build the machine which can do any physical work, powered by sunlight, more or less for the cost of raw materials. So we5re talking about the end of human labour. We’re also talking about the end of most intellectual work. So what would apes like ourselves do in this circumstance?What would some nations do if they heard that some company in Silicon Valley was about to deploy a superintelligent AI? This machine would be capable of starting war, whether terrestrial or cyber, with unbelievable power.Given that the companies and governments building superintelligent AI are likely to perceive themselves as being in a race against all others, and that to win this race is to win the world, it seems likely that whatever is easier to do will get done first unless it is destroyed in the next moment.But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence, we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god. Now would be a good time to make sure it’s a god we can live with.59. What message does Paragraph 3 convey?A. Intelligence and automation are very valuable.B. The improved machines will get away from us.C. The presence of machines does conflict with our goals.D. Future intelligent machines could treat us without mercy.60. Which of the following sayings has similar meaning with the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?A. Time and tide wait for no man.B. Rome wasn’t built in a day.C. Tomorrow is another day.D. Shot arrows will not come back.61. How is the passage mainly developed?A. By making comparisons.B. By giving assumptions.C. By showing valid evidence.D. By analyzing statistics.62. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author^ viewpoint towards AI?A. Human beings will no doubt be destroyed by AI in the future.B. Superintelligent AI will put an end to human labour eventually.C. We should keep the development of AI within humans, control.D. Human beings should stop the development of superintelligent AI. KEY: DDBCDCraig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called "Lineage II’. When NCsoft, the South Korean firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the game’s rules and banned him, he was plunged into depression. After he spent three weeks in hospital, he accused NCsoft of fraud and negligence (疏忽), demanding over $9,000,000 in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become “addicted”to the game.But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say some online behaviors can become problematic for many people, such as video games and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called “Internet addiction”-or how to treat it.Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2000 Joseph Walther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were “addicted”to academia. He argued that other factors, such as depression, are the real problem. He stands by that view today. No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that Internet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue,”he says. “Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying (潜在的）clinical issues, is unwise.”Others disagree. “That would be wrong,”says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Internet addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn to tackle.No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic (有毒的).Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student can play video games for 23 hours each week. In 2007 the government estimated that around 210,000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction. And several SouthKorean men have died from exhaustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions. The South Korea government has recently asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew (^^-) for children, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 am. It has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an “Internet rescue camp”for serious cases.Treatment centres have popped up around the world. In 2006 Amsterdam’s Smith & Jones facility claimed to be “the first and, currently, the only residential video-game treatment program in the world’. In America the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims to treat Internet addiction and gaming addiction. In China, meanwhile, military-style 44boot camps99 are the preferred way to treat internet problems.But compulsive behavior is not limited to gamers. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world or an e-mail inbox, it is harder to resist. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of “eBay addiction”soon followed. Dr Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook--- or even to “FarmVille”, a game playable only within Facebook.Yet many people like feeling permanently connected. As Arikia Millikan, an American blogger, once put it, “If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day, I would, and I think a lot of my peers would do the same.”Bob LaRose, an Internet specialist at Michigan State University, doesn’t believe her. In his researchon college students, he found that most sense when they are Agoing overboard and restore self-control”. For most people, Internet use “is just a habit—and one that brings us pleasure”, he adds.63. The author cites the example of Craig Smallwood to .A. criticize him for his ridiculous accusationB. warn against the online game companiesC. introduce the topic of “Internet addiction”D. show how serious “Internet addiction”is64. The underlined part in Paragraph 3 indicates that Joseph Walther was .A. sincereB. jokingC. seriousD. criticizing65. According to Joseph Walther, .A. addiction to the Internet must be specially treatedB. Internet addiction is a serious social phenomenonC. the Internet is a cause of many sorts of medical issuesD. clinical issues behind Internet addiction should be found66. Which of the following is true about the world’s efforts to fight Internet addiction?A. The South Korea government aids organizations to treat Internet addiction.B. -Amsterdam once started the world first video-game treatment program.C. Treatment centers in America have cured Internet and gaming addiction.D. Military-style camps in China prove to be the best to treat Internet problems.67. What can we infer from Paragragh 7?A. People communicate more in the virtual world than in real life.B. E-mail or web-use behaviors can also show signs of addiction.C. Websites such as eBay and Facebook are likely to cause complaints.D. Women rather than men tend to be easily addicted to the social network.68. What is the author’s tone in writing this article?A. Objective.B. Subjective.C. Doubtful.D. Approving.KEY: CBDABA。