高考英语语法知识点专题复习—动词及时态
广东高中英语语法知识点总结及高考考点分析
广东高中英语语法知识点总结及高考考点分析一、动词时态和语态1.一般现在时：表示经常性或习惯性的动作、存在、状态以及客观真理。
2.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
3.一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
4.现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。
5.现在完成时：表示过去开始，持续到现在的动作。
6.过去进行时：表示过去其中一时间正在进行的动作。
7.过去完成时：表示过去其中一时间之前完成的动作。
8.将来进行时：表示将来其中一时间正在进行的动作。
9.将来完成时：表示将来其中一时间之前完成的动作。
10.一般条件句：表示与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟情况。
11.过去条件句：表示与过去事实相反的虚拟情况。
12.时态的混合使用：表示过去其中一时间之前发生和完成的动作。
二、非谓语动词1. 不定式（to do）：表示目的、用途、愿望、不愿意、建议等。
2. 动名词（doing）：作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
3. 分词（V-ing / V-ed）：作定语、表语、补语、状语。
三、情态动词1. can / could：表示能力、请求、许可、可能性。
2. may / might：表示可能性、许可。
3. must：表示推测、肯定、必要性、命令。
4. shall / should：表示征求意见、建议、义务。
5. will / would：表示意愿、习惯、打算、请求、坚持。
6. ought to：表示应该。
四、被动语态1.一般现在时的被动语态。
2.一般过去时的被动语态。
3.一般将来时的被动语态。
4.现在进行时的被动语态。
5.现在完成时的被动语态。
6.过去进行时的被动语态。
7.过去完成时的被动语态。
五、名词1.可数名词和不可数名词。
2.名词的单复数形式。
3.名词所有格的形式。
4.物质名词。
5.数词的用法。
六、冠词1. 定冠词（the）的用法。
2. 不定冠词（a / an）的用法。
3.零冠词的用法。
七、代词1.主格代词、宾格代词和所有格形式。
高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
cook, draw等, 常与well, easily,
这件衬衫不好洗。
smoothly等副词连用
open, close, lock, move, keep等动词常 The drawer won't lock.
与won't, can't, wouldn't 连用
这个抽屉锁不上。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
意义 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, company, population, 单
一致 enemy, party, crew, audience, committee, government, majority, 复
原则 group等强调整体时谓语动词用单数, 指个体成员时谓语动词用 数
代词
单个的动词-ing形式、动词不定式或主语从句
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
原则
主语
谓语
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
有生命的集体名词, 如people, police, cattle等 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词, 如goods,
stairs,
arms等
复数
山脉、群岛、瀑布等以-s结尾的专有名词
重点三 主谓一致3原则
原则
主语
谓语
语法 单数
单数
一致 原则
复数
复数
就近 一致 原则
由or, either... or..., neither... nor...,
not only... but (also)..., not... but... 等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上 保持一致
2024高考英语语法知识点归纳总结动词的时态和语态
2024高考英语语法知识点归纳总结动词的时态和语态
动词的时态：
1.一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性、普遍性、客观真理等情况。
2.现在进行时：表示现阶段正在进行的动作或正在进行的状态。
3.一般过去时：表示过去一些时间点或一段时间内发生的动作或存在
的状态。
4.过去进行时：表示过去其中一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。
5.现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或仍然存在的
情况。
6.过去完成时：表示过去一些时间点或时间段之前已经发生的动作。
7.将来时：表示将来一些时间点或时间段内将要发生的动作或存在的
状态。
动词的语态：
1.主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者或主体。
2.被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者，且强调动作对主体的影响。
需要注意的是，动词的时态和语态的变化通常是通过助动词来实现的。
如一般现在时使用do/does，现在进行时使用be动词+现在分词，现在完
成时使用have/has等。
此外，有些动词的时态和语态形式不规则，需要
进行记忆和熟练应用。
(完整版)高考英语动词的时态和语态讲解
时态语态（一）一般在表示:1.在的常性、性作eg: I read English every morning.2.客真理、宽泛公立、科学事eg: The sun rises in the east.3.有的趣、好或能力eg: He likes playing football.4.存的性、特色或状eg: The situation is encouraging.5.介故事情、新eg: Workers face tough times abroad.6.按刻表或按定划、安排将要放生的作（常如：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, takeoff, return, stop, open, close 等） eg: The train leaves at 4:30 p.m.注意：here, there, now, then 等开的倒装句要用一般在代替在行。
如：Look! Here comes the bus.一般去表示:1.去常性、性的作或状eg: He often cried when he was a boy.2.去某的状或作eg: I went to the bank just now.3.用于I didn ’t know ⋯或 I forgot ⋯，表示不知道或不得，但在已知道或得的事情。
eg: I didn ’tknow you were here.Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.注意：表示去常生的作，也能够用“used to do⋯”和“would do ”一般将来表示： 1.在看来今后要生的作或存在的状eg: Tom will come next week.2.事物的固有属性或必然eg: Oil will float in water.Fish will die without water.3.将来某个作的安排、划eg: He is going to speak on TV this evening.注意：将来常表达形式：will/ shall do; be going to do; be to do; be about to do（此形式不能够与状用）在行表示： 1.此此刻正在生的作eg: I ’m studying English now.2.段正在生的作eg: We are building our socialism.3.情况的性eg: I don ’treally work here. I am just helping until the secretary arrives.4.与 always, forever, constantly, continually用，表示参上或等感情色彩，但其实不是作正在行eg: He is always helping others. She is always forgetting something.5.按划、安排近期生的作（只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay 等） eg: A foreigner is coming to visit our school.I ’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow.注意：不宜用行的作：感： look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear 感情：like, love, prefer, admire,hate, fear心：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, thin, understand, agree, know, remember, forget所有： have, contain, won, hold, belong to去行表示： 1.去某一刻或段生的作eg: He was watching TV this time yesterday.2.与 always, forever, constantly, continually用，表示或无等感情色彩eg: Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself.3.去划、安排好的将来作（只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay 等） eg: He said he was leaving the next day.I was told the train was starting soon.注意：去行可用来描故事生的背景，如：The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.去将来表示： 1.去某一刻后将要生的去作或去的意、打算（主要用于从句中）eg: She was sure she would succeed.I thought you would come.注意：把一般将来中的助成去式，便成了去将来的表达形式在完成表示： 1.在已完成或完成且在有影响的作eg: I have finished my homew2.表示始于去持到此刻的作或状eg: He’s lived here since 2005.I ’ve 15 years.3.到目前止的一段内，多少次或第几次做某事eg: He’s been to Beijin It ’s the third time that I ’ve seen the film.4.将来某将要做完的作（限于和条件状从句）eg: Don ’tget off th stopped.5.生在去的，但已成在的或eg: We’ve all played with snow a 注意：没有包括“ 在”在内或不是截止到“ 在” 止的状不能够与在完成用。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中，谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如，你、我、他是学生，中文“是”字是一样的，只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变：I am，you are，he is。
主谓一致有三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。
（一）语法一致名词是单数，谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住：绝大多数都用单数，只有明确的复数名词，谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜，只能是复数，如果前面加上“一双”“一条”，后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数，一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然，all才是真正的主语，所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里，She才是真正的主语，所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
高考英语语法考点对比总结及练习(语法填空+短文改错)——动词类：时态与语态
●时态与语态语法填空考点目录（动词→谓语；同时考虑）1. 高考常考12种时态2. 时态与被动3. 时态与主谓一致高考常考12种时态（注：过去将来时：would do）1. 高考常考12种时态精选练习1. I ________ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed.2. It ________ (rain) when they left the station.3. Then he ________ (hide) behind a tree and waited.4. —Alvin, are you coming with us?—I’d love to, but something unexpected ________ (happen).5. We will start as soon as our team leader ________ (come).6. Unless extra money ________ (find), the theater will close.7. He’s always calm and never ________ (get) excited with her.8. And as soon as I put him up in the hotel, I ________ (drive) back.9. She ________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.10. —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?—I’m sorry, but by then I ________ (fly) to Beijing. How about five?11. His first novel ________ (receive) good reviews since it came out last month.12. The three of us ________ (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.13. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ________ (play) the piano upstairs?14. Yes, his teacher says so. He ________ (work) hard at his lessons every evening for months. He wants to go to OxfordUniversity next year.15. I think Chinese people choose chopsticks, rather than knives and forks, because Chinese people, under the influence ofConfucianism, have traditionally ________ (consider) knives and forks as symbolizing a type of violence.1. The leaves ________ (turn) red.2. Don’t get off the bus until it ________ (stop).3. —Look! Somebody ________ (clean) the sofa.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.4. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ (be) sea.5. I knew he could help me if he ________ (be) free the next day.6. On the next birthday, Ann ________ (be) married for twenty years.7. —I didn’t ask for the name list. Why has it ________ (land) on my desk?—I put it there just now in case you needed it.8. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4025 ________ (take) off at 18:20.9. I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ (start) when I arrived.10. After Jack had sent some e-mails, he ________ (start) working on his project.11. Did you predict that many students ________ (sign) up for the dance competition?12. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ________ (graduate) from college.13. They made up their mind that they ________ (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.14. Shirley ________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.15. Close the door of fear behind you, and you ________ (see) the door of faith open before you.16. In recent years, learning Chinese ________ (become) popular among people around the world.17. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He ________ (kill) trying to save a child in the earthquake.18. Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He ________ (seem) to have been praised by the manager just now.19. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ________ (run) out. We must act immediately before there’s none left.1. —What a mistake!—Yes. I ________ (suggest) his doing it another way, but without success.2. —You speak very good French!—Thanks. I ________ (study) French in Sichuan University for four years.3. When Alice came, she did not know how long she ________ (lie) there.4. Tom ________ (work) in the library every night over the last three months.5. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ________ (leave).2. 时态与被动精选练习1. The cloth ________ (wash) well.2. The door won’t ________ (open).3. Big dogs ________ (look) dangerous.4. Listen carefully when it ________ (begin).5. In the last few years thousands of films ________ (produce) all over the world.6. And action movies like that need to be ________ (see) in a theatre on a big screen.7. Controls should ________ (place) on these pesticides until bee safety can be guaranteed.8. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ________ (make) by scientists.9. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ________ (rescue) four days later.1. Is honesty the best policy? We ________ (teach) that it is when we are little.2. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ________ (rebuild).3. Just as she sat down, the telephone rang. It was from her neighbor, “My cat ________ (kill) by a car.”4. During the Spring Festival in China, children ________ (give) money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in theNew Year.3. 时态与主谓一致精选练习1. What we need badly now ________ (be) doctors.2. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ (be) sea.3. —Did you go to the show last night?—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ________ (be) invited.4. I heard that Reading Skills ________ (be) newly published in America.5. A library with five thousand books ________ (offer) to the nation as a gift.6. They believe we are the suitable men who ________ (be) going to defeat the enemies.7. Either you or one of your students ________ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.8. With forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ (wash) away each year.9. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ________ (be) tired of having one examination after another.10. As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert ________ (be) covered the land.11. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ (have) caused hearing loss in some teenagers.12. A poet and artist ________ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting this afternoon.短文改错考点目录1. 时态一致2. 主谓一致3. 被动语态4. 主系表1. 时态一致明：（1）现在⇌过去（2）have/has/had+-ed →-ed（3）have/has/had+did →have/has/had+done暗：-ed →have/has/had+-ed精选练习1. Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.2. It is three years now since I graduate from Xinhua High School.3. My grandfather graduates from Harvard University 35 years ago.4. I asked him why and he told me that the battery has died, so he threw it away.5. When it is time for us to say goodbye, she wrote on my hand: “Please come here as often as possible.”6. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “That’s it. No more toys for you.”1. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.2. Hello I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang.3. By the end of last year, my collection has grown to 3000 words.4. I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.5. A child knows quite well that littering was wrong, why can’t an adult realize this?6. Kids who used a wheelchair or have lots of health problems want friends just like you do.7. I am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far.8. I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.9. After having a short rest there and sharing the food we had brought, we started going down. It had rained even harder.10. Then he said something surprising. He said, “This has been so nice. Thank you. I hadn’t really talked to anybody in along time.”11. I had asked my roommate to meet you at the airport and you can stay in my room. He’s a very nice person and he’ll show you around the city.12. Her classes are so full of fun that you will never feel bored. To improve our grades, she usually gave us some advice on how to learn English well.13. When I was seven years old, my family grew out first square watermelon. No one has ever seen a square watermelon before, so it became famous instantly.14. On the box was card saying: “25 cents each.” “You will never sell these much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought the price down to 10 cents a piece.15. The first man got over his shock and politely said to the angel, “I’ve suffered from back pain for years. Can you help me?” The angel touched his back, and he had recovered.2. 主谓一致明：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则暗：常规考查精选练习1. But not all information are good to society.2. —Did you go to the show last night?—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area were invited.3. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.4. Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively.5. Starting your collection of stamps are easy because they are everywhere.6. After hearing your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm.7. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.8. It is reported that many a new house are being built at present in the disaster area.9. In January this year, the rate of the UFO reports were steady, around three per week.10. One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens is black people.11. I think science classes clear up my mysteries. But then there is always more mysteries to look into.12. There are branch libraries in many villages. Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.13. But once you’ve started collecting seriously, you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors’ Club which exist toadd more stamps to you collection.1. The pay were 10 cents per envelope.2. What may surprise you are that I’m going to the US this July in a summer camp!3. Luckily I had all my money in my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on.4. For example, Shanghai food, a little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food that is rather hot.5. Every possible means have been used to prevent the air pollution, but the is still not clear.6. A poet and artist are coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting this afternoon.7. Goodnight and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my best life and my only friend.8. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give a sense of fair play and team spirit.9. All of us need friendship. The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and trust eachother.3. 被动语态明：（1）be+-ed →-ed（2）be+V任何→be+done暗：-ed →be+-ed精选练习1. Books may be keep for four weeks2. When one student does so, much larger values are destroying.3. Today, I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college. I am proud of it.4. After the drive, it was cost just over £2 to put the car back into perfect condition.1. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.2. One day the school held a party, where I invited to talk about Tianjin.3. It was turned to be her own cup, which she’d left on the shelf by mistake.4. Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the sky—they were looked like rain!5. We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “We’re having dinner. Come back later.”6. I’m glad that you’ve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local way of life.7. If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th, Olympic Games, I will first improve my English so that I can talkeasily with foreign visitors.8. If you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will write to you, and let you know when the book you want hasreturned and is ready for you to pick up.9. As is planning, I’m coming to Boston around the 15th, and I wonder if you’ll be free then so we could chat about thegood old days.4. 主系表暗：（1）主+adj. →主+be+adj.（2）句子缺谓语精选练习1. What your favorite sport?2. They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions.3. The commanding officer, Wayne Tyler, who directly responsible for the study of all such reports, decided to make hisfindings known.However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, because each has a delicious taste and good for health.参考答案●时态与语态语法填空1. 高考常考12种时态精选练习1. is2. was raining3. hid4. has happened5. comes6. is found7. gets8. will drive9. was phoning10. am flying11. has received12. traveled13. is playing14. has been working15. considered1. are turning2. stops, has stopped3. has cleaned4. is5. was6. has been7. landed8. takes9. had started10. started11. would sign12. had graduated 13. would buy14. was writing15. will see16. is becoming17. was killed18. seems19. are running1. had suggested2. studied, have studied3. had lain4. has been working5. were leaving2. 时态与被动精选练习1. washes2. open3. look4. begins5. have been produced6. seen7. be placed8. will be made9. was rescued1. are taught2. is being rebuilt3. was killed4. are given3. 时态与主谓一致精选练习1. are2. is3. was4. was5. is offered6. are7. is8. are being washed9. are10. is11. has12. is短文改错1. 时态一致精选练习1. 第2个is→was2. graduate→graduated3. graduates→graduated4. has→had5. is→was6. tear→tore1. take→took2. learn→leant3. has→had4. use→used5. was→is6. used→use7. greatly→have greatly8. 去掉had9. 去掉第二个had10. hadn’t→haven’t11. had→have12. gave→gives 13. has→had14. has→had15. 去掉最后的had2. 主谓一致精选练习1. are→is2. were→was3. is→are4. are→is5. are→is6. is→are7. was→were8. are→is9. were→was10. 第二个is→are11. is→are12. cost→costs 13. exist→exists1. were→was2. are→is3. was→were4. differ→differs5. have→has6. are→is7. is→are8. give→gives9. mean→means3. 被动语态精选练习1. keep→kept2. destroying→destroyed3. admitting→admitted4. 去掉was1. drank→drunk2. invited→was invited3. 去掉was4. 去掉第二个were115. 去掉was 6. 去掉been7. chose →chosen 8. returned →been returned 9. planning →planned4. 主系表精选练习1. What 后加is2. They 后加were3. who 后加wasgood 前加is。
高中英语语法系统复习—十一动词的时态.doc
高中英语语法系统复习—十一动词的时态11.1 一般现在时的用法1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。
例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3）表示格言或警句。
例如：Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
例如：I don\'t want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。
第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
11.2 一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
高考动词时态知识点归纳
高考动词时态知识点归纳在英语学习中，时态是一个非常重要的知识点。
当我们在应对高考英语试卷时，熟练掌握动词时态的使用就显得尤为重要了。
下面，我将对高考中常见的动词时态知识点进行归纳总结，帮助大家更好地掌握这一部分内容。
1. 一般现在时（Simple Present）一般现在时表示经常发生的动作、习惯、真理等。
它通常与时间状语词“usually”、“always”、“often”等连用。
例句1：I usually go to the park on Sundays.（通常我在星期天去公园。
）例句2：The Earth orbits around the Sun.（地球绕太阳转。
）2. 一般过去时（Simple Past）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态。
它通常与表示过去的时间状语词“yesterday”、“last month”、“in 1999”等连用。
例句1：I watched a movie last night.（昨晚我看了一部电影。
）例句2：They lived in London three years ago.（三年前他们住在伦敦。
）3. 现在进行时（Present Continuous）现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，经常与“now”、“at the moment”等时间状语连用。
例句1：She is studying at the library now.（她正在图书馆学习。
）例句2：I am having dinner with my family at the moment.（我现在正在和家人吃晚饭。
）4. 过去进行时（Past Continuous）过去进行时表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
例句1：He was playing basketball with his friends yesterday afternoon.（昨天下午他正在和朋友们打篮球。
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高考英语语法知识点专题复习—动词及时态动词及时态---基础篇一、一般现在时：1. 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
也可表客观规律以及在时间，条件状语从句中表将来时（主将从现）2. 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3. 基本结构：①be动词；am/is/are ②行为动词: 动词原形、第三人称单数。
4. 否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②don’t /doesn’t +动词原形+……5. 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②Do/Does +…+动词原形+…?二、一般过去时：1. 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2. 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, this morning3. 基本结构：①be动词；was/were …②行为动词: 动词的过去式4. 否定形式：①was/were+not; ②didn’t +动词原形5. 一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②Did +…+动词原形……?三、现在进行时：1. 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2. 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, look, listen, can you see? Can’t you see ?之类的暗示语。
3. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing4. 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.5. 一般疑问句：Is /Are …+doing sth ?四、过去进行时：1. 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2. 时间状语：at this/that time yesterday, at that time, at six yesterday evening, from eight o’clock to nine o’clock, last night 或以when/while引导的时间状语(过去进行时+when+一般过去时/ 一般过去时+while +过去进行时/过去进行时+while +过去进行时)。
3. 基本结构：was/were+doing4. 否定形式：was/were + not + doing.5. 一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时：1. 概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2. 时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…, in the past few years, already, yet, never, ever, just, before, so far, once, twice etc.3. 基本结构：have/has + done4. 否定形式：have/has + not +done.5. 一般疑问句：把have或has放于句首。
6. 反义疑问句：直接用has /have 进行反问7. 注意：1). have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别have been to +地点表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。
(once, twice ….)have gone to +地点表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。
(where is sb ?)have been in +地点表示在某地呆多长时间。
（for…../ since …..）2). 与时间段连用时，短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。
Come/go to ------ be at /in leave ----be away from buy ----have borrow /lend -----keep open ---be open close---be closed die---be dead start/begin ----be on join—--be in /be a member of /be a soldier become –be make friends ---be friendget up ---be up fall asleep ---be asleep catch a cold – have a cold reach/get/arrive---stay/be3). 现在完成时的四种句型：A). 主语+短暂性动词的过去式+ 时间+agoB). 主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+for…./since …. ago .C). It’s +时间段+since +短暂性动词的过去式D). 时间段+has passed +since +短暂性动词的过去式His grandfather died two years ago.His grandfather has ____ ____ for two years._____two years _____ his grandfather ____.Two years ____ ____ ____ his grandfather _____.4). 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与现在有关的时态，他侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。
而一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生的具体的时间时，只能用一般现在时。
Has he returned the library book ? Yes, he has.When ____ he _____(return) it ?He ____ (return)it yesterday afternoon .六、过去完成时：1. 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
2. 时间状语：1). before+过去时间，by+ 过去时间, by the end of last year(term, month…)2). by the time +从句（一般过去时），主句（过去完成时）3). 用于由when,after, before 引导的时间状语从句中，前后两动作都发生在过去。
过去完成时+when/before +一般过去时一般过去时+after +过去完成时4). 用于宾语从句中。
3. 基本结构：had + done.4. 否定形式：had + not + done.5. 一般疑问句：把had放于句首。
七、一般将来时：1. 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2. 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ), soon, in+一段时间, by…, the day after tomorrow, this evening, tonight3. 基本结构：1). am/is/are/going to + do；2). will/shall + do.3). 用现在进行时表示将来，动词come, go, start, leave, fly, move, begin, get ….4). 当主句为一般将来时，由if, as soon as, until, when, before, after, unless 引导的状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
4. 否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5. 一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时：1. 概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
2. 时间状语：the next day(morning, year…), the following month(week…), by then ,3. 基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.4. 否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.5. 一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。
第十五讲座：动词及时态---提高篇一．一般现在时：“do/does”：①表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
②表示按计划、规定要发生的动作。
③表示客观存在或普遍真理。
二．一般过去时：“did”：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
三．现在进行时：“am/is/are doing”：表示现在正在进行的动作。
四．过去进行时：“was/were doing”：表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。
五．一般将来时：“will/shall do”：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态、未来习惯性的动作、提出请求、作出允诺、表示同意等。
六．过去将来时：“would/ should do”：表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常用在间接引语中，主句谓语动词为过去时态。
七．现在完成时：“have/has done”：①表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响。
②表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。
八．现在完成进行时：“have/has been doing”：表示过去某时开始一直延续到现在(这个动作可能刚停止, 也可能还在进行), 不少情况下表示与现在状态有联系, 有时表示动作的重复等。
九．过去完成时：“had done”：表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。
1．一般现在时的用法：(1) 表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状态、特征, 句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语。
e.g. He goes to school every day. (经常性动作)He is very happy. (现在的状态)(2) 表示按计划、规定要发生的动作, (句中都带有时间状语) 但限于少数动词。
如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。