辽宁省抚顺市四方高级中学2016-2017学年高一上学期期
辽宁省抚顺市四方高级中学高一语文上学期期中试题
辽宁省抚顺市四方高级中学2016-2017学年高一语文上学期期中试题考试时间：120分钟分数：120分一、阅读下面的文章，完成1——3题。
（共9分）任何民族的饮食乃至由饮食折射出的文化特质都体现了这个民族独一无二的文化风范。
中华文化的核心理念体现在“和”字上，“和”有“中和”“融合”之意。
中华饮食的发展鲜明地体现了“和”文化的思想精髓。
中华饮食起源于农耕文明，大量食物来自土地。
随着民族文化的交融，汉族逐渐接受了游牧民族的“肉食”饮食方式，扩大了食物范围，丰富了饮食结构。
汉唐以后，中亚及东南亚等地的食物品种大量引进，增补了中华饮食品种。
近世以来，西方饮食理念与方式得到认同，具有现代特征的中华饮食形态逐渐形成。
翻开中国食谱，到底哪种是地道的中国食物或外来食物，人们恐怕已经模糊。
大量外来食物品种能够进入中国并转化为饮食的有机部分，不仅在于地理条件与自然气候为其提供了生长发展的基本环境，更重要的还在于中国人将其放在“和”文化的平台上加以吸纳。
在对外来食物或饮食方式的同化过程中，中华饮食突显出“本土化”的内在机制与运作模式，而本土性是始终坚持的首要原则。
中国南方多水田，北方多旱地。
米和面成为中国人的主食，水、旱地中生长的瓜果蔬菜成为与主食相伴的食物，家畜、水产品及野猎的动物大多成为改善人们生活的佳肴。
尽管这种饮食结构及生活方式在物质极大丰富后发生了巨大变化，但中华饮食最根本的本土性特质却仍以不同形式存在，且构成中华饮食文化体系最为坚实的基础。
在世界上任何一个提供“中式餐饮”的餐馆与酒店中，中国本土化饮食要素不可或缺。
只有中国本土性的饮食原料与中国厨艺有机结合，人们才能真正品尝到中华美食的滋味。
中华饮食引进外来食物的过程，一是接受，二是消融。
引进接受是前提，消融改造是目的。
经过消融改造的食物同时被赋予新的含义，融入到传统的中华饮食中。
如原产非洲的油料作物“芝麻”，在中华饮食长期实践与探索中还被广泛地用为调味品，与本土饮食有机结合，被加入到许多甜馅、糕点、饼类食品中。
辽宁省抚顺县高级中学、第二高级中学、四方高中高一英语上学期期中试卷
辽宁省抚顺县高级中学、第二高级中学、四方高中高一英语上学期期中试卷英语试卷命题单位：四方高中本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，考试时刻为90分钟，满分100分。
第I卷第一部分阅读明白得（共两节，满分40分）(共15题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AMany teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members, especially their par ents, don’t know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it i s often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they ca n only go to their friends for advice. It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or many friends. Even when they are not with the ir friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing u p, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.However, parents often try to choose their children’s friends for the m. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good fr iends. The question of “choice”is an interesting one. Have you ever th ought of the following questions?Who choose your friends?Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?Have you got a good friend that your parents don’t like?1. Many teenagers think their _____know them better than their paren ts do.A. friendsB. teachersC. brothers and sistersD. classmates2. When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to _________.A. go to their friendsB. talk with their parentsC. have a discussion with their familyD. talk with their friends on the phone3. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?A. Parents should like everything their children enjoy.B. In all families, children can choose everything they like.C. Parents should try their best to understand their children better.D. Teenagers can only go to their friends for help.4. The main idea of this passage is that ___________.A. Teenagers need friendsB. Friends can give good adviceC. Parents often choose their children’s friends for themD. Good friends can communicate with each otherBSir Edmund Hillary is famous for being the first person to climb Mt. Everest (珠穆朗玛峰).What many people do not know is that Sir Hillary did not make it t o the top of Everest the first time he tried. The first attempt was a comp lete failure. His climbing party met one problem after another and more t han half of his climbing party died.However, the British Parliament (议会) decided to honor him with so me type of award. When he entered the chamber to receive his award, Si r Hillary saw that a large picture of Everest had been set up.During the standing welcome that he was receiving, he walked over to the picture, shook his fist at it and said, “You won, this time. But yo u are as big as you are ever going to get. And I'm still growing.”We frequently hear the stories of people who have succeeded. And w e frequently assume that they succeeded the first time.But in fact it's the exact opposite.The road to success is paved with the bricks of failure.5.The first attempt was a failure, because ______A. Sir Hillary did not make it.B. His climbing party came across problems.C. More than half of his climbing party diedD. Many people don’t know6.Where did he shake his fist?A. Before the pictureB. Before Mt. EverestC. Before the audienceD. Before failure7.People usually think that ______, but the fact is not so.A. Sir Hillary is the first person to climb Mt. EverestB. Sir Hillary received the awardC. Sir Hillary is still goingD. Sir Hillary succeeded the first time8.This passage mainly tells us________A. Where there is a will, there is a way.B. No pains, No ga insC. Failure is the mother of success.D. All roads lead to Rome.CChicago twins Deprice and Shaprice Hunt were accepted into 56 coll eges and have earned about $1.6 million in scholarships.Of the 56 schools, Shaprice has been accepted into 35 colleges, two of which have offered her a full-ride scholarship. She said that she earne d $1.3 million in scholarships. Shaprice wants to choose either Illinois Sta te University or Eastern Illinois University and major in Education and Ps ychology.Deprice, who is a youth activist in Chicago, has been accepted into 27 schools. He earned $300.000 in scholarship and received two full scho larships offers. “My motivation was to make sure my mom didn’t have to be out of pocket,”Deprice said. His top choice is HBCU Morehouse College, which he said is his dream school. He also said that he wants t o study Performing Arts and Political Science.In addition to their acceptance letters and scholarships, the twins are proud of their perfect attendance and a total of 48 awards throughout th eir high school years.The Hunt twins praise their family and teachers for their successes. They said that it is easy, especially in Chicago, to let negative beliefs ab out black youth get the best of someone.Deprcie decided to tell their story in the hope of inspiring others. “A lot of people say you can’t do it because of where you are from”De price said. “Don’t listen to them.”The twins said they know financial problems held a lot of teens back. But it is important to be persistent. “Never give up,”Shaprice said, “Picture your future. Not only to make yourself proud but make your family proud too.”The twins said their hope is for every child, no matter what their ra ce or background is, to have an opportunity to go to college. Deprice sai d it is important for him and his sister to continue to use their voices to encourage other teens, even after they go off to college.9. How much more scholarship does Shaprice earn than Deprice？A. ＄1.3millionB. ＄300.000C.＄1.6millionD.1million10. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?Both of the twins got full scholarships.The twins got 48 awards in total throughout their school years.The twins owe their success to their family and teachers and their pe rsistence.In Chicago, most black youth don’t believe in themselves.11.Why did Deprice plan to tell their experience to others?A. Because he is so proud of himself and his sister.B. Because there are always many difficulties in teens’schoollife.C. Because he wants to encourage the black youth to fight for their dream.D. Because it is easy in Chicago to get the best of everyone.12.Which of the following words can best describe the twins?determined and gratefulbrave and warm-heartedkind and proudpolite and easy-goingDA new study shows that getting half of American 8- to 11-year-olds into 25 minutes of physical activity three times a week would save $21.9 billion in medical costs over their lifetimes,.The increase from the current 32 percent to 50 percent of kids takin g part in exercise, active play, or sports would also result in 340,000 few er overweight teenagers.“Physical activity not only makes kids feel better and helps them develop healthy habits, it’s also good for the nation’s bottom line,”sa ys Bruce Y. Lee, executive director of the Global Obesity Prevention Cen ter at Johns Hopkins University. “Our findings show that encouraging exe rcise and investing in physical activity when kids are young pays big divi dends as they grow up.”The study, published in the journal Health Affairs, suggests an even bigger advantage if every 8 to 11-year-old in the United States exercised 75 minutes over three times in a week. In that case, the researchers esti mate(估量), $62.3 billion in medical costs over the course of their lifetim es could be avoided and 1.2 million fewer youths would be overweight. And the money would increase if not just current 8-to-11 year olds, but e very future elementary school child joined their game.Exercise at least 25 minutes a day, three days a week, is a guideline developed for kids by the Sports and Fitness Industry Association. An o verweight person’s lifetime medical costs average $62,331. For the overw eight person, these amounts are great.“Even a little increase in physical activity could cause billions of d ollars in savings,”Lee says. He also says there are other benefits of phy sical activity that don’t affect weight, such as improving bone density, i mproving mood, and building muscle.Lee says “We need to be adding physical education programs and not cutting them. We need to encourage kids to be active, to reduce scre en time and get them running around again. It’s important for their phys ical health and the nation’s financial(经济的) health.”13.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?Getting kids to run would save money.Physical activity is important for kids.Physical education programs: adding or cutting?Overweight person’s lifetime medical costs are increasing.What’s the underlined words’meaning in paragraph3?A. pays much moneyB. pays little moneyC. plays an important partD. is a serious questionWhat can we infer from the passage?The number of American kids from 8 to 11who take part in physical activity is increasing.Physical education programs should be cut to encourage the nation’s financial health.25 minutes of physical activity three times a week may result in few er overweight teenagers.Physical activity can only make kids feel better but can’t help them develop healthy habits.第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）依照短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
辽宁省抚顺市四方高级中学高一9月月考语文试题 含答案
四方高中2016级高一9月月考试题 语 文 命题人：曹桂敏 校对人： 杨静 考试时间：120分钟 分数：120分 一、阅读下面的文章，完成1——3题。
（共9分） 居民健康问题已经成为国际社会与各国政府所关注的主要社会问题，实施基于居民健康的社会发展战略已成为推进社会和谐发展的重要措施，它不仅可以促进全社会的参与，统筹优先配置社会资源，而且可以协调政府和社会各部门之间的责任与发展目标，还可以规范居民个人的生活行为，充分体现了与其他社会公共政策的互补性。
基于个人健康——健康社区——健康城市——健康国家的理念，建立由“个人健康”发展到“健康国家”的战略思想，这不仅构建了新的社会健康价值理念，而且立足于国家层面，为医疗卫生服务的发展明确了新的方向，也使卫生改革与发展的传统模式得以创新。
基于居民健康的国家发展战略，其核心是研究影响居民健康的决定因素以及改善居民健康状况所需要的政策及环境。
这一战略是一个跨部门、与各项社会政策相关的发展战略，也是一种将健康决定因素与其相关政策有机结合起来的发展战略。
它不仅建立了具体而明确的指标体系，而且具有比较准确可信的实证数据支持，并有与之配套的完整的评价与监督指标体系，这样不仅能够随时了解战略的实际进程，也能够不断纠正战略实施过程中所出现的偏差。
每个国家都是根据各自的国情，结合其医疗卫生和服务体制的特点，以及居民健康状况的实际情况而制定其战略，并具有自己的特色。
同时，各国的“健康国家”战略计划均为分阶段、逐步提升的发展进程，一般以10年为一个阶段。
“健康国家”战略是一个具有坚实科学背景的发展战略，它是基于公共卫生、流行病学、临床医学、卫生经济与卫生政策等学科，针对居民健康问题进行广泛研究，对居民健康发展高度关注的发展战略，也是不同政府部门和不同学科之间相互配合、共同研究、合作实施的高层次社会发展战略，这一战略以其充分的协调潜力而有助于改善居民的健康状况。
1.下列对“健康国家”发展战略的理解，不正确的一项是( )（3分）A ．“健康国家”发展战略的核心，是研究影响居民健康的决定因素以及改善居民健康状况所需要的政策及环境。
辽宁省抚顺市四方高级中学2016_2017学年高一英语上学期期中试题
2016－2017学年上学期抚顺四方高中高一期中考试试题 英 语 考试时间：90分钟 分数：120分 第Ⅰ卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 、D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
ALast summer holiday, I took a trip to Yunnan. It is in the southern part of ourcountry .It is really a very beautiful place--grand mountains, clean rivers and kind people. Trees and flowers are seen everywhere. Every year there are lots and lots of visitors. Maybe you have heard abo ut Shi Lin (stone forests). There are all kinds ofstrange stones. Some of the small stones look like graceful girls; and the big stones look like handsome men. Other stones look like cats, peafowls , mice, elephants and so on. Of all the stones, the stone like a beautiful girl in a legend is the most famous .Its name is A Shima.I also went to Li Jiang. The roads in that city are just like the Eight Diagrams.Any road in the city goes to the center of Li Jiang. A river runs through the whole city. If you go along the river, you’ll never get lost. There are many ethnic minority people in Yunnan. They are very cordial. And they all like singing and dancing. We danced with them around the campfire that night. I really had a good time.I like the elephants and fruits there best. An elephant is even taller than me!I even mounted the elephant, though I was very afraid at first. But the elephant seemed very friendly. I took some photos with it. The fruits there are very fresh and delicious. They are very good for our health.The trip to Yunnan impressed me greatly. I will never forget it.1.Which of the following is not included in the advantages of Yunnan?A. grand mountains.B. clean rivers.C. kind peopleD. good transports.2.The word “cordial” in the third paragraph means ________.A. strangeB. friendlyC. poor .D. unhappy.3.Which of the following is NOT true?A. There are all kinds of strange stones in Stone Forests in Yunnan.B. Some of the stones look like animals while some others like people.C. The elephant is tall a nd fierce to visitors when it’s hungry.D. Yunnan had a nice impression on the writer.4.The suitable title of the passage is _________.A. A good impression.B. A Trip to Yunnan.C. A visit to Shi Lin.D. The beautiful ParadiseBMany teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children's growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to tell their family members.However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?1. Who chooses your friends?2. Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?3. Have you got a good friend your parents don't like?Your answers are welcome.5. Many teenagers think that _____ can understand them better.A. friendsB. brothersC. sistersD. parents6. When teenagers have something difficult to tell their parents, they usually_______.A. stay alone at homeB. fight with their parentsC. discuss it with their friendsD. go to their brothers and sisters for help7. The sentence "Your answers are welcome." means _______.A. you are welcome to discuss the questions with usB. we've got no idea, so your answers are welcomeC. your answers are always rightD. you can give us all the right answers8. Which of the following is the writer's attitude(态度)?A. Parents should choose friends for their children.B. Children should choose everything they like.C. Parents should understand their children better.D. Teenagers should only go to their friends for help.CDuring the last twenty years there has been increasing concern with the quality of the environment. Along with air and water pollutions, noises pollution has been recognized as a serious pollutant. As noise levels have risen, the effects of noise have become more apparent.Noise is defined as "unwanted sound". Causes of noise pollution include traffic, aircraft, rock bands, barking dogs, televisions, garbage trucks, and noise from neighbors, voices, alarms, and watercrafts. Studies show that over forty percent of Americans are disturbed at home or lose sleep because of noise pollution.Noise has bad effects on people and the environment. Nois e causes hearing loss, interferes (妨碍) with human activities at home and work, and is in various ways dangerous to people's health and well being.When we think, talk, listen to music, or sleep, we need quiet. Even low levels of noise can be annoying or frustrating. Sudden increases in volume can make sounds annoying. The quieter the background is, the more penetrating a noise can be.Noise can also make instructions or warning unclear, resulting in accidents. Louder noise bursts can be more disruptive (破坏性).Continued stress can lead to high blood pressure, which is the major cause of some diseases.Long exposure to noise levels above eight-five decibels (分贝) can damage inner cells and lead to hearing loss. Noise can result in the involuntary fear response and can causeadrenaline (肾上腺素) to be pumped into the bloodstream, the heart rate to quicken, muscles to tense, breathing to increase, and the digestive system to slow down.Local government has the responsibility to fight noise pollution. For example, it can regulate the speed of trains through their community. On the other hand, a responsible citizen will never make noise pollution wherever he is.9. How many kinds of environmental pollution are mentioned in the text?A. FiveB. FourC. ThreeD. Two10. According to the text, noise pollution may be caused by _________. .A. vehicles and animalsB. parties and meetingsC. zoos and theatersD. schools and factories11. In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that ___________ .A. people who make noise pollution should be punishedB. the government should offer it's people better education on noise pollutionC. the government should be responsible for noise pollutionD. individuals and government should work together to reduce noise pollutionDApartments for rentIf you are interested, please call 1 646 810 8652.12. Mr. Green works at home and always uses his computer. Mrs. Green likes cooking. Whichapartment should the couple choose?A. The one near Central Park.B. The one near Green Park.C. The one at Second Street.D. The one on the 9th floor.13. If the Smiths want to rent the second apartment, which one of the following facts maymake it impossible?A. Mr. Smith likes big room s and quiet environment.B. Mrs. Smith enjoys watching TV in the evening.C. Jim and Amy are the children and their grandparents live with the family.D. The grandparents want to take a walk in the park nearby every day.14. If you want to enjoy beautiful scenery from your apartment, you can call ______.A. 1 646 810 8652B. 1 646 600 7342C. 1 646 530 6868D. 1 464 600 374215. Which of the following people would probably choose the third apartment?A. A college student who likes museums.B. The Browns who often have dinner outside.C. Mr. John who wants to live in a quiet place.D. Mrs. Smith who does not like to climb stairs.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白出的最佳选项。
辽宁省抚顺县高级中学、第二高级中学、四方高中-学年高一上学期期中考试语文试题 -- 人教版高一上册
阅读下面的文字,完成 1—3 题｡
1 / 32
Word 文档下载后可自行编辑修改很方便
《中国诗词大会》落幕,“飞花令”也在网上成了热搜词｡人们 在感叹选手涉猎之广的同时,也不由发问,“飞花令”究竟是什 么?
“飞花令”本是中国古代一种喝酒时用来罚酒助兴的酒令 ｡不过,它比“五魁首,六六六”之类的民间酒令高难多了,没有 诗词基础的人根本玩不转它,所以这种酒令也成了文人墨客 们的最爱｡
祖母是个极其干净的人,大家闺秀,年轻时候有洁癖,她的床, 别人坐过之后,她都要重新洗一遍｡每天会洗好几遍手和脸, 爱用香皂｡可是她老了,病了,臭气在体内生发｡她的所有器官 都坏了,功能丧失,大便经常要由父亲和叔叔轮流用手指头抠 出来｡每当这时候,祖母只能无可奈何地拉被子遮脸｡有时候 她会像疯子一样发火,有时候会像小孩一样哭｡一生的尊严, 劈里啪啦全毁了｡
Word 文档下载后可自行编辑修改很方便
辽宁省抚顺县高级中学､第二高级中学､ 四方高中-学年高一上学期期中考试语
文试题 -- 人教版高一上册
试题预览
抚顺市三校研训体——上学期高一期中考试
语文试卷
命题单位:四方高中
说明:本试卷分第 I 卷和第 II 卷两部分,考试时间为 150 分钟, 满分 120 分｡
2.下列理解和分析,符合原文意思的一项是()(3 分)
A.“飞花令”本是中国古代一种喝酒时用来罚酒助兴的酒令, 难度低于民间酒令,它对行令者的诗词基础没有要求｡
B.巴金的《家》中有这样一段描写:“淑英说一句‘落花时节 又逢君’,又该下边的淑华吃酒｡”这是行“飞花令”的一种方式｡
C.“风中蜡烛,流半边,留半边”一句不符合“一物双行令”的 行令规则｡
B.父亲和叔叔轮流用手指头抠出祖母的大便时,祖母像疯子 一样发火､像小孩一样哭的描写,意在表现父亲和叔叔的孝心, 更表现出祖母生活能力丧失后的悲惨｡
辽宁省抚顺市四方高级中学2016-2017学年高一9月月考政治试题 含答案
学必求其心得，业必贵于专精 四方高中2016级高一9月月考试题 政 治 命题人：张雪 校对人：王蔚 张立强 考试时间：60分钟 分数：100分一、选择题（每题中有的只有一个正确答案，每小题3分，共75分）1。
下列属于商品的是 （ ）①农贸市场上待售的蔬菜 ②农民自产自用的蔬菜③阳光 ④商店里卖的衣服⑤民用电、自来水 ⑥送给同学的生日礼物A 。
①②③④⑤⑥ B.②③④⑤⑥C. ①④⑤ D 。
②④⑥2、货币的本质是一般等价物，下面对一般等价物认识正确的的是①价值相等的商品 ②能与其他商品相交换的商品③能与其他一切商品相交换，表现其他一切商品价值的商品④它是与货币一起产生的⑤它在商品交换中起媒介作用 ⑥金银 A. ①② B 。
③⑤ C. ④⑥ D 。
①③ 姓 名班 级考 号装 订线 内 不 要 答 卷3、作为“起点中文网"的付费用户,小杨同学总能通过即时付费或提前充值在第一时间读到最新的网络文学作品。
小杨付费阅读时可能用到的货币的职能可能是①价值尺度②流通手段③贮藏手段④支付手段A. ①②B. ②④C. ①④D. ②③4、纸币是由国家发行的强制使用的，这就是说①在一定时期内发行多少纸币是由国家决定的②纸币的面值（1元、10元、100元）是由国家决定的③每种面值纸币各发行多少是由国家决定的④每种面值的纸币各代表多少价值是由国家决定的A.①②③B.②③④C.①③D.②④5、某网站针对2013年下半年通货膨胀预期做了详细的调查,网友对可能出现的情况保持乐观的状态。
如果出现通货膨胀,就会( )①引起物价上涨②直接阻碍商品流通③使商品销售发生困难④影响人们的生活和社会的经济秩序A．①③B．①④C．②③D．①③④6、2013年1月30日,中国人民银行发行北斗卫星导航系统开通运行金银纪念币一套。
该套纪念币共有2枚，其中金币1枚，银币1枚.对此纪念币的正确认识是（）①其本质是商品②具有收藏价值，也可以充当商品交换的媒介③其购买力由国家规定④能表现其他一切商品的价值A。
辽宁省抚顺市高一上学期期中化学试卷
辽宁省抚顺市高一上学期期中化学试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共18题；共36分)1. （2分） (2016高一上·东方期中) 下列各组物质按酸、碱、盐分类顺次排列的是（）A . 硫酸（H2SO4）、纯碱（Na2CO3）、食盐（NaCl）B . 硝酸（HNO3）、烧碱（NaOH）、胆矾（CuSO4•5H2O）C . 醋酸（CH3COOH）、乙醇（C2H5OH）、硫酸铵（（NH4）2SO4）D . 盐酸（HCl）、熟石灰（Ca（OH）2）、苛性钠（NaOH）2. （2分） (2016高三上·枣庄期末) 过氧化钠可作为氧气的来源．常温常压下二氧化碳和过氧化钠反应后，若固体质量增加了14g，反应中有关物质物理量正确的是（NA表示阿伏加德罗常数）（）A . AB . BC . CD . D3. （2分） (2019高一上·衡阳期末) 用 NA 表示阿伏加德罗常数的数值，下列说法正确的是（）A . 1 mol Cl2 与足量的铁反应转移的电子数是 2NAB . 常温常压下 22．4 L HCl气体含有的分子数是NAC . 0.1 mol • L-1 CuCl2 溶液中 Cl-数目是 0.2 NAD . 32 gO2 中含有的原子数是NA4. （2分）欲除去某溶液里混有的少量杂质，下列做法中错误的是（括号内的物质为杂质）（）A . KNO3溶液（AgNO3）:加入过量KCl溶液，过滤B . NaCl溶液（BaCl2）：加过量Na2CO3溶液，过滤，再加适量盐酸再加热C . 碘单质I2（NaCl）：加热升华后，再凝华D . NaCl溶液（Br2）：加CCl4 ，萃取分液5. （2分）空气质量指数（AQI）是新修订的《环境空气质量标准》中空气质量评价体系的指标，包括6种污染物：SO2、NO2、PM10、PM2.5、O3和CO．下列说法不正确的是（）A . 大力实施矿物燃料的脱硫脱硝技术可以减少SO2、NOx的排放B . PM2.5是直径≤2.5微米的细颗粒物，其表面积大，易附带有毒有害物质C . O3能消毒杀菌，空气中O3浓度越大越有利于人体健康D . 汽车尾气中的CO主要来自汽油的不完全燃烧6. （2分） (2015高二上·泉州期末) 下物质分类组合正确的是（）A . AB . BC . CD . D7. （2分） (2015高一上·简阳月考) 下列离子方程式中正确的是（）A . H2SO4与Ba（OH）2溶液反应：Ba2++OH﹣+H++SO42﹣═BaSO4↓+H2OB . 将稀硝酸滴加到氯化银固体上：AgCl+H+═Ag++HClC . 澄清的石灰水与稀盐酸反应：H++OH﹣═H2OD . 大理石溶于醋酸的反应：CaCO3+2H+═Ca2++CO2↑+H2O8. （2分） (2018高一上·孝感期中) 下列反应的离子方程式正确的是（）A . NaHCO3溶液与盐酸：CO32-+ 2H+=H2O+CO2↑B . 将少量的铜屑放入硝酸银溶液中：Cu+2Ag+=Cu2++ 2AgC . 用醋酸溶液除水垢：2H++ CaCO3=Ca2++ H2O+CO2↑D . 铁和稀盐酸反应：2Fe+6H+=2Fe3++3 H2↑9. （2分） (2019高一上·莆田期末) 下列说法正确的是（）A . 丁达尔效应不是胶体特有的现象，溶液与浊液也有B . 胶体与其他分散系的本质区别是有丁达尔效应，而其他分散系没有C . 胶体粒子的直径小于10－9mD . 丁达尔效应可用于鉴别胶体和溶液10. （2分） NA为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列叙述正确的是（）A . 1.0 L0.5 mo1·L－1的NaAlO2水溶液中含有的氧原子数为NAB . 7.8g的Na2O2含有的阴离子个数为0.1NAC . 1.0 mo1·L－1的NaCl溶液含有NA个钠离子D . 1 mol羟基与1 mol氢氧根离子所含电子数均为9 NA11. （2分） (2017高一上·山东期中) 标准状况下，现有①6.72L CH4②3.01×1023个HCl分子③13.6g H2S ④0.2mol NH3 ，对这四种气体的关系有以下四种表述：a．体积：②＞③＞①＞④b．物质的量：②＞③＞④＞①c．质量：②＞③＞①＞④d．氢原子个数：①＞③＞④＞②其中正确的是（）A . abcB . bcdC . abcdD . acd12. （2分） (2016高一下·铅山月考) 在强酸性溶液中能大量共存，并且溶液为无色透明的离子组是（）A . Ca2+、Na+、NO3﹣、Fe2+B . Ca2+、Na+、Fe3+、NO3﹣C . K+、Cl﹣、HCO3﹣、NO3﹣D . Mg2+、Cl﹣、NH4+、SO42﹣13. （2分）将溶质的质量分数为a％，物质的量浓度为c1mol·L－1的稀H2SO4蒸发掉一定量的水，使之质量分数为2a％，此时物质的量浓度为c2mol·L－1 ，则c1和c2的数值关系是（）A . c2＝c1B . c2＜c1C . c2＞2c1D . 无法确定14. （2分） (2018高一上·江苏月考) 有关氧化还原反应的叙述正确的是（）A . 化合反应肯定不是氧化还原反应B . 氧化还原反应的实质是有氧元素的得失C . 氧化还原反应中一定有两种元素的价态发生改变D . 有单质参加或生成的化学反应不一定是氧化还原反应15. （2分） (2016高二上·洛阳开学考) 实验室将NaClO3和Na2SO3按物质的量之比2：1倒入烧瓶中，用水浴加热，同时滴入H2SO4 ，产生棕黄色气体X，反应后测得NaClO3和Na2SO3恰好完全反应，则X为（）A . Cl2B . Cl2OC . ClO2D . Cl2O316. （2分）下列微粒中，只具有还原性的是（）A . Na+B . N2C . Cl﹣D . SO32﹣17. （2分） VL 浓度为 0.5mol/L 的盐酸，欲使其浓度增大 1 倍，可采取的措施是（）A . 通入标准状况下的 HCl 气体 11.2VLB . 加入 10mol/L 的盐酸 0.1VL，再稀释至 1.5VLC . 将溶液加热浓缩到 0.5VLD . 加入 2mol/L 的盐酸 VL 混合均匀18. （2分） (2018高一上·大理期中) 下列溶液中Cl-浓度与50mL1mol•L-1AlCl3溶液中Cl-浓度相等的是（）A . 150mL 3mol•L-1的KCl溶液B . 75mL 2.5mol•L-1的CaCl2溶液C . 150mL 3mol•L-1KClO3溶液D . 25mL 2mol•L-1的FeCl3溶液二、非选择题 (共5题；共32分)19. （3分）(2017·黄陵模拟) 人们常用催化剂来选择反应进行的方向．如图所示为一定条件下1mol CH3OH 与O2发生反应时，生成CO、CO2或HCHO的能量变化图[反应物O2（g）和生成物H2O（g）略去]．①在有催化剂作用下，CH3OH与O2反应主要生成________（填“CO、CO2”或“HCHO”）．2HCHO（g）+O2（g）=2CO（g）+2H2O（g）△H=________．②甲醇制取甲醛可用Ag作催化剂，含有AgCl会影响Ag催化剂的活性．用氨水可以溶解除去其中的AgCl，写出该反应的离子方程式：________．20. （8分） (2016高一上·浦东期末) 以下海带提碘的实验方案可以缩短实验时间，避免Cl2和CCl4的毒性．其实验流程如下：回答下列问题：（1）步骤①的操作名称是________；所需玻璃仪器有玻璃棒、烧杯和________．（2）步骤②中加入H2O2后发生反应的化学方程式为________；选择用H2O2做氧化剂的原因是________．（3）检验I2的水溶液中含有单质碘的方法是，取样于试管中，加入淀粉，如溶液显________色，则可证明含有碘单质．（4）步骤③的操作名称是________；石油醚能用作萃取剂，说明石油醚具有的性质是________．（5）步骤⑤通过敞口挥发就能得到固体碘，说明石油醚具有良好的________．21. （6分）氨和硝酸都是重要的工业原料。
辽宁省抚顺县高级中学、第二高级中学、四方高中高一生物上学期期中试题
辽宁省抚顺县高级中学、第二高级中学、四方高中高一生物上学期期中试题生物试卷命题单位：四方高中本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两局部，考试时间为60分钟，总分值100分。
第I卷〔80分〕一、选择题：本大题共40小题，每题2分，在每题给出的四个选项中，只要一项为哪一项契合标题要求的。
1．以下结构中，不含膜结构的细胞器是〔〕A．线粒体和中心体 B．核糖体和中心体C．高尔基体和内质网 D．核糖体和溶酶体2．要将视野右上方的物像移到视野中央，装片移动的方向应为〔〕A．左上方 B．右上方 C．左下方 D．右下方3．最基本的生命系统是〔〕A．种群 B．群落 C．生物圈 D．细胞4．沙漠里生长的植物细胞中，以下物质中含量最多的成分是〔〕A．蛋白质 B．脂肪 C．水 D．核酸5．一匹马突然得病，并全身抽搐，兽医除有的放矢外还要注射〔〕A．食盐水 B．葡萄糖酸钙溶液 C．葡萄糖溶液 D．青霉素6．以下物质中，不属于单糖的是〔〕A．半乳糖 B．葡萄糖 C．乳糖 D．果糖7．原核生物与真核生物最清楚的区别在于有无〔〕A．核物质 B．核膜 C．细胞膜 D．细胞质8．在生物体内含量极少，但对维持生物体正常活动必不可少的元素有〔〕A．Zn、Cu、B、Mn B．Fe、Cu、Mn、CaC．Fe、Mn、Zn、Mg D．Mg、Mn、Cu、Mo9．对细胞能量转换有重要意义的一组细胞器是〔〕A．中心体和核糖体 B．内质网和高尔基体C．叶绿体和线粒体 D．液泡和类囊体10．组成细胞膜的主要成分是〔〕A．磷脂、糖类 B．磷脂、蛋白质C．脂质、蛋白质、无机盐 D．磷脂、蛋白质、核酸11．淀粉、淀粉酶、DNA都是多聚体，它们的构成单位依次是〔〕A．葡萄糖、蛋白质、DNA B．葡萄糖、氨基酸、脱氧核苷酸C．蔗糖、氨基酸、核糖核苷酸 D．麦芽糖、多肽、核苷酸12．以下核苷酸中，在DNA结构中不能够具有的是〔〕13．在细胞质中与核膜、细胞膜具有结构直接联络的细胞器是〔〕A．高尔基体 B．叶绿体 C．内质网 D．液泡14．〝SARS〞病毒的遗传物质中含有核苷酸的种类及碱基的种类区分是〔〕A．1、4 B．5、8 C．4、4 D．5、415．以下关于生物组织中三大无机物的鉴定操作步骤的表达中，正确的选项是〔〕A．鉴定恢复糖时需水浴加热才干出现砖白色沉淀B．用于鉴定可溶性恢复糖的斐林试剂，可直接用于蛋白质的鉴定C．鉴定可溶性恢复糖时，要参与斐林试剂甲摇匀后再参与乙液D．双缩脲试剂A液和B液要混合平均后，再参与含样品的试管中16．对染色体和染色质的描画错误的选项是〔〕A．染色质和染色体的形状结构、化学成分完全相反B．染色质是细胞核内易被碱性染料染成深色的物质C．染色体或染色质的主要成分是DNA和蛋白质D．染色体或染色质存在于真核细胞的细胞核中17．迷信家常用哺乳植物红细胞作资料来研讨细胞膜的组成，是由于〔〕A．哺乳植物红细胞的细胞膜在光学显微镜下容易观察到B．哺乳植物红细胞容易失掉C．哺乳植物红细胞在水中容易涨破D．哺乳植物成熟的红细胞内没有核膜、线粒体膜等膜结构18．以下物质中属于构成生物体蛋白质的氨基酸的是〔〕A．NH2—CH2—COOH B．NH2—CH2—CH2OHNH2 COOHC．NH2—CH—(CH2)2—COOH D．HOOC—CH—CH2—COOH19．以下几组化合物中，属于脂质的一组是〔〕A．酶、胰岛素、血红蛋白 B．核糖核酸、脱氧核糖核酸C．胆固醇、性激素、维生素 D．葡萄糖、纤维素、性激素20．以下哪一项不是作为系统的边界---细胞膜在细胞生命活动中的作用〔〕A．将细胞与外界环境分隔开 B．控制细胞的代谢和遗传C．控制物质进出细胞 D．停止细胞间的信息交流21．幼小植物体内自在水与结合水的比值不时增大时，植物体内新陈代谢生动，生长迅速；自在水与结合水的比值不时减小时，植物体内的新陈代谢削弱，生长缓慢。
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辽宁省抚顺市四方高级中学2016-2017学年高一上学期期中考试化学试卷一、单选题（共20小题）1．下列有关说法正确的是（ ）A ．化学实验室中的蔗糖纯度很高，可用来食用B ．实验室中制取完有毒气体，开窗通风即可C ．为了节约用水，实验室中用过的废洗液，可以用来冲洗厕所D ．不能用手接触药品，不要把鼻孔凑到容器口去闻药品的气味，不得尝任何药品的味道 考点：化学实验基础操作 答案：D试题解析：实验室中的蔗糖加工时，可能用了有毒的物质，会有残留，不能食用，A 错误；有毒的气体要进行尾气处理，不能通风排到外面，B 错误；实验室用过的废洗液必须经过特殊的处理方能排放，C 错误；D 操作的正确的。
2．每个公民都应该有安全意识，近几年频繁发生的有关化学品泄漏或爆炸事件一次又一次给我们敲响了警钟。
下列做法存在安全隐患的是（ ）①将水沿着烧杯内壁缓缓加入到浓H 2SO 4中，并用玻璃棒不断搅拌 ②给试管中的液体加热时，应将试管倾斜，试管口斜向上，与桌面成45°角，直接集中在药品处加热 ③夜间发生厨房煤气泄漏，应立即开灯检查煤气泄漏的原因，并打开所有门窗通风 ④废旧电池应回收处理 ⑤不慎将浓H 2SO 4沾在皮肤上，立即用NaOH 溶液冲洗 ⑥氢气还原氧化铜实验中先加热再通氢气 A ．全部 B ．①②③⑤⑥C ．①③⑤⑥D ．③⑤⑥考点：化学实验基础操作 答案：C试题解析：①中为防爆沸，应酸入水；③中若立即开灯，会产生电火花，可能引燃煤气发生爆炸；⑤应立即先用大量水冲洗，再涂抹碳酸氢钠溶液；⑥该实验应先通氢气再加热，以防氢气和装置内的氧气加热时发生爆炸。
②④的处理是正确的，正确选项C 。
3．在容量瓶上，下列标记不存在的是（ ） A ．标线B ．温度C ．浓度D ．容量规格考点：化学实验基础操作 答案：C试题解析：容量瓶颈上有标线 ，瓶体上标有容量规格及使用温度（常温），没有浓度标识，C 选项正确。
4．Na 2CO 3俗名纯碱，下面是对纯碱采用不同分类法的分类，不正确的是（ ） A ．Na 2CO 3是碱 B ．Na 2CO 3是盐 C ．Na 2CO 3是钠盐 D ．Na 2CO 3是碳酸盐考点：物质的分类 答案：A试题解析：从物质的组成分类看，Na 2CO 3是盐、是钠盐、是碳酸盐，不是碱，A 选项错误。
5．胶体区别于其他分散系最本质的特征是（ ） A ．可以通过滤纸B ．胶体粒子的直径在1～100 nm 之间C ．胶体的胶粒带有电荷D ．胶体有丁达尔效应 考点：分散系 答案：B试题解析：胶体于其他分散系最本质区别是分散质颗粒的直径1～100 nm 之间,B 选项正确，ACD 是胶体的基本性质。
6．下列电离方程式，书写正确的是（ ） A ．AlCl 3 = Al 3++Cl 3- B ．Na 2SO 4 =2Na ++ SO 42- C ．Mg(NO 3)2 = Mg +2 +2NO 3- D ．KMnO 4 =K ++Mn 7++4O 2-考点：化学用语 答案：B试题解析：A 中的Cl -、C 中的Mg 2+，D 中的MnO 4-,书写均有误，B 方程式正确。
7．如图所示是分离混合物时常用的仪器，从左至右，用之可以进行的混合物分离操作分别是（）A．蒸馏、蒸发、萃取、过滤B．蒸馏、过滤、萃取、蒸发C．萃取、过滤、蒸馏、蒸发D．过滤、蒸发、萃取、蒸馏考点：化学实验基础操作答案：B试题解析：蒸馏烧瓶用于蒸馏、漏斗用于过滤、分液漏斗用于分液、蒸发皿用于蒸发，B选项正确。
8．下列物质中，含有自由移动的Cl－的是( )①KClO3溶液②CaCl2溶液③熔融KCl ④NaCl晶体A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④考点：电解质答案：B试题解析：从题给各物质的电离情况看，①中无Cl－，④中有Cl－但不能自由移动；符合要求的有②③。
故选B。
9．如图表示配制一定物质的量浓度的NaCl溶液的部分操作示意图，其中有错误的是A．B．C．D．考点：化学实验基础操作答案：C试题解析：操作C中视线应与液体凹液面的最低点相切，其他三个操作均正确。
10．下列实验操作中错误的是( )A．B．C．D．考点：化学实验基础操作答案：C试题解析：C操作不能用手拿，应用坩埚钳，ABD都是正确的。
11．为了除去粗盐中的Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-及泥沙，可将粗盐溶于水，然后进行下列五项操作：①过滤，②加过量NaOH溶液，③加适量盐酸，④加过量Na2CO3溶液，⑤加过量BaCl2溶液．正确的操作顺序是（）A．①④②⑤③B．④①②⑤③C．②⑤④①③D．①⑤②④③考点：物质的分离、提纯和检验答案：C试题解析：按照除杂不引杂的原则，④一定要在⑤的后面。
沉淀过滤后，要加盐酸，正确选项为C。
12．下列离子检验的方法正确的是（）A．某溶液中加硝酸银溶液生成白色沉淀，说明原溶液中有Cl－B．某溶液中加BaCl2溶液生成白色沉淀，说明原溶液中有SO42C．某溶液中加NaOH溶液生成蓝色沉淀，说明原溶液中有Cu2＋D．某溶液加稀硫酸生成白色沉淀，说明原溶液中有Ba2＋考点：物质的分离、提纯和检验答案：C试题解析：A中还可能有CO32-、SO42-，B中还可能有SO32-、Ag+,D 实验中，原溶液里还可能有SO32-，正确只有C。
13．若N A表示阿伏伽德罗常数的值，下列说法不正确的是A．17 g OH－含有的质子数为9N AB．常温常压下，NO2和N2O4的混合物23 g中含有N A个氧原子C．标准状况下，2．8 g N2和2．24 L CO所含电子数均为1．4N AD．标准状况下，22．4 L 乙醇中含有N A个乙醇分子考点：阿伏伽德罗常数答案：D试题解析：标况下乙醇不是气体，不适用22．4的气体摩尔体积，D选项错误；B可将混合物看着组成是（NO2）n,C的物质的量都是0．1mol, 电子数均为1．4N A；答案为D。
14．50g质量分数为19%的氯化镁溶液中Cl-的物质的量为（）A．0．01mol B．0．1molC．0．02mol D．0．2mol考点：物质的量答案：D试题解析：n（MgCl2）= =0．1mol．n（Cl-）=0．2mol,D 选项正确。
15．硫酸镁和硫酸铝溶液等体积混合后，铝离子浓度为0．1mol/L，硫酸根离子浓度为0．3 mol/L,则混合溶液中镁离子浓度为（）A．0．15mol/L B．0．3mol/LC．0．45mol/L D．0．2mol/L考点：物质的量答案：A试题解析：有溶液的电荷守恒，2c （Mg 2+）+3c （Al 3+）=2c （SO 42-）,c （Mg 2+）==0．15mol/L ．A 选项正确。
16．实验中需2mol/L 的NaCl 溶液950mL ，配制时应选用的容量瓶的规格和称取NaCl 的质量分别是（ ） A ．1000mL ，117g B ．950mL ，111．2g C ．任意规格，111．2g D ．500mL ，117g考点：化学实验基础操作 答案：A试题解析：因没有950mL 的容量瓶，需要配制1000mL 的，此时就可以确定选项为A 。
需要NaCl2×58．5=117g17．下列关于物质的分类正确的是（ ）A ．AB ．BC ．CD ．D考点：物质的分类 答案：D试题解析：A 中的Na 2CO 3不是碱，SiO 2不是碱性氧化物；B 中的CO 不是酸性氧化物；C 中的SO 3不是碱性氧化物，是酸性氧化物；正确的分类只有D 。
18．下列叙述中正确的是（ ）①溶液都是纯净物 ②含氧的化合物都是氧化物 ③能电离出H ＋的化合物都是酸 ④能电离出OH －的化合物都是碱 ⑤能电离出金属离子和酸根离子的化合物都是盐 ⑥酸和碱的中和反应都有水生成 A ．全部 B ．⑤⑥ C ．③④ D ．①②考点：物质的分类 答案：B试题解析：溶液都是混合物，只有两种元素的含氧的化合物才是氧化物；电离出的阳离子全部是H ＋的化合物才是酸，电离出的阴离子全部是OH －的化合物才是碱，以上四个说法都是错误的，⑤⑥正确，选项为B 。
19．在强酸性无色透明溶液中，下列各组离子能大量共存的是（ ） A ．Fe 3＋、K ＋、Cl －、NO 3-B ．Ag ＋、Na ＋、NO 3-、Cl －C ．Zn 2＋、Al 3＋、SO 42-、Cl －D ．Ba 2＋、NH 4+、Cl －、HCO 3-考点：离子共存 答案：C试题解析：A 中Fe 3＋有颜色，B 中Ag ＋和Cl －生成沉淀，D 中酸性条件下不能有HCO 3- 。
可以大量共存的只有C 组。
20．下表中评价合理的是（）A．A B．B C．C D．D 考点：离子方程式的书写及正误判断答案：B试题解析：A中的石灰乳Ca(OH)2不能拆开，C中还有Cu(OH)2沉淀生成，D的方程式正确，评价错误；正确选项为B。
二、填空题（共2小题）21．某同学需帮助水质检测站配制480 mL 0．1 mol·L－1Na2CO3溶液以备使用。
（1）该同学应选择________mL的容量瓶。
（2）其操作步骤如图1所示，则图2操作应在图1中的________(填选项字母)之间。
A ．②与③B ．①与②C ．③与④（3）该同学应称取Na 2CO 3·10H 2O 固体________g 。
（4）下列操作对所配溶液的浓度大小有何影响？(填“偏大”“偏小”或“无影响”)。
①转移完溶液后未洗涤玻璃棒和烧杯，会使浓度_________ ②容量瓶中原来有少量蒸馏水，会使浓度_______________ ③定容时俯视，会使浓度_______________________（5）如果在定容时加水超过刻度线应该如何处理______________。
考点：化学实验基础操作答案：（1）500ml （2）C （3）14．3g （4）①偏小 ②无影响 ③偏大（5）重新配置 试题解析：（1）实验室容量瓶没有480mL 的，要配制480 mL 的碳酸钠溶液，只能用500mL 的容量瓶。
（2）图2操作是洗涤，应在转移和振荡之间即图1中的③与④之间。
（3）需要称量的Na 2CO 3·10H 2O 为0．5×286=14．3g（4）①此时，损失了溶质，会使溶液浓度偏小 ，②因操作中还要加水，所以，容量瓶中原来有水，不会对溶液浓度产生影响，③此时，容量瓶内，溶液的体积偏小，导致所配溶液的浓度偏大。
（5）此时，不能把溶液吸出部分，必须重新配置。
22.现有下列7种物质A ．纯碱 B ．盐酸 C ．稀硫酸 D ．氧化钙固体 E ．烧碱 F ．二氧化碳 G ．氢氧化铁 利用上面提供的7种物质，按下列要求写出反应的化学方程式。
①无氧酸与钠盐：______________________________________________。