瞬间动词与延续性动词学习资料
瞬间动词与延续性动词
__________ I have bought this book for three months.x had √ 1.直接转化成延续性动词 1.直接转化成延续性动词
buy
have
catch (get) a cold
以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。 以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。 另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部 另外，还可用其它表示方法， 分瞬间动词。 分瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延 续的动词或者表状态的be+名词 形容词或副词／ 名词／ 续的动词或者表状态的be+名词／形容词或副词／ 介词短语等。 介词短语等。
瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表 瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时， 示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但 示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“ left.”但 不能说“ years.” 不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达 他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法： “他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法： ago,使用一般过去时 使用一般过去时。 一、用ago,使用一般过去时。 He left here three years ago. ago. +一段时间 一段时间＋ 二、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ” It is three years since he left here. 一段时间＋ 三、用“ 一段时间＋have/ has passed + since + 一 般过去时从句” 般过去时从句” Three years have passed since he left here.
瞬间动词和延续性动词
一．瞬间动词和延续性动词的含义及用法瞬间动词（非延续性动词或短暂性动词）：是指动作在很短时间内完成, 无延续性。
如come go 等终止性动词和延续性动词：延续性动词: live ,run, stay, clean ,play ,hold ,watch ,teach, read ,study, teach ,eat ,drink ,write ,dance , sing ,smoke瞬间性动词:open, stop ,like ,love ,die ,win ,close ,shot ,begin ,start enter ,finish1.终止性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。
如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell ,start,stop等。
终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用，因为否定本身就是可以延续的。
如：have a cold是持续性动词，表示“状态”，可与表延续性的时间状语连用，不定冠词不能省略。
I′ve had a cold since my arrival.I didn′t go to school because I had had a bad cold for days.catch / take ，get a cold是短暂性动作，表“动态”：它不能和延续性时间状语连用，不定冠词“a”可有可无，catch可用代替。
Put on your coat ,or you′ll catch / take / get a cold.Take care not to get cold.但是，若cold前有形容词修饰时，则不定冠词不能省。
如：Brown has taken a slight cold.注意下列句子：I have caught a cold for over a week.(×)I have had a cold for over a week.( )2. 延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。
瞬间动词和延续性动词
一．瞬间动词和延续性动词的含义及用法瞬间动词（非延续性动词或短暂性动词）：是指动作在很短时间内完成, 无延续性。
如come go 等终止性动词和延续性动词：延续性动词: live ,run, stay, clean ,play ,hold ,watch ,teach, read ,study, teach ,eat ,drink ,write ,dance , sing ,smoke瞬间性动词:open, stop ,like ,love ,die ,win ,close ,shot ,begin ,start enter ,finish1.终止性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。
如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell ,start,stop等。
终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用，因为否定本身就是可以延续的。
如：have a cold是持续性动词，表示“状态”，可与表延续性的时间状语连用，不定冠词不能省略。
I′ve had a cold since my arrival.I didn′t go to school because I had had a bad cold for days.catch / take ，get a cold是短暂性动作，表“动态”：它不能和延续性时间状语连用，不定冠词“a”可有可无，catch可用代替。
Put on your coat ,or you′ll catch / take / get a cold.Take care not to get cold.但是，若cold前有形容词修饰时，则不定冠词不能省。
如：Brown has taken a slight cold.注意下列句子：I have caught a cold for over a week.(×)I have had a cold for over a week.( )2. 延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。
瞬间动词与延续性动词学习资料共30页
56、书不仅是生活，而且是现在、过 去和未 来文化 生活的 源泉。 ——库 法耶夫 57、生命不可能有两次，但许多人连一 次也不 善于度 过。— —吕凯 特 58、问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来 。—— 朱熹 59、我的努力求学没有得到别的好处， 只不过 是愈来 愈发觉 自己的 无知。 ——笛 卡儿
瞬间动词与延续性动词学习资料
16、自己选择的路、跪着也要把它走 完。 17、一般情况下)不想三年 辉煌。
18、敢于向黑暗宣战的人，心里必须 充满光 明。 19、学习的关键--重复。
20、懦弱的人只会裹足不前，莽撞的 人只能 引为烧 身，只 有真正 勇敢的 人才能 所向披 靡。
拉
60、生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地 走到底 ，决不 回头。 ——左
瞬间动词变延续性动词
英语中瞬间动词和延续性动词一、瞬间动词和延续性动词的含义及用法：1.瞬间动词是指动作短暂、不长久的动词，如begin, become, sell, buy, borrow等。
其用法有：①常与点时间连用。
例如：She often goes to bed at ten.她经常十点钟睡觉。
②不能与段时间连用。
例如：He has joined the army for two years. (×)She has come here for half an hour. (×)2.延续性动词是指长久的、可以延续的动词，如sleep, know, keep, wait, study等。
其用法为：①常与段时间连用。
例如：Mr Zhang has lived here for two years.张先生在这儿住了两年了。
He has taught there since 1987.自1987年来他一直在那儿教书。
②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat等除外)。
例如：Mary has worked at eight. (×)She walked at five yesterday.(×)二、非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：三、①、用相应的延续性动词；四、buy ------ have, borrow ----- keep, put on ------ wear,五、 catch/get a cold ------ have a cold, come/go/become ------ be.六、②、转换成 be＋名词;七、join the Party ------ be a Party member,八、join the army ------ be a soldier,九、go to school ------ be a student.十、③、转换成be + 介词短语 :十一、go to school ------ be in school,十二、join the army ------ be in the army.十三、④、转换成be + adj./adv. :十四、die ------ be dead, finish ------ be over,十五、begin/start ------ be on, leave (…) ------ be away (from), 十六、close ------ be closed, open ------ be open, fall asleep ------ be asleep.十七、常见的瞬间动词变为延续性动词：1、go——be away2、come/arrive——be here3、come back——be back4、leave——be away（be not here）5、buy——have6、borrow——keep7、die——be dead8、begin——be on 9、finish/end——be over 10、open——be open11、close——be closed 12、lose——be lost 13、get to know——know 14、 turn on——be on 15、get up——be up 16、sit down——sit/be seated 17、join——be in（…）或be a…member 18、become——be a19、marry—— be marrie 20、fall asleep——be asleep 21、put on——be in /wear22、catch a cold——have a cold 23、go out——be ou例句：1、他买了这本书两年了。
“瞬间动词(也叫‘短暂动词’)” 和 “延续性动词”
④我成为一个学生两年多了.
I have been a student for over two years. I became a student two years ago.
⑤ Mr Black死了三年了。
Mr Black has been dead for three years. Mr Black died three years ago.
瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表 示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但 不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达 “他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法： 一、用ago,使用一般过去时。
He left here three years ago. 二、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ”
been dead
e.g.他自从1985就参军了。 He has been a soldier since 1985. He has been in the army since 1985.
一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句
①.我们买这本书三年了.
We have had the book for three years. We bought the book three years ago.
like live move
liked lived moved
一、A A A 型 原形、过去式和过去分词同形：
cost cut hit hurt set put shut read let
不规则动词的过去分词
三式相同
二、A B B 型 过去式和过去分词同形：
bring buy think teach catch build
延续性动词和短暂性动词笔记
持续动词与瞬间动词英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。
持续性动词表示一个动作可持续一段时间，此类动词有do, live, have, keep, wear, sleep, wait, work, play, stay, know, sing, dance, write, study, rest, talk, walk等.瞬时性动词表示不能持续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束，此类动词有open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, leave, move, borrow, buy, die, lend, join, catch, get, win, fail等一、持续性动词表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。
常见的有study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write,clean, slean, sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, write, sit, stand, lie, keep等。
二、瞬间性动词表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。
亦称终止性动词。
常见的有begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter,hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up,set out, put on, get on/off等。
以上已集中了初中教材的大部分持续性动词及瞬间性动词。
三、用法1、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，而瞬间性动词则不能。
例如：His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour.（他的父母跟老师谈了半个小时。
(完整word版)延续性动词与瞬间动词的转换
延续性动词与瞬间动词的转换一、瞬间动词也叫短暂性动词或终止性动词。
这种动词是指它们动作的开始也就意味着动作的结束，所以不能直接跟表示一段的时间状语（比如for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语或用how long 来提问）连用。
那么，如何使瞬间动词与表示一段时间的状语连用呢？此时，我们可以将当短暂性动词与一段时间连用时，就要转化为延续性动词。
二、瞬间动词与延续性动词的区别：1、用于完成时的区别1）延续动词表示经验、经历；2）瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段的时间状语连用。
eg. 1.He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。
(表结果)2.I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。
(表经历)2、用于till和until从句的差异1）延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做……，直到……”2）瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到……，才……”eg. 1.He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10点才回来。
2.He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10点。
三、瞬间动词到延续性动词的转换：这里对一些词做一些总结：瞬间动词可转换的延续性动词（组）arrive be herebegin/start be ondie be deadfall ill/sick/asleep be ill/sick/asleepget up be upgo out be outfinish be overput on wear或be onopen be open(adj.)join be in或bea member of…close be closedgo to school be a studentborrow keepbuy havecatch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studycome to work workget up be upleave be away from如：1.He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。
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Three years have passed since he left here.
以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。
另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部 分瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延 续的动词或者表状态的be+名词／形容词或副词／ 介词短语等。
③自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书. I have kept the book since last week. I borrowed the book last week.
④我成为一个学生两年多了. I have been a student for over two years. I became a student two years ago.
瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表 示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但 不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达 “他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法：
一、用ago,使用一般过去时。
He left here three years ago. 二、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ”
瞬间动词与延续性动词
同理， “borrow sth” “借书”在办理了相关的 ‘登记’手续后就 结束了，不可能“借” 几个星期
或好几年的！ 汉语“这本书我已经借用了2星期了。” 的意思是：
“我两周前 （borrowed it），（在归还前）现在 它还在我手里（I still have it or I’m still reading it.）
2.转换成be+名词/介词短语
join the army be a soldier / be in the army join the Party be a Party member / be in the Party
go to school be a student ／be in school e.g.他去世五年了。 arrive/come/reach be in /at +地点
arrive, come, reach out of
join, become buy, get(得到)
be here , be in + 某地
fall ill (asleep)
be in , be a (an) +
finish, end
n.
begin , start
have
begin to learn (work ,read，rain)
He has d__i_e_d_ for five years. x stay
3转换成beb+e形en容d词ead或副词
die be dead finish
be over begin/start be on
leபைடு நூலகம்ve be away fall asleep/ill be asleep/ill
from(地点) close be closed open be open go out be out
Right or Wrong?
(Wrong)
A: I have borrowed the book for two we(Rekigsh.t)
B: I have had / kept it for two weeks.(Right) C: It’s 2 weeks since I borrowed it. D: I borrowed it 2 weeks ago. (Right)
be ill (asleep) be over
go out
be on
get up
learn, work , read,
borrow
rain
get to know
be out
die
be up
lose
keep
1. His grandfather has died for ten years.(F) His grandfather has been dead for ten years.(T)
在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将短暂性动词转化为相同意义的延续性动词或状态动词。 ：
2. My brother has joined the army for five years.(F) My brother has been in the army for five years.(T) My brother has been an armyman for ten years.(F)
e.g.这本书我买了三个月了。
I have b__o__u__g__h__t this book for three months.x had √
1.直接转化成延续性动词
buy have catch (get) a cold have a cold
borrow/lend keep come/go /become be put on wear
3. He has gone away for a week.(F) He has been away for a week.(T)
4. The film has begun for fifteen minutes.(F) The film has been on for fifteen minutes.(T)
get up be up
e.g.他自从1985就参军了。 He has been a soldier since 1985.
He has been in the army since 1985. 初中英语中常见的有：
短暂性动词
延续性动词
go, leave, move
be away (off), be
一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句
①.我们买这本书三年了.
We have had the book for three years. We bought the book three years ago.
②他感冒三天了.
He has had a cold for three days.
He caught a cold three days ago.