英语句子成分讲+宾语从句讲 解

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英语语法 宾语从句讲解

英语语法 宾语从句讲解

英语语法宾语从句讲解宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语,通俗的说就是一个句子做另一个句子的宾语. 如:I think you are a good student. 动词后面的句子是宾语从句,做主语谓语动词的宾语。

判断方法:1〃可以从整个句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。

2〃从引导词看。

if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”。

3〃从时态看。

if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。

学习宾语从句的4个注意事项: 1.连接词宾语从句通常由that, if, whether 和连接代词what, which, who, whom及连接副词when, where ,how, why等连接.其中that 连接一个陈述句做宾语,在中语中that可以省略;除that以外的连接词连接一个一般疑问句做宾语,且疑问句语序改为陈述句〃连接代词及连接副词其实就是特殊疑问句的疑问代词和疑问副词,连接一个特殊疑问句做宾语,语序改为陈述句〃She knows (that) she should study hard.她知道她应该努力学习. He asked me if he could come in.他问我他是否能进来. Can you tell me which class you are in? 你能告诉我,你在哪个班吗? 2.时态一致(即主句的时态与从句的时态相一致) <1>宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定. I know he lives in Xi'an 我知道他住在西安I know he lived in Xi'an several years ago.我知道他几年前住在西安. I know he has lived in Xi'an for ten years. 我知道他住在西安有十年了. <2>宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态,那么从句的时态一定要用相应的过去进态.即: 一般现在时----- 一般过去时一般将来时----- 过去将来时现在进行时---- 过去进行时现在完成时---- 进去完成时 3.语序的变化凡宾语从句都必须是陈述句主语序,这一点非常很重要.<1> 陈述句; Lin Tao is a clever man. 宾语从句:He said that Lin Tao was a clever man. <2> 一般疑问句:Does he go home every day? 宾语从句:I wonder if / whether he goes home every day. <3>特殊疑问句:What did she want to do? 宾语从句:I don't know what she wanted to do. 4.人称,地点,时间等的变化在进行句型转换和合并句子的训练中,有些人称,地点状语,时间状语要根据主句做相应的变化〃<1> I will eat as much as I can,Polly says. Polly says that she will eat as much as she can. <2> I've lived here since I was 3 years old, Mike says. Mike says that he has lived there since he was 3 years old. <3>Lin Tao is singing now,he told me . He told me that Lin Tao was singing at that moment.that引导的宾语从句无敌英语语法一、什么是宾语从句?宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。

英语句子成分及从句简单讲解

英语句子成分及从句简单讲解

初中英语基本语法句子的成分:主语谓语宾语表语宾补(宾语补足语)状语定语同位语主语:一般在句子的开头例如:He is a teacher.谓语:即是句子的动词例如:What are you doing now?宾语:动词后的名词或非谓语短语例如:He likes eating apples.表语:系动词后的名词或短语例如:He is a teacher.同位语:放在名词后,与前面的名词具有同等地位,叫同位语。

例如:This helps us students much.. students 作的是us 的同位语注意:要区分好宾语和表语——1)宾语在实意动词(有实在意义的词)之后;而表语在系动词之后:系动词有:一是:be (am is are was were)一觉:feel二好像:appear seem三保持:keep stay remain起来四个:taste(尝起来) smell(闻起来) sound(听起来) look(看起来)变五个:get grow turn become go系动词以外的词,除特殊讲解外的均为实意动词注:除了“一是”以外的词均可作实意动词2)非谓语:即不是谓语。

分为不定式动名词过去分词(详情参见不规则动词表)3)短语即是所说的词组宾补(作为了解):在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等例如: I heard Jean singing this morning.句子中的Jean显然是宾语。

但是主语I听到的并不是Jean,而是Jean singing。

singing 是句子中的宾语补足语。

它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是Jean执行了singing的动作。

句子中的singing是现在分词做宾语补足语。

能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有:不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介宾短语等。

英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语讲解[整理版]

英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语讲解[整理版]

英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语讲解[整理版]主语从句即一个句子作主语如:what he said is true. what he said是一个句子具备最短的句子所应有的主语(he)和谓语动词(said)。

又应有what引导词所以做从句,又Is 是大句子中的谓语动词,在主句中,所以其前的成分为主语,主语是一个句子,叫做主语从句。

宾语从句和主语从句同理,事不过宾语从句是在谓语动词后的句子,谓语后的成分是宾语。

如: He said that the girl is beautiful. that the girl is beautiful为宾语从句,做动词said后的宾语。

表语从句依然如此,只是动词为系动词或感官动词,动词后为表语从句。

如:He is who I am looking for. who I am looking for. 为表语从句,做系动词is的表语。

前几种句子均为名词性从句,引导词指人用who whose whom,指物用which,what。

其中which有范围 what没范围。

连接副词有:when where why how四种。

如:I don't know where he is going.(宾从)定语从句为形容词性从句,即一个句子像一个形容词,修饰一个名词或代词,而被修饰的词在句子前面,叫做先行词。

如:The girl who wears a red coat is my classmate. 其中who wears a red coat 是定语从句,修饰the girl, 所以the girl为先行词,主句为The girl is my classmate。

定语从句引导词指人和名词性从句相同,who whose whom;指物只用which,没有what;that 即指人又指物。

关系副词没有how 即 when,where,why.如: The year when I arrived there is 2000. (when I arrived there为从句)状语从句考点比较简单,记住他引导词的意思就行了,如时间是when while 等,地点是where wherever,原因是why 结果because等就可以了英语主谓宾表定状补成分精简讲解一(主语:主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体。

初中宾语从句的讲解与运用

初中宾语从句的讲解与运用

初中宾语从句的讲解与运用
宾语从句是一个句子作为主句的宾语。

它通常用来回答“我认为...
是什么”的问题。

宾语从句通常有以下几个特点:
1. 以连接词引导,常见的连接词有 that, whether, if, what, where, when, who, whom, whose, why, how等。

2.宾语从句的时态、语气和主句没有关系,主句是什么时态就用什么
时态,主句是陈述句就用陈述句,主句是疑问句就用疑问句。

3. 宾语从句可以出现在及物动词(如believe, think, know等)、
介词(如for, after, before等)后面,或者直接作为主句的宾语。

下面是一些常见的宾语从句的运用:
1.陈述句宾语从句:
- I think (that) he is a good student.(我认为他是个好学生。

)- She told me (that) the movie was interesting.(她告诉我电
影很有意思。


2.一般疑问句宾语从句:
- Do you know if it will rain tomorrow?(你知道明天是否会下
雨吗?)
- Can you tell me where the nearest post office is?(你能告
诉我最近的邮局在哪吗?)
3.特殊疑问句宾语从句:
4. 以if或whether引导的宾语从句:
- He asked if/whether I had finished my homework.(他问我是否完成了作业。

)。

英语句子成分分析

英语句子成分分析

英语句子成分分析英语句子由多个成分构成,这些成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语等。

以下是对这些成分的详细解析:1. 主语(Subject):句子的核心,表示动作的执行者或者是名词的所在者。

例如:- The cat is sleeping.(主语:The cat)2. 谓语(Predicate):用来说明主语的动作、状态、特征或者存在。

例如:- She is running.(谓语:is running)3. 宾语(Object):动作的承受者或接受者,它可以是直接宾语或间接宾语。

例如:- The man bought a book.(直接宾语:a book)- She gave her sister a gift.(间接宾语:her sister)4. 表语(Predicate Nominative):用来说明主语的身份、特性、状态等。

例如:- He is a doctor.(表语:a doctor)5. 定语(Adjective):对名词或代词进行修饰或限定。

例如:- The red car is mine.(定语:red)6. 状语(Adverbial):修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,用来表示时间、地点、方式、原因、程度等信息。

例如:- He runs fast.(状语:fast)- They went to the park yesterday.(状语:yesterday)例如:- She became a teacher.(补语:a teacher)这些成分在句子中起着不同的作用,使句子更加完整和表达更加准确。

初中英语 宾语从句

初中英语 宾语从句

5. 宾语从句的简化 ①当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时, 从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为不带to的不定式或 V-ing形式。如:
She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.
→She found the wallet lying on the ground. ②. 当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan, agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定 式结构。如:
now. ②.当宾语和宾语补足语是被动的关系时,宾 语补足语用过去分词形式。 如.:You'd better have the desk cleaned.你最好请人把课桌擦一下。
3.由名词充当。 某些动词call, name, make, think, find, consider, 后接名词或代词作其语,再接名词 作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的身份。 如: I called this cat Mimi. 我把这只猫叫做咪咪。 4.由形容词充当。 某些动词如make,keep,find, like,等后接名词或代词作宾语,再接形容词作宾语 补足语,补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。 You must keep the classroom clean.你应保持 教室清洁。
meeting the next week.
③. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词 在宾语从句中充当某个成分,不可以省略。 如: Do you know who(whom)they are waiting for now? He asked whose handwriting was the best in their class. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I didn't know why the train was late again.

语法解析宾语从句和主语从句的区别

语法解析宾语从句和主语从句的区别

语法解析宾语从句和主语从句的区别宾语从句和主语从句是英语中两种常见的从句结构,在句子中分别充当宾语和主语的角色。

虽然它们在句子中的位置和功能相似,但是它们的结构和用法却有所不同。

本文将详细解析宾语从句和主语从句的区别,并通过具体例子加以说明。

1. 宾语从句的定义和特点宾语从句是指在句子中充当宾语的从句结构。

在句子中,宾语从句通常紧跟在动词或介词后面,用来表示动作的对象或内容。

以下是宾语从句的特点:1.1 结构宾语从句通常由连接词that, whether/if, who, whom, which, when, where等引导。

其中,that在口语和非正式场合中通常省略。

1.2 位置宾语从句常常位于主句中的动词后面,或作为介词的宾语出现在介词之后。

1.3 功能作为宾语从句,它表示主句中动词的对象或内容,回答“什么”或“怎样”的问题。

下面是一个例句:I know that he is a doctor.(我知道他是个医生。

)在这个例句中,宾语从句"that he is a doctor"充当了主句中动词"know"的宾语,表示"他是个医生"这一内容。

2. 主语从句的定义和特点主语从句是指在句子中充当主语的从句结构。

在句子中,主语从句通常位于句首,用来指代整个句子的主题。

以下是主语从句的特点:2.1 结构主语从句通常由连接词that, whether/if, who, whom, which, when, where等引导。

2.2 位置作为主语从句,它通常位于整个句子的主语位置,也就是句子的第一个成分。

2.3 功能主语从句充当整个句子的主语,因此,它对整个句子的意义起着关键性作用。

以下是一个例句:Whether we will have a picnic depends on the weather.(我们是否会举行野炊取决于天气。

)在这个例句中,主语从句"Whether we will have a picnic"在句子中充当整个句子的主语,它决定了是否会举行野炊这一动作。

整理好的宾语从句详细讲解(全)

整理好的宾语从句详细讲解(全)

宾语从句讲解宾语从句(The Object Clause)学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。

一宾语从句的定义宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,可以作动词的宾语,也可以做介词的宾语作动词的宾语:I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语作介词的宾语:He said nothing about who broke the window last night.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

二宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词:who, whose, what ,which副词:when ,where, how, why 等。

①连词:He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试.当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。

如:He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。

that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, expect, order, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, request, require,等。

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句子成分及基本句型1、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

它在句首。

如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。

谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。

谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。

它在主语后面。

如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

一般放在谓语之后。

She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。

(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。

介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。

名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。

另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。

说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语。

宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。

直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象,直接宾语指物,间接宾语通常语之前。

不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。

有的动词可以跟。

如:give,show(给……看),bring, pass, buy等。

如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story.(2)The sun gives us light.“人”的间接宾语之前会出give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse(拒绝)等。

间接宾语加“for”的有:make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等(1)I give him a book. 改成:(2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我。

)改成:(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:(四)宾语补足语在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语。

名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。

宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。

如:They make her happy.(形容词)I see her dance.(不定式)We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)Please let him in.(副词)We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)(五)表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。

它的位置在系动词后面。

如:I am a teacher.(名词)He is always happy.(形容词)They are on the playground now.(介词短语)It gets cold.(形容词)Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)系动词表保持(keep, stay, remain)表改变(get, become, turn)感官动词(feel,sound,seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来))如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语)We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词,careful为表语)(六)定语定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。

形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。

单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。

如:The black bike is mine.(形容词)What’s your name?(代词)They make paper flowers.(名词)说明1:当定语修饰不定代词:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面。

如:I tell him something interesting.(形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)说明2:短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。

如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。

)(七)状语修饰动词、形容词、副词。

一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。

状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。

如:He did it carefully.(副词)We often help him.(副词)Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语)When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时间状语)He sits there.(副词地点状语)【简单句的五种基本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来。

The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了。

(rise和stop都是不及物动词,因此后边不必加宾语。

)B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy abook.C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)如:Her brother is a driver.We feel happy.(feel为系动词,表示感到……)It gets dark.天黑了。

(get为系动词,表示变得)Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了。

(look为系动词,表示看上去,看起来)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼物。

Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服。

E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary。

We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。

He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑。

2、典型例题,写出划线部分的句子成分。

1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom.10. It sounds good.11. His name is Paul.12. We always go to school early.3、课后练习(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother doesn't do his homework. A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. A B C D④ How many new words do you learn ? A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to goswimming, how about you? A B C D(二) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man is feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim? A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow. A B C D④ Soon They all become interested in the subject. A B C D⑤ She is the first to learn about it. A B C D(三) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. A B C D② What is your given name? A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D② He asks her to take the boy out of school. A B C D③ She find it difficult to do the work. A B C D④ They call me Lily sometimes. A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的状语① There is a big smile on her face. A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. A B C D③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. A B C D④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast. A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. A B C D初中英语语法宾语从句讲解及专项练习宾语从句小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述句转化that引,一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。

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