初中英语时态用法总结及练习[1]

英语动词时态的用法及练习

一般现在时

一般现在时基本用法介绍

一般现在时的功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：

天空是蓝色的。___________________ 你是一位学生.______________________

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：我每天六点起床.___________________________

我们每天读英语._________________________________________

3.表示客观现实。如：地球绕着太阳转。______________________________________

一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：

我是一个男孩。_____________________ 这是我的书包。______________________

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：

我们学习英语._________________ 我每天步行上学。______________________________

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：玛丽喜欢汉语_______________ 她说英语。__________________________

一般现在时的变化：1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

如：他不是工人。_____________________ 我们不是工人。______________________

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。

如：-Are you a student? --- Is Li Ping a teacher?

___________________________ ___________________________________

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：我的自行车在哪里？Where is my bike ?

这是什么？___________________ 你多大________________________________

2.行为动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：

我不喜欢面包。_______________________ 他们不踢足球。___________________________

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：

他不喜欢汉语。______________________ 她不踢足球。_____________________________

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：

你常常踢足球吗？______________________________ - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：

她骑自行车上班吗?__________________________ - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：你父亲是怎样上班的？_____________________? 他坐公共汽车上班。_______________

动词+s的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

一般现在时用法专练:

一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink________go____________stay____________make__________look________have____________pass__________ carry _________come___________ watch___________ plant_____________ fly ___________study___________ brush____________ do_____________ teach__________

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ______(have) dinner at home.

2.Daniel and Tommy ________(be) in Class One.

3.We ___________(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. Nick ___________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _____(do) your homework well.

16. She __________(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often ____________(watch) TV in the evening.

20. －What day ____________(be) it today? －It’s Saturday.

三、按照要求改写句子

1. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)___________________________________________

2. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)______________________________________

3. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)__________________________________________________________

4. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________________

5. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)______________________________________________________

6. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________________

四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

3. He like playing games after class. __________________

4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________

二、现在进行时

1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为:主语+ be（am ,is,are）+ 动词ing + …

玲玲正在搬一只箱子。_______________________. 那些男孩正在骑自行车。______________

3．现在进行时的否定句为：主语+ be（am ,is,are）not + 动词ing + …

那些女孩不是在买热狗。____________________.她不是正在写信。_____________________

4．现在进行时的一般疑问句为：Be(Am ,Is, Are) +主语+ 动词ing + … ?

李磊正在做作业吗？_____________________________? Yes,________\ No, ___________.

5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be(am \is\are) +主语+ 动词ing + … ?

他正在那边干什么？___________________________?他在找他的书。__________________

但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词ing + …?

谁在房里唱歌？________________________? 是我姐姐。______________________________

动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook---cooking work---working

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write________ski___________ read__________have_________sing______dance_________put_________see________begin________shop___________ buy________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________

二.填空:（用现在进行时态完成）

1. She ______ __________ (walk) now.

2. They ___ _____ (sitt) on the chair.

3. Cindy ____ _________ (watch) TV.

4. Joe ___ _____ (water) in the garden.

5. Look, Nick ____ _____ (come).

6. Listen, she ____ _____ ( sing).

7. Look, the girl ____ _____ (run). 8.My mother and my father ____ _____ (dance).

三.根据汉语意思填空:

1.你要去哪儿啊? Where are you _____?

2.Nick 正在爬攀登架. Nick ______________ (climb) the jungle gym.

3.他们正在读书. They ____________ books now.

4. 爷爷正在吸烟. Grandpa _________________(smoke).

5.我在做作业. I _______________ (do) my homework.

6.我妈妈正在做饭.My mother ______________(cook).

7.Jerry在喝柠檬果汁. Jerry ______________ lemon juice. 8.他正在写信. He ________________ a letter.

四.填入be动词的适当形式

1.He _____ drinking water.

2.The eagle _____ flying in the sky.

3.Children _____ playing in the playground.

4.They _____ working now.

5.I _____ going to the supermarket.

五、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now. 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

六、句型转换：

1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．I’m playing football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _____________________________________________ 4．Tom is reading books in his room. (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________ 七．用动词的适当形式填空（现在进行时与一般现在时对比练习）

1.She ______________ (go) to school at eight o’clock.

2. It’s six o’clock. They are _____________ supper. (eat)

3.He usually _______________ up at 6:00.(get )

4. She __________________ (live) in Beijing.

5.They are ______________ (dig) a hole (洞).

6. My father _______________ (mend) his model(模型) plane these days.

九.造句:

1).she,the window,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)________________________________

2).is,who,the window,cleaning?(连词成句)__________________________________________

3).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)______________________________________

4.)You are doing your homework.(用"I"作主语改写句子)_____________________________

5).they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)__________________________

6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句)_________________

十、用括号中动词的适当形式填空：

1. My parents ____________________（watch）TV now.

2. What _______ your mother _______（do）now?

3. _______ you _______（listen）to music? Yes, I am.

4. Look, Miss Chen __________________ football.（play）

5. Tom and his sister ____________（wait）for you over there.

6. Now Class 3 and Class 4_________（have）a test.

三、一般将来时理论及练习

一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorro w（后天）等。

二、基本结构：①主语+ be ( is , am , are) going to + do(动词原形) … ；

李平明天打算去购物。_________________________________________________________

我打算今晚看电视。__________________________________________________

他们这个周末要去公园。________________________________________________________

②主语+ will + do(动词原形)…

学生们将用计算机来学习。______________________________________________________

我们将会去拜访他。__________________________________________________

三、否定句：①主语+ be (is , am , are) not going to + do(动词原形) … .

李平明天不打算去购物。________________________________________________________

我不打算今晚看电视。________________________________________________

他们这个周末不去公园。________________________________________________________

②主语+ will not + do(动词原形)… .(will not = won’t)

学生们将不用计算机来学习。____________________________________________________

我们将不会去拜访他。________________________________________________

四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，

①Be (Is , Am , Are)主语+ going to + do(动词原形) … ?

李平明天打算去购物吗？_____________________________________? Yes , ___________

你打算今晚看电视吗? _____________________________? No, _____________

他们这个周末要去公园吗？__________________________________? No, ______________

② Will + 主语+ do(动词原形)… ?

学生们将用计算机来学习吗？_________________________________? Yes, _____________

你们将去拜访他吗？_____________________________? Yes,______________

五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →_____________________________?

2. 问干什么。What … do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this

afternoon. →______________________________________________________________?

3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →

__________________________________________________________________________?

练习：一、填空。

1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _______ have a picnic with my friends tomorrow. =I ________ have a picnic with my friends tomorrow. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ ____ play basketball.

= What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.

3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?

Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

二、改句子。

1. Nancy is going to go camping（野营）.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping.

2. I’ll go shopping this afternoon.（改否定）I ___________ go shopping this afternoon .

3. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）________ _______ ______ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）______ ___ she ______ _____ _____ after school?

6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)

_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

三、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.

2. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _____________(watch) TV and _______________(catch) insects(昆虫)?

3. Mary _____________________________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.

4. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.

5. My mother and I _____________________________(clean) our garden tomorrow.

6.Where ________ your parents ____________________________ (have) lunch tomorrow?

7 .She ________________________________(go fishing ) tomorrow.

四、一般过去时

1. 一般过去时态：表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。经常与yesterday（昨天）, last week（上周）, last month（上个月）, last year（去年）, two months ago（两个月前）, the day before yesterday （前天），in 1990 (在1990年), in those days （在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语连用。

如：_______________________ (我出生在1990年)。________________________________（你是什么时候去的公园?）_________________________________________.（我是上周去的公园）

在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态；第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。

2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）⑵ are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子. 否定句：didn’t +动词原形，

如：吉姆昨天没有回家。_______________________________________.

一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如.吉姆昨天回家了吗？__________________________? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：吉姆昨天干什么了？_______________________________?

⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？昨天谁回家了？________________________________?

动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

5．不规则动词过去式：

am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

一、写出下列动词的过去式

is,am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________

does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________

二、句型转换

1. It was exciting. 否定句：____________________

一般疑问句：______________________ 肯、否定回答：_______________________

2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_____________________________

一般疑问句：______________________________ 肯、否定回答：________________________________

3. They were in his pocket. 否定句：_____________________

一般疑问句：________________________ 肯、否定回答：_________________________________

三、用be动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ an English teacher now.

2. She _______ happy yesterday.

3. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.

4. They _______ glad to see each other last month.

5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.

6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.

7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.

8. Today _____

the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.

四、句型转换

1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_________________________________

一般疑问句：___________________________________ 肯、否定回答：_____________________

五、中译英

1．昨天我做了作业。______________________________________________

2．他上个礼拜去了公园。_____________________________________________

3．他们刚才在操场上玩。_______________________________________________

六、用行为动词的适当形式填空

1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.

2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.

3. We _____ (have) a party last night.

4. Nancy _______(pick) up oranges on the farm last week.

5. I _____ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.

6.They ______ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.

7._________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.

七、改错

1．How is Jane yesterday? _______________ 2．He go to school by bus last week. ___________________

3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _________________

4．I can fly kites seven years ago. __________________ 5．Did you saw my homework yesterday? ____________

九、写出下列动词的三单现、过去式和现在分词

go ______ _______ _________ enjoy _______ _______ ________begin______ ______ ______

buy ______ ______ _________ eat______ _______ _______ eat ______ _______ ______

get _______ _______ _______ walk ________ _______ ________ play ______ ______ _______

take______ ______ ______ dance_______ ________ _______study ______ ______ ________

write _______ ______ ______ run______ _______ _______ swim_______ _______ _______

五、现在完成时

1. 现在完成时结构：“主语+have/has+v过去分词”。“have/has”如何使用需记清。当主语是I,you和复数名词或代词时

要用have;第三人称单数主语后跟has。

现在完成时表示过去发生的与现在情况有关的事或状态，即动作发生在过去，而且已经完成；或动作发生在过去，并

且一直延续到现在，并且有可能继续延续下去。

现在完成时的时间状语：1.表示不确定的时间状语如already, ever, never, recently,just, yet , before等。

2.表示从过去某个时刻（或时间）一直延续到现在的时间状语，由“for+时间段”，“since+过去某个时间或since连接的

一般过去时的从句”,如for three years, since last autumn, since he came to China等。

现在完成时典型示例

㈠过去发生的与现在情况有关的事或状态，即动作发生在过去，而且已经完成，它强调对现在造成的影响或结果。常

于already, ever, never, recently, just, yet , before等表示不确定的时间状语连用。

1._____________________________________________ 我已经给他寄去信了。

2.______________________________________________ 她曾经看过这个电影。

3._______________________________________________ 他们买了新房子了。

㈡表示从过去某个时刻（或时间）一直延续到现在并且有可能继续下去的动作，常与“for+时间段”，“since+过去某个

时间或since连接的一个一般过去时的从句”连用,这时的动词必须是延续性的。

①________________________________________________ 我们学习英语已经三年了。

②________________________________________________ 自从他来到这里他就在这个工厂工作。

have / has been与have / has gone 的区别

1.have / has been 表示去过某地，说明有某种经历。

① ______________________________________ .以前我去过北京。

2.have / has gone到某地去了。（在途中或已经到了目的地）

①Where has he gone?他到哪里去了？

________________________________________ 他去青岛了。

②Where are they?他们在哪里？

_________________________________________.他们到日本去了。

七、现在完成时的句型变换

助动词提前变疑问，助动词后not变否定。

例句①I have already planted three trees . 否定句: _______________________________________ 疑问句: ___________________________________________(already用于肯定句中，yet用于否定句和一般疑问句中) 肯定回答：Yes, I have. 否定回答：No, I haven’t.

对three提问:___________________ trees have you planted already.

②He has been here since he left Beijing.

划线提问：____________________ has he been here?