英语写作基础教程Chapter 4
实用阶梯英语写作教程课件unit 4 Listing and Exemplification
Everything seemed
I tore a hole on the bathing suit; to go wrong with
4 Friends thought I would dive me at the swimming
when I just wanted to see view pool.
Warm-up Activity: Setting your goals
• 1. List what you will do to achieve your goal.
• 2. Interview one of your friends about his/her goal and the actions they will take.
as an illustration
• to illustrate
as an example
• take…for example
consider…for example
• as follows
in other words
• let me cite as proof
• according to statistics (statistical evidence)
• 1. Learning English is a rewarding experience. • 2. How higher education has affected my life. • 3. Making mistakes is a good way to learn. • 4. There is a lot to learn outside the classroom.
• Pass CET4, • Improve English skills, • Get scholarship, • Join some student organizations, like student
英语写作教程3,4单元
• 1,Fragmented subordinate clauses 破碎的从属分句 • The decision seem fair. Because it consider all parties. • The decision seem fair because it consider all parties. • The decision seem fair. It consider all parties. • To earn some pocket money, you only need an odd job. While to accomplish something remarkable(非凡的),you must spend lots of time and energy.
• • • • •
3，Other fragmented word groups P28 parts of compound predicates 复合谓语 appositives 同位语 lists example introduced by“such as”，“for example”or similar expression • eg.I like fruit.such as apples,bananas. • I like fruit such as apples,bananas.
英语写作教程
外国语学院
英语116班
谢静
Unit 3
---常见的句子失误
1.Sentence Fragments ma Splices 3.Run-on Sentence
破碎句 逗号误用 粘连句
A complete sentence 1,contains a subject and a verb eg. I like apples. 2,is not a subordinate clause(从句)
写作教程4 邹申第 二版 教案
写作教程4 邹申第二版教案下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!本店铺为大家提供各种类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you! In addition, this shop provides you with various types of practical materials, such as educational essays, diary appreciation, sentence excerpts, ancient poems, classic articles, topic composition, work summary, word parsing, copy excerpts, other materials and so on, want to know different data formats and writing methods, please pay attention!写作教程4 邹申第二版教案导言写作是一门艺术，也是一种技能。
英语学术论文写作教程-Unit 4
ew
The presentation of Results is usually followed by Discussion, though the division of the two parts is not rigid. Analysis on the data and report of findings are expected in either the Results section or Discussion section. The purpose of such analysis is to provide interpretation of the results or methods. There is no fixed way of writing this part, but some conventional rules are expected to follow in order to get your results understood and published.
But how are the findings presented? Results can be reported in both written texts and visual illustrations. After the experimental data are collected and analyzed, it is time to present the findings in the Results section.
英语学术论文写作教程 （含课后题答案）
Unit 4 Results
Overview
This unit examines the Results section of academic writing. The Results section, one of the essential parts of an academic paper, generally reports the main findings of your research and offers some brief and specific comments on these findings as well. It reflects the researcher’s contribution to the studied topic in a certain field.
英语写作基础教程(第三版)chapter
and a few books - are here. (4). introduce a summarizing clause after a series of
h
15
一、Manuscript Form
4. Handwriting
(1) little space (about one letter) after a comma, and a slightly bigger space (about two letters) after a full stop.
h
18
二、 PuncBiblioteka uation1. The Comma (,)
(4). Nonrestrictive clauses and phrases are
Set off by commas.
(5). Commas set off parenthetical elements.
(6). In dates, a comma is used to separate
nouns e.g. Bob, Lily, Judy - none of them know where he is. (5) used like quotation marks in a dialogue. (6) introduce subheading and authors after quotation
h
17
二、 Punctuation
1. The Comma (,)
研究生学术英语写作教程Unit 4 Key
第四单元参考答案1.1 Pre-reading Qs:1) The method section is the most important aspect of a research paper because itprovides the information by which the validity of a study is ultimately judged.Therefore, the researcher must provide a clear and precise description of how an experiment is to be carried out, and the rationale for the specific experimental procedures chosen. It must be written with enough information so that: (1) the experiment could be repeated by others to evaluate whether the results are reproducible, and (2) the readers can judge whether the results and conclusions are valid.2)overview of the research / experiment, population / subjects, research location,materials, procedure, variables, sampling techniques, statistical treatment, possible restrictions3)When describing actions and situations that happened in the past, or telling astory and expressing actions that follow each other in a story, we normally use the simple past tense. Different tenses can be used depending on reference to the past or recurring present events. To sum up, the majority of verbs are in the past; other forms can also be used if there is a good reason for doing so. Active voice means that if the subject of a sentence performs the action, then the verb used to express this meaning is active. If the subject receives the action of the verb, then the verb is passive. Passive voice is normally used if the agent is arbitrary, not known, or not important, and sometimes “by …”is omitted. In this reading passage, a past passive structure is predominant.1.3.2·Students’ questionnaire include d five sections with 23 questions:1) demographic information2)importance of English in college and professional careers3)perceived language skill needs and problems4)the activities needed in a freshman language course, and5)suggestions for development of course content and materials as well asdemographic information.·The faculty questionnaire consisted of four sections with l6 questions, which are parallel to those in the version given to the students except that no demographic information was gathered.Research aim:A Study of perceptions of English Needs in a Medical Context Questionnaire One: The questionnaire given to the medical students consisted of five sections with 23 questions, the topics of which were importance of English in college and professional careers, perceived language skill needs and problems, activities needed in a freshman language course, and suggestions for development of course content and materials as well as demographic information.Questionnaire Two: The faculty questionnaire consisted of four sections with l6 questions, which were parallel to those in the version given to the students except that no demographic information was gathered.Research restrictions:The questionnaires were piloted, and modified according to the feedback from l0 respondents: six medical students and four faculty members.One of the authors, a faculty member at Chung Shan Medical College, selected one required class for each group of students (freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors). (The population size is not big enough and the sampling technique is not so clear.)2.1.12.1.2 A poison ivy infection is considered by some to be humorous. But it is not funny at all. A rash that has the intensity of a fresh mosquito bite and lasts for several days is caused by contact with the plant. Poison ivy infection has been studied by scientists for centuries, but no preventive pill or inoculation has been found. The poisonous substance in the plant is called urushiol. After the skin is touched by urushiol, the exposed area will soon be covered by blisters and weeping sores.2.2: The following sentences describe a process of making paper. Use sequentialwords and rewrite them into a cohesive paragraph.Firstly, the logs are placed in the shredder. Then they are cut into small chips which are mixed with water and acid. After that, they are heated and crushed to a heavy pulp which is cleaned. It is also chemically bleached to whiten it. Later, it is passed through rollers to flatten it. Then sheets of wet paper are produced. Finally, the water is removed from the sheets which are pressed, dried and refined until the finished paper is produced.3.1 Read the following sentences. They are all taken from method sections fromdifferent research articles. In each case, determine which information element is represented.1. subjects2. material3. procedure4.overview5. statistical treatment6. procedure and material7. sampling8. research location3.2 Completing sentences1) The questionnaire was administered.2) completed the questionnaire.3) Background information about these participants is presented in Table 2.4) The mean age of the participants was approximately 29 years old.5) the year of working experience was six on the average.3.3Reordering sentences1c 2 e 3 d 4 f 5g 6 b 7 I 8 a 9h3.4 Rewriting sentences(1) Table 2 shows the number of students per level and their Ll languagebackgrounds represented.(2) Two questionnaires administered respectively to the personnel officers andbusiness employees show a similar result in terms of their perception of the use of English in their firm.(3) The scores of the two raters were averaged and entered for statistical analysis.(4) The model used in the experiment was a modified version of the 2009 Testpackage, originally developed by the Morrison Research Institute.(5) Gray (1998) studied the effectiveness of the new schedule, using scores on theStanford Achievement Test as the measure.(6) After the teacher explained the directions, the students began to write.( place modifiers so that they clearly modify what they are intended to modify ) (7) Students achieved better results, although the schedule was in effect for only 1year. (Put the main idea in the main clause )(8) After putting the assignment on the board, the teacher found by checking theroll that three students were absent. (Too many and s )(9) Because many school administrators seem interested in making only simple andinexpensive changes, they have been overly receptive to simplistic solutions.( avoid inserting long modifiers between the subject and the verb )(10) Many people are reluctant to install solar energy systems because of the largecapital investment required. ( avoid using subordinate clauses that modify other subordinate clauses )3.5 Turning notes into a passageA taste test was conducted to determine students’preferences and attitudes toward sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened beverages. Ten people, five male students and five female students, from Science English class 1 were chosen at random to participate in the test. The materials used were thirty straws, two cups, one blindfold, and two containers of Kool-Aid, a popular drink in the United States. One container held four cups of orange Kool-Aid sweetened with one half cup of sugar. The other container held four cups of orange Kool-aid sweetened with 9 packets of Nutrasweet brand artificial sweetener.The steps included in the test were as follows. Ten volunteer students were chosen, five male students and five female students. They were placed into two lines, one for the males and the other for the females. Alternately, men and women completed the taste test. To complete the test a blindfold was first fastened over the eyes of the tester so that he/she could not see. Then the two cups were filled with beverage, one with artificially-sweetened Kool-Aid and the other with sugar-sweetened Kool-Aid. The tester was then asked three questions from a survey and the answers were tabulated. Next, using a straw, the tester took a sip from each cup. Then the final two questions on the survey were asked and the answers tabulated. Finally, the remaining drink was thrown away, and the next tester came forward to repeat the process.4. Writing Project(Omitted)。
英语写作基础教程Chapter 4
Features of a Paragraph
Transition
I’ve had a real problem with my car leaking oil on the driveway I’ve had a real problem with my car leaking oil on the lately. First, there’s a pool of oil two thirds of the way up on both driveway lately. There’s a pool of oil two thirds of the way up on sides of the driveway. There’s another pool of oil inside the garage both sides of the driveway. There’s a pool of oil inside the garage where I park the car. After I clean the oil up. The next day it’s back where I park the car. I clean the oil up. The next day it’s back again. Finally, I took the car to a garage to have the oil changed again. I took the car to a garage to have the oil changed and the and the leak topped. However, the problem was more difficult leak topped. The problem was more difficult than I’d expected. than I’d expected. The rear main bearing seal was leaking, but to The rear main bearing seal was leaking, but to replace it, the replace it, the engine would have to be pulled. I couldn’t afford that, engine would have to be pulled. I couldn’t afford that, so I had to so I had to wait and save up some money. In the meantime, I put wait and save up some money. I put three oil pans on the spots three oil pans on the spots where the car leaks oil when it’s parked. where the car leaks oil when it’s parked. I can’t think of any I can’t think of any other solution for now. other solution for now.
英语写作教程4
1.
2.
1. 2.
The question mark ends a sentence when it asks a question. Why is it so cold? Where is your warm coat?
7
Put question marks and full stops in the correct places in these groups of sentences. (There are two sentences in each example)
2
Now, look at what happens when we change the position of the punctuation marks. It actually changes the meaning of the passage. I would like to apply for a job with your company for two years. I have been employed. As a sales clerk for the Jones store I sold nothing. That, I did not take pride in. I am sure it will be the same if I work for you.
3
The full stop ends a sentence when it is a statement. (Remember, a sentence makes sense. You take a long pause at the end of a sentence. This long pause means that you need a full stop.)
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Developing Paragraphs
Features of a Paragraph
Analysis of Sample 1
a central idea supporting evidence close connection
Features of a Paragraph
Features of a Paragraph
Topic sentence
A good topic sentence:
1) a. We went to the show last night.
① new information b. We Has had a terrible time at the show last night.
Features of a Paragraph
Topic sentence
We now have, as a result of modern means of communication, hundreds of thousands of words flung at us daily. We are constantly being talked at, by teachers, preachers, salesmen, public officials, and motion picture soundtracks. The cries of advertisers pursue us into our very homes, thanks to the radio—and in some houses the radio is never turned off from morning to night. Daily the newsboy brings us, in large cities, from thirty to fifty enormous pages of print, and almost three times that amount on Sunday. We go out and get more words at bookstores and libraries. Words fill our lives.
Exercise
A. in addition B. for example C. in fact D. also E. furthermore Teachers of foreign languages should be extremely well-qualified in order to carry out their duties properly. ___(1)__, a teacher should possess a minimum of a graduate degree from a certified education school or institute if he is to teach high school or below. Besides the academic degree, teachers should not consider teaching only as an occupation for earning money; they should __(2)__ be interested in teaching. ___(3)___, it was necessary that teachers be knowledgeable in their major fields. They should be skillful as well. _(4)__, the language teacher must know the target language well enough to be imitated by his students. Proficiency in the target language includes fours skills: understanding, speaking, reading, and writing. A teacher should know the linguistic facts of the language of the students in order to understand the problems they will have in learning the target language. __(5)__, the teacher must be familiar with audio-lingual techniques. Knowing all this will help the students to learn correctly and quickly.
(1) Topic: Black-and White Movies Topic sentence:_____________ (2) Topic: Capital Punishment Topic sentence:______________
(3) Topic: Rap Music Topic sentence:_____________ (4) Topic: Horror Movies Topic sentence:______________
Features a Paragraph
Topic sentence
Write your own topic sentence for each of the following topics. Make sure each sentence expresses a particular point about the topic. ○ Topic: Night Classes Topic sentence: I prefer taking night classes to day classes to fit my work schedules.
Read Sample3 and find the central idea.
An effective paragraph must have a central idea,
which may be expressed either explicity in a topic
sentence or implicitly.
③ Is general enough to invite exploration of the topic
④ strong b. OurIs aunt visited us for three weeks last summer.
4) a. I had first date with Clarence last spring. ⑤ Ismy not an announcement b. My first date with Clarence last spring was a disaster.
2) a. Norris is the brightest student in our biology class. ② Is specific b. Norris is enrolled in a biology class. 3) a. The longest three weeks of my life were when our aunt visited last summer.
Features of a Paragraph
Transition
I’ve had a real problem with my car leaking oil on the driveway I’ve had a real problem with my car leaking oil on the lately. First, there’s a pool of oil two thirds of the way up on both driveway lately. There’s a pool of oil two thirds of the way up on sides of the driveway. There’s another pool of oil inside the garage both sides of the driveway. There’s a pool of oil inside the garage where I park the car. After I clean the oil up. The next day it’s back where I park the car. I clean the oil up. The next day it’s back again. Finally, I took the car to a garage to have the oil changed again. I took the car to a garage to have the oil changed and the and the leak topped. However, the problem was more difficult leak topped. The problem was more difficult than I’d expected. than I’d expected. The rear main bearing seal was leaking, but to The rear main bearing seal was leaking, but to replace it, the replace it, the engine would have to be pulled. I couldn’t afford that, engine would have to be pulled. I couldn’t afford that, so I had to so I had to wait and save up some money. In the meantime, I put wait and save up some money. I put three oil pans on the spots three oil pans on the spots where the car leaks oil when it’s parked. where the car leaks oil when it’s parked. I can’t think of any I can’t think of any other solution for now. other solution for now.