初中英语形容词和副词练习.doc 1

形容词一.定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。

二.注意：（1）有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。

例如：Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone.(2)当形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。

例如：You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room.(3)多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。

例如：His grandpa still lives in this small short house. 他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。

The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。

(4)形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。

这类词有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。

例如：The young should take good care of the old. 年轻人应该好好照顾老人。

三．以-ly结尾的形容词1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。

但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。

2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。

如：The Times is a weekly paper. 《时代周刊》为周刊。

The Times is published weekly. 《时代周刊》每周发行一期。

四、比较级：（1）原级比较；当表示“A和B一样\不一样”时：用A +be+ as +adj.原级+as +B 结构；当表示“A是B的……倍”时，用A +be+倍数+ as +adj.原级+as +B 结构；当表示“A是B的一半”时，用A +be+ half + as +adj.原级+as +B 结构；(2)两者之间比较时，用A +be+ 形容词比较级+B 结构；如：My room is bigger than hisroom.(3) 当三者或多个对象比较时，用A +be+ the +形容词最高级+of+名词复数；如：Tom is the highest students in our class;（4）表示“越……，越……”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”；（5）表示“越来越……”时，用“比较级+比较级”结构；（6）表示“最……的……之一”时，用“one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数”机构；【注意】：这些程度副词a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等可修饰比较级，放在其前；五：形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成：单音节词的比较级在词后+ er; 最高级+ est; 如：long—longer—longest;多音节词的比较级在词前+ more 最高级在词前+ most 如：beautiful—more beautiful—mostbeautiful;副词一、副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。

二、副词的分类：（1）时间副词：today, now, already, soon, yet..等；(2) 地点副词：here,there, home, out..等；(3) 方式副词：well, quietly, quickly…等；(4) 程度副词：much, rather, too, enough…等；(5) 疑问副词\关系副词：when, where, how, why…等；（6）频度副词：often, hardly, usually, never, once..等；(6) 其他副词：perhaps, also, only…等；三、副词的位置：1）在实义动词之前。

2）在be动词、助动词之后。

3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

【注意】： a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。

例如：We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。

b. 方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。

例如：He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。

四、副词的排列顺序：1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。

2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。

例如：Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些，仔细一些3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

【注意】：(1) 副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。

(2) 副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。

例如：I don\'t know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。

There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。

五、兼有两种形式的副词1）close与closely: close意思是"近"；closely 意思是"仔细地"。

例如：He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。

Watch him closely. 盯着他。

2）late 与lately: late意思是\"晚\"；lately 意思是\"最近\"。

例如：You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。

What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗？3）deep与deeply: deep意思是\"深\"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，\"深深地\"。

例如：He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。

Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。

4）high与highly: high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。

例如：The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。

I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。

5）wide与widely: wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是\"广泛地\"，\"在许多地方\"。

例如：He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。

English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。

6）free与freely: free的意思是\"免费\"；freely 的意思是\"无限制地\"。

例如：You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候，我这饭馆免费对你开放。

六、各种类型副词的位置英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同，它的位置比较灵活。

通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。

下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法：（1）多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。

如：He runs slowly.（2）时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。

如：They went to the park yesterday morning.I heard him sing English songs over there.【注意】：有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首，起强调作用。

如：Yesterday I got up late. 昨天我起床很晚。

（3）频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前。

如：He is seldom ill.You must always remember this.I often write to my parents.【注意】：有时为了加强语气，频度副词也可放在句首。

如：Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.（4）程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相同，修饰形容词和副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。

如：I nearly missed the bus.（5）否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。

如：She seldom goes out at night. 她晚上很少出门。

I am never late for school. 我上学从不迟到。

（6）疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。

如：When can you come?你什么时候来？（7）同时存在时间和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。

如：The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。

如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等；( ) 1. The day is bright and ______. Let’s go for a walk.A. sunnyB. darkC. cloudyD. windy( ) 2. The ice in the lake is about one meter ______. It’s strong enough to skate on.A. longB. highC. thickD. wide( ) 3. -Can you speak Chinese, Peter ? -Yes, but only ______.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few( ) 4. - ______ will Mr. Green go back to London? - In two weeks.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soonD. How far( ) 5. Some young people are now ______ to buy private cars.A. rather richB. very richC. rich enoughD. enough rich( ) 6. It’s ______ nice of you to help him.A. trueB. trulyC. realD. really( ) 7. Don’t go out. It’s raining ______.A. quicklyB. heavilyC. loudlyD. hardly( ) 8. - We are going to see a film this evening. Why not go with us?- I have to do many things this evening. I’m ______, you see.A. freeB. gladC. sorryD. busy( ) 9. Look ! ______ beautiful that lake is !A. WhatB. HowC. How aD. What a( ) 10. - I’m sure I’ve got a bad cold.- Take this medicine, and you’ll feel ______.A. healthyB. bestC. goodD. much better( ) 11. –Excuse me, can you show me ______ to run the machine? - Certainly.A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where( ) 12. I’m still hungry. Could I have two ______ pieces of bread, please?A. muchB. manyC. moreD. most( ) 13. - ______ do you have an English party ? - Twice a year.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soonD. When( ) 14. - Who did it better, Bill or Henry?- I think Bill did just ______ Henry.A. as well asB. as good asC. as better asD. more badly than ( ) 15. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was ______ that nobody could answer it.A. very difficultB. too difficultC. difficult enoughD. so difficult ( ) 16. Lucy said she hadn’t heard ______ music before.A. such a beautiful piece ofB. a beautifulC. so beautiful aD. such a wonderful( ) 17. I bought ______ exercise - books with ______ money.A. a few, a fewB. a few, a littleC. a little, a fewD. a little, a little ( ) 18. Li Ming did his homework ______. So he left school last.A. easilyB. quicklyC. happilyD. slowly( ) 19. - My watch doesn’t work.. Could you mend it, please?- Sorry. But the workers in that watch shop may be ______.A. kindB. friendlyC. niceD. helpful( ) 20. I can’t say ______ I want to see you again. It’s a year since I last saw you.A. how oftenB. how longC. how muchD. how soon1~5 ACCCC 6~10 DBDBD 11~15 BCAAD 16~20 ABDDC( ) 1. The ______ boy was taken to the nearest hospital.A. illB. sickC. goodD. clever( ) 2. We are ______ of the work.A. illB. sickC. fullD. filled( ) 3. He has not been at school, because he is ______.A. illB. wellC. fineD. nice( ) 4. At last it made them ______.A. happilyB. quicklyC. friendlyD. slowly( ) 5. We had a ______ meal yesterday evening.A. livelyB. likelyC. lovelyD. love( ) 6. It is raining hard. He is ______ to be late.A. lovelyB. likely'C. livelyD. friendly( ) 7. I This book is very good. It ______ buying.A. worthsB. is worthC. worthD. is worthing( ) 8. The film is very interesting. It is worth ______ a second time.A. seeingB. seeC. to seeD. seen1~5 BBACA 6~10 BBADB 11~15 DCBBC 16~20 ACABA。