河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第二次限时练考试物理试题(PDF版)
和 B 星的质量分别为 m1 和 m2 ，相距为 d .下列说法正确的是（
）
A．
A
星的轨道半径为
m1 m1 m2
d
B． A 星和 B 星的线速度之比为 m1 : m2
C．若在 O 点放一个质点，它受到的合力一定为零
D．若 A 星所受 B 星的引力可等效为位于 O 点处质量为 m 的星体对它的引力，则
中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020高一下学期第二次考试物理
一、选择题（1-8 单选，9-12 多选，每题 4 分，多选题错选多选为 0 分，少选 2 分） 1．关于匀速圆周运动，以下说法正确的是（ ）
A．匀速圆周运动是匀速运动
B．匀速圆周运动是变加速曲线运动
C．匀速圆周运动线速度 v、周期 T 都是恒量
D．匀速圆周运动向心加速度 a 是恒量，线速度 v 方向时刻改变
2．某行星绕恒星运行的椭圆轨道如下图所示，E 和 F 是椭圆的两个焦点，O 是椭圆的中心，
行星在 A 点的线速度比在 B 点的线速度大．则恒星位于（ ）
A．A 点
B．E 点
C．F 点
D．O 点
3．我国的“神舟”系列航天飞船的成功发射和顺利返回，显示了我国航 m2
2
5．如图所示，A、B 叠放着，A 用绳系在固定的墙上，用力 F 拉着 B 右移，用 F′、FAB 和
FBA 分别表示绳对 A 的拉力、A 对 B 的摩擦力和 B 对 A 的摩擦力，则（ ） A．F 做正功，FAB 做负功，FBA 做正功，F′不做功 B．F 和 FBA 做正功，FAB 和 F′做负功 C．F 做正功，其他力都不做功 D．F 对 A 做正功，FAB 对 B 做负功，FBA 和 F′对 A 都不做功
就 . 已知地球的质量为 M，引力常量为 G，飞船的质量为 m，设飞船绕地球做匀速圆周运动
的轨道半径为 r，则( )
A．飞船在此轨道上的运行速率为 Gm B．飞船在此圆轨道上运行的向心加速度为 r
r
GM
C．飞船在此圆轨道上运行的周期为 2 r3 GM
D．飞船在此圆轨道上运行所受的向心力为
GM r2
4．如图所示，某双星系统的两星 A 和 B 各自绕其连线上的 O 点做匀速圆周运动，已知 A 星
2V0 L
D．P
点随圆盘转动的线速度可能为
7 gL 4V0
10．如图所示，小球 m 在竖直放置的光滑的圆形管道内做圆周运动，下列说法正确的是( )
A．小球通过最高点时的最小速度是 Rg
B．小球通过最高点时的最小速度为零
C．小球在水平线 ab 以下的管道中运动时外侧管壁对小球一定无作用力
D．小球在水平线 ab 以下的管道中运动时外侧管壁对小球一定有作用力
象如图所示，Oa 为过原点的倾斜线段，bc 与 ab 相切于 b 点，ab 段汽车以额定功率 P 行驶，
下列说法不正确的是
A．0～t1，时间内汽车发动机的功率随时间均匀增加
B．t1～t2 时间内汽车发动机的功率为
C．t2～t3 时间内汽车受到的合外力做正功 D．t1～t3 时间内汽车发动机做功为 P(t3-t1) 9．如图所示，一位同学玩飞镖游戏,圆盘最上端有一点 P，飞镖抛出时与 P 在同一竖直面内
6．质量为 m 、初速度为零的物体，在不同变化的合外力作用下都通过位移 x0 ．下列各种情
况中合外力做功最多的是（ ）
A．
B．
C．
D．
7．如图所示，一台起重机从静止开始匀加速地将一质量 m=1.0×103 kg 的货物竖直吊起，在 2 s 末货物的速度 v=4 m/s，重力加速度 g 取 10 m/s2，则起重机在这 2 s 内拉力的平均
功率及 2 s 末拉力的瞬时功率分别为( A．2.4×104 W 2.4×104 W C．4.8×104 W 2.4×104 W
) B．2.4×104 W D．4.8×104 W
4.8×104 W 4.8×104 W
8．质量为 m 的某新型电动汽车在阻力恒为 f 的水平路面上进行性能测试，测试时的 v-t 图
木板与桌面间的摩擦力大小等于木板对桌面压力大小的 0.3 倍，取 g=10N/kg，
则水平推力至少要做功________ J。 三、计算题 15．（10 分）如图甲所示，轻杆一端固定在 O 点，另一端固定一小球，现让小球在竖直平面
_____________m/s2 ，绳子的拉力为_____________N。若在最高点时恰好没有水流
出，则杯子的速度为_________m/s。（g=10 m/s2）
14．如图所示，放在水平桌面上的匀质长直木板长度 L 为 50cm，质量为 2kg，
它的右端与桌边平齐。若在木板左端用一水平推力 F 将其匀速推下桌子，已知
11．一物体在外力的作用下从静止开始做直线运动，合外力方向不变，大小随时间的变化如
图所示．设该物体在 t0 和 2t0 时刻相对于出发点的位移分别是 x1 和 x2，速度分别是 v1 和 v2，
合外力从开始至 t0 时刻做的功是 W1，从 t0 至 2t0 时刻做的功是 W2，则(
)
A．x2＝5x1 v2＝3v1
等高，且距离 P 点为 L0,当飞镖以初速度V0 垂直盘面瞄准 P 点抛岀的同时，圆盘以经过盘心
O 点水平轴在竖直平面内匀速转动。忽略空气阻力，重力加速度 g，若飞镖恰好击中 P 点， 则( ）
L A．飞镖击中 P 点所需的时间为 V0
B．圆盘的半径可能为
gL2 2V 02
C．圆盘转动角速度的最小值为
C．在轨道Ⅰ上，卫星在 P 点的速度大于在 Q 点的速度
D．卫星在 Q 点通过加速实现由轨道Ⅰ进入轨道Ⅱ 二、填空题（每空 3 分） 13．如图，质量为 0.5 kg 的小杯里盛有 1 kg 的水，用绳子系住小杯在竖直平面内做“水流星”
表演，转动半径为 1 m，小杯通过最高点的速度为 4 m/s 时，杯子的向心加速度为
B．x1＝9x2 v2＝5v1
C．x2＝5x1 W2＝8W1
D．v2＝3v1 W2＝9W1
12．如图所示，在发射地球同步卫星的过程中，卫星首先进入椭圆轨道Ⅰ，然后
在 Q 点通过改变卫星速度，让卫星进入地球同步轨道Ⅱ，则( )
A．该卫星在 P 点的速度大于 7.9 km/s，小于 11.2 km/s
B．卫星在同步轨道Ⅱ上的运行速度大于 7.9 km/s
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中模拟(二)物理试卷
物理试题卷一、选择题（每题4分，共48分。
1~8题为单选，9~12为多选，多选题少选给一半分，错选、多选不给分。
）1．固定的光滑竖直杆上套着一个滑块，用轻绳系着滑块绕过光滑的定滑轮，以大小恒定的拉力F 拉绳，使滑块从A 点起由静止开始上升。
若从A 点上升至B 点和从B 点上升至C 点的过程中轻绳对滑块做的功分別为W 1和W 2，且AB=BC ，则（ ）A ．12W W >B ．12W W <C ．12W W =D ．无法确定W 1和W 2的大小关系2.宇宙中，两颗靠得比较近的恒星，只受到彼此之间的万有引力作用互相绕转，称之为双星系统，设某双星系统绕其连线上的O 点做匀速圆周运动，转动周期为T ，轨道半径分别为R A 、R B 且R A <R B ，引力常量G 已知，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A. 星球A 所受的向心力大于星球B 所受的向心力B. 星球A 的线速度一定等于星球B 的线速度C. 星球A 和星球B 的质量之和为224A B GT π（R +R ）D. 双星的总质量一定，双星之间的距离越大，其转动周期越大3．一滑块静止在水平面上，t ＝0时刻在滑块上施加一水平力F ，力F 和滑块的速度v 随时间t 的变化规律分别如图甲、乙所示，g 取10 m/s 2，则下列说法正确的是( ) A ．滑块的质量为2 kgB ．力F 在第3 s 内做的功为1.5 JC ．滑块与水平面间的动摩擦因数为0.3D ．力F 在第2 s 内做功的功率为2 W4．如图所示，在外力作用下某质点作直线运动的v-t 图像为正弦曲线。
从图中可以判断（ ） A ．在0~t 1时间内，外力做正功B ．在0~t 1时间内，外力的功率逐渐增大C ．在t 2时刻，外力的功率最大D ．在t 1~t 3时间内，外力做的总功不为零5．如图所示是北斗导航系统中部分卫星的轨道示意图，已知a 、b 、c 三颗卫星均做圆周运动，a 是地球同步卫星，则( )A．卫星a的角速度小于c的角速度B．卫星a的加速度大于b的加速度C．卫星a的运行速度大于第一宇宙速度D．卫星b的周期大于24 h6．如图所示，分别用恒力F1和F2先后将质量为m的物体从静止开始沿着同一个粗糙的固定斜面由低端推到顶端，第一次力F1的方向沿斜面向上，第二次力F2的方向沿水平向右，两次所用的时间相同，在这两个过程中（）A．F1和F2所做的功相同B．第二次物体机械能变化量较大C．第二次物体所受的合力做功较多D．物体的动能的变化量相同7．一飞船在某行星表面附近沿圆轨道绕该行星飞行。
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020高一下学期第二次限时练考试英语试卷word版
英语试卷第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）(出题人：廖孙莹审题人：李培) 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AEngland has been the birthplace of most of the great English-language theatre written throughout history. Most of the plays in England that are truly famous have something in common. They usually come from a playwright (剧作家) with several famous plays.ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has a large catalogue (目录) of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category is home to some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and Julius Caesar are all tragedies and performed in theatres around the world every year. Famous comedies include A Midsummer Night's Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the history category, Richard Ⅲ and HenryⅤ are very famous.Oscar Wilde and George Bernard ShawSeveral hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde's plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were born within a few years of each other, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw's plays are loved so much that an entire theatre company is devoted to performing his works in Niagara-on-the-Lake in southern Ontario.Harold PinterThe plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known.21. The writer wrote this passage to ________．A．advise us to spend more time enjoying playsB．explain why England has so many wonderful playsC．tell us about some famous British playwrights and their worksD．tell us the differences among some British playwrights22. What do the works in the underlined part in Paragraph 2 have in common?A．They are all Shakespeare's early works.B．They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare.C．They are all Shakespeare's famous comedies.D．They all belong to the history category of Shakespeare's plays.23. Which of the following plays were most probably written in the same period of time?A．The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance.B．RichardⅢ and A Woman of No Importance.C．An Ideal Husband and Candida.D．Candida and Betrayal.BBad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people's e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media，” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don't care howyou're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You d on't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The Ne w York Times' website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.24．What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A．Daily conversations.B．Research papers.C．Private e-mails. D．News reports.25．What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A．They're socially inactive. B．They're inconsiderate of others.C．They're good at telling stories. D．They're careful with their words.26．Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr Berger's research?A．Personal accounts. B．Financial reviews.C．Science articles. D．Sports news.27．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Sad stories actually travel far and wideB．Reading habits change with the timesC．Good news beats bad on social networksD．Online news indeed attracts more peopleCThese days, people who do manual (体力的) work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar workers” for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the honor of becoming white-collar workers. This can lead to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls (工作服) and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status (身份；地位) is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not ‘Alf’.28.What does the case of Alfred Bloggs show?A. That people often care more about the status of a job than the income.B. That “white-collar workers” usually wear a suit to go to work.C. That manual workers prefer to keep their jobs a secret.D. That office workers earn less than manual workers.29.What did Alfred Bloggs do for over two years?A. He told his wife he worked for the Corporation, when in fact he did not.B. He dressed himself as a dustman before leaving home every morning.C. He lied to his wife about his job.D. He earned twice as much as a white-collar worker.30.What does Alfred Bloggs think of his new job?A. He feels it is a pity because he now earns less than before.B. He thinks it is worthwhile for his rise in status.C. He is proud because he earns much more than before.D. He is satisfied because he no longer needs a shower before returning home.31.What’s the best title of the passage?A. The Double Life of Alfred Bloggs.B. Money or Status, Which Comes First?C. The Story of Alfred Bloggs, a Dustman.D. Truth Will Come to Light Sooner or Later.DIt’s 2035. You have a job, a family and you’re about 40 years old. Welcome to our future life.Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. “Turn red,” you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics (智能电子元件) are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you’re 40. You look much younger. With amazing advances in medicine, people i n your generation may live to be 150 years old. You’re not even middle aged!As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal（谷物）into a bowl, you hear, “To lose weight, you shouldn’t eat that,” from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic code on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. “Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?” A list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen cheeks its food supplies.“Ready for your trip to space,” you ask your son and daughter. In 2005 only specially-trained astronauts went into space---and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three strawb erries each, you add, “The doctor said you need these for space travel.” Thanks to medical advances, vaccination shots (防疫针) are athing of the past. Ordinary foods contain specific vaccines(疫苗). With the strawberries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door.It’s time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. “My office, autopilot,” you command. Your car drives itself down the road and move smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. The latest news downloads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages, you watch the news as video film rather than read it.32.What changes the color of your shirt?A. The mirror.B. The shirt itselfC. The counter.D. The medicine.33.How do the shoes know that you shouldn’t eat the breakfast cereal?A. By pouring the breakfast into a bowl.B. By listening to the doctor’s advice.C. By testing the food supplies in the kitchen.D. By checking the nutrition details of the food.34.The strawberries the children eat serve as ______.A. breakfastB. lunchC. vaccinesD. nutrition35.How is the text organized?A. In order of time.B. In order of frequency.C. In order of preference.D. In order of importance.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（出题人：梁涛审题人：赵聪）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019_2020学年高一语文下学期期中模拟试题(二)(含参考答案)
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一语文下学期期中模拟试题（二）一、现代文阅读（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
（李璐璐）传统表演艺术是我国非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分，同时也是一座蕴藏丰富、有待进一步开发利用的民族民间艺术资源宝库。
经过十几年的努力，一些传统表演艺术项目已走出困境，呈现出新的生机与活力，但仍有一些项目面临着不容忽视的新问题。
传统表演艺术与普通民众生活息息相关，其表演通常具有群体性特征：无论侗族大歌还是壮族山歌，人人都可展示歌喉；无论汉族的秧歌，还是藏民的锅庄，民众欢乐起舞的场面都蔚为大观。
对这类非物质文化遗产的保护就要坚持其生活性、群体性，而不应仅局限在艺术团体或演出队等小范围内。
广大民众为庆贺丰收、祭祖敬神、禳灾祈福而载歌载舞的即兴表演，寄托着他们深沉的精神追求和丰富情感。
使传统表演艺术“雅化”，固然能彰显各类民族民间艺术的特色，但也弱化了传统表演艺术的民俗文化内涵。
当然，各类民间表演艺术经过充分提炼和艺术升华，进而搬上舞台，其成功之作会对此类非物质文化遗产的传播起到促进作用。
如春晚舞台上，藏族舞蹈《飞弦踏春》、蒙古族舞蹈《吉祥颂》等都曾大放异彩。
然而，在对民间表演艺术进行再创作的过程中，有些实施者没有坚持本真性的原则，将一些传统艺术改编得面目全非。
比如，有些人在改造民乐时套用西方音乐编排方式，被改编的作品便失了自身的魂魄。
因此，对民族民间传统艺术进行“二度创作”，应既不失其本真的艺术特性，又科学地融入现代元素，适应民众新的审美需求。
要做到这一点就需要编导们深谙民间表演艺术的特性，并能进行实地调研、采风，挖掘出民间艺术的基本元素与本质精神。
各种传统表演艺术都是在特定时空中呈现的，靠其演出行为形成艺术作品，实现艺术价值。
这类非物质文化遗产的特性决定了应对其实施活态传承与保护，使之以鲜活形态生存于民间。
在非物质文化遗产抢救保护实践中，有些地区视保存为保护，重视硬件设施，各类场馆及专题博物馆建设颇具规模，民间收集来的各种乐器、道具、面具、服装等都得到妥善收藏。
2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中牟第一高级中学高一(下)第二次月考数学试卷(含解析)
2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中牟第一高级中学高一（下）第二次月考数学试卷一、单选题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分。
在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知i为虚数单位，复数z=1+2i1−i，则复数z在复平面上的对应点位于( )A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限2.如图所示，梯形A′B′C′D′是平面图形ABCD用斜二测画法得到的直观图，A′D′=2B′C′=2，A′B′=1，则平面图形ABCD中对角线AC的长度为( )A. 2B. 3C. 5D. 53.若平面向量a，b，c两两所成的角相等，|a|=|b|=1，|c|=3，则|a+b+c|=( )A. 2B. 5C. 2或5D. 2或54.已知圆锥的底面半径为1，其侧面展开图是一个圆心角为120°的扇形，则此圆锥的母线长为( )A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 65.设△ABC的内角A，B，C的对边分别为a，b，c，且sinA：sinB：sinC=2：3：4，则cosC的值为( )A. −14B. 14C. −23D. 236.如图，青铜器的上半部分可以近似看作圆柱体，下半部分可以近似看作两个圆台的组合体，已知AB=8cm，CD=2cm，则该青铜器的体积为( )A. 872πcm3B. 872π4cm3 C. 432π2cm3 D. 432πcm37.在△ABC中，2csin2A2=c−b(a,b,c分别为角A，B，C的对边)，则△ABC的形状可能是( )A. 正三角形B. 直角三角形C. 等腰直角三角形D. 等腰三角形8.如图，已知正六边形ABCDEF的边长为2，圆O的圆心为正六边形的中心，半径为1，若点P在正六边形的边上运动，MN为圆O的直径，则PM⋅PN的取值范围是( )A. [32,3] B. [32,4] C. [2,3] D. [2,4]二、多选题：本题共3小题，共18分。
在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求。
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第二次限时练考试物理试题(PDF版)
，外力做功 W2＝2F0x2′＝
，综合
上述可知 x2＝5x1，v2＝3v1，W2＝8W1，故 A、C 正确． 12．ACD【解析】
A．7.9 km/s 是卫星的最小发射速度；11.2 km/s 是使卫星摆脱地球吸引的发射速度；P 点是 椭圆轨道Ⅰ上的近地点，则卫星在 P 点的速度大于 7.9 km/s，小于 11.2 km/s．故 A 项正确． B．环绕地球做圆周运动的人造卫星，最大的运行速度是 7.9 km/s．故 B 项错误． C．轨道Ⅰ上 P 点比 Q 点离地球近些，则卫星在 P 点的速度大于在 Q 点的速度．故 C 项正确．
18．（10 分）2014 年 4 月 16 日，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）宣布首次在太阳系外发现 与地球差不多大的行星。假设未来人类向这颗行星发射探测飞船，探测飞船（连同登陆舱） 的总质量为 m1，绕这颗行星做半径为 r1、周期为 T1 的匀速圆周运动，随后登陆舱脱离飞船， 变轨到离该行星更近的半径为 r2 的圆轨道上做匀速圆周运动，登陆舱的质量为 m2，万有引 力常量为 G。求： （1）该行星的质量 M ； （2）登陆舱在半径为 r2 的轨道上做圆周运动的线速度大小 v。
2V0 L
D．P
点随圆盘转动的线速度可能为
7 gL 4V0
10．如图所示，小球 m 在竖直放置的光滑的圆形管道内做圆周运动，下列说法正确的是( )
A．小球通过最高点时的最小速度是 Rg
B．小球通过最高点时的最小速度为零
C．小球在水平线 ab 以下的管道中运动时外侧管壁对小球一定无作用力
D．小球在水平线 ab 以下的管道中运动时外侧管壁对小球一定有作用力
d
，联立解得 r1
m2d m1 m2
， r2
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第二次限时练考试英语试题+Word版含答案
英语试卷第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）(出题人：廖孙莹审题人：李培)第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AEngland has been the birthplace of most of the great English-language theatre written throughout history. Most of the plays in England that are truly famous have something in common. They usually come from a playwright (剧作家) with several famous plays.ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has a large catalogue (目录) of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category is home to some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and Julius Caesar are all tragedies and performed in theatres around the world every year. Famous comedies include A Midsummer Night's Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the history category, Richard Ⅲand HenryⅤare very famous.Oscar Wilde and George Bernard ShawSeveral hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde's plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were born within a few years of each other, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw's plays are loved so much that an entire theatre company is devoted to performing his works in Niagara-on-the-Lake in southern Ontario.Harold PinterThe plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known.21. The writer wrote this passage to ________．A．advise us to spend more time enjoying playsB．explain why England has so many wonderful playsC．tell us about some famous British playwrights and their worksD．tell us the differences among some British playwrights22. What do the works in the underlined part in Paragraph 2 have in common?A．They are all Shakespeare's early works.B．They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare.C．They are all Shakespeare's famous comedies.D．They all belong to the history category of Shakespeare's plays.23. Which of the following plays were most probably written in the same period of time?A．The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance.B．RichardⅢ and A Woman of No Importance.C．An Ideal Husband and Candida.D．Candida and Betrayal.BBad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people's e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media，” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. Y ou don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The Ne w York Times' website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed”list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.24．What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A．Daily conversations.B．Research papers.C．Private e-mails. D．News reports.25．What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A．They're socially inactive. B．They're inconsiderate of others.C．They're good at telling stories. D．They're careful with their words.26．Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr Berger's research?A．Personal accounts. B．Financial reviews.C．Science articles. D．Sports news.27．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Sad stories actually travel far and wideB．Reading habits change with the timesC．Good news beats bad on social networksD．Online news indeed attracts more peopleCThese days, people who do manual (体力的) work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar workers” for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the honor of becoming white-collar workers. This can lead to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls (工作服) and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status (身份；地位) is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not ‘Alf’.28.What does the case of Alfred Bloggs show?A. That people often care more about the status of a job than the income.B. That “white-collar workers” usually wear a suit to go to work.C. That manual workers prefer to keep their jobs a secret.D. That office workers earn less than manual workers.29.What did Alfred Bloggs do for over two years?A. He told his wife he worked for the Corporation, when in fact he did not.B. He dressed himself as a dustman before leaving home every morning.C. He lied to his wife about his job.D. He earned twice as much as a white-collar worker.30.What does Alfred Bloggs think of his new job?A. He feels it is a pity because he now earns less than before.B. He thinks it is worthwhile for his rise in status.C. He is proud because he earns much more than before.D. He is satisfied because he no longer needs a shower before returning home.31.What’s the best title of the passage?A. The Double Life of Alfred Bloggs.B. Money or Status, Which Comes First?C. The Story of Alfred Bloggs, a Dustman.D. Truth Will Come to Light Sooner or Later.DIt’s 2035. You have a job, a family and you’re about 40 years old. Welcome to our future life.Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. “Turn red,” you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics (智能电子元件) are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you’re 40. You look much younger. With amazing advances in medicine, peop le in your generation may live to be 150 years old. You’re not even middle aged!As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal（谷物）into a bowl, you hear, “To lose weight, you shouldn’t eat that,” from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic code on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. “Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?” A list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen cheeks its food supplies.“Ready for your trip to space,” you ask your son and daughter. In 2005 only specially-trained astronauts went into space---and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three st rawberries each, you add, “The doctor said you need these for space travel.” Thanks to medical advances, vaccination shots (防疫针) are a thing of the past. Ordinary foods contain specific vaccines(疫苗). With the strawberries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door.It’s time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. “My office, autopilot,” you command. Your car drives itself down the road and move smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. The latest news downloads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages, you watch the news as video film rather than read it.32.What changes the color of your shirt?A. The mirror.B. The shirt itselfC. The counter.D. The medicine.33.How do the shoes know that you shouldn’t eat the breakfast cereal?A. By pouring the breakfast into a bowl.B. By listening to the doctor’s advice.C. By testing the food supplies in the kitchen.D. By checking the nutrition details of the food.34.The strawberries the children eat serve as ______.A. breakfastB. lunchC. vaccinesD. nutrition35.How is the text organized?A. In order of time.B. In order of frequency.C. In order of preference.D. In order of importance.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（出题人：梁涛审题人：赵聪）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019_2020学年高一英语下学期第二次限时练考试试题
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一英语下学期第二次限时练考试试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AEngland has been the birthplace of most of the great Englishlanguage theatre written throughout history. Most of the plays in England that are truly famous have something in common. They usually come from a playwright (剧作家) with several famous plays.ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has a large catalogue (目录) of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category is home to some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and Julius Caesar are all tragedies and performed in theatres around the world every year. Famous comedies include A Midsummer Night's Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the history category, Richard Ⅲ and HenryⅤ are very famous.Oscar Wilde and George Bernard ShawSeveral hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde's plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were born within a few years of each other, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw's plays are loved so much that an entire theatre company is devoted to performing his works in NiagaraontheLake in southern Ontario.Harold PinterThe plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known.21. The writer wrote this passage to ________．A．advise us to spend more time enjoying playsB．explain why England has so many wonderful playsC．tell us about some famous British playwrights and their worksD．tell us the differences among some British playwrights22. What do the works in the underlined part in Paragraph 2 have in common?A．They are all Shakespeare's early works.B．They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare.C．They are all Shakespeare's famous comedies.D．They all belong to the history category of Shakespeare's plays.23. Which of the following plays were most probably written in the same period of time?A．The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance.B．RichardⅢ and A Woman of No Importance.C．An Ideal Husband and Candida.D．Candida and Betrayal.BBad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people's emails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media，” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing wordofmouth communication—emails, Web posts and reviews, facetoface conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times' website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most emailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles. He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.24．What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A．Daily conversations. B．Research papers.C．Private emails. D．News reports.25．What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A．They're socially inactive. B．They're inconsiderate of others.C．They're good at telling stories. D．They're careful with their words.26．Which tended to be the most emailed according to Dr Berger's research?A．Personal accounts. B．Financial reviews.C．Science articles. D．Sports news.27．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Sad stories actually travel far and wideB．Reading habits change with the timesC．Good news beats bad on social networksD．Online news indeed attracts more peopleCThese days, people who do manual (体力的) work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar workers” for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the honor of becoming white-collar workers. This can lead to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls (工作服) and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status (身份；地位) is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs’, not ‘Alf’.28.What does the case of Alfred Bloggs show?A. That people often care more about the status of a job than the income.B. That “white-collar workers” usually wear a suit to go to work.C. That manual workers prefer to keep their jobs a secret.D. That office workers earn less than manual workers.29.What did Alfred Bloggs do for over two years?A. He told his wife he worked for the Corporation, when in fact he did not.B. He dressed himself as a dustman before leaving home every morning.C. He lied to his wife about his job.D. He earned twice as much as a white-collar worker.30.What does Alfred Bloggs think of his new job?A. He feels it is a pity because he now earns less than before.B. He thinks it is worthwhile for his rise in status.C. He is proud because he earns much more than before.D. He is satisfied because he no longer needs a shower before returning home.31.What’s the best title of the passage?A. The Double Life of Alfred Bloggs.B. Money or Status, Which Comes First?C. The Story of Alfred Bloggs, a Dustman.D. Truth Will Come to Light Sooner or Later.DIt’s 2035. You have a job, a family and you’re about 40 years old. Welcome to our future life.Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. “Turn red,” you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics (智能电子元件) are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you’re 40. You look much younger. With amazing advances in medicine, people in y our generation may live to be 150 years old. You’re not even middle aged!As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal（谷物） into a bowl, you hear, “To lose weight, you shouldn’t eat that,” from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic code on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. “Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?” A list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen cheeks its food supplies.“Ready for your trip to space,” you ask your son and daughter. In 2005 only specially-trained astronauts went into space---and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three strawberr ies each, you add, “The doctor said you need these for space travel.” Thanks to medical advances, vaccination shots (防疫针) are a thing of the past. Ordinary foods contain specific vaccines(疫苗). With the strawberries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door.It’s time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. “My office, autopilot,” you command. Your car drives itself down the road and move smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. The latest news downloads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages, you watch the news as video film rather than read it.32.What changes the color of your shirt?A. The mirror.B. The shirt itselfC. The counter.D. The medicine.33.How do the shoes know that you shouldn’t eat the breakfast cereal?A. By pouring the breakfast into a bowl.B. By listening to the doctor’s advice.C. By testing the food supplies in the kitchen.D. By checking the nutrition details of the food.34.The strawberries the children eat serve as ______.A. breakfastB. lunchC. vaccinesD. nutrition35.How is the text organized?A. In order of time.B. In order of frequency.C. In order of preference.D. In order of importance.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（出题人：梁涛审题人：赵聪）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2020届高三迎二测模拟考试(二)英语试卷
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2020届高三迎二测模拟考试（二）英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AIf you’re looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard?What is a Hoverboard?A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. It’s electrical, portable and became highly popular in 2015 in reference to a popular 1980’s movie. Typically, this self-balancing device operates like a powered skateboard.How Does a Hoverboard Work?The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t complicated.Basically, a standard hoverboard contains:Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery.Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt ( 倾斜) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction.Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright.Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data—your speed, tilt, etc.—and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed.Why Buy a Hoverboard?Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You’ve probably seen kids riding one around the house. They’re a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend?Where is a hoverboard legal?Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas—including your yard—are free of these restrictions.21. The logic board of a hoverboard can .A. store electricityB. power the wheelsC. send information to the ridersD. receive data and give command22. According to the passage, a hoverboard can be used .A．on campus B．in parksC．on bike paths D．in shopping malls23. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To evaluate a gift’s quality.B. To recommend a gift choice.C. To compare new hoverboard models.D. To clarify functions of the latest hoverboards.BGrowing up, Deka Ismail says she let labels define what she could be. “I was a black girl, from a refugee (难民) family,” Deka said. “It was as if I was only allowed to explore in this predetermined box.”After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in science and gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of California, planning to become a professor.Born and raised in San Diego’s City Heights neighbourhood, Deka is the daughter of a Somali refugee couple. While some might say Deka’s success happened in spite of her background, she would say differently, that her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be thedriven, young scientist that she is today.When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to one’s life. She spent a lot of time in the library reading books, and didn’t do many of the things her peers did, like partying or having romantic relationships.“I always felt like I had to be the perfect girl for my family,” Deka said. “You have to not even do your best but two times better than everyone else. I felt like the whole world was waiting for me to mess up.”Deka’s efforts paid off. The summer before her senior year of high school, she was accepted to the American Chemical Society Project SEED Programme. “She brought both enthusiasm and focus,” Botham, a researcher at this research institute, recalled. “She arrived every day ready to work, ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”When asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves. “Don’t tell yourself that scholarship is too big or this programme is too competitive or I’ll never get into this school, ” she said. “I was not sure whether I could make it until I started seeing the acceptance letters rolling in.”24.From the passage, we can learn that .A. Deka was adopted by a refugee familyB. Deka spent a lot of time going to partiesC. Deka became a professor after graduationD. Deka’s experiences drove her to work hard25．Deka realized the importance of education .A. from her mother’s experienceB. after her chemistry classC. by reading books in the libraryD. through working at the institute26．According to the last paragraph, Deka advised that students be .A. patientB. confidentC. ambitiousD. generous27．What does the story intend to tell us?A. Life is not all roses.B. Practice makes perfect.C. Well begun is half done.D. Hard work leads to success.CA group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder, red eyes looking around. They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps they’re not so different.A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies. In the past, scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower. But the pea-brained guineafowl are revealing the faults in that assumption.These large birds wander across the landscape in packs, often walking so closely that their bodies touch. They may fight each other to maintain their strict hierarchies (等级制度), but at other times they engage in friendly behaviours like sharing food.Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society. For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day.The findings of the research suggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. There are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be groups of friends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird.And Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular bird’s tiny brain size: “They don’t only have small brains relative to mammals (哺乳动物), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds,” he said.According to him, living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order. For example, if groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows which group it’s looking at—no need for a brain that can recognize every single animal. Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges they’re facing. Depending on what enemies or resources are around, it might make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one.“Having a multilevel structure may not require having a large brain,” Dr. Farine said. There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies asmany-leveled as our own.28. According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study?A. The guineafowl’s social behaviour.B. Previous assumptions about birds.C．His interest in animal brainpower. D．The faults in earlier research.29. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A．The research subjects.B．The research methods.C．The research findings.D．The research equipment.30. What can be learned from the passage?A. Complex social systems can be a disadvantage to the guineafowl.B. The guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group.C．Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups.D．Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies.31. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To present the findings of a study of the guineafowl.B. To explain the interaction patterns in multilevel societies.C. To introduce a new approach to observing the guineafowl.D. To uncover clues about how complex societies are formed.DCity Transformer,a four-year-old company based outside Tel Aviv,Israel,is ready to shake up the auto industry with their invention.So what is it that they’ve created?A car that actually folds while you’re driving.It’s a neat trick,sure.Perhaps something you’d see in a superhero movie.But it actually serves a practical purpose.With more people choosing to live in urban environments,space can be tight.Picture yourself pulling up to a tiny parking space that’s only big enough for a motorcycle.No problem.Hit the button,and your car shrinks to fit into the space.The car,which is available for pre-order now,is a case study in clean design.It contains only 1,000 parts,compared to the industry standard of about 20,000 in a regular car.It’s all electric,and doesn’t run on gas,causing no pollution.It’s autonomous-ready,which means that one day it will be able to drive itself.City Transformer is considering a company of foldable cars positioned all across theglobe.People who own membership of the car rental company can rent one of the cars wherever they are.What’s more,when you get into any of the cars,it will instantly recognize you and adjust the seats,temperature and music to your favorite settings.Asaf Formoza,the company’s founder,believes it’s at the right place,at the right time.“It's very important for us to be in Israel,because we have more than 400 companies here just for the automotive departments,”he explained.“And we can take some of their proven technologies and adopt them to our car.”“To bring something like that as a solution for cities when so many people around the world are stuck in traffic jams,this is going to be something that I think can really change the experience of drivers,”said project manager Itamar Meridor.32. What is the advantage of the car?A. It uses less gas.B. It is easier to control.C. It takes up less space.D. It has a higher speed.33. What can the car do when a person sits in it?A. Drive itself.B. Obey any order.C. Take his or her temperature.D. Provide personalized services.34. Why does Asaf Formoza say the car is at the right place?A. Israel is a large market for cars.B. The car company pays no tax in Israel.C. The road conditions in Israel are nice for cars.D. The new technologies are available in Israel.35. How does Itamar Meridor feel about the future of the car?A. Uncertain.B. Hopeful.C. Concerned.D. Doubtful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019_2020学年高一历史下学期期中模拟试题(二)
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一历史下学期期中模拟试题（二）一、选择题（共30题,共60分，每题2分）1、下图是根据从河南辉县和山西长治出土的战国时期铁农具绘制的，从左至右分别为锄、斧、铲、犁铧。
这些农具的使用（）A. 缓解了人口与土地的尖锐矛盾B. 抑制了手工业和商业的发展C. 说明铁犁牛耕在全国范围推广D. 促进了精耕细作农业的发展2、《复活的兵团》解说，两千多年前的秦朝在统一后已按照“国标”大规模生产各类标准化兵器。
秦朝《工律》规定：“为器同物者，其大小、短长、广裹亦必等。
”材料反映秦朝（）A.民间手工业生产规范 B.军队装备世界领先C.官营手工业的标准化D.手工业生产水平高3、在中国封建社会，小农善于经营，可以“累其赢余，益市田数亩”，上升为自耕农或小地主，小地主经营得法，也能上升为大地主。
……不善经营，大地主也会下降为小地主，小地主破产为自耕农，乃至佃农，及身无立锥之地。
这说明A．封建经济发展缺乏稳定性 B．土地兼并是封建经济的顽疾C．自耕农是封建经济的主体 D．封建经济内隐存竞争因素4、西汉官员在谈到盐铁官营时指出：“笼天下盐铁诸利，以排（排挤）富商大贾……损有余，补不足，是以兵革东西征伐，赋敛不征而国用足。
”这表明盐铁官营A. 使政府获得经济与政治双重利益B. 基本解除了百姓的赋税负担C. 阻碍了社会商品经济的正常发展D. 以解决军费问题为主要目的5、下表为不同文献关于唐代土地状况的记述。
由此可以推知A．政府对土地的实际控制力有限 B．租佃经营基本取代自耕农经营C．土地的自由买卖得到法律保障 D．士农工商的社会结构发生变化6、唐代宗诏令“诸坊市街曲，有侵街打墙、接檐造舍等，先处分一切不许，并令毁拆”；宋真宗时店铺侵占通衢大道的情况屡禁不止；最终宋徽宗以征收“侵街房廊钱”的形式承认了这一行为的合法性。
这反映出( )A．宋代的法律体系比唐代更为完备B．“工商食官”的政策逐步受到削弱C．商业发展不断冲击传统坊市制度D．官府对商业活动的控制日趋严格7、明清是民间手工业的大发展时期。
河南省郑州市中牟县第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一期中模拟考试物理试卷
物理一、选择题(1～8为单项选择题，9～12为多项选择题.每小题4分，共48分)1.如图所示在皮带传送装置中，皮带把物体P匀速传送至高处，在此过程中，下述说法正确的是( )A.合外力对物体做正功B.支持力对物体做正功C.重力对物体做正功D. 摩擦力对物体做正功2.如图所示为质点做匀变速曲线运动轨迹的示意图，且质点运动到D点(D点是曲线的拐点)时速度方向与加速度方向恰好互相垂直，则质点从A点运动到E点的过程中，下列说法中正确的是( )A.质点经过C点的速率比D点的大B.质点经过A点时的加速度方向与速度方向的夹角小于90°C.质点经过D点时的加速度比B点的大D.质点从B到E的过程中加速度方向与速度方向的夹角先增大后减小3. 2019年5月17日，我国成功发射第45颗北斗导航卫星，该卫星属于地球静止轨道卫星(同步卫星).该卫星( )A.入轨后可以位于北京正上方B.入轨后的速度大于第一宇宙速度C.发射速度大于第二宇宙速度D.若发射到近地圆轨道所需能量较少4. 2018年12月8日，肩负着亿万中华儿女探月飞天梦想的嫦娥四号探测器成功发射，“实现人类航天器首次在月球背面巡视探测，率先在月背刻上了中国足迹”，如图所示.已知月球的质量为M、半径为R.探测器的质量为m，引力常量为G，嫦娥四号探测器围绕月球做半径为r的匀速圆周运动时，探测器的( )A.周期为4π2r3GMB.动能为GMm2RC.角速度为Gmr3D.向心加速度为GMR25. 2017年4月，我国成功发射的天舟一号货运飞船与天宫二号空间实验室完成了首次交会对接，对接形成的组合体仍沿天宫二号原来的轨道(可视为圆轨道)运行.与天宫二号单独运行时相比，组合体运行的( )A.周期变大B.速率变大C.动能变大D.向心加速度变大6. “神舟六号”载人飞船顺利发射升空后，经过115小时32分的太空飞行，在离地面约为430 km的圆轨道上运行了77圈，运动中需要多次“轨道维持”.所谓“轨道维持”就是通过控制飞船上发动机的点火时间和推力的大小和方向，使飞船能保持在预定轨道上稳定飞行，如果不进行“轨道维持”，由于飞船受到轨道上稀薄空气的影响，轨道高度会逐渐降低，在这种情况下飞船的动能、重力势能和机械能的变化情况是( )A.动能、重力势能和机械能逐渐减小B.重力势能逐渐减小，动能逐渐增大，机械能不变C.重力势能逐渐增大，动能逐渐减小，机械能不变D.重力势能逐渐减小，动能逐渐增大，机械能逐渐减小7.如图所示是半径为r的竖直光滑圆形轨道，将一玩具小车放到与轨道圆心O 处于同一水平面的A点，并给小车一竖直向下的初速度，使小车沿轨道内侧做圆周运动，重力加速度为g.要使小车不脱离轨道，则在A处使小车获得竖直向下的最小初速度应为( )A.7grB.5grC.3grD.2gr8.从地面竖直向上抛出一物体，物体在运动过程中除受到重力外，还受到一大小不变、方向始终与运动方向相反的外力作用.距地面高度h在3 m以内时，物体上升、下落过程中动能E k随h的变化如图所示.重力加速度取10 m/s2.该物体的质量为( )A.2 kgB.1kgC.1.5 kgD.0.5 kg9.如图所示，摩天轮悬挂的座舱在竖直平面内做匀速圆周运动.座舱的质量为m，运动的半径为R，角速度大小为ω，重力加速度为g，则座舱( )A.运动周期为2πR ωB.线速度的大小为ωRC.受摩天轮作用力的大小始终为mgD.所受合力的大小始终为mω2R10.如图所示，轻质弹簧的左端固定，并处于自然状态.小物块的质量为m，从A 点向左沿水平地面运动，压缩弹簧后被弹回，运动到A点恰好静止.物块向左运动的最大距离为s，与地面间的动摩擦因数为μ，重力加速度为g，弹簧未超出弹性限度.在上述过程中( )A.弹簧的最大弹力为μmgB.物块克服摩擦力做的功为2μmgsC.弹簧的最大弹性势能为μmgsD.物块在A点的初速度为2μgs11.“跳一跳”小游戏需要操作者控制棋子离开平台时的速度，使其能跳到旁边平台上.如图所示的抛物线为棋子在某次跳跃过程中的运动轨迹，其最高点离平台的高度为h，水平速度为v；若质量为m的棋子在运动过程中可视为质点，只受重力作用，重力加速度为g，则( )A.棋子从最高点落到平台上所需时间t＝2h gB.若棋子在最高点的速度v变大，则其落到平台上的时间变长C.棋子从最高点落到平台的过程中，重力势能减少mghD.棋子落到平台上的速度大小为2gh12.如图甲所示，0.1 kg的小球从最低点A冲入竖直放置在水平地面上、半径为0.4 m的半圆形轨道，此后小球速度的平方与其距离水平地面的高度的关系图象如图乙所示.已知小球恰能到达最高点C，轨道粗糙程度处处相同，空气阻力不计.g取10 m/s2，B为AC轨道中点.下列说法正确的是( )A.图乙中x＝4B.小球从B到C损失了0.125 J的机械能C.小球从A到C合外力对其做的功为－1.05 JD.小球从C抛出后，落地点到A的距离为0.8 m二、实验题(本题共2小题，每空2分，共12分)13.如图所示是一种简易的圆周运动向心力演示仪，图中A、B为两个穿在水平滑杆上并通过棉线与转轴相连的重锤.试结合下列演示现象，分析影响向心力的因素.(1)使线长L A＝L B，质量m A＞m B，加速转动横杆.现象：连接A的棉线先断.表明：在半径和角速度一定的条件下，圆周运动所需向心力随________的增大而增大.(2)使质量m A＝m B，线长L A＞L B，加速转动横杆.现象：连接A的棉线先断.表明：在物体质量和角速度一定的条件下，圆周运动所需向心力随________的增大而增大.(3)对任一次断线过程进行考察.现象：并不是横杆一开始转动就断线，而是加速了一段时间之后线才断的.表明：在物体质量和半径一定的条件下，圆周运动所需向心力随__________的增大而增大.14.用如图甲所示的装置“验证机械能守恒定律”，将两物块A和B用轻质细绳连接并跨过轻质定滑轮，B下端连接纸带，纸带穿过固定的打点计时器，用天平测出A、B两物块的质量m A＝300 g，m＝100 g，A从高处由静止开始下落，B拖着的纸带打出一系列的点，对纸带上B的点迹进行测量，即可验证机械能守恒定律，图乙给出的是实验中获取的一条纸带：0是打下的第一个点，每相邻两计数点间还有4个点(图中未标出)，计数点间的距离如图乙所示，已知打点计时器计时周期为T＝0.02 s，则：(1)在打点0～5 过程中系统动能的增加量ΔE k＝______ J，系统势能的减小量ΔE p＝________J (重力加速度g＝9.8 m/s2，结果均保留三位有效数字)(2)用v表示物块A的速度，h表示物块A下落的高度.若某同学作出的v22－h图象如图丙所示，则可求出当地的重力加速度g＝________m/s2(结果保留三位有效数字).三、计算题(本题共4小题，共40分.要有必要的文字说明和解题步骤，有数值计算的要注明单位)15.(8分)如图，一很长的、不可伸长的柔软轻绳跨过光滑轻质定滑轮，绳两端各系一小球A和B.A球静置于地面；B球用手托住，离地高度为h，此时轻绳刚好拉紧，从静止开始释放B后，在B触地的瞬间，B球的速度大小为gh(g为重力加速度，不计空气阻力)，求：(1)B球与A球质量的比值M m ；(2)运动过程中(B触地前)A、B的加速度各多大？16.(10分)如图所示，一个质量m＝4 kg的物块以v＝2 m/s的水平速度滑到一静止的平板车上，已知平板车质量M＝16 kg，物块与平板车之间的动摩擦因数μ＝0.1，其他摩擦不计(取g＝10 m/s2)，求：(1)当物块与平板车相对静止时，物块的速度大小及滑行时间；(2)要使物块不能从平板车右端滑落，平板车至少多长.17．(10分)如图所示，水平传送带AB的右端与在竖直面内的用内径光滑的钢管弯成的“9”形固定轨道相接，钢管内径很小．传送带的运行速度v0＝4.0 m/s，将质量m＝1 kg的可看做质点的滑块无初速度地放在传送带的A端．已知传送带长度L＝4.0 m，离地高度h＝0.4 m，“9”字全高H＝0.6 m，“9”字上半部分3圆弧的半径R＝0.1 m，滑块与传送带间的动摩擦因数μ＝0.2，4重力加速度g＝10 m/s2，试求：(1)滑块从传送带A端运动到B端所需要的时间；(2)滑块滑到轨道最高点C时对轨道的作用力；(3)滑块从D点抛出后的水平射程．(结果保留三位有效数字)18．(12分)如图所示，AB与CD为两个对称斜面，其上部都足够长，下部分别与一个光滑的圆弧面的两端相切，圆弧圆心角为106°，半径R＝2.0 m．一个质量为2 kg的物体从A点由静止释放后沿斜面向下运动，AB长度为L＝5 m，物体与两斜面的动摩擦因数均为μ＝0.2.(g＝10 m/s2，sin 53°＝0.8，cos 53°＝0.6)求：(1)物体第一次到达弧底时，对E点的作用力；(2)物体在整个运动过程中系统产生的热量；(3)物体在整个运动过程中，对弧底E点最小作用力的大小．物理参考答案(2)9.7015. 答案 (1)3∶1 (2)g 2 g2解析 (1)对A 、B 组成的系统，机械能守恒，则: (M －m )gh ＝12(M ＋m )v 2(2分)解得：M m ＝31(2分)(2)对B 分析，根据运动学公式可知2a B h ＝v 2(1分) 解得a B ＝g2(1分)对A 分析，根据运动学公式可知2a A h ＝v 2(1分) 解得a A ＝g2.(1分)16. 答案 (1)0.4 m/s 1.6 s (2)1.6 m解析 (1)对物块，由牛顿第二定律：μmg ＝ma 1(1分) v ′＝v －a 1t (1分)对车，由牛顿第二定律：μmg ＝Ma 2(1分) v ′＝a 2t (1分)解得：v ′＝0.4 m/s ，t ＝1.6 s(1分)(2)由功能关系：μmgL ＝12m v 2－12(m ＋M )v ′2(2分)解得L ＝1.6 m(1分)17．(1)2 s (2)30 N ，方向竖直向上 (3)1.13 m解析 (1)滑块在传送带上加速运动时，由牛顿第二定律得知 μmg ＝ma ，得a ＝2 m/s 2加速到与传送带速度相同所需时间为t ＝v 0a ＝2 s此过程位移x ＝12at 2＝4 m此时滑块恰好到达B 端，所以滑块从A 端运动到B 端的时间为t ＝2 s. (2)滑块由B 运动到C 的过程中机械能守恒，则有12m v 2C ＝12m v2，解得v C＝2 m/smgH＋。