chapter four-英语笔译
华先发英汉翻译教程第四章
• 译文：我们正在大步倒退到光荣的16世纪 时代，那时候有偏执狂的人点燃树枝去烧 死任何敢于给人类带来智慧、启示和文明 的人。
• 词义修辞格指主要借助语义的联想和语言的变化等特点创 造出来修辞手法。这类辞格主要包括simile, metaphor, allusion, metonymy, transferred epithet, personification, hyperbole, irony, euphemism, pun, oxymoron, zeugma, contrast等。 • A. simile, metaphor, allusion • E.g. I wandered lonely as a cloud. 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。 e.g. She is like a hen on a hot girdle. 她急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。（喻体更换）
• 译文：凶暴的夜风吹过树林，簌簌作响，它警告 我们，应该回头走了。太阳在渐越猛烈的雪风后 面，渐渐西沉，鸟纷纷觅路回巢，牛羊也回到他 们的圈栏里去了。
• (2) alliteration就是在一个词组、句子或者一列诗行中，出 现两个以上彼此靠近的词，其开首的音节（或其他重读音 节）具有同样的字母或读音。 • His great gaunt figure filled the cabin door. 译文：他高大枯瘦的身影塞满了木板小屋的门。 Mr President, my delegation is confident that your management of our affairs will be principled but practical, expeditious but expedient.（头韵-成语） 主席先生，我国代表团深信您对我们事物的处理，既会符 合原则，又会实事求是，既雷厉风行，而又不图权宜之便 。
ThomasWolfeAmeri...
新视野大学英语(第二版)第四册读写教程课文翻译An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。
The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。
"Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。
The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt.追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。
Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on.尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。
chapter four-商务英语英汉翻译教程PPT精品文档53页
CISISU-Business English for the
8
Seniors
Part 1. Relationship between the meaning of English and Chinese words
3. no correspondence 词义缺乏对应
Plumber
形成于“五角大楼文件”泄密事件后白宫设 立的专门特工机构。Plumber原意“铅管 工”，用以指特工，系借用“铅管工”堵漏、 防漏之含义）美国调查政府雇员泄密事件的 特工（《参考消息》将此词翻译为“管子 工”）
Chapter Four A Comparison study between English
and Chinese words and its translation
第四章 英汉词语对比与翻译
By Lily Chang
CISISU-Business English for the
1
Seniors
Targets of Chapter Four
CISISU-Business English for the
3
Seniors
Part 1. Relationship between the meaning of English and Chinese words
Differences: Chinese-相比英文，汉语词义严谨固定，
词的含义范围较窄，词义上下的依赖性比较 小。
译文：为应对目前的“非洲之角”饥荒，中国政府 决定通过联合国双边渠道向有关国家提供价值 4.432亿元人民币的紧急粮食援助。
CISISU-Business English for the
5
新视野大学英语(第二版)第四册读写教程课文翻译
新视野大学英语(第二版)第四册读写教程课文翻译.An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。
The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。
"Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。
The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt.追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。
Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on.尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。
新视野大学英语第4册汉译英unit1-10
B毕竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定最幸福。
After all, money is not everyth ing. The richest peopleare not necessa rily the happies t.不知为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了，结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时。
Their car broke down halfway for no reason. As a result, they arrived three hours later than they had planned.C 从分析中我们可以更好地知道发生了什么以及要做些什么。
From such an analysi s we are in a betterpositio n to underst and what has happene d and what to do about it.D当局控告他们威胁国家安全。
They were accused by the authori ties of threate ning the state securit y.调查应集中于父母和孩子们如何看待学校满足他们需求的那些办法。
Surveys ought to focus on how parents and childre n perceiv e the ways in which the schoolsatisfi es their needs.对于学生而言，没有任何地方比图书馆更好了，在那里所有的图书都他们使用。
For student s, nowhere is betterthan the library, where all the books are at their disposa l.对这个问题我已经束手无策了，所以不妨去求助于王教授吧。
英汉翻译教程 第四章 翻译的技巧
1. How to explain that I was not a proud owner seeking admiration for his vehicle, but a tourist who had broken down?【译文】真不知道怎么说好呢？我又不是一个得意的车主，专门让人家欣赏我的车子来着，而是个路途中有了难处的游客。
2. It is actually very, very old and was not always as beautiful as it is now. It is not certain how the Earth began. Probably it began as a huge globe of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and denser. … Today the outer layer or crust is cool and hard, …【译文】实际上，地球已经非常、非常古老了，它起初并不总像现在这样美丽。
关于地球的起源，尚无定论。
地球开始形成时，很可能是一个由气体和尘埃组成的巨大球体。
地球变得越来越小，越来越密，……今天，地球的外层或地壳已经冷却硬化，……3. Special equipment assures that the computers will not be disturbed by power interruptions that last less than two hours.【译文】在停电两小时以内的情况下，有专门设备能保证计算机正常工作。
4. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the emotions that she had been prepared for.【译文】那表情不是生气，不是惊讶，不是不满，不是嫌恶，也不是她原先准备应付的任何一种感情。
《二语习得引论》第四章翻译报告
所以在报告的第三部分，译者通过对欧化现象在词汇层面和句子层面以及文化层 面的分析，以阐释学理论作指导，运用适当的翻译方法来解决翻译文本中的欧化 现象。在最后一个部分，译者总结了此次翻译的经验和教训，以及仍待解决的问 题，对翻译报告作出总结。
２原文背景
２原文背景
２．１作者简介
Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇ Ｓｅｃｏｎｄ Ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅ
Ｐｓｙｃｈｏｌｏｇｙ ｏｆ Ｓｅｃｏｎｄ Ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅ Ａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ）
进行翻译。本章是为语言学、心理学及教育学的初学者及外语教师详细介绍二语 习得的心理学原理。
本翻译报告主要由四部分组成。第一部分是对项目的背景和项目目标与意义 进行描述，并进一步阐述这篇翻译报告的结构；第二部分讨论了原文背景和作者 背景，分析原文的结构和语言特征。因为在翻译过程中，发现译文中出现了汉语 的欧化现象，所以在本报告的第三部分，译者通过对欧化现象在词汇层面和句子 层面以及文化层面的分析，以阐释学理论作指导，运用适当的翻译方法来解决翻 译文本中的欧化现象；在第四部分中，对翻译报告作出了总结。
本次翻译项目是对穆里埃尔・萨维尔・特罗伊克（Ｍｕｒｉｅｌ Ｓａｖｉｌｌｅ—Ｔｒｏｉｋｅ）的学 术著作《二语习得引论》（ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇＳｅｃｏｎｄＬａｎｇｕａｇｅＡｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ）中的第四章（Ｔｈｅ
Ｐｓｙｃｈｏｌｏｇｙ ｏｆ Ｓｅｃｏｎｄ Ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅ
Ａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ）进行翻译，该书适用于初次接触第二
二语言习得，涉及到很多心理学、认知心理学的相关知识。 穆里埃尔・萨维尔・特罗伊克（Ｍｕｒｉｅｌ Ｓａｖｉｌｌｅ．Ｔｒｏｉｋｅ）的学术著作《二语习得 引论》（Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇ
Ｓｅｃｏｎｄ Ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅ
Ａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ）中的第四章（Ｔｈｅ
Chapter 4 Chapter4 英汉对比与翻译(二)
Chapter 4 A Comparative Study of English and Chinese (Part II) Teaching aims: to learn about the linguistic differences of Chinese and English so as to translate them accurately.Main Language points:Comparative studies of syntactic structure in Chinese and EnglishDifficult teaching points: hypotactic & paratactic; subject-prominent & topic prominent; static & dynamic.Teaching references:1. 方梦之. 翻译新论与实践[M]. 青岛出版社，20022. 孙致礼. 新编英汉翻译教程[M]. 上外教出版社；彭长江. 英汉－汉英翻译教程[M]. 湖南师大出版社；3. 陈宏薇，新编汉英翻译教程[M].上海外语教育出版社，2004Teaching methods: Analysis and Practice1. Hypotactic vs. Paratactic (形合与意合)As E. A. Nida points out in his “Translating Meaning”, …so fa r as English and Chinese are concerned, the most important difference linguistically is the contrast between hypotaxis and parataxis.Hypotaxis: The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses arranged with connectives;Parataxis: The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them;Examples:1. That is our policy and that is our declaration.—— W. Churchill这就是我们的国策。