初中被动语态详细讲解.

初中被动语态详细讲解.
初中被动语态详细讲解.

语法专练---被动语态

一、语态概述

我吃了一个苹果,那现在苹果怎样了?苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句,英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。例如:Many people speak English.

谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。

及物动词---本身意义不完整,后必须带宾语,有些还可以带双宾。

不及物动词---本身意义完整,不需要带宾语,如带宾语必须通过介词。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时:am/is/are+eaten 一般过去时:was/were+eaten

一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+eaten 过去将来时:would/should/be going to be+eaten

现在进行时:am/is/are being+eaten 过去进行时:was/were being+eaten

现在完成时:have/has been+eaten 过去完成时:had been+eaten

歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。

三、被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如:some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。(没有必要或说出出版者)

(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。

例如:The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。

(3) 为了更好地安排句子。

例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了)

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如:

All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people.

They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory.

歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。

五、含有情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。歌诀是:情态动词变动,情态加be加“过分”。例如:

we can repair this watch in two days. --This watch can be repaired in two days.

We must finish this work soon. --This work must be done soon.

六、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.

(1)时态保持一致。I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.

(2)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。

His best friend often looks after him. --He is often looked after by his best friend. (3)主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。动词make/buy//get用for;动词give//send/lend/take用to)

Vivian gave me a book. (双宾语,人间物直, me为间接宾语,a book 为直接宾语)

-- I was given a book by Vivian.

--A book was given to me by Vivian.(直接宾语提前时,要在间接宾语前加介词)

(4)主动语态若有复合宾语,(即句子结构为主+及物动词+宾+宾补),将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,宾补不变。They call him Louis. --He is called Louis.

(5)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. (6)主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel等变成被动语态时,后面的不定式需要加上to.

Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. --He was made to wash the dishes.

(7)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

(8)非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。

例I don't like being laughed at in the public.

(9)It is said that+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。有:It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道,It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…众所周知,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggest ed that…据建议。

例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )

七、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义

1、(1).英语中有很多动词如 break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

例 This kind of cloth washes well.

注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较:The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病)

The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)

(2)表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。

例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?

(3)系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

例Your reason sounds reasonable

2、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

(1)在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

例The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。

(2)形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)(3)动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。) 试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)

(4)在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。

例This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).

(5)在too… to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.

(6)在there be…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。

例There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用 to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁 lost time不明确。)

(7)在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?

八、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义

表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词。

(1)“under +名词”结构,表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有:under control(受控制), under treatment (在治疗中), under repair(在修理中), under discussion(在讨论中), under construction(在施工中)。

例The building is under construction( is being constructed).

(2)“beyond+名词”结构,“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有:beyond belief (令人难以置信),beyond one’s reach(鞭长莫及),beyond on e’s control(无法控制),beyond our hope.我们的成功始料不及。

例The rumour is beyond belief(=can’t be believed).

(3)“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”。

例His honest character is above all praise.=His honest character cannot be praised enough.(4)“for+名词”结构,表示“适于……、为着……”。如:for sale(出售), for rent(出租)等。

例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).

(5)“in+名词”结构,表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有:in print(在印刷中),in sight(在视野范围内),等。

例The book is not yet in print.(=is not yet printed)

(6)“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。常见的有:on sale(出售),on show(展出), on trial (受审)。

例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).

(7)“out of+名词”结构;表示“超出…… 之外“,常见的有:out of control (控制不了),out of sight (超出视线之外),out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。

例 The plane w as out of control (can’t be controlled).。

(8)“within+名词”结构,“在……内、不超过……”。

例He took two days off within the teacher's permission

初中被动语态讲解

初中被动语态讲解 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

被动语态 一.概念: 英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态(The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 例:1. They make trains in Xi’an. >> Trains are made in Xi’an by them. 2.Xm beats Xx evey day. >> Xx is beaten by Xm every day. 二.构成 be + done (p.p.--及物动词的过去分词) 一般现在时—— am/is /are + v.p.p. 一般过去时—— was/were +v.p.p. 一般将来时—— will be/be going to be + v.p.p. 过去将来时——would be/was,were going to be + v.p.p 现在进行时——am/is/are being + v.p.p. 过去进行时——was/were being+ v.p.p. 现在完成时—— have/has +been+ v.p.p 情态动词—— aux.v. (must/can/could/may…) + be + v.p.p. 三.被动语态的使用 1. 当我们不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时; 例:1. His car was stolen last night. 2. Basketball is played in most countries. 2. 动作的承受者是谈话的中心(常由by引起) 例:1. A lot of articles (that) we have learned were written by Lu Xun. 四.不用被动语态的情况 1. 某些及物动词+ adv表主动,特别是后加副词(如well, easily等)时。主动语态有被动含义,这类动词常见的有sell,write,wear,wash,photograph, clean, cook, cut 例:1. This book sells well. 2.Your pen writes really well/smoothly. 3.This dress (that) my mom bought for me wears well 4.She does not photograph well. 5.The cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 句子是主谓结构时,不用被动语态。常见的谓语动词有:happen, take place, (dis)appear, rise, break out, come about, come true, come out, run out, turn out 例:1. A traffic accident happened just now. 2. Great changes are taking place in my hometown. 3. He disappears. 4. When a gay person comes out, they let people know that he is a gay. 3. 连系动词无被动:感官系动词:look、feel、sound、smell、taste “表变化的系 动词”:become、grow、turn、fall、get “表保持的系动词”:keep, reamain, stay ④ prove + 形容词,名词或不定式 五.注意

初中被动语态详细讲解上课讲义

初中被动语态详细讲 解

语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果,那现在苹果怎样了?苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句,英语中的“被 字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形 式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。例如:Many people speak English. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例 如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整,后必须带宾语,有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整,不需要带宾语,如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的 构成。 一般现在时:am/is/are+eaten 一般过去时:was/were+eaten 一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+eaten 过去将来时:would/should/be going to be+eaten 现在进行时:am/is/are being+eaten 过去进行时:was/were being+eaten 现在完成时:have/has been+eaten 过去完成时:had been+eaten 歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如:some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电 脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。(没有必要或说出出版者) (2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 例如:The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保 证。 歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语 就够了) 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的 形式)。

初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态,列表如下:一般现在时:am / is / are + done 一般过去时:was / were + done 一般将来时:shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时:should / would + be done 现在进行时:am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时:was / were + being + done 现在完成时:have / has + been + done 过去完成时:had + been + done 将来完成时:shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时:should / would + have been + done [注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时: (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时: (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时: (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时: (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时:

初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)

被动语态专题 ◆定义 语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间的关系。 主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 ◆被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 ◆被动语态的时态: “主动语态变被动语态,时态不变动”,即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。请看下表: ◆主动语态变被动语态的方法 第一步:先确定主动句的主、谓、宾,找出其中的谓语动词。 第二步:把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词,变宾格为主格。 第三步:把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”,时态不变。 第四步:把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时,“by+宾语”在句中常省略。),若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格。

请对比下面的主动句和被动句: 主动语态:They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China. 被动语态:Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China. 随堂演练(把下列句型改为被动句) 1.Bruce writes a letter every week. → 2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. → 3.We grow trees every spring. → 4.My mother cleans our room every morning. → 补充: ①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时,可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为主语,需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。 用to的常见词有:give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring ……. 用for的常见词有:design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook …… to him by Mary. for her by her father. 随堂演练: (1)He gave me a book. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语) (2)My father bought me a new bike. →____________________________________(间接宾语作主语) →____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)

初中被动语态讲解及练习

被动语态 一、概念: 语态是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态。 二、主动句变为被动句的步骤: 1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态则保持不变。 3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现(注代词的宾格),如不需要则可省略。 4.其它的成分(定语、状语)不变。 三、被动语态的用法: 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 We clean our classroom every day. My mother asks me to study hard. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 7. 不定式的被动语态:to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. There are twenty more trees to be planted. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词 不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动 语态时,须加上to 。例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,可以使用直接宾语也可以使用间接宾语作被动语态句子的主语。使用直接宾语(物)作主语时,要在动词后加上介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book. →A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket. →A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.

初中英语动词的主动语态和被动语态讲解

动词的主动语态和被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求: 中考要求掌握:动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用,不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态,主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者;被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如:We often clean the blackboard.(我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态)The blackboard is often cleaned by us.(黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态)。 1.被动语态的结构 一般现在时:am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时:was / were +及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时:will / shall be +及物动词的过去分词 现在完成时:have / has been +及物动词的过去分词 现在进行时:am / is / are being +及物动词的过去分词 过去完成时:had been +及物动词的过去分词 如:Youare wantedon the phone.有你的电话。 Chinawas liberatedin 1949. 1949年中国解放。 The problemwill be discussedtomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 Not a book in the libraryhas been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。 My bikeis being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。

The bookhad been borrowedwhen I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转换 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词),根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。 如:All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. →A tree was cut down by him. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他

初中被动语态详细讲解.

语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果,那现在苹果怎样了?苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句,英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。例如:Many people speak English. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整,后必须带宾语,有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整,不需要带宾语,如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时:am/is/are+eaten 一般过去时:was/were+eaten 一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+eaten 过去将来时:would/should/be going to be+eaten 现在进行时:am/is/are being+eaten 过去进行时:was/were being+eaten 现在完成时:have/has been+eaten 过去完成时:had been+eaten 歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如:some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。(没有必要或说出出版者) (2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 例如:The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了) 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如: All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态

初中英语被动语态讲解原版教学文案

初中英语被动语态讲 解原版

初中英语被动语态讲解原版 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为: 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here. 4) was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.[少儿英语口语的提高,如果方法对还是很快的,最好的方法就是让他沉浸在一 个英语的环境中,现在最多人用的类似UIABC 这样的外教一对一教学平台,在一对一的教学中 建立一个纯正的说英语环境,15元/节的价格,也是还算比较经济的。] 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用) 例The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语 变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为 被动结构时,要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能 省略。

初中英语被动语态的讲解

初中英语被动语态的讲解 定义:英语中有两重语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中的主语是动作的执行者,被动语态中的主语是动作的承受者,即主动语态中的宾语。所以只有及物动词才有被动语态。 规则:被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。第一,助动词be 要随着人称和数的变化而变化,第二,助动词be 要随着时态的变化而变化。 一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化以do 为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为: 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2)was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 3)shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 4)am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here. 5)was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 6)should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 7)has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 8)had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July. 2.被动语态句型变化肯定句主语+be+过去分词,否定句主语+be not+过去分词,一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词,特殊疑问句疑问词+be+主语+过去分词。 3.被动语态的特殊形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 双宾语结构。主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍

新初中英语语法知识—被动语态的图文解析(2)

一、选择题 1.—When can we go to watch the football match? —Not until the work________tomorrow. A.will be done B.has done C.is done D.does 2.Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it. A.is offered B.offered C.was offered D.has offered 3.His plays by millions of people. A.read B.will read C.are read D.is read 4.It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A.used for B.will be used up C.used up D.will be used for 5.The Wandering Earth wins high praise from the public. I think the movie is well worth _____. A.watch B.to watch C.watching D.watched 6.Last year, the first made-in-China ballpoint pen tips(圆珠笔笔头)were _________ by Taiyuan Iron(铁)&Steel. A.divided B.required C.produced 7.When Tim ________ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A.was asked B.asked C.was asking D.is asked 8.This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A.use B.uses C.is using D.is uesd 9.A new zoo in our town center next month. I think it will be a good place for the teenagers to see the animals. A.build B.will build C.will be built 10.—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A.is held B.was held C.will be held 11.The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________. A.invents B.invented C.is invented D.was invented 12.May to the party. She enjoyed herself with us. A.invites B.is invited C.was invited D.has invited 13.Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it. A.wasted B.are wasted C.is wasted D.was wasted 14.We hope that more trees________in our city next year. A.plant B.were planted C.planted D.will be planted 15.All the kids here .

初中主动语态与被动语态讲解

主动语态与被动语态 一.概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 二.被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 三.被动语态的时态:以为work 例: 1. 一般现在时: am / is/are+ worked 2. 一般过去时: was / were+ worked 3. 一般将来时: shall / will +be+ worked 4. 过去将来时: should / would+be+ worked 5. 现在进行时: am /is/are+ being+ worked 6. 过去进行时: was /were+ being+ worked 7. 现在完成时: have/has+ been+ worked 8. 过去完成时: had +been+ worked 9. 将来完成时: shall/ will +have been +worked 10. 过去将来完成时: should/would +have been+ worked 11. 情态动词(can/may/must/should etc.)+be+动词的过去分词 四.用法:当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或者没有必要指出谁是动作 的执行者时或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。 五.方法:Many people speak English.(主动语态) English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)

六. 注意以下问题: A. 带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时,可以把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语,若将直接宾语(sth.)变为主语,须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加上介词to或for 用to的常见词有:give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc. 用for的常见词有:make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc. eg. 1. Mary gave him some books. He was given some books by Mary. Some books were given to him by Mary. 2. Her father bought her a new bike. She was bought a new bike by her father. A new bike was bought for her by her father. B.带复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的动词变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语不可变为主语。 eg. 1. We call her Gina. She is called Gina (by us). 2. They made me happy. I was made happy( by them). 3. He asked me to come here. I was asked to come here (by him)

初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案

被动语态 (1)含有情态动词的被动语态 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. (2)特殊情况 1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. →The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday. 2.Mother never lets me watch TV . →I am never let to watch TV by mother. 3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now. →(1)A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. →(2)Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now. 常见的句型结构: It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......)that......大家同意(相信、决定、希望、认为)...... It is(was)well known that......众所周知 It is(was)taken for granted that......被视为当然 It must be remembered that......务必记住...... It mustn’t be forgotten that......千万别忘记...... It is(was)said(reported,heard,told,suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......) 二、典型例题 ()1.The Olympic Games ___________every four years. A are held B were held C.are holding D.will ho1d ()2. In the art show,a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings.A.is giving B is given C will give D has given ()3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _________in. many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught ()4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, ________as "People's Writer". A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards ()5. Usually computers _________to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used ()6. --Do you often clean your classroom? --Yes. Our classroom __________every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned

相关文档
最新文档