句子成分简单句带答案
句子结构+答案
句子结构知识(一)一、学习目标1.通过学习英语基本的句子结构，能够帮助你明白纷繁复杂折英语句子到底有什么规律，今后看到再复杂的句子都可以不发怵，从容地把它们拆开再安装。
2.通过学习句子结构，我们会明白英语其实只是由五个简单句子为基础而构造的一门语言。
在此基础上，我们可以随意组成并列句和复合句（也就是用从句来充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语而已）。
3.学为划分句子成分，统一为下列符号：主语、谓语、宾语、（定语）、<宾语补足语>、【状语】。
二、五种简单句1. S + Vi. (主语+不及物动词)，注：简单句句型指的是主谓宾和宾语等主干成分，定语、状语这两个次要成分没关系。
Tom left.Winter is coming.His father has gone abroad.The baby is crying in the next room.He works in a big company.We have lived in the cities for ten years.请仿写几个句子：1）我们必须努力学习。
2) 我经常头痛。
3）那家水果店已经关门了。
4）你昨天游泳了吗？2. S+ Vt. + O (主语+及物动词+宾语)I like pop music.She knows what to do next.I usually do my homework at home in the evening.He began learning English 10 years ago.He has decided to work harder at English.5）你喜欢苹果吗？6）我记得他的电话号码。
7）老师说良好的开端是成功的一半。
3. S + V + P (主语+连系动词+表语)She is happy today.She felt happy.My father is a math teacher.The Lijiang River looks especially beautiful in the early morning.Please keep silent.注：表语通常由形容词、名词充当。
语法系列_句子成分及五大基本句式全解+练习(附答案)
.简单句的五种基本句型，并列句和复合句Wang Hansong简单句简析不论看上去有多纷繁庞杂的英语句子，删繁就简之后得到的基本框架皆是由五种基本句式组合而成。
故了解并熟知英语简单句的五种基本句式是理解所有单复句（单句，并列句，复合句，复杂句）的最重要的前提保证；它同时也是学好各大英语语法的必备条件。
简单句的基本句型构成英语句子最重要最基本的组成部分是主语和谓语两大部分。
而这两部分需要由不同功能的词性充当，故了解各种词性的功能成为首要任务。
下面是常见几种词性的主要功能简介：（记住各类词性的英文缩写。
）1.名词n.：主语，宾语，表语；宾语补足语2.代词pron.; 主语，宾语，表语；（宾语补足语-不多见）3.动词v.（包括及物动词Vt和不及物动词Vi）：谓语，（非谓语-此章节不涉及）4 形容词adj.：表语，定语，（有时也可以充当状语）-- 通常修饰名词或代词5 副词adv.：状语（通常修饰动词，形容词，副词；有时也修饰介词短语）6 连词conj.：起到连接两个或两个以上的句子成分或句子的功能。
7 冠词art.：定语，通常修饰名词了解并熟知常见词性的主要功能，就能够为我们快速抓住句子的主干部分及理解长难句奠定良好的基础。
所以我们平时在背单词时，务必要理解并记忆其词性。
有了这个先决条件，再来学习并运用下面的五种基本句式就简单多了。
1. S十Vi主谓结构2. S十Vt十O主谓宾结构3. S十LinkV十P主系表结构4. S十Vt十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构5. S十Vt 十O十OC 主谓宾+宾补结构解读：（1）S＝主语；V＝谓语；LinkV=系动词; P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语（通常指人）；O2＝直接宾语（常指物）；OC＝宾语补足语）（2）仔细观察以上五种基本句式，我们不难发现，各句式中的谓语动词类别并不完全一样。
因此也提醒我们在背单词过程中，针对动词要有意识的去了解动词的类别，辨清是linkV, Vt还是Vi五种基本句式解析1： S十Vi 主谓结构(Vi通常不接宾语；也无被动语态)。
简单句的五种基本结构讲与练
三、句型3：SP: Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)
这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一 般可分为以下三类：
1.渐变类系动词：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, turn 2.感官系动词：feel(感到，摸起来), look(看起来), taste （尝起来）, sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来） 3.保持类系动词：keep（保持）, remain（依然（短语）等来充当。如： He’s a chemist. 他是个化学家。
3.从句作宾语 I don't know what I should do next. 我不知道接下 来做什么。
练习二、把下面句子译成英语。
1. 我计划在即将到来的五一节去旅游。 2. 他给朋友写了一些信。 3. 这个博物馆很值得参观。 4. 我永远忘不了参观长城这件事。 5. 离开之前不要忘了关灯。 6. 我希望你能为我提一些宝贵建议。
简单句的五种基本结构讲与练
简单句是由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语 （或并列谓语）构成的句子。简单句的谓语部分包 括谓语动词及宾语、宾语补足语、表语等不同句子 成分，不同谓语动词的不同组合形成简单句的基本 句型。
一、句型1：SV：Subject (主语) ＋ Vi (谓语) 这种句型中的动词是不及物动词，不能直接带宾 语。常见的不及物动词有：agree, arrive, burn,
He handed me a cup of tea.
如果把直接宾语放在间接宾语之前，间接宾语前要加to或 for。
1.加to的主要动词有：give, hand, pass, lend, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell, post，bring, take, leave, return write, throw, promise, refuse, allow, offer, pay等。
句子成分分析
5.定语及定语从句： 定语：是用来说明或限制名词的成分。 定语从句：一个句子作定语，用来说明或 限制名词的成分。
Eg: This is a pretty girl.
1 2
定语
名词
Eg: This is a girl, who is extraordinarily 2 1 pretty. 先行词
Y2009-22. The competition from experienced staff members, some of whom are higher in rank, ______to my disadvantages. A. works B. working C. work D. worked
独立成分
感叹词 呼语 插入语
插入语 在一个句子中间插入一个成分，它不和句 子的何种成分发生结构关系；既不起连接 作用，也不表示语气,这个成分称之插入语。 插入语一般对一句话作一些附加的说明 。 Eg: Nobody knows it, I say, nobody. Eg: I can’t make it Friday, I’m afraid. Eg: Who can be fit for the job, do you think?
四. 并列复合句
概念：所谓并列复合句，就是指并列句中的 两个分句中又内含从句，或者说就是含有复 合句的并列句。 Eg: The policeman looked at me suspiciously. 那警察用怀疑的眼光看着我。（简单句） Eg: He asked me what I wanted. 他问我要干什么。（复合句）
英语划分句子成分练习题及答案
英语划分句子成分练习题及答案（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。
句子成分及简单句巩固练习以及答案
句子成分及简单句巩固练习以及答案高三一轮复习句子成分及简单句练习题答案I.划出下列句中主语的中心词1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.2. There is an old man coming here.3.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.II.划出句中谓语的中心词1. I don't like the picture on the wall.2. The days get longer and longer when summer comes.3.Do you usually go to school by bus?4. There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.5. Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?6. Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.7. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?8. We had better send for a doctor.9. He is interested in music.10. Whom did you give my book to?III．划出下列句中的宾语：1. My brother hasn’t done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.3. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.4. How many new words did you learn last class?5. Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?6. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.7. They made him monitor of the class.8. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.9. You will find it useful after you leave school.10. They didn’t know who “Father Christ mas” really is.IV．划出下列句中的表语：1. The old man was feeling very tired.2. Why is he worried about Jim?3. The leaves have turned yellow.4. Soon they all became interested in the subject.5. She was the first to learn about it.V．划出下列句中的宾语补足语：1. She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.2. He asked her to take the boy out of school.3. She found it difficult to do the work.4. They call me Lily sometimes.5. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.6. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?VI．划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语：1. Please tell us a story.2. My father bought a new bike for me last week.3. Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.4. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.5. Did he leave any message for me?VII、写出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.（主语；定语）2. He handed me the newspaper.（间接宾语；直接宾语）3. I shall answer your question after class.（谓语；状语）4. What a beautiful Chinese painting it is!（定语；主语）5. August is the hottest month here.（表语）6. His hobby is playing football.（主语；宾语）7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.（宾语；状语）8. There is going to be an American film tonight.（主语）9. Light travels very fast.（状语）10. His wish is to become a scientist.（主语；表语）11. He managed to finish the work in time.（谓语；宾语）12. Tom came to ask me for advice.（状语）13. He found it important to master English.（形式宾语；宾补；宾语）14. Do you have anything else to say?（宾语；定语）15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.（独立主格；表语）16. Would you please tell me your address?（间接宾语；直接宾语）17. She came in with a book in her hand.（状语）18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.（形式主语；表语；宾补）19. He noticed a man enter the room.（宾补）20. The apples tasted sweet.（表语）VIII、写出下列简单句属于基本句型中的哪一种：1. Our school is not far from my home. 主＋系＋表2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 主＋系＋表3. All of us considered him honest. 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾5. He broke a piece of glass. 主＋谓＋宾6. Trees turn green in spring .主＋系＋表7. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾8. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾9. He asked us to sing an English song. 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补10.We will make our school more beautiful.主＋谓＋宾＋宾补11. She showed us her many of her pictures. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾12. The old man lives a lonely life. 主＋谓＋宾13. Would you please pass me the cup? 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾14 Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾15. Do you know the latest news about him?主＋谓＋宾16. I’ll get my hair cut tomorrow.主＋谓＋宾＋宾补IX、翻译下面的汉语句子。
句子成分及从句知识点练习及答案
句子成分、种类与结构句子是构成篇章的基本单位。
每个句子都是由词或短语构成的，这些词或短语便是句子成分。
不同的内容运用不同类型的句式结构，这些句式结构又构成了英语中不同的句子种类。
句子成分、句子种类与句子结构是英语句法的基础。
1.句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语和同位语。
另外还有一些词或短语等与句子没有密切关系，可以独立存在，被称为独立成分。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分，表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分，他们是句子的主干成分，其他成分是句子的非主干成分。
1）主语1. 名词作主语My room is big and clean. 我的房间又大又整洁。
Some young people can’t settle down to their own business. 有些年轻人不能专心于自己的工作。
2. 代词作主语This is all I want. Nothing else. 这就是我想要的全部。
没别的。
She has already left China for Chile. 她已离开中国到智利去了。
3. 数词作主语Three is enough for each of us. 三个对我们每个人来说就足够了。
Four and five is nine. Have you worked it out, Jeff ?4加5等于9。
你算出来了吗，杰夫？4.名词化形容词作主语The sick and the old need our help. 病人和老人需要我们帮助。
The wounded were saved. 伤员被救了。
5.不定式作主语To become a nurse is my wish. 成为一名护士是我的心愿。
6.V-ing形式作主语Remembering to many new words is really hard work. 记住这么多新单词真是件苦差事。
2.5 句子成分和基本句型(专练)(解析版)
2020年初升高英语无忧衔接第二章语法知识衔接专题五:句子成分和基本句型解析版一、根据句子成分和基本句型知识，选择正确答案。
1.She never lies.A. 宾语B. 谓语C. 状语D. 定语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。
句意：她从不撒谎。
划线词位于主语后，为动词，表示主语发出的动作，在句中作谓语，故选B项。
2.It is a good job for me.A. 表语B. 状语C. 定语D. 主语【答案】D【解析】本题考查句子成分。
句意：对我来说这是一份好工作。
划线词位于句首，且为人称代词，在句中作主语，故选D项。
3.He sat there quietly.A. 表语B. 状语C. 定语D. 主语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。
句意：他安静地坐在那里。
划线词为副词，修饰动词sat在句中作状语，故选B项。
4.In the sentence "Every morning, I hear the birds sing in the park", the underlined part is ____.A. 表语B. 宾语补足语C. 间接宾语D. 直接宾语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。
句意：每天早上，我都听到鸟儿在公园里唱歌。
分析句子可知，画线的sing 是宾语补足语，解释说明宾语the birds.故选B项。
5."They painted the walls white." The underlined (画线的) part is ________.A. 表语B. 直接宾语C. 间接宾语D. 宾语补足语【答案】D【解析】本题考查句子成分。
句意：他们把墙涂成了白色。
分析句子结构可知，此处white用作宾语补足语，故选D项。
6.Tell him to get on the bus at once.A. 状语B. 宾语C. 定语D. 表语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
语法复习：一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语（subject）和谓语（predicate）；次要成分有表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial)、补足语（complement）和同位语（appositive）；句子的成分由实词担任。
实词有名词n,代词pron,形容词adj,副词adv, 数词num,动词v,;虚词有冠词art, 介词prep, 连词conj, 助动词helping v.等，虚词在句中只起辅助和联系作用，不能单独做句子成分。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，表示所谈的是“谁”或“什么”，一般位于句首，即在谓语之前。
可充当主语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
country music has become more the 1990s, American and more Duringpopular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）Ten is a very important number. (数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式to do）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词doing）being late made her very angry.(带有逻辑主语的动名词doing) His The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）Itto master a foreign language.（it is necessary 作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式to do）Itthat this has happened.（s not your fault it 作形式主语，'真正的主语为后面的that从句）主语位于谓语/助动词/但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，情态动词后面。
（三）谓语：谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”“怎么样”，或说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
谓语通常由动词充当，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：动词分为实义动词，连系动词，情态动词，助动词四类其中，1.实义动词包括及物动词vt.(后要带宾语) 和不及物动词vi.2.连系动词包括：系动词be；感官动词look/sound/smell/feel/taste；表示“保持，持续”keep, remain,stay, continue，表示变化：go, get, grow, become, fall,turn；表示“好像”：seem, appear.3.情态动词不能单独做谓语，常和其他动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词有can/could, may/might, must, have to,shall/should, will/would, ought to, dare, need, used to.如：I must go. We must work very hard at English. He willdrive to Beijing tomorrow.4.助动词不能单独做谓语，常和其他动词一起构成谓语。
如：I don't like reading. Do you like reading….?He doesn't like music. Does he get up early?We didn't see him. Did you go there？She is writing a letter now. Is he singing?They are dancing now. Are you waiting for me?I haven't finished it yet. Have you seen thefilm?She had gone there before you left. Had he sent youthe email before you told me?综上句子，助动词do/does/did 帮助构成否定式和疑问句；助动词is/am/are/was/were帮助构成进行时态和疑问句;助动词have/has/had帮助构成完成时态和疑问句另：谓语有时态，语态，语气，人称的变化。
时态主动语态被动语态1.一般现在时：(1) be (am/is/are)；(2) 动词原形/动词的三单形式+s/es，am/is/are＋p.p2.一般过去时: (1) be (was/were,)(2) 动词的过去式-ed)p.p.＋was/weream/is/are doing)现在进行时:(am\is\are +动词的现在分词3.+p.p.+beingwas/were 动词的现在分词doing)4.过去进行时: was\were +p.p. being＋+) is/am/are 动词原形5.一般将来时:(1) am\is\are going to + +p.p.be going to)形动词原(2) will \shall +p.p.will/shall be＋ was/were 过去将来时: (1) was\were going to +动词原形）6.+p.pgoing to be be动词原形) would (2) would\should+p.p ＋p.p) have/has 动词的过去分词7.现在完成时: (has\have +p.p. been＋＋p.p) had been过去完成时8.: ( had +动词的过去分词p.p.情态动词动词原形）…含情态动词的句子9.:(can\may\must+ +be+p.p （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, go，get, grow, fall, turn, seem, appear, keep, remain, look/ sound/smell/feel/sound,等）之后。
例如：American.（名词） Our teacher of English is anyours?（代词） Is itcold.（形容词） The weather has turnedexciting.（分词）The speech istwenty one?（数词） Three times seven isto teach English.（不定式） His job isplaying football.（动名词） His hobby isout of order.（介词短语） The machine must beupover.（副词）. The class is Time isthat he has never been abroad.（表语从句） The truth is（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词vt.和介词后面。
例如：exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） They went to see anme from coming to school on time.（代 The heavy rain prevented词）five.（数词）How many dictionaries do you have? I havethe old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容 They helped词）not to see me.（不定式短语） He pretendedlistening to popular music.（动名词短语） I enjoythat）he is fit for his office. （宾语从句）I think（宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），me your dictionaryyour dictionaryplease. Lend 例如：Lend ,to me, please.him theirelected ，例如：They （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补）monitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词vt，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make+宾语+宾补）。
宾补可由以下词来充当。
例如：Dongming.（名词） His father named himwhite.（形容词）They painted their boatin.（副词）Let the fresh airto lend his money to you.（不定式短语）him You mustn't force entering the room.（现在分词）We saw herin good order.（介词短语） We found everything in the labwhat your city is now.（从句）We will soon make our city（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
定语可由以下等成分表示：单个词做定语放在被修饰词前面（前置定语）；短语做定语放在被修饰词后面（后置定语）；beautiful city.（形容词） Guilin is afour lessons in the morning. (数词)We have women teachers is our school.（名词） There are thirty teacher's advice.?( We should follow the 名词所有格)His progress in English made us surprised.（代词）teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词） Thesleeping baby. (现在分词)Don't wake up the developingdeveloped country. country; America is a China is a（现在分词/过去分词）to give us the speech is a professor. (动词不定式 The man ) upstairsover there? The man came back late. Who is the man(副词)about how to learn English.（介词短语） He is reading an articleto enter the classroom.（不定Our monitor is always the first式短语）He is reading an novel which is written by Hanhan. (定语从句)但：形容词修饰不定代词something，nothing等时放在这些词之后。