2012张剑考研英语模拟题及答案
考研命题人张剑解析2012年考研真题
第⼀部分：英语知识运⽤(选择填空)2012年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试英语试题分析Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot 1 its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2 justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3 the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.…1.［A］ emphasize ［B］ maintain ［C］ modify ［D］ recognize2.［A］ when ［B］ lest ［C］ before ［D］ unless3.［A］ restored ［B］ weakened ［C］ established ［D］ eliminated…【答案解析】1. 答案：B 【考点：动词辨析】分析：句⼦相关部分提到：法院⽆法……它作为法治卫⼠的合法性。
需要判断什么动词能够参与“合法性”搭配。
四个选项是［A］emphasize(强调)，［B］maintain(维护，维持)，［C］modify(修改)，［D］recognize(认识，辨认出)。
显然，“维护合法性”是搭配，因此选项［B］maintain是正确答案。
2016张剑考研英语模拟题答案
2016张剑考研英语模拟题答案篇一：2012张剑考研英语模拟题及答案2012考研必备资料张剑考研英语模拟题第二套试题Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Valentine’s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__ the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to help them. A festivalin his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for the year.Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day __9__ a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the__13__ of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—Valentine’s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.Valentine’s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover’s heart may still be used to __18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.1.［A］ While2.［A］ upon3.［A］ honor5.［A］ rolls6.［A］ cast7.［A］ given8.［A］ tells9.［A］ after11.［A］ other ［B］ When ［B］ back ［B］ belief ［B］secrets ［B］ piles ［B］ caught ［B］ chosen ［B］ means ［B］ since ［B］ pleaded ［B］ simply［B］ defied ［C］ Though ［C］ off ［C］ hand ［C］names ［C］ works ［C］ drew ［C］ elected ［C］ makes ［C］as［D］ Unless ［D］ away ［D］ way ［D］ intentions ［D］slips ［D］ found ［D］ delivered ［D］ has ［D］ from ［D］believed ［D］ all ［D］ dishonored ［D］ eve 4.［A］ problems 10.［A］ ordered 12.［A］ disliked ［C］ envisioned ［C］rather ［C］ defeated 13.［A］ celebration ［B］ arrangement ［C］ feast14.［A］ goat16.［A］ part17.［A］ story ［B］ saint ［B］ made ［B］ wander［B］ require ［C］ model ［C］ instead ［C］ arrow ［C］demand ［D］ weapon ［D］ learnt ［D］ symbol ［D］ play ［D］alert［D］ Forgetting［D］ retorting 15.［A］ because ［B］ representative ［C］ judgement 18.［A］ portray 19.［A］ Keeping ［B］ Disapproving［C］ Supporting 20.［A］ constructive ［B］ damaging ［C］ reinforcing答案1. B11. C总体分析本文介绍了情人节的由来。
2012年考研英语全真模拟题及答案解析(二)
21..Notes: pin down 把…讲明确;确定。
immutable不可改变的。
dualism双重论。
diverg ence分歧，偏离。
overlapping部分巧合、一致。
time-honored 由来已久的。
dichotomy 一分为二，对立。
sequester使隔离。
be caught up in 被缠住于，如：He is caught up in the trivia (琐事) of everyday things. unduly过度地，不恰当地。
22.Notes: inventory 存货。
East-West tensions 东西方紧张局势。
fiscal (与国库的钱有关的)财务的(常指税收)。
liquidity 周转率，清偿力。
leeway 余地。
given 鉴于，由于。
the Phase Three program 第三阶段计划。
23.Notes: on a whim 心血潮。
surf v. 冲浪。
in theory在理论上，顺理成章。
hosting访问率高的。
call...into question质疑，对…提出疑问24.Notes: crop vt. 播种，修剪(树木)，收割。
count for little 无关紧要。
predatory 掠夺成性的。
champion n. 冠军;vt. 支持。
benevolent好心肠的，行善的。
ambivalence 矛盾心理。
make (+不定式)似乎要: He makes to begin. (他似乎要开始了。
)swirls and eddi es 漩涡。
cult狂热崇拜。
daguerreotypes (初期的)银板照相法。
25.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80—100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)帮助孩子重新振作孩子得不到帮助，后果可能很严重。
2012年考研英语全真模拟题及答案解析汇总10
2012年考研英语全真模拟题及答案解析汇总10Text3Is the literary critic like the poet, responding creatively, intuitively, subjectively to the written word as the poet responds to human experience? Or is the critic more like a scientist, following a series of demonstrable, verifiable steps, using an objective method of analysis?For the woman who is a practitioner of feminist literary criticism, the subjectivity versus objectivity, or critic-as-artist-or-scientist, debate has special significance; for her, the question is not only academic, but political as well, and her definition will provoke special risks whichever side of the issue it favors. If she defines feminist criticism as objective and scientific—a valid, verifiable, intellectual method that anyone, whether man or woman, can perform—the definition not only makes the critic-as-artist approach impossible, but may also hinder accomplishment of the utilitarian political objectives of those who seek to change the academic establishment and its thinking, especially about sex roles. If she defines /kcnet1480//kcnet1480/ feminist criticism as creative and intuitive, privileged as art, then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices of stereotypic ideas about the ways in which women think, and will be dismissed by much of the academic establishment. Because of these prejudices, women who use an intuitive approach in their criticism may find themselves charged with inability to be analytical, to be objective, or to think critically. Whereas men may be free to claim the role of critic-as-artist, women run different professional risks when they choose intuition and private experience as critical method and defense.These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle, in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers will be at stake, and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding, a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.As long as the academic establishment continues to regard objective analysis as “masculine” and an intuitive approach as “feminine,” the theoretician must steer a delicate philosophical course between the two. If she wishes to construct a theory of feminist criticism, she would be well advised to place it within the framework of a general theory of the critical process that is neither purely objective nor purely intuitive. Her theory is then more likely to be compared and contrasted with other theories of criticism with some degree of dispassionate distance. (418 words)31. Which of the following titles best summarizes the content of the text?[A] How Theories of Literary Criticism Can Best Be Used[B] Problems Confronting Women Who Are Feminist Literary Critics[C] A Historical Overview of Feminist Literary Criticism[D] Literary Criticism: Art or Science?32. According to the author, the debate has special significance for the woman who is a theoretician of feminist literary criticism because[A] women who are literary critics face professional risks different from those faced by men who are literary critics.[B] there are large numbers of capable women working within the academic establishment.[C] there are a few powerful feminist critics who have been recognized by the academic establishment.[D] like other critics, most women who are literary critics define criticism as either scientific or artistic.33. The author specifically mentions all of the following as difficulties that particularly affect women who are theoreticians of feminist literary criticism EXCEPT the[A] tendency of a predominantly male academic establishment to form preconceptions about women.[B] limitations that are imposed when criticism is defined as objective and scientific.[C] likelihood that the work of a woman theoretician who claims the privilege of art will be viewed with prejudice by some academics.[D] tendency of members of the academic establishment to treat all forms of feminist literary theory with hostility.34. It can be inferred that the author would define as “political”(Line 1, Para. 3) the questions that[A] cannot be resolved without extensive debate.[B] are primarily academic in nature and open to abstract analysis.[C] are contested largely through contention over power.[D] will be debated by both men and women.35. Which of the following is most likely to be one of the “utilitarian political objectives” mentioned by the author?[A] To forge a new theory of literary criticism.[B] To pursue truth in a disinterested manner.[C] To demonstrate that women are interested in literary criticism that can be viewed either subjectively or objectively.[D] To convince the academic establishment to revise the ways in which it assesses women scholars professional qualities.Text4Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the United States unprecedented opportunities—as well as new and significant risks. Civil right activists have long argued that one /kcnet1480//kcnet1480/ of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack of access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.Now Congress, in apparent agreement, has required by law that businesses awarded federal contracts of more than $500, 000 do their best to find minority subcontractors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with the government. Indeed, some federal and local agencies have gone so far as to set specific percentage goals for apportioning parts of public works contracts to minority enterprises.Corporate response appears to have been substantial. According to figures collected in 1977, the total of corporate contracts with minority businesses rose from $77 million in 1972 to 1.1 billion in 1977. The projected total of corporate contracts with minority businesses for the early 1980's is estimated to be over $3 billion per year with no letup anticipated in the next decade.Promising as it is for minority businesses, this increased patronage poses dangersfor them, too. First, minority firms risk expanding too fast and overextending themselves financially, since most are small concerns and, unlike large businesses, they often needto make substantial investment in new plants, staff, equipment and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, thereafter, their subcontracts are for some reason reduced, such firms can face potentially crippling fixed expenses. The world of corporate purchasing can be frustrating for small entrepreneurs who get requests for elaborate formal estimates and bids. Both consume valuable time and resources, and a small company's efforts must soon result in orders, or both the morale and the financial health of the business will suffer.A second risk is that White-owned companies may seek to cash in on the increasing apportionment through formation of joint ventures with minority-owned concerns. Of course, in many instances there are legitimate reasons for joint ventures; clearly, White and minority enterprises can team up to acquire business that neither could acquire alone. But civil right groups and minority business owners have complained to Congress about minorities being set up as “fronts” with W hite backing, rather than being accepted as full partners in legitimate joint ventures.Third, a minority enterprise that secures the business of one large corporate customer often runs the danger of becoming and remaining dependent. Even in the best of circumstances, fierce competition from larger, more established companies makes it difficult for small concerns to broaden their customer bases; when such firms have nearly guaranteed orders from a single corporate benefactor, they may truly have to struggle against complacency arising from their current success. (469 words)Notes: civil rights activists公民权利激进分子。
2012考研英语基础阶段模拟试题及详解（2）
2012考研《英语》基础阶段模拟试题及详解（2） 1.本试卷考试时间150分钟，满分100分。
2.试卷后⾯附有参考答案，供学员测试后核对。
Section I Structure and Vocabulary In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice on the answer sheet. (20 points) 1. A variety of small clubs can provide _____ opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful group dynamics. [A] durable [B] excessive [C] surplus [D] multiple 2. By turning this knob to the right you can _____ the sound from this radio. [A] amplify [B] enlarge [C] magnify [D] reinforce 3. Under the _____ confronting them it was impossible to continue the strike any longer. [A] surroundings [B] settings [C] circumstances [D] environments 4. We have the system of exploitation of man by man. [A] cancelled [B] abolished [C] refused [D] rejected 5. We shall probably never be able to _____ the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles. [A] assert [B] impart [C] ascertain [D] notify 6. This diploma _____ that you have completed high school. [A] proves [B] certifies [C] secures [D] approves 7. Up until that time, his interest had focused almost _____ on fully mastering the skills and techniques of his craft. [A] restrictively [B] radically [C] inclusively [D] exclusively 8. That sound doesn’t _____ in his language so it’s difficult for him to pronounce. [A] happen [B] take place [C] occur [D] run 9. The security guard _____ two men who were yelling in the courtroom. [A] expelled [B] propelled [C] repelled [D] dispelled 10. In most cases politicians are _____ as they seldom tell the truth. [A] credible [B] credulous [C] incredulous [D] incredible 11. He soon received promotion, for his superiors realized that he was a man of considerable _____. [A] future [B] possibility [C] ability [D] opportunity 12. Britain has the highest _____ of road traffic in the world—over 60 cars for every mile of road. [A] density [B] intensity [C] popularity [D] prosperity 13. CCTV programs are _____ by satellite to the remotest areas in the country. [A] transferred [B] transported [C] transformed [D] transmitted 14. An energy tax would curb ordinary air pollution, limit oil imports and cut the budget _____. [A] disposition [B] deficit [C] defect [D] discrepancy 15. The government will _____ a reform in the educational system. [A] initiate [B] initial [C] initiative [D] intimate 16. Estimates _____ anywhere from 600 000 to 3 million. Although the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another mater: that the number of the homeless is increasing. One of the federal government’s studies predicts that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. [A] cover [B] change [C] differ [D] range 17. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as institutional, with display becoming sharper and storage _____ increasing. [A] ability [B] capability [C] capacity [D] faculty 18. It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic _____ is the function of the particular space. For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and too few entries and exits will not work for its purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be decorated. [A] care [B] concern [C] attention [D] intention 19. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more mysterious. The new experiments, such as those _____ for the first time at a recent meeting or the society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations for the purpose of non-REM sleep. [A] maintained [B] described [C] settled [D] afforded 20. Changes in the social structure may indirectly _____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] check [D] reflect Section II Use of English Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points) Health implies more than physical fitness. It also implies mental and emotional well-being. An angry, frustrated, emotionally 21 person in good physical condition is not 22 healthy. Mental health, therefore, has much to do 23 how a person copes with the world as s/he exists. Many of the factors that 24 physical health also affect mental and emotional well-being. Having a good self-image means that people have positive 25 pictures and good, positive feelings about themselves, about what they are capable 26 , and about the roles they play. People with good self-images like themselves, and they are 27 like others. Having a good self-image is based 28 a realistic, as well as positive, or optimistic 29 of one’s own worth and value and capabilities. Stress is an unavoidable, necessary, and potentially healthful 30 of our society. People of all ages 31 stress. Children begin to 32 stress during prenatal development and during childbirth. Examples of stress-inducing 33 in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to 34 academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. The different ways in which individuals 35 to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results. One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well 36 another may be unable to function at all. If stressful situations are continually encountered, the individual’s physical, social, and mental health are eventually affected. Satisfying social relations are vital to 37 mental and emotional health. It is believed that in order to 38 , develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must 39 the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence, and help each other. They must also be capable of 40 conflicts in a constructive way. 21. [A] unstable [B] unsure [C] imprecise [D] impractical 22. [A] normally [B] generally [C] virtually [D] necessarily 23. [A] on [B] at [C] to [D] with 24. [A] signify [B] influence [C] predict [D] mark 25. [A] intellectual [B] sensual [C] spiritual [D] mental 26. [A] to be doing [B] with doing [C] to do [D] of doing 27. [A] able better to [B] able to better [C] better to able [D] better able to 28. [A] on [B] from [C] at [D] about 29. [A] assessment [B] decision [C] determination [D] assistance 30. [A] ideality [B] realization [C] realism [D] reality 31. [A] occur [B] engage [C] confront [D] encounter 32. [A] tolerate [B] sustain [C] experience [D] undertake 33. [A] evidence [B] accidents [C] adventures [D] events 34. [A] acquire [B] achieve [C] obtain [D] fulfill 35. [A] respond [B] return [C] retort [D] reply 36. [A] why [B] when [C] while [D] where 37. [A] sound [B] all-round [C] entire [D] whole 38. [A] illuminate [B] enunciate [C] enumerate [D] initiate 39. [A] access [B] assess [C] process [D] possess 40. [A] resolving [B] saluting [C] dissolving [D] solving。
2012考研英语模拟题模拟249（考卷附答案）
Model T est OneSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1.Making good coffee is not a simple business. Coffee bushes must be grown in shade. A hillside is best--but it mustn't be too (1) . After three years, the bushes will start to (2) bright-red coffee "cherries", which are picked, processed to (3) the inner part, and spread out to dry for days, (4) on concrete. They are (5) again to separate the bean, which needs to rest, preferably for a few months. Only then can it be roasted, ground and brewed (6) the stuff that dreams are suppressed with.In Mexico and parts of Central America, (7) in Colombia, most coffee farmers are smallholders. They found it especially hard to (8) the recent fall in the coffee price. The (9) of their income makes it hard for farmers to invest to (10) their crop, says Fernando Celis. The fall forced many small farmers to (11) other crops, or migrate to cities.For farmers, one way out of this (12) is to separate the price they are paid (13) the international commodities markets. This is the (14) of Fair-trade, an organization which certifies products as "responsibly" sourced. Fair-trade determines at what price farmers make what it considers a (15) profit. Its current (16) is that the appropriate figure is 10% above the market price.(17) , sales of Fair-trade-certified coffee have increased from $ 22. 5m per year to $ 87m per year since 1998. This is still a tiny fraction of the overall world coffee trade, worth $10 billion (18) But there are plenty of other markets for high-quality coffee. Some small producers can (19) more by marketing their coffee as organic or "bird-friendly" because, unlike large, mechanized plantations, they have (20) shade trees.1. [A] steep [B] high[C] big [D] wide2. [A] make [B] form[C] produce [D] manufacture3. [A] deduct [B] discard[C] remove [D] expel4. [A] partly [B] ideally[C] particularly [D] especially5. [A] milled [B] broken[C] burst [D] cracked6. [A] on [B] up[C] of [D] into7. [A] thus [B] as[C] with [D] by8. [A] face up with [B] deal with[C] come up with [D] bring with9. [A] mobility [B] shortage[C] volatility [D] regularity10. [A] sustain [B] contain[C] undergo [D] grow11. [A] move to [B] turn to[C] come to [D] switch to12. [A] situation [B] problem[C] dilemma [D] matter13. [A] in [B] for[C] from [D] to14. [A] aim [B] attitude[C] option [D] approach15. [A] comfortable [B] reasonable[C] sensible [D] available16. [A] judgment [B] calculation[C] intension [D] suggestion17. [A] However [B] Around[C] In fact [D] Worldwide18. [A] annually [B] usually[C] mainly [D] entirely19. [A] cost [B] apply[C] charge [D] take20. [A] revealed [B] retracted[C] retained [D] reshapedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.TEXT 1Like every dog, every disease now seems to have its day. World Tuberculosis (infections disease in which growths appear on the lungs) Day is on Saturday March 24th.Tuberculosis was once terribly fashionable. Dying of "consumption" seems to have been a favorite activity of garret-dwelling 19th-century artists, h has, however, been neglected of late. Researchers in the field never tire of pointing out that TB kills a lot of people. According to figures released earlier this week by the World Health Organization, 1.6 million people died of the disease in 2005, compared with about 3m for AIDS and l m for malaria. But it receives only a fraction of the research budget devoted to AIDS. America's National Institutes of Health, for example, spends 20 times as much on AIDS as on TB. Nevertheless, everyone seems to getting in on the TB-day act this year.The Global Fund an international organization responsible fur fighting all three diseases but best known for its work on AIDS, has used the occasion to trumpet its tuberculosis projects. The fund claims that its anti-TB activities since it opened for business in 2002 have saved the lives of over 1m people. The World Health Organization has issued a report that contains some good news. Although the number of TB cases is still rising, the rate of illness seems to have stabilized; the caseload, in other words, is growing only because the population itself is going up.Even drug companies are involved. In the nm-up to the day itself, Eli Lilly announced a $ 50m boost to its MDRTB Global Partnership. MDR stands for multi-drug resistance, and it is one of the reasons why TB is back in the limelight. Careless treatment has caused drug-resistant strains to evolve all over the world. The course of drugs needed to clear the disease completely takes six mouths, anti persuading people lo stay that course once their symptoms have gone is hard. Unfortunately, those infected with MDR have to be treated with less effec tive, more poisonous and more costly drugs. Naturally, these provoke still more. non-compliance and thus still more evolution.The other reason TB is back is its relationship to AIDS. The (global Fund's joint responsibility for the diseases is no coincidence. AIDS does not kill directly. Rather, HIV, the virus that causes it, weakens the body's immune system and exposes the sufferer to secondary infections. Of these, TB is one of the most serious. It kills200 000 AIDS patients a year. However, some anti-TB drugs interfere with the effect of some anti-HIV drugs. Conversely, in about 20% of cases where a patient has both diseases, anti-HIV drugs make the tuberculosis worse. The upshot is that 125 years after human beings worked out what caused TB, it is still a serious threat.21. The first sentence "Like every dog, every disease now seems to have its day." means ______.[A] every dog enjoys good luck or success sooner or later.[B] human beings can deal with problems caused by disease.[C] Tuberculosis becomes a serious infectious disease.[D] people attach importance to Tuberculosis recently.22. By referring to AIDS in Paragraph 2, the author intends to show ______.[A] the US government is reluctant to spend millions of dollars for Tuberculosis.[B] the death rate of AIDS is higher ,than that of Tuberculosis.[C] the officials did not pay much attention to the research of Tuberculosis in the past.[D] compared with AIDS, Tuberculosis can be cured effectively.23. Which of the following best defines the word "upshot" (Line 5, Paragraph 5 )?[A] Outcome. [B] Uphold. [C] Achievement. [D] Project.24. Eli Lilly devoted itself to MDR-TB, because ______.[A] TB kills more and more AIDS patients.[B] TB has something to do with AIDS.[C] multi-drug resistance makes Tuberculosis fashionable again.[D] Eli Lilly is a member of the MDR-TB Global Partnership.25. Which of the following proverbs is closest in meaning to the message the text tries to convey?[A] Forgive and forget. [B] Forgotten, but not gone.[C] When the wound is healed, the pain is forgotten. [D] Every dog is valiant at his own door.TEXT 2Not many 25-year-olds can reasonably claim to have changed the world. The IBM personal computer, which was launched in 1981 and celebrates its 25th birthday in August, is a rare exception. Other personal computers had been launched before; but it was the IBM PC that ended up defining the standard around which a vast new industry then coalesced. IBM, the titan of the computing World at the time, quickly lost control of its own creation, allowing others to reap the benefits. But leave aside what the PC has done for the fortunes of particular companies, and instead step back and consider what the PC has done for mankind.The PC's most obvious achievement has been to help make computers cheaper, more widely available and more useful than ever before. Before it appeared, different computers from different manufacturers were mostly incompatible with each other. The PC's architecture was not perfect, but its adoption as an industry standard made possible economies of scale in both hardware and software. This in turn reduced prices and enabled the PC to democratise computing.But although the PC has its merits, it also has its faults. Its flexibility has proved to be both a strength and a weakness: it encourages innovation, but at the cost of complexity, reliability and security. And for people in the developing world, PCs are too bulky, expensive and energy-hungry. W. hen it comes to extending the benefits of digital technology--chiefly, cheap and easy access to information to everyone on the planet, the PC may not be the best tool for the job.Look on the streets of almost any city in the world, however, and you will see people clutching tiny, pocket computers, better known as mobile phones. Already, even basic handsets have simple web-browsers, calculators and other computing functions. Mobile phones are cheaper, simpler and more reliable than PCs, and market forces--in particular, the combination of pie-paid billing plans and microcredit schemes--are already putting them into the hands of even the world's poorest people. Initiatives to spread PCs in the developing world, in contrast, rely on top-down funding from governments or aid agencies, rather than bottom-up adoption by consumers.All kinds of firms, from giants such as Google to start-ups such as CellBazaar, are working to bring the full belle, fits of the web to mobile phones. There is no question that the PC has democratised computing and-unleashed innovation, but it is the mobile phone that now seems most likely to carry the dream of the "personal computer" to its conclusion.26. Why dose the author hold the opinion that the IBM personal computer is a rare exception?[A] Personal computer is an amazing invention.[B] IBM lost control of personal computer.[C] The birth of IBM personal computer makes drastic changes in our society.[D] Among the firms making the biggest splash in personal computer world is IBM.27. As a result of an industry standardization, PC becomes ______.[A] more and more popular. [B] more and more effective[C] more and more efficient. [D] more and more portable.28. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that ______.[A] it is hard to find a job as a computer engineer.[B] PC is not the best option as a tool to gather information.[C] PCs are so expensive and energy-hungry.[D] every advantage has its disadvantage.29. By saying "from giants such as Google to start-ups such as CellBazaar" ( Line 1, Paragraph 5 ) , the author implies that ______.[A] Google is more profitable than CellBazaar.[B] they are Search-engine vendors.[C] they are rushing to provide services to mobile phones.[D] they have reaped the benefits from mobile phone industry.30. What is the author's attitude towards mobile phone?[A] Optimistic. [B] Critical. [C] Biased. [D] Prospective.TEXT 3Y ou could say on the court, these are the best days in the history of NBA. So why isn't the world is singing the praise of the NBA? Why isn't today's NBA outperforming the NFL, NASCAR, and Major League of Baseball (MLB), all of which have been rocked by scandals large and small over the last few years? Simple Because today's NBA scares the white people.The NBA stands at the dead-center intersection of two rampant social dynamics: the ascendancy of hip-hop culture and 21st-centrury marketing's sworn duty to easily definable demographic group. Break yourself into generalized demographic qualities: gender, age, race, economic class. There is full range of music, TV shows, movies, and website explic itly designed to keep you warm and toasty in your comfort zone, free from sharp edges.The NBA as it stands today has plenty of sharp edges and has a serious image problem; more than any other sports. For years, whites make up a majority of fan base, blacks make up a majority of players. And those players have benefited from ever-upward-spiraling paychecks, they've exercised their influence' to shape the sight of the game around them in their own image.But the NBA is still all about improvisation, artistry, jazz, poetry on the way to and above the rim. And while we appreciated the artistry in and of itself, the fact that we can't do it puts many fans at some kind small, but measurable emotional distance from the game. For the white audience, the skill divide one thing. There always been players that could do things the rest of us couldn't. What's freaking white Americans out is the way NBA is embracing every element' of hip-hop culture--the music, the fashion, the attitude, everything...Many events, stories hurt NBA, cementing its lawless-blacks image in observers' minds. Referring to the word "thug", that's operative in short-handing the new NBA culture, as many observers noted. "Thug" was so-opted by black culture sometime during the Tupac Era. When people slag NBA' players as "thug", it's good betthey're not taking about Adam Morris or J. J. Redic. It's absolutely a racial tag.The NBA, more than any other sports entity, has potential to be a bridge between cultures, a way to bring both sides together in cheering some best athletes of any color. It's already produced Jordan, the most widely known athlete in history, and it's gaining ground fast on soccer as the world's best known sport. But it's fragile indeed, with fans in colors viewing basketball as a zero-sum game, where every stereotypically black or white culture apparently forces out it's ethic opposite. But with serious image problems, another slat falls out of the bridge. And it's not hard to imagine a time when nobody will be interested in crossing over.31. Why isn't the world singing the praise of the NBA?[A] NFL, NASCAR, MLB are better than NBA.[B] Because of the racialism in NBA.[C] The NBA today has a serious image problem.[D] White people don't like NBA games.32. What can we infer from this passage?[A] Black people buy tickets to see white people play games in NBA.[B] NBA players who have ever-upward-spiraling paychecks shape the league's bad image.[C] Emotional distance between NBA and the whites is NBA players' skills.[D] Hip-hop culture is harmful to NBA.33. We can infer from the fifth paragraph ______.[A] the word "thug" means racial tag.[B] the blacks always let people associate to "thug" during the Tupac Era.[C] pepole considered NBA as lawless-blacks image.[D] Adam Morris and J. J. Redic are not black people.34. What's the author's attitude about NBA as a "bridge" ?[A] Optimistic. [B] Indifferent. [C] Neutral. [D] Skeptical.35. What's the best title of this passage?[A] No Room for White in NBA? [B] NBA's Best Ages[C] Black and White [D] Edges of NBATEXT 4Walt Disney could have built his biggest theme park anywhere. He chose Florida. The weather is balmy, and when it gets too hot there are lots of pools to cool off in, says. Meg Crofton, Walt Disney World's CEO'. Florida also offers plenty of space to expand. Disney World, which was first carved out of wild woodland in 1971, has swollen to four parks covering 40 square miles ( 104 sq km) and employing 60 000 "cast members". Contrary to the stereotype of rapid flow in the service sector, the average full-time employee sticks around for nine years.Florida's business climate is sunny, too. The Milken Institute, a think-tank in California, compiles an index of "best-performing cities" in America, a composite measure of such things as job creation, wage growth and whether businesses are thriving. In the most recent index, six of the top ten metropolitan areas are in Florida. ( Orlando-Kissimmee is sixth. ) And 18 of the top 30 are in the South.For a long time the South's weather got in the way of its development. Richard Pillsbury, a geography professor at Georgia State University, describes traditional life in the lowland South, a region stretching from northern V irginia down to the Gulf coast of Texas: "Smallish barren farms almost lost in the white heat of a hot and humid summer sun as the owners and their help fought swarms of mosquitoes to plant, cultivate and harvest the meagre cotton crop for market." Then air-conditioning came. As it spread after the World War Ⅱ, the South became suddenly more comfortable to live and work in. From the 1940s until the 1980s the region boomed. In his book Old South, New South, Gavin Wright lists four reasons why Federal defence spending stimulated growth. Sunshine attracted skilled professionals. The South, having developed so little in the past, was a "clean slate", without strong labour unions, entrenched bureaucracies, restrictive laws or outdated machinery. Lastly, given howmuch catching up the South had to do, the potential returns were higher than in the north.Southerners have prospered in part by playing to their traditional strengths. The fame of southern hospitality has bolstered the region's hotel chains, such as Holiday Inn. That of southern cuisine helps local restaurants, such as Waffle House, Cracker Barrel and KFC. Arkansas-based Wal-Mart, the world's largest retailer, has kept costs low by refusing to recognize unions. And Coca-Cola owes at least some of its success to its southern origins.36. In contrast to Disney World, one of the characters in the service sector is that ______.[A] most of the staff are full-time.[B] most of the staff are part-time.[C] workers are reluctant to be employed in a company for long.[D] most companies run smoothly less than nine years.37. When mentioning "the South's weather got in the way of its development" (Line I, Paragraph 3), the author is talking about ______.[A] the reason why Walt Disney chose Floridaing.[B] the reason why air-conditioning spread in the South.[C] the South's weather obstructs the progress of development.[D] the key factor to the success of the South.38. In Old South, New South, Gavin Wright believes that ______.[A] the more investment the more returns in the South.[B] labour unions get in the way of development of the North.[C] more experts came to the South because of its climate.[D] the legal environment plays a part in the development of the South.39. Which of the following best defines the word "bolster" ( Line 2, Paragraph 4)?[A] Flourish. [B] Reinforce. [C] Cushion. [D] Blossom.40. The text intends to express the idea that ______.[ A] the reason why Walt Disney chose Florida. [B] the reason why the South is a great place to work.[C] the history of the development of the South. [D] the reason why the South is superior to the North.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list [A]-[G] writ into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.If you think you can make the planet better by clever shopping, think again. Y ou might make it worse.Y ou probably go shopping several times a month, providing yourself with lots of opportunities to express your opinions. If you are worried about the environment, you might buy organic food; if you want to help poor farmers, you can do your bit by buying Fairtrade products; or you can express a dislike of evil multinational companies and rampant globalization by buying only local produce. And the best bit is that shopping, unlike voting, is fun; so you can do good and enjoy yourself at the same time.Sadly, it's not that easy. (41) . People who want to make the world a better place cannot do so by shifting their shopping habits: transforming the planet requires duller disciplines, like politics.Organic food, which is grown without man-made pesticides and fertilisers, is generally assumed to be more environmentally friendly than conventional intensive farming, which is heavily reliant on chemical inputs. But it all depends on what you mean by "environmentally friendly". Farming is inherently bad for the environment: since humans took it up around 11 000 years ago, the result has been deforestation on a massive scale.(42) . Organic methods, which rely on crop rotation, manure and compost in place of fertiliser, are far less intensive. So producing the world's current agricultural output organically would require several times as much land as is currently cultivated. There wouldn't be much room left for the rainforest.Fairtrade food is designed to raise poor farmers' incomes. It is sold at a higher price than ordinary food, witha subsidy passed back to the farmer. But prices of agricultural commodities are low because of overproduction,(43) .Surely the case for local food, produced as close as possible to the consumer in order to minimise "food miles" and, by extension, carbon emissions, is clear? Surprisingly, it is not. A study of Britain's food system found that nearly half of food-vehicle miles (i. e. , miles travelled by vehicles carrying food) were driven by cars going to and from the shops. Most people live closer to a supermarket than a farmer's market, so more local food could mean more food-vehicle miles. Moving food around in big, carefully packed lorries, as supermarkets do, may in fact be the most efficient way to transport the stuffWhat's more, once the energy used in production as well as transport is taken into account, local food may turn out to be even less green. (44) . And the local-food movement's aims, of course, contradict those of the Fairtrade movement, by discouraging rich-country consumers from buying poor-country produce. But since the local-food movement looks suspiciously like old-fashioned protectionism masquerading as concern for the environment, helping poor countries is presumably not the point.(45) . The problems lie in the means, not the ends. The best thing about the spread of the ethical-food movement is that it offers grounds for hope. It sends a signal that there is an enormous appetite for change and widespread frustration that governments are not doing enough to preserve the environment, reform world trade or encourage development.[A] The aims of much of the ethical-food movement--to protect the environment, to encourage development and to redress the distortions in global trade--are admirable.[B] By maintaining the price, the Fairtrade system encourages farmers to produce more of these commodities rather than diversifying into other crops and so depresses prices--thus achieving, for most farmers, exactly the opposite of what the initiative is intended to do.[C] Proper free trade would be by far the best way to help,poor farmers. Taxing carbon would price the cost of emissions into the price of goods, and retailers would then have an incentive to source locally if it saved energy. [D] There are good reasons to doubt the claims made about three of the most popular varieties of "ethical" food: organic food, Fairtrade food and local food.[E] But following the "green revolution" of the 1960s greater use of chemical fertiliser has tripled grain yields with very little increase in the area of land under cultivation.[F] And since only a small fraction of the mark-up on Fairtrade foods actually goes to the farmer--most goes to the retailer-the system gives rich consumers an inflated impression of their largesse and makes alleviating poverty seem too easy.[G] Producing lamb in New Zealand and shipping it to Britain uses less energy than producing British lamb, because fanning in New Zealand is less energy-intensive.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.WHO was the first modern artist.9 How about Giorgione? (46)A far-fetched notion, perhaps, but this Renaissance V enetian revolutionized painting--and his work, focusing on subjects such as bodies, landscapes and female beauty, was titled "modern" by the leading art commentator of the day, V asari.Giorgione was not alone, as illustrated by the excellent catalogue accompanying the exhibition "Bellini, Giorgione, Titian, and the Renaissance of V enetian Painting" now showing at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. (47)What made him, and the generation of artists he inspired, so special was his ability to absorb the new currents of culture then flowing through V enice. A catalyst was Leonardo da V inci, who briefly visited V enice in 1500. In Leonardo's drawings, Giorgione, as well as the younger artist, Titian, and their master, Giovanni Bellini, glimpsed a new conception of the human form, based on observation and expressed in smoky contours and subtle shades of light and dark.Over the subsequent 30 years, one of the most exciting periods in the history of art unfolded. In readable, engaging essays, David Brown and Sylvia Ferino-Pagden, the exhibition's curators, together with a team of top scholars, tell its story. We learn how this triumvirate of V enetian painters devoured not only Leonardo's ideas, but also those of Albrecht Darer, the German artist whose realistic rendering of nature was known in V enice through prints, even before his sojourn there in 1506-7. (48)Darer's work taught V enetian artists that landscape could be an independent element of a painting, rather than just a symbolic backdrop for religious subjects.The result was a new style full of natural movement, sensuality and poetic atmosphere. (49) V enetian painting had long been characterized by its jewel-like color--obtained by grinding colored glass and minerals--but now it was applied in a way that gave art the kiss of life.Giorgione blazed the trail. A top student of Bellini, he later forged his own style, inspired by the current vogue for pastoral love poetry based on recently discovered ancient texts, then the bestsellers of V enice's flourishing printing industry. (50) He excelled at what was known among the educated elite as the model a competition between painting and poetry in which painters sought to prove that they could rival poets in conveying beauty by appealing to the eyes, as well as to the mind. This was revolutionary because it implied that painting originated in the imagination of the artist, rather than being a simple recording of the great and the good, history and religion. It proved painters were creators and not just craftsmen.Section ⅢWriting51. Directions: Last Sunday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered. Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.52. Directions: Write an essay of 160--200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and3) support your view with an example/examples.Y ou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.答案Key to Model Test OneSection ⅠUse of English1．[A] [直击题眼] 对a hillside is best 和but引导的从句之间的语义逻辑关系的正确理解。
2012考研英语全真模拟题答案1-20题
Section ⅠUse of English 参考译⽂ 许多没有到过⼤不列颠的外国⼈把这⾥的所有居民都叫做英格兰⼈，因为他们习惯于把⼤不列颠群岛认为是英格兰。
实际上，⼤不列颠群岛上有许多民族，只有英格兰的⼈才把⾃⼰称为英格兰⼈。
⽽其他⼈称⾃⼰为威尔⼠⼈、苏格兰⼈和爱尔兰⼈，事情可能就是这样。
把他们⼀概统称为“英国⼈”，常会使他们感到有点⽣⽓。
即使在英格兰也有许多地区性特点和⾔语⽅⾯的差别。
主要区别存在于南英格兰与北英格兰之间。
从布⾥斯托到伦敦的连线以南,⼈们说的英语就是外国学⽣通常所学的那种英语,尽管有些地⽅性差异。
再往北的⽅⾔通常⽐英国南部⽅⾔的差异“更⼤”。
北部⼈往往声称他们⽐南部⼈更勤奋,因⽽更纯正。
他们真诚和殷勤。
外国⼈常常发现，他们很快就与北部⼈交上朋友。
北部⼈⼀般⼼宽体胖胃⼝好，例如,到兰开郡或约克郡的参观者在吃饭时可以有望得到丰盛的饭菜。
在⼝⾳和特征⽅⾯，⽶德兰(英格兰中部地区)的⼈代表了从南部型英格兰⼈到北部型英格兰⼈的逐渐变化。
在苏格兰,字母“r”所表⽰的⾳是强⾳,并且“r”常常在有些词中读出声来,在南部英语中这些词中的“r”是不发⾳的。
据说，苏格兰是⼀个严肃、谨慎、节俭的民族，更有创造⼒并且有点神秘感。
英伦三岛的所有凯尔特⼈种(威尔⼠、爱尔兰⼈、苏格兰⼈)常被描述成⽐英格兰⼈更加“脾⽓暴躁”。
他们具有与英格兰⼈完全不同的⾎统。
1. [答案] [D]In fact [注释] 逻辑搭配。
in fact 实际上;常表⽰语⽓的转折。
in consequence因此; in brief简短地;总⽽⾔之; in general ⼀般来说。
从上下⽂的逻辑意思看，in fact最为贴切。
2. [答案] [C]refer [注释] 词义型结构搭配。
refer to...as 把…称做…; confine...to 把…局限于;管制;attach...to 缚上,系上,贴上,使…依附于,使…依恋; add to (= increase) 增加。
2012年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案
2012年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案D2012年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案(一) Flatfish, such as the flounder, are among the few vertebrates that lack approximate bilateral symmetry (symmetry in which structures to the left and right of the body’s midline are mirror images). Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement: before maturity one eye migrates, so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head. While in most species with asymmetries virtually all adults share the same asymmetry, members of the starry flounder species can be either left-eyed (both eyes on the left side of head) or right-eyed. In the waters between the United States and Japan, the starry flounder populations vary from about 50 percent left-eyed off the United States West Coast, through about 70 percent left-eyed halfwayIn all flatfish the optic nerves cross, so that the right optic nerve is joined to the brain’s left side and vice versa. This crossing introduces an asymmetry, as one optic nerve must cross above or below the other. G. H. Parker reasoned that if, for example, a flatfish’s left eye migrated when the right optic nerve was on top, there would be a twisting of nerves, which might be mechanically disadvantageous. For starry flounders, then, the left-eyed variety would be selected against, since in a starry flounder the left optic nerve is uppermost.The problem with the above explanation is that the Japanese starry flounder population is almost exclusively left-eyed, and natural selection never promotes a purely less advantageous variation. As other explanations proved equally untenable, biologists concluded that there is no important adaptive difference between left-eyedness and right-eyedness, and thatthe two characteristics are genetically associated with some other adaptively significant characteristic. This situation is one commonly encountered by evolutionary biologists, who must often decide whether a characteristic is adaptive or selectively neutral. As for the left-eyed and right-eyed flatfish, their difference, however striking, appears to be an evolutionary red herring.1. According to the text, starry flounder differ form most other species of flatfish in that starry flounder[A] are not basically bilaterally symmetric.[B] do not become asymmetric until adulthood.[C] do not all share the same asymmetry.[D] have both eyes on the same side of the head.2. Which of the following best describes the organization of the text as a whole?[A] A phenomenon is described and an interpretation presented and rejected.[B] A generalization is made and supporting evidence is supplied and weighed.[C] A contradiction is noted and a resolution is suggested and then modified.[D] A series of observations is presented and explained in terms of the dominant theory.3. The text supplies information for answering which of the following questions?[A] Why are Japanese starry flounder mostly left-eyed?[B] Why should the eye-sidedness in starry flounder be considered selectively neutral?[C] Why have biologists recently become interested in whether a characteristic is adaptive or selectively neutral?[D] How do the eyes in flatfish migrate?4. Which of the following is mostclearly similar to a cline as it is described in the second paragraph of the text?[A] A vegetable market in which the various items are grouped according to place of origin.[B] A wheat field in which different varieties of wheat are planted to yield a crop that will bring the maximum profit.[C] A flower stall in which the various species of flowers are arranged according to their price.[D] A housing development in which the length of the front struts supporting the porch of each house increases as houses are built up the hill.5. Which of the following phrases from the text best expresses the author’s conclusion about the meaning of the difference between left-eyed and right-eyed flatfish?[A] “Most striking” (line 3, paragraph1)[B] “variation is adaptive” (line 2,paragraph 2)[C] “mechanically disadvantageous”(line 7, paragraph 3)[D] “evolutionary red herring” (line 9, paragraph 4)[答案与考点解析]1. 【答案】C【考点解析】这是一道细节推导题。
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【2012考研必备资料】张剑考研英语模拟题第二套试题Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Valentine’s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__ the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for the year.Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day __9__ a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the __13__ of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—V alentine’s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.Valentine’s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover’s heart may still be used to __18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.1.［A］While ［B］When ［C］Though ［D］Unless2.［A］upon ［B］back ［C］off ［D］away3.［A］honor ［B］belief ［C］hand ［D］way4.［A］problems ［B］secrets ［C］names ［D］intentions5.［A］rolls ［B］piles ［C］works ［D］slips6.［A］cast ［B］caught ［C］drew ［D］found7.［A］given ［B］chosen ［C］elected ［D］delivered8.［A］tells ［B］means ［C］makes ［D］has9.［A］after ［B］since ［C］as ［D］from10.［A］ordered ［B］pleaded ［C］envisioned ［D］believed11.［A］other ［B］simply ［C］rather ［D］all12.［A］disliked ［B］defied ［C］defeated ［D］dishonored13.［A］celebration ［B］arrangement［C］feast ［D］eve14.［A］goat ［B］saint ［C］model ［D］weapon15.［A］because ［B］made ［C］instead ［D］learnt16.［A］part ［B］representative［C］judgement ［D］symbol17.［A］story ［B］wander ［C］arrow ［D］play18.［A］portray ［B］require ［C］demand ［D］alert19.［A］Keeping ［B］Disapproving［C］Supporting ［D］Forgetting20.［A］constructive ［B］damaging ［C］reinforcing ［D］retorting答案1. B2. A3.A4.C5.D6.C7.B8.D9.A 10.A11. C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.D 17.C 18.A 19D. 20. B总体分析本文介绍了情人节的由来。
第一段介绍情人节的前身牧神节以及该节日里抽签选恋人的庆祝活动。
第二段介绍情人节是为了纪念一位罗马牧师。
第三段指出情人节已经成为爱的主要象征。
试题精解1.［精解］本题考查连词用法辨析。
空格处填入的连词应反映空格所在分句和下一句之间的逻辑关系。
四个选项，while表时间或让步，意为“当……的时候”或“虽然，尽管”；when表时间，意为“当……的时候”；though表让步，意为“尽管，虽然”；unless表条件，意为“除非”。
根据文意，两个分句之间是时间关系，因此需要在while和when之间选择。
when既可指一段时间，也可指一个时间点，既可表示持续的动作，也可表示一时性的动作；while则只能表示持续性的动作或状态。
如：When she comes,（指一个时间点，不能用while）I shall tell her to wait for you.（她来的时候我会叫她等你的。
）When Jim was reading,（指一段时间，可用while）Jack was writing.（吉姆阅读的时候，杰克在写东西。
）空格所在分句中的动作roamed不是持续性的动作，只能用when，［B］正确。
2．［精解］本题考查短语动词辨析。
空格处填入的介词或副词与call构成短语动词，接sb. to do sth.作复合宾语。
符合要求的是［A］，call upon sb. to do sth.意为“请求/要求某人做某事”，如：We call on every friend to support the plan.（我们请求每一位朋友支持这项计划。
）call back意为“回电话；叫（某人）回去”，如：She was about to leave when her secretary called her back.（她正要离开突然秘书叫她回去。
）call off意为“取消，停止进行”，一般接sth.作宾语，如：call off a deal/trip（取消交易/旅行）。
call away意为“叫走，叫到别处去”，如：He was called away by his friends.（他被朋友叫走了。
）3．［精解］本题考查固定短语。
不存在in sb’s belief的搭配，所以首先排除［B］。
其它项构成的固定搭配是：in sb.’s/sth.’s honor意为“向……表示敬意”，其形式也可以是in honor of sb./sth.，如：a ceremony in honor of those killed in the explosion（为纪念爆炸中的死难者所举行的仪式）。
in sb’s hands意为“受某人照料，被某人控制”，如：The matter is now in my lawyer’s hands.（这件事现在由我律师处理。
）in sb’s way意为“以某人特有的方式”或“挡某人的路”，如：She does love you in her (own) way.（她的确是以她特有的方式爱你。
）You’ll have to move—you’re in my way.（你得挪一挪，你挡了我的路。
）根据文意，应选［A］，表示“向他（即，牧神卢帕克斯）表示敬意”。
4．［精解］本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。
从空格所在的句子起到本段末为一个意群，其内容是关于抽签选恋人的活动。
由本段末句的name可知，本题应选［C］，表示“女孩的名字被写在纸上”。
其它项，［A］问题，［B］秘密，［D］意图，都不符合上下文文意。
5．［精解］本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。
空格处填入名词，与of paper搭配。
rolls of sth.意为“卷”，如：rolls of carpet/film（几卷地毯/胶卷）。
piles of sth.意为“成堆的东西”或“大量的东西”，如：piles of dirty washing（成堆待洗的脏衣服），piles of work（大量的工作）。
works意为“著作，作品；工厂”，不与paper搭配。
slip本身意为“纸条，便条，小纸片”，它常与of paper搭配，还是表示“纸条”。
由于下文即本段倒数第二句出现了a slip，根据文意，应选［D］。
6．［精解］本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。
选项为四个动词的过去式形式。
cast意为“（用力）投，掷，抛”，如：cast anchor（抛锚）；catch意为“接住，拦住；捉住”，如：catch the keys as they fall（接住掉下来的钥匙），catch mice（捉老鼠）；draw意为“抽（签，牌），抓（阄）”，如：He drew the winning ticket.（他抽到中奖彩券了。